THE NORTH PLATTE 8EMI-WEEKLY TRIBUNE.
$$s
OLD WEBSTER HOI
IMPROVE BY TOP-WORKING FRUIT TREES
GOOD
What Is Con-
it
YOU WIN
39
W-'
version?
Dy REV. H.W.POPE
Superintrndtnt cf Men
Moody BiLU loiUtule. Chicago
TEXT "Kxcept yo bo converted and
Wome us Uttlo children, ye shall not
outer Into the kingdom of heaven."
Lot us consider
first soino things
which aro not
conversion, but
which nro often
mistaken for it.
To Improve
one's Ufa is not
conversion. It Is
a common opinion
that if ono will
drop all bnd hab
its and cultivate
good ones, read
the Bible and' go
to church, ho can
make himself n
Christian in a
short time. This
is a mistake. The
Christian Hfo Is
not simply an Im
provement of the old life, but a dif
ferent kind of a Hfo altogether, name
ly, a Hfo of obedience to Christ. Sup
pose you had a sour apple treo which
you wished to convert into a sweet
apple tree. What would you do?
"Would you dig about it and prune, it
und acrapo the bark? No, indeed. A
liundreh years of such Improvement
would not mako tho treo bear sweet
apples, but the Introduction of a graft
from a sweet applo tree would do It
very quickly. Even so n lifetime
spent in improving ono's habits does
not make one a Christian, but tho en
trance of Jesus Christ into the heart
by the surrender of tho will, will do ll
In a moment. People do not become
Christians by improving their Hfo,
but by accepting Jesus Christ. "Ho
.that hath tho Son hath Hfo; and he
that hath not tho Son of God bath not
life." (I John 5:12.)
What Is Converclon7
The word convert means to "turn
about." As npplled to spiritual things,
it means a turning of the soul unto
God. "All wo llko sheop hnvo gone
astray; we havo turned every ono to
Ills own way." The real essonco of
sin Is this, that the sinner Is de
termined to have his own way. It may
not be the worst way in tho world. It
may not bo an immoral way, or a vi
cious way, but it is his way and not
God's way, which ho ought to follow.
Tho only course for tho sinner to
pursuo is to turn nbout, to abandon
his way, and to accept God's way.
"Let tho wicked forsake his way, and
the unrighteous man his thoughts, and
let him return unto tho Lord, and ho
will have mercy upon him." Conver
sion, then, is a turning of the soul
unto God, a surrender of the will to
tho divine will, an acceptancq of
Jesus Christ as our Lord and Master.
When the sinner, realizing tho folly
of further resistance, finally surren
ders his will to the Lord Jesus, then
occurs a great change. God forgives
bis sins, and so changes his heart that
henceforth he loves God's wny better
than his own way. "A new heart will
I give you, and a new spirit will I put
within you And I will put my spirit
within you, and cause you to walk" in
my statutes" (Ezelc. 3G:2C, 27). Tho
sinner no longer has a controvery
with God. The great question of life
is settled, and henceforth his aim is
to know and do the will of God.
Influences Leading to Conversion.
Tho Word of God Is a very effective
agency. It is like a mirror In which
tho sinner sees himself as he really is.
That is why Christ bids us preach
tho gospel to every creature because
there is life in it. "The Word of God
Is alive, and powerful, and sharper
than any two-edged sword." Ono can
hardly read tho Iilblo continuously
and not bo made to realize that he Is
a sinner and need a Savior.
On ono occasion a man said to
, mo: "From the preaching which I
heard In my boyhood I was led tp'sup
pose that when one became a Chris
tlon, it was necessary for him to go
through somo extraordinary process
called a change of heart, or regenera
tion. This book which you have loan
ed me, teaches that what Is required
Is simply a chango of purpose. Now
will you please tell mo which is right
nnd which is wrong?" I replied:
"They aro both right; you could not
change your heart if you should try;
you could not mako It lovo what it
naturally hated, could you?" "No, I
suppose not," he said. "Hut you could
chnngo our purpose, could you not?
