NEBRASKA IS
GREATS
TATE.
Rknks First Among the States in the Value
of Its Beef Cattle and the Average
Wheat Yield per Acre
HER NATURAL RESOURCES LIMITED
With a Splendid Climate and Variety of Soils, Nebraska's Pres
tige As An Agricultural State is Unassailable Manu
facturing and Dairy Interests Are Growing
to Large Proportions.
2nolo.onor,o;oootoo:ooto6ono:o&.o6:otononoHo.oo6ono
Nebraska Is first In the value of beef cattle.
Nebraska Is first In average wheat yield per aero.
Nebraska leads the corn belt state In per capita bank
deposits.
Nebraska Is second In per capita wealth on farms.
Nebraska Is second in the production of alfalfa.
Nebraska Is second in tho per capita value of tho
wheat crop.
Nebraska ranks second In the per capita value of
horses.
Nebraska ranks second In the per capita value of
swine. x
Nebraska scored fourth place In the value of rye.
Nebraska ranks fourth In potato production.
Nebraska ranks fourth In the value of dairy cattle.
Nebraska ranks fifth in oats.
Nebraska has the smallest farm population of any of
these ten states; her farm population Is but 57 per cent
of the average population of the corn belt. .A state which
can make the record enumerated above ha3 good soil and
progressive people. Stand up for Nebraska.
X
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i4Ort0'OVj0"OlOlOVlO"rtOUoV0VlO"rtpHoV0lSOOllOO"O"0"00VjOOVt3
To one assigned tho duty of "Boost
ing" Nebraska, tho difllculty Ilea not
In what to Hay, but how to say it in
tho small apace aallablo at this time.
To condense in a few words a descrip
tion of tho many and varied resources
of this peerless member of Uncle
Sam's domain, nnd yet give a fair pre
sentation of them is a task which re
quires much careful study. With a
variety of soil und climate that per
mits the cultivation of practically
overy product known to the tompor
ate zone, nnd with resources that
offer inducements to every branch of
industrial endeavor. Nebraska 1b fast
taking her rightful place among tho
leading states of the Union.
This Is conclusively shown by a
bianco at tho summary of Nebraska's
standing among her sister states as
WILLIAM ROBERT MELLOR.
Secretary State Board of Agriculture.
Wlllam R. Mellor, of Loup City,
has been connected with tho Ne
braska Stata Hoard of Agriculture
for thirteen jcars. Ho has been sec
retary since 190G. During his In
cumbency the educational value of
the fair has been emphasized, lie is
a practical farmer and believes that
the annual exposition should ho a
model school in tho best that tho
state produces.
it appear at tho head of this column.
This Is a summary of FACTS, and
facts which should cause tho heart of
Jery Nebraskan to thrill with prldo
at tho achievement mado posslblo not
only by tho natural wealth of the
btate, hut by tho energy and entor
prluu of its sons and daughters.
And yot with this proud record of
present achievements, a start has
only boon made Primarily and agri
cultural state, this side of Nebraska's
DNL1MITED OPPORTUNI
TIES IN NEBRASKA
Tno aserago Nebraska citizen
h nihil os up against moro opportuni
ties for wealth than is possible to
encounter In nn other section of the
United States. This statement Is true
year In nnd year out, declares Secre
tary W It Mellor of the Stato Board
of Agriculture.
Nebraska lb tho twenty-eighth stato
in population and ranks sovonth in
tho uttem'inco at tho annual state
NOT ONLY A
BUT A LEADER
possibilities has in tho past received
the most attention and consequent
Improvement. However, thero aro
other resources just as creat whlnh
havo been lying dormant awaiting
only tuo magic touch of modern en
deavor to awaken thom to add tn No.
braska's prestige. This awakening
is being felt all along tho lino as is
evidenced by tho wonderful Increase
In manufacturing and other Industries
all over tho state.
Prosperity Is manifest on nvnrv ntiio
Go where you will in Nebraska and
you will find a happy, contented and
prosperous people. Not only In tho
largor cltle3 of tho Btato are tho
modern Improvements of electric
lights, water works, paved streets,
etc., to bo found, but also in thn mn.
Jority of the smaller villages tho citi
zens navo installed these civic con
veniences. Tho automobile is a com
,mon inodo of conveyance both in
town anu country, and power driven
farm machinery Is extensively used
all ovor tho state. These surface evi
dences of prosperity bear out the as
seition that Nebraskans are living in
a land of plenty.