You could decide henceforth to obey
tho Lord Jesus?" "Certainly," ho re
plied. "Well," said I. "If you will
change your purpose and accept Christ
ns your Savior, God will chango your
hoart and cause you to lovCwhat once
you hated,, and to hato what onco you
loved " "is that all there Is to it?"
said ho. "Certainly." I roplled lie
lost no time In accepting Christ and
God gavo him a now heart.
"Now Is the accepted time; now Is
the day of salvation." If you say, "I
want more tlmo to think nbout it," I
answer. "What will you gain by wait
ing? What have you gainod by wait
ing already? No, friend, what you
need is not tlmo but decision. You
know that you nro a slnnor, and that
Christ Is tho only one who can savo
you. Tho simple question Is, "Will
you accept hlin as your Savior?" God
expects you to do It, commands you to
do It, and If It la over done, you aro
tho one who must do It.
Heavy Bearing Treo
In a most interesting and instruc
tive treatise on top grafting fruit
trees, Prof. O. B. Whipple, of tho
Colorado experiment station, says it
Is becoming more and more apparent
that certain localities and soils are
peculiarly adapted to growing partic
ular kinds and even varieties of fruit.
Commercial fruit-growing localities
are making their reputation by being
able to grow their few varieties well.
Thero comes a tlmo then when tho
grower will have to solvo tho prob
lem as to what to do with tho undo
slrablo varieties. Shall ho pull them
out or graft them over to better varie
ties? It has been proven by long experi
ence that if properly done tho graft
ing over of old trees by top working
brings quicker returns than tho re
planting of young trees. In fact, It
is not uncommon to sea a fairly good
crop on tho three-year-old top of a top
worked tree.
Trees properly worked over glvo
crops which are sometimes more de
sirable than trees of tho same variety
grown from first class nursory stock.
Top working, as a means of estab
lishing a weak-growing variety on a
stronger root systcm than its own
Is now coming -into favor. For in
stance, tho Rome Beauty, when on Its
own roots, is on the best soil an in
different grower, but when worked on
some strong-growing stump it makes
a very satisfactory tree.
The practlco of grafting is not a
mysterious art as many suppose, but
Is so simple that any careful or
chardlst can and should do it himself.
All common fruit trees can easily be
budded or grafted.
The apple and pear may bo Inter
grafted upon each other and this is
true of the peach, plum, apricot and
almond. However, such wholesale
mixing is not good in practice, and the
pear and apple never mako a good
union.
Peach grafts start vigorously upon
nprlcots and plums upon tho peach
trees. Professor Whipple says ho has
seen plum trees top-worked to peach
trees with perfect unions and tho ten-year-old
tops bearing excellent crops.
Growth In diameter of" the treo only
takes placo In a very small region
between tho bark and tho sap wood.
This part of tho stem Is called tho
cambium and in this thin layer of
tissue the cells aro still activo whllo
tho activity of each succeeding layer
on each side grow3 less and less.
Tho Important point In graftlug is
to boo that the cambium layers of
tho stock and tho clon aro matched
at somo point. When tho growth Is
active we say tho bark "peels." Bud
ding Is dono during this period, not
only becauso tho easo with which tho
bark separates from tho wood slnipli
lies the work of Inserting tho bud, but
as tho growth Is more active the tis
sues of the bud and tho stock aro
moro likely to unite
It does not pay to graft trees which
show poor growth, and it seldom pays
to top work any crab. It Is also ques
tionable as to whether It pays to top
work stono fruits. While good tops
may bo grown on either peach; apricot
or almond, It la doubtful whether
theso crops will hoar much quicker
returns than young trees set in the
placo of tho old ones.
Thero aro various methods of graft
oge, the most common In the west be
ing cloft and curf grafting. These
operations aro slrnplo and aro known
to most orchadlsts.
In cloft grafting, tho, limb Is sawed
off squarely, tho stub split down about
two inches with the grafting chlsol
and tho cleft is wedged open with
tho wedgo on tho back of a knlfo and
tho clon Inserted as a wedgo.
The first bud should bo left a little
below tho top of tho wedge, cutting
tho edgo of the wedgo opposite the
Ready for Pickers.
bud a lijtlo thinner than tho other.
ITho clon is then driven firmly Into
place with the lower bud to bo outsido
and a llttlo below tho top of tho
cloft.
It is important that the inner bark
on tho outer edgo of tho wedgo
should bo brought In contact with tho
inner bark on tho stub. It Is between
these parts that tho union takes placo.
Kerf grafting is almost tho same as
cleft grafting only tho stub Is pre
pared by saw cuts instead of splitting.
Theso nro made on opposite sides of
tho stub, and trimmed to thin V-Bhapcd
grooves with n saddler'B knife, tho
clon is then trimmed to fit, driven
firmly into placo and waxed as in cleft
grafting.
It is not good practlco to removo
tho wholo top of tho treo tho first
year and grafti all tho stubs. Often
this proves toomuch for tho treo and
it fails evon after tho grafts havo
mado a good start. They may linger
two or three years and then die.
A better plan Ib to cut away only
enough limbs to set clou for a good
top, generally about half of the tree.
Working of moro stubs results Into
dense top, or, necessitates their re
moval later.
Tho remaining HmbB may bo uhort
cned, but somo follago is needed to
protect tho stubs and trunk from sun
scald as well as to supply nourish
ment. Budding Is another method of put
ting a now top on young treo. Tho
buds aro generally set from Blx to
twelvo lnclieB from tho main stem, de
pending on tho formation of tho head
Two-yenr-old trees may bo budded tho
following fall.
As any stem as largo ns a lead
pencil may be budded qulto easily.
Buds may bo set during tho month
of July, August and Soptomber. Fall
budding should generaly be given tho
preference over spring budding. In
fall budding tho buds aro taken from
tho current year's growth and these
may bo inserted in the wood of one,
two or threo yenr's growth.
Heavier bark makes tho Insertion of
the buds difficult.
Placo tho bud on tho shady side of
the stock. A T-shaped incision is
mado in the bark and the corners of
tho bark below tho transverscd cut
raised to facllltato starting tho bud
Tho bud Js then cut from tho bud
stick by starting tho knlfq half an
Inch below tho bud, cutting under and
about tho same distance abovo. Tho
cut. should bo deep enough to leave
a small shield of wood.
The bud la then shipped into placo
and well wrapped with raflln or soft
wrapping twlno, and this wrapping
should be cut when tho bud lias united
with the stock, which Is usually with
in ten days or two weeks.
Care mudt bo observed that tho
wrapping does not cut Into tho bark
as too much pressure interferes with
tho flow of sap and tends to throw
tho bud Into premature gtowth.
Tho buds set in August and Sep
tember should remain dormant over
winter and tho following spring, as
soon as the buds on tho top of tho
stock begin to push out, the original
top of tho stock la cut away.
Vegetable Garden.
Farmers and fruit growers who aro
troubled to mako ends meet, will find
that eery day's work put into tho
garden to tho extent of providing a
full bupply of choice vegetables for
! tho table, the year round, will lm
i prove the appearanco of tho balance
i sheet at tho end of tho year.
Prevent Burotlng Heads.
Cabbago heads may bo provented
from bursting by giving tho stalks a
I Jerk sufficient to break some of tho
roots nnd disturb tho root system.
This retards development.
ROADS
PAVED STREETS IN 2000 B. C.
Babylon, Carthage and Other Ancient
Cities Took Much Interest In
Building Good Roads.
When or whoro tho first road was
built is not known. Herodotus speaks
of a groat Egyptian road on which
King Cheops omployod 100.000 mon
for ten years. According to tho his
torian, this rond was built of mass
Ivo stono blocks ten foot deep, nnd
lined on both sides with temples, mau
soleums, porticos and statues. Tho
streets of Babylon aro said to havo
been paved as early as 2Q00 B. C,
and several well surfacod roads radi
ated to neighboring cities. Carthage,
beforo its fall, -was tho center of a
highly dovelopod road syBtom. Tho
ancient Boruvlana had' a wonderful
system of national ronds connecting
all tho principal parts of their em
pire. Bridges wore nlso built by tho an
cients nt a vory early date. Tho Eu
phrates, nt Bebylon, was crossed by a
Btono brldgo prior to 2000 B. C. and
it Is known that tho Chinese built
bridges as public works ns oaily as
21)00 B. C. says tho Good Roads Year
Book.