To ono unacquainted with tho state
It may prove surprising to know that
her niea Is greater that that of all the
New Euglai.J states. Located as It
Is In tho contral mid-west it has splen
did transportation facilities to all tho
markets of tho world. , This affordB
an easy outlet for its products and
permits them to come In competition
wherever a demand for thom exists.
SOIL.
Nebraska has throe soil regions,
varying greatly In their agricultural
possibilities. Tho Stato and Federal
Soil Survoys have mapped about fifty
soil types that aro clay loams, silt
loams, flno sandy loams, snndv Wtn.
gravely and stoney loams. Tho south- j
eastern 40,000 square miles of the
stato forms tho great Loesa roglon
with Its smooth uplands, extensive
bottom Innds and a considorablo area
of fertilo hilly land. Nearly all of
this region Is subject to cultivation,!
tho soils of tho largest distribution
being silt loams and flno sandy loams.
i no suusou is characterized by its
depth and fertility.
Tho sandy loam region Is given
over largoly to grazing because of an
abundance of grass and a sultablo
wator supply. Tho prevailing soils
aro duno sand and sandv lnnm
Much of the basin and dry valley land
is suited for tho production of hay I
and corea'l crops. Thero aro places
in this roglon whero one-third of tho
surface is hay land or agricultural i
land. Tho uatlvo grasses of tho sand '
hills aro Important resources, but
too often they aro overlooked. This
fair. In fact tho stato has tho repu
tation of holding one of tho best ex
positions in tho country. Tho speed
program, tho attendance tho educa
tional features, tho machinery dis
plays, tho automotylo attractions and
tho musical and amusoment features
cannot bo excolled anywhore.
Pure bred live stock, Intensive
methods in corn cultivation, pure
seed corn and progressive Ideas In
general havo always received en
couragement from tho fair officials
Marketing, scientific distribution, tho
valuo of feitlllzatlon and tho olu
THE NORTH PLATTE
region haB not boon usod to its full
advantage partly through misman
agement and a wnsto of tho nntural
grasses. With bettor attention it
could bo made to produce moro exten
sively and thoro 1b but llttlo question
that this will bo done.
Tho high plains roglon occupying
much of tho western part of tho stnto
consists of broad smooth table lands,
small areas of buttos and canyons,
a fow bad lands areas and tho valley
Moors of soveral rivers, tho largest
being that of tho North Platto. Tho
principal soils nro flno sandy loams
nnd sandy loams with small areas of
duno sand, stoney nnd clayey land.
Tho benches along tho North Platte,
Lodgo Polo nnd othor vnlloys of this
roglon nro well suited for Irrigation.
Much of tho smooth upland, especially
that with deep lino sandy loams audi
oaud lonm soils is woll suited for
dry farming. Several distinct aroas
of such soil havo been developed to
n high degree
WELL WATER.
Perhaps no stato in tho Union is
moro fortunate than ours so far na
woll water supply Is concerned. Wells
supply most of tho drinking .water for
tho entlro state. They aro as n rule'
of modorato dopth and havo a strong
flow of water. It Is soldom that any
of them run dry and a wator famine
MRS. CHARLES OLIVER NORTON,
Of Kearney, Neb.
Mr3 Charles Oliver Norton of
Kearney. Neb., has nursucd a career
which proves that Nebraska affords
unusual opportunities for nmbltlous
business Vomen. Mrs. Norton has
mado a careful study of ranch and
farm lauds and is said to be tho best
judge of all branches of agricultural
resources In tho state.
Her husband died sixteen years
ago. SInco that tlmo sho has contin
ued his business, tho handling of
land3 and monoy. Sho Is now ono of
tho wealthy women of Nebraska.
Mrs. Norton has Just finished her
second term as Btato regent of tho
Nebraska Daughters of" tho American
Revolution. Whlio In ofllco sho led
tho movemont which resulted in tho
marking of tho Oregon Trail in Ne
braska. Sho Is a member of a num
ber of kindred societies and 1b promi
nent in church and charltnblo work.
such as was experienced In Kansas
recently Is -unknown In Nobraska.
This water is not only abundant, but
of an exceptionally good quality and
Is rated high among the resources of
the state.