Tho first definite nnd fully authen
tic information concerning tho system
atic construction nud mulntonanco
of permanent roada comes to us
from the Romnus. It is generally
understood that the Romans learned
tho art of road building from tho
Cnrthagcnlans. Howover, tho con
struction of tholr groat road was as
perfect as that of any of their later
ones,
Tho first of tho great Roman roads
was from Romo to Cupua, a distance
of 142 Italian miles, and wns begun by
Appius Claudius, about 312 B. C.
It was known as tho Applan Wny
or "Queen of Roads." ThlB road waa
later extended to Brundlslum, u total
of 3C0 miles, and wns probably com
pleted by Julius Caesar. About 220 J
B. C. tho Flainlninu Wny was built.
It crossed tho Nnr river on a stono
bridgo which had a central span of
150 feet with a rUo of 100 feot. When
Romo reached tho height of her glory,
under tho reign of Augustus, no less
than 20 great military ronds radiated
from tho city. Theso roads extended
to ovory part of tho vast empire, and
aro estimated to havo a total length
of 50,000 miles.
Tim. Homnn construction was In
gonoral extromely massive. Tho Ap
plan Way Is said to havo been In good
repair 800 years after it was built.
On a carefully prepared subgrndo
wero placed four successive courses
of layers, tho rodus or sccoud courso,
the nucleus or third courso nnd tho
pavimontum or wearing surface Tho
top and bottom courses consisted in
gonoral of lnrgo flat atone3, whllo tho
two intervening courso wero built of
smaller stones or other suitable ma
terial laid in Umo mortar.
With tho fall of tho Roman omplre
tho roada woro neglected nnd gradual
ly foil into decay, bo that today but
llttlo more thnn n traco remains of
theso splendid achievements.
LIMIT FOR TIRES AND LOADS
Chairman Dlehl of National Roads
Board, Favors Highway Conven
tion of State Commissioners.
A meeting of leading state highway
commissioners and tho manufacturers
of horse-drawn wagons and motor
driven trucks, Is tho suggestion of
Chairman George C. DIohl of tho A.
A. A. Nntlonal Good Roads board, to
consider legislation governing tho
width of tires and tho weight of
loads.
"Many states hnvo enacted laws to
rcguluto tho width of Urea, but thero
has not been strict enforcement of
theso regulations," says Chairman
Dlehl. "Nrirrow tires, especially dur
ing tho wet season, form ruts in im
proved roads, and in many Instances
where tho roads aro weak, break
through tho surface, cauBlug rapid de
struction of tho highway.
"Ono great difficulty In enforcing
wide-tiro ordinances with horso-drnwn
vehiclea has been that whllo less trac
tion is required with wldo tires, pn
slippery clay or hilly roads, It Is very
difficult In wet weathoi to mnnngo u
horse-drawn veuiclo "fvlth wldo tires,
owing to Its tendency to skid and
slldo Into the ditches.
"Equal, If not greater damage, can
bo dono to the highway with tires of
Insufficient width on motor trucks.
There Is no ctato where wide-tiro ordi
nances are drawn which relate to both
horso-drawn- and motor-driven ve
hicles, or whero a scientific attempt
has been mado to prepare such ordi
nances or whero a strict enforcement
is had.
"It la also entirely practicable and
reasonable that tho weight of loads
should bo limited, as tho btidges,
which form an Integral part of tho
highway, aro not, In a great major
ity of cases, sufficiently strong to
carry weights which aro bocomlng
moro and moro excessive."
Autoo In New York.
The total miloago mndo by automs
biles on Now York state roads In a
year ia estimated at 100,000,000 mllea.
Means Better Highways.
Uso tho King road drag aftor ovory
hard rain. Powlstenco In tho uso of
this dovlco means bettor highways.
Farmhouse Where Statesman
Was Born Is Restored.
New Hampshire Building Behabtltted
and Made to Look as It Did In
Eighteenth Century To Cele
brate Change August 28.