WATER POWER.
Ono of tho least devoloped, but
nono tho less available resources of
Nobraska Is Its water power. There
havo been, and still aro, problems
connected with Its development that
havo not us yot been solved, but mas
ter minds aro now working along
these lines and tho Immediate future
will witness great btrldcs In tho har
nessing of this mighty force and put
ting It into proper channols. Most
streams aro affected considerably by
floods, tho cold of winter, or the
drouths of summer and until rocontly
It was not thought possible to do
velop tho power of broad streams
with sandy beds because of tho difll
culty In anchoring dams and maintain
ing canals. It is now poBslblo, how
over, to construct diversion dams and
largo canals, carrying tho wator to
high points on tho valley slopes from
which It Is dropped to low or levels,
thereby generating power under more
favorablo conditions than was pob
slblo with tho old overshot wheels.
Thoro aie over ono hundred de
voloped powora In Nebraska driving
flouring mills, lighting towns, ot
Fully 100,000 horso power awaits dc-
tlon of other problems of practical
interoat havo boon takon up.
Tho development of tho poultry,
swine, fruit nnd dairy industries havo
be on encouraged In each of thobo
linos tho btato boatd has rendored ef
ficient scnlco. To tho state horti
cultural interests tho publicity wo-k
has been of Immonso value.
It has Just been rocontly learned
that tho section of tho btato from
Omaha to Rulo and within fifty mllos
of tho Missouri river is tho best np
plo region in tho United States Crop
failures are unknown In tho fruit
SEMI - WEEKLY TRIDUNE.
volopment in tho Loup and tho near
by Platto. Tho Niobrara is a good
power stream, but Is further from n
market. Future developments in tho
stato may enhance tho power of tho
Niobrara and it will bo found equal
to any task that may bo assigned It.
Tho Loup rivers glvo a moro constant
flow thnn other streams becauso of
the fact that thoy nro fed by thou
sands of springs supplied from stor
ago In tho Sand Hill region. Tho
largo volumo nnd tho constant nnd
permanent flow of this system aro its
chief characteristics, making tho
power moro valuablo than that of oth
er streams. Tho Ulg Bluo Is develop
ed moro completely than any of tho
other rivers, although tho Little Blue
Is running scvoral plants as nro also
tho Republican and Elkhorn. Tho
power development of tho Llttlo nnd
Ulg Nomeha rivers has boon groatly
Interfered with on account of floods
In tholr basins.
It Is safo to say that at least 200,
000 horso power awaits development
In Nebraska, and that this mighty
force will bo utilized beforo many
moro years havo rolled around.
IRRIGATION.
Much Iiub been dono in tho way of
Irrigation in tho dryor portions of
Nebraska, and overy effoit In this
direction has yielded profits in big
proiwtlons. Notwithstanding tho ab
normal lack of rainfall during tho
past summer Uio Irrigated districts aro
giving splendid crops of alfalfa, wheat,
barley, ryo, oats, sugar boots, corn,
potatoes, fruit, etc., and this lu a re
gion that was formerly arid.
Thoro Is ypt much to bo accom
plished In this direction, howovcr.'Tho
possibilities of tho Republican valley
and basins of tho Lodgo Pole, Hat
Creek, White and Niobrara rivers aro
vast. Thoy could bo mado to blossom .
under tho rovhing effects of wator I
brought to thom by Irrigating. Tho
natural lay of tho laud in these sec
tions make tho problem of Irrigation
n comparatively easy one.
Tho trl-stato canal carries wator to
about G0.000 acres. Tho Inter-state,
or governmoment canal, now in course
of construction, Is to covor fully 90,-
000 acres and othor projects
water moro than 100,000 acres In thoj
North Platte. By proper manngomont
and the Impounding of tho flood wa
ters much of tho valuablo bench land I
of tho North Platto valley Is qulto
suro to bo brought under Irrigation
In tho near future. Hero tho coun
try is rapidly dovoloplng. Stock food
ing has betfomp an Important Industry.
With this general Industrial advanoo
In tho valley will como tho develop
ment of Scotts Bluff, Goring, Morrill,
Mltcliel, MInltare, Bayard, Bridge
port and many othor towns.
FRUIT.
Nebraska is naturally well suited
for fruit raising. Apples, plums, chor
rles, strawberries, etc., aro grown to
Borao extent In overy county. Cer
tain districts In tho southeast havo
gained prominence In tho raising of
apples especially. This lattor product
Is now receiving organized attention
by competent fruit growers nnd will
soon become ono of tho states most
noted resources.
FORESTS.
A llttlo over three per cent of Ne
braska 1b In forests. Tho forost of
tho Pino Ridge country of northwest
ern Nobraska occupies about COO
squaro miles. Other small areas of
plno tlmbor occur in Lodgo Pole,
North Platto and tho Nlqbrara valleys.
Tho total area of natural plno timber
is about 800 squaro miles.
Broad leaf species, such as tho Cot
tonwood, elm, ash, box elder, willow,
walnut, eic, nearly All many of tho
vallejs in tho eastern part of tho
stato. They extend along tho bluffs
of tho Missouri river and well out In
to tho Interior of tho stato. Most
farmers havo small patches of tlmbor
on their land which thoy havp planted
for shade, wind-breaks and fuel.
STONE.
Thero aro ovor twenty distinct
Ilmostono ledges In Nebraska, rang
ing from ono to tweny-flvo feet In
thickness and outcropping between
Wayno and Plattsmouth. Thoro nro
six largo quarrleB vand about two hun
dred smaller ones lu this district get
ting out this rock and nuttlm- it nn
tho market. Tho output Is usod fori
many purposes, but principally In con
crete construction. Further west In tho
stato Is a deposit of chalk rock 400
feet thick In places and which Is both
overlaid and underlaid with shale.
Theuo shale and chalk foimallons aro
well suited for tho manufacture of ce
mont, and a largo cement nlant Is
soon to bo established at Superior.
SAND AND GRAVEL.
These- are found In largo quantities
along tho various streams. Seven
teen largo clam drodgoa aro operating
along the Platto at Cedar Crook.
Loulsvlllo, Meadow, Ashland, Vailey
and Contral City. Each of thcao load
from eight to fifteen cars a day, mak
Ing a train moro than a mllo long.
Tho annual production from these
dredges and from seven hundred to
eight hundred sanu pits line a value
of over $1,000,000. Shipments are
regularly mado to bouthwestern Iowa,
line, whllo tho .marketing facilities
aro unoxocolled.
Fortunes havo boon mado In tho
applo and vinegar business. An out
cry that convulsed tho ontlro stato
followed tho statement lust fall that
sovon Nebraska countlos exported
moro applos than two of the much
heralded fruit states of tho Pacific
coast. Nebiaska imostors who were
busily paying for fruit ranchps in
Wyoming wore amazed to find that
tho apple production of that uii
wpb about tho samo as that of Da-
kota county, Nebraska.
southwoctorn Missouri nnd northern
Kansas nnd other points.
DAIRYING.
Tho climate nnd rolling pastures of
Nebraska make It an Ideal placo for
stock raising of all kinds. Especially
Is It adapted for tho dairy Industry,
nnd this fnct Is fast being discovered
The advance In this particular Indus
try has been grdator In tho past fow
MR. GEORGE W. KLINE,
Publicity Manager of Nebraska State
Board of Agriculture.
Mr. KHno has boon very helpful
with suggestions and data In our ef
forts to got up this attractlvo nnd In
structive pago. Ho Is not only ox
coedlngly woll vorscd In Nobraska's
resources, but Is a Hvo wire Ton tho
Job nil tho time.
yoars than at any othor tlmo In tho
history of tho Btato. This Is largoly
Huo to tho effoita of tho Nebraska
Darlymcn'a Association nnd Its ablo
and onorgotlc Secretary, S. C. Bassott.
The farmors throughout tho stato aro
beginning to realize moro and moro
tho Bplondld profit that can bo real
ized from a properly managed dairy
farm and nro turning tholr nttontlon
to It In cornosL
At present It boa not yet roachod
tho stago where a largo numbor of
local croumorles would bo a profit
able investment for their promoters,
but owing to tho splondld railroad
facilities throughout tho state this la
llttlo or no drawback. At present tho
croamorlos aro operated under what
is kribwn as tho ccntrallzor plan, 1, e,
tho establishment of largo creameries
at central points which aro oaslly
accessible. Under this plnn thoro is
not a railroad station nor a commer
cial contor In Nebraska In which
there Ib not a cream receiving Btatlon
whero a farmor can sell, on any busi
ness day, cream In any quantity from
ton pounds up nnd rocelvo his cash
for it. This condition makes It pos
slblo to dairy on a cash basis even
In those portions of tho stato whoro
tho cow population will avonigo less
than tliroo to tho squaro mllo. Ab
fast as conditions will Justify it, lo
cal crenmorlos will undoubtedly bo
established.