Philadelphia. Tlio ancient Now
Hnmpshlro fnrmhouso in which Dan
lol Webster was born has been roset
on Its old foundations and restored
to look as.it did In tho eighteenth cen
tury when Wobstor waa a smnll boy,
and preparations havo been mndo to
colebrato Its rehabilitation. It Is lo
cated in tho town of Franklin nnd tho
colobrntlon will tnko placo August 28,
says a Franklin (N. II.) dispatch to
tho Philadelphia Record.
It is expected that Prosldont Wilson
will attend and deliver an address.
Birthplace of Daniel Webster.
I
Samuel W. McCall, former congress
man from Massachusetts, who was tho
principal speakor at tho ono hundredth
anniversary of Wobstor's graduation
from Dartmouth college, will speak.
Governor Felkor of Now Hnnipshlro
and govornors of othcV stntcB will at
tend. Thero will bo an address by a
representative of Dnrtmouth.
Whon n group of Now Hnmpshlro
citizens formed tho Daniel Wobstor
Blrthplnco association ,tho legislature
appropriated $1,500 for tho work. Oth
er funds woro derived from member
ship fees nnd donations. Tho associa
tion purchased tho old Wobstor farm
of 130 ncros for about $1,800. Only n
part of tho old houso wtiB thero and
it had to bo moved from tho orlglnnl
foundations. Nobody seomod to ro
member JuBt whero It had Btood, but
caroful Bearch discovered tho stones
on which It had rostod boforo. Tho
collar had been filled In, but on being
excavated tho plan of tho original
houso stood rovealed.
Thero woro also somo skotches that
Wobstor himself hnd which showed
how tho old homo had looked,
Wherever posBlblo tho original mate
rial was used. Somo clapboards from
tho old barn, nearly is vcnerablo as
tho houso itself, woro utilized. In a
fow cases whoro now material hnd
to bo used wood stains gavo It tho ap
pearanco of ago. Tho restoration of
tho old firoplaco was simplified by tho
discovery of a pllo of chimney bricks
In a corner of tho cellar the Identical
bricks that had formed tho old chim
ney. They woro all numbered, aa was
tho custom In those days.
Tho firoplaco Is In tho combination
kitchen nnd dining room and living
room nnd ia ono of tho two principal
rooms of the houso. Among tho chim
ney brick wero found many other old
domestic articles buried, nmftng thorn
tho staves and tho bottom of tho buck
et which originally -hung In tho well.
This well, too, hns boon restored, with
its old fashioned sweep,
Tho blrthplnco nssoclatlon oxpects
to havo a caretukor who will IIvo on
tho placo und havo tho doublo duty of
working tho farm nnd guarding tho
old cabin against curio hunters.
Tho sito is throo mlloB from tho con
tor of Franklin, has no immcdlato
neighbors, and in practically isolated.
It is anid that when Daniol Wobstor
wns born, in 1782, this clearing and
Iiousoa stood fnrthor north than any
other in Now Hnmpshlro.
Tho association will try to ralBo an
endowment of $20,000 to provide for
tho perpetual caro of tho old fnrm.
LENGTHY SLEEP KILLS PAIN
Miss Evans Apparently Cured of Neu
ralgia After Long Porlod of
Insomnia.
New Orleans, La. Ono of tho moat
remarkable cases on record In the
Charity hospital waa ono that devel
oped lu Mlsa Hattlo Evans, aged fifty
five. Doctors tried to put her to Bleep
after sho had boen awako for days
nnd nights, and whon they finally suc
ceeded thoy could not nwakon her for
fivo days and nights.
Sovernl weeks ago sho wns brought
to tho hospital buffering from nuernl
gin. Tho doctors asked hor how sho
routed,
"I don't sleep nt night, much less in
the day, and I am not tired or sleepy,
cither," sho replied.
Tho treatment was changed and
sho expreased rollof. Soon nftorward
alio began to compluln of bolng tired.
Ono night whllo tho nurao was pass
ing through tho room sho heard thu
patlont i) no ring. Sho slept nil that
night and all tho noxt day. Fivo
nights and days elapsed boforo she
could bo awakened. Now sho Is rid
of her nouralglu.
when the "appetite is
normal and you are
able to eat without dis
tress; but how quickly
you go ''down to de
feat" when the "inner
man" becomes weak.