MANUFACTURING.
While not as yot especially noted
for this branch of Industry, neverthe
less Nebraska haB within her borders
at Omaha, South Omaha, Lincoln and
other poIntB manufacturing Industries
of which sho may well bo proud.
Omaha turns out manufactured pro
ducts to tho valuo of over $193,000,
000 annually. Since tho organization
of tho Nebraska Manufacturers As
sociation about a yoar ago much has
been dono to advanco tho manufac
turing Interests of tho stato. and tho
tlmo Is not far distant when sho will
tako her rightful placo with othor
Btates moro noted along thcao lines.
THE STATE OF OPTIMISTS.
Ono of tho best promises for tho
future development of Nobraska along
all Hues Is the optimism of Its people.
Full or conlldunco In their own ability
and tho natural resources of tho stato
thoy aro going steadily ahead, over
coming all obstacles that present
thomsolvos and working for n com
mon causo that of tho advancement
of tho stato thoy lovo. This Is evi
denced everywhere. In tho oltlos
prominent mon are cheorfully giving
tholr time nnd talont through tholr
various Commercial Clubs and othor
organizations to the advancement not
only of tholr respective cities, but
tho stato as n wholo. Throughout
tho smaller towns and on tho furms
tho snino spirit Is manifest.
Probably no bettor cxamplo could
bo cited than tho hearty support given
tho project advanced at tho Nebraska
Editorial Association hold this year
to "boost" Nebraska. Ovor two hun
dred editors throughout tho stato
pledged thomsolvos to Issue 1000 ox
tra copies of tholr respective papers
containing a story of Nebraska's
greatness and to mall them broadcast
ovor tho country. This Is being dono
at their own oxponse, tholr reward
being tho advancement of their state.
They were ably assisted In this move
by tho Commorclal Club of Omaha
and other public organizations.
With Biich a cltizonry as this It Is
no wonder that Nebiaska Is advanc
ing by loaps nnd bounds. Who can
forecast her future grcatnoss?
Stella, Rulo, Falls City, Auburn,
Peru, Nebraska City, Weoplng Wa
ter, Brownvlllo, Nohawka and othor
towns In that vicinity are points
from which heavy applo nnd vinegar
shipments aro sent Falls City np
plea havo mado a docldod hit In tho
Twjn Cltlos, whllo Buflalo, N. Y
shows a docldod liking for tho prod
uct of tho Cass county orchards.
Cherries, peaches, grupes, plums
und berries of all kinds uro also
grown with remarkablo success. Tho
frost probabilities uro Lirgely dis
counted by Uio hills and tho Influ
NO MORE TOTAL CROC
FAILURES IN NEBRASKA
Mr. Geo. W. Kllno, than whom
thoro Is no hotter "Booster" In tho
stato, Is convinced that tho days of
total crop failures are ovor In No
braska. In an Interesting lotter ho
says:
Nobraska has experienced her last
total crop failure aud It occurred
years ago. Drouth, hot winds, hall
and flood nro moioly local in their
scope. For now tho rosourcos of tho
stnto nro so varied nnd scattered
ovor so much territory that wholosala
failure la Impossible.
Alfalfa is ono of tho big ltoms In
the prosperity of tho Btato, according
to figures compiled by tho Stato
Board of Agriculture. It is an int
mensoly profltnblo crop; It yields
early monoy for tho growor nnd pnya
a high porccntngo of profit for tho
tlmo and monoy spent In Us culture.
Nchraskn Is the second stato In tho
union in alfalfa growing nnd is
crowding close upon Knnsns, which
stato now haB tho loadorBhlp.
A resident of tho city of Lincoln
bought n piece of land In Buffalo
county soveral years ago. Ho se
cured 300 acres Tor $2,800. Ho
planted 288 acres to alfalfa. A far
mer In tho vicinity hnrvosls It on
Bhares. LaBt yoar tho alfalfa ranch
netted tho Lincoln man, who, did not
oven go to tho scono of action dur
ing tho summer, $1,800, or a G por
cont dividend on jao.000.
To tho Hvo Btock enthusiast and
tho dairyman tho alfalfa growing
moans Increased profits. Tho crop Is
reasonably certain. In tho drouth
sections this year tho oarly cuttings
wore heavy nnd tho lost crop, matur
ed during tho dry wonthor, was al
lowed to seed, as It Is woll' known
that seed matured under drouth cou
ditloitB is most valuablo.
Farm oxportB, nftor Inspecting tho
dry counties of tho South Platto
country, estimate that tho stingo Is
woith $715,000,000. Tho cornstalks,
properly honostcd and put Into tho
silo, would bo worth this amount to
tho fanners. It would lot thom mar
ket tholr grain nnd keep tholr live
stock. Every offort haB been mado
to glvo this theory publicity.
"Save tho corn crop with tho silo,"
urged ono of tho dairy exports of
tho state. "With caro and caution
tho entlro forngo crop can bo saved.
"Thero will cortalnly bo a largo
amount of dnmagod corn in all pnrtr
of tho stato. So mo sections suffered
worse than othors, but tho gonoral
result will bo a decreasod yield ot ,
grain. This, under usual conditions,
would causo a Bhortago of stock
food and exert n depressing offoct on
tho cattle situation. Practlcnlly, it
need not do so nt all.
"Tho damaged corn will make flno
eiiBllago and will tako tho placo ot
woll cured hay and grain. Tho hay
crop has been good and tho prlco will
bo tempting. Beforo tho wlntor la
ovor grain will bo high priced. With
a llttlo forethought and mental cal
culation it will bo posslblo to roa
llzo moro from tho silage this year
than from a good yield of corn undor
ordinary conditions.
"NcbrnBka cannot afford to sacri
fice cattlo becauso of a slight yield
of corn In tho grain. Thoro is al
ready a shortago of Hvo stock. All
animals should be kept for brooding
or finished in a fattened condition.
Thoro Is plenty of forngo in sight to
food liberally and well nil tho Hvo
stock within the state.
"It Is necessary to savo tho forago
and tho farmers who havo not suffic
ient stock to feed will find it advls
ablo to feed their neighbor's, or pick
up In tho markotB sufficient stock to
coiiBiimo tho stingo thoy put up.
"As to tho quality ot tho sllago
mndo from tho damaged corn thero Is
llttlo data, but all that Is uvallablo
points to tho fact that It will mako
oxcollont feed nnd, though not qulto ,
as good as tho normal corn, Is val-
uablo for focdlng becauEo of Its high
por cent of dry matter nnd low por
cont of water. Much of tho nutri
ment which goes to make tho grain
Is now latent In tho stalk ana leaves.
TIiIh can bo preserved If put Into tho'
alio beforo it tuniB entirely dry or
Is killed by frost."
In Knusas and In other states pit
Bllos havo boon rccommonded, Farm
oxportB, however, look with criticism
on tho pit silo and recommend It
only when othor kinds of silos can
not bo secured. A considorablo
amount of tho silage rots whllo tho
task of getting tho sllngo up out of
tho pit Is an unpleasant ono.
Cattlo feeding tests at tho stato
farm last spring proved conclusively
that corn Bllngo waB a valuablo Itom
In the economical fattening of cat
tlo. Tho explanations of tho tosto
were mudo In tho presenco of about
a hundred of tho leading Hvo slock
feeders of tho stnto.
So It has been demonstrated that
thoro Is at least $75,000,000 in pos
slblo wealth In the corn floIdB which
havo been classed as damaged by dry
weather.
ence of tho Missouri river. Tho en
terprising orchardlst morely looks
for sciub oak or hazel brush. Suca
land, generally given ovor to pas
ture, will produco more applos with
less cxrense to tho groser thai, will
a couplo of acres of high priced ir
rigated laud uljnoat two thousand
miles farthor from tho markets of
tho world.
' 111 tho fnll of 1913 tho nnnln rrnn
Ib an enormous factor. Tho wheat
orop oxoooded blxty million bushels.
Thero wore two million cattlo ou th
farms and ranches of Nebraska.