Play safe, and at the
first sign of trouble
you had better take
Hosteller's
Stomach Bikers
It will help you con
tinue to be a "winner."
DON'T UK 11A1UY. Don't 10 fussy It l
iny to get rlil of superfluous lialr on any
part of tho body by using I'ulchelno the
lleautltler Itcmovrs hnlr Ilka manic Neat
trentment In the Innd Full treatment will
bo sent with directions for uslnit by Turcot
Pout fur 50c MT. I'ltlNCHTON Hl'KriAI.TY
CO., lll'KNA IhTA, COLORADO. NKUIAIa
NO. 02B.
Food Strike.
Mrs. Gotham Wo novor hnd n hun
ger strlko In this country, I guess.
Mrs. FlntbuBh Didn't wo? Weren't
you evor nppronehed at tho back door
by any of thoso hungry tramps for
food?
Proving It.
"Mon aro worth much moro than
womon."
"No Buch thing!"
"Yos, thoy nro. Husbands aro not
easy to got nlwnys, but brldos nro Just
given uway." Hnltlmoro American.
Extrem'ely Modest.
"Rather a modest, rotirlug fellow In
a crowd, Isn't ho?"
"Yop. Protty modost. Reminds mo
n wholo lot of n governor on a stato
occasion surrounded by his staff of
colonola In uniform." SL LouIb Ro
publlc. Important to Mothors
Exnmlno carefully ovory botUo of
OASTORIA, a saf o and suro remedy for
infants nnd children, and ooo that It
T1rnrn thn
Signature of L&zAftrMJk&X
In TJbo For Over 30 Years, i
Children Cry for Flotchor'a Castoria
Know Him?
"Why does Noknob wear that uni
form?" "Ho's a bcouL"
"What kind?"
"A good old."
Mistake 8omcwhere.
"Wlmt'B this Jar of cream chooso
doing on my deBk?"
"I thought that Jar belonged on your
desk. Geo whiz! I muBt hnvo spread
tho sandwichos last night with pasto."
Specialist.
"Officer," said tho Now York citi
zen, "thero's a burglar in my houso."
"I ain't got nothing to do with burg
IurB," responded tho pollcoman. "I'm
on tho traffic squad."
Backache Warns You
Backache is ono of Nature's warnings
of kidney weakness. Kidney disease
kills thousands overy year.
Don't neglect a bad back. If your back
Is lame if it hurts to' stoop or lift if
thero is irregularity of the secretions
suspect your kidneys. If you suffer head
aches, dizziness and aro tired, nervous
and worn-out, you have further proof.
Uso Doan's Kidney Pills, n fmo rem
edy for bad backs and weak kidneys.
A Texna Cnso
Mrs. II. P. Den-
"Etvri
J'trtun
Morv."
on, Andorson
Ave. Houston,
Texas, says: "Two
operations failed
to relieve my kid
ney trouble. I
liaa hemorrhages
of the kidneys and
pnised pure blood.
The pain nnd suf
fering In my baclc
was terrible. I
was nothing but
skin and bones.
When I had ulvcn
up hope, Doan's
Kidney Tills cumu
to my rescue nnd
cured me. Today
I am In bettor
health than over
bofore "
Gat Doan's t Any Store, EOe a Bos
DOAN'SkpZe9y
FOSTER-MILUUHN CO., BUFFALO, N. Y.
Make the Liver
Do its Duty
Nine times in ten when the liver is
right the stomach and bowels are right.
CARTER'S LITTLE
LIVER PILLS
gently butfirmly com
pel a lazy liver
do its duty.
Cures Con
stipation, In
digestion,
Sick
Headache,
and Distress After Eating.
SMALL PILL, SMALL DOSE, SMALL PRICE.
Genuine must bear Signature
Nebraska Directory
HOTEL
Omaha, Nebraska
EUROPEAN PI AH
Koomu from Jl.UO up single, 75 cents up double.
CAFE PRICES REASONABLE
WS&
yjMi-H A
mur "
t0,aCARTER'S
MEWrum BBITTLE
AHmr BIVtK
AJUssgiyssu BBHlLLb.