NOTES f ROM
MEADOWBROOK
fAI?A C
WillmDUl- V . 7
iiiuiii r in
iIiiMIIMilii
Level roosts arc best.
Do not starvo your hens.
Regularity In feeding la needed.
Fit tho young colta with cotton col
lars. Lead the cow Instead of letting her
lead you.
i
Drainage Is a necessary foundation
for a good road.
Variety koeps tho cow's appetite, in
the best condition.
Pure wator Is essential to puro but
ter and proUtable-beef.
Duck raisers pack forty dressed
ducklings in a barrel for shipment.
Unfertilized eggs keep best, and salt
Is tho bast material to pack them In.
The man who goeB into dairying for
a year or two had better Btay out
of it.
All tho de'ad limbs from trees in the
orchard should go Into the brush heap
or woodshed.
A breeding pen of chickens is usu
ally made up of from six to fourteen
females and a male.
A malo bird less than a year old
Is known as a cockerel. When over
a year old It Is a cock,
i
To prevent rabbits from gnawing
tho bark nnd limbs from small apple
trees spray with soapsuds.
The mule from a high strung dam
is much more likely to bo a kicker
than one from a draft mare.
When tho hogs have free access to
salt there is little danger of their eat
ing enough to injure themselves.
Cramming is a system of forcing
feed into young fowlB, either by hand
or machine, so as to put on extra
flesh.
Mustard planted between the cab
bage plants nttracts tho harlequin
bugs and they can then bo captured
and killed.
Thoro are about a dozen different
breeds of dairy cows, and tho best Is
the kind that should suit you the
best of all.
A good way to' salt the cow Is to
keep a plentiful supply before her
and trust to her judgment (u uBlng
what she needs.
Light framed birds that mature
quickly, such as Leghorns and Minor
cas, should not be kept with those of
tho heavier fowls.
A disinfectant should bo used in the
barn from time to time. Remembor
that cleaning the Btables means more
-now than it used to.
A few gallons of paint would not
bo expensive, but If It wero rightly
applied It would add a great deal to
the valuo of tho placo.
The first cutting of alfalfa Is the
coarsest and contalus, so far us data
Indicates, less dlgostlblo nutrients than
any of tho following cuttings.
Driving a wodgo with the back of
tho ax has spoiled many a good tool.
Take a maul or beetlo to do that work,
and save tho ax for Its own work.
Tho calves should bo fed regularly
and thoy should havo good clean pure
feed in clean palls and boxes. Ignor
ing these points will account for much
calf mortality.
It is estimated that laying Pekln
ducks requlro from two-thirds to
three-fourths of a quart of food per
day for each duck, or frorn C6 to 75
quarts per 100 ducks.
Keep over a fow of tho best ewes
of your own breeding each year, even
though thoy are not so good as you
might buy. It will mako your flock
more uniform all tho timo.
If tho cream does not come nfter
long churning, give It a thorough
warming, heating It up to moro than
tho right churning temperature. Then
sot It away to cool, and when It reach
es tho right point, try it again.
Millet seed Is an exccllont egg pro
ducing grain. Deans being highly ni
trogenous aro equally beneficial. Sor
ghum and broomcorn seeds will do
to add variety to tho bill of fnre. Bar
ley Is about of tho same merit. Pop
corn contains moro nitrogen and phos
phate than does regular Indian corn.
Buckwheat Is an egg producing food,
but must bo fed sparingly, as it is
overfattening.
.SK
4-S5
Never feed dusty feed.
Tho poultry Industry is growing.
Green feed for hens Is essential.
Conquer tho kicking cow with kind
ness. Put the silo on tho wnrm side of tho
barn,
A little froBt will not hurt cauliflower.
Lack of exercise is 'excellent to
mako fowls sick.
Sllago fed cows aro nover attacked
by the cornstalk disease
An occasional soaking In brlno will
keep tho wooden churn sweet.
An ordinary cow voids about 30
tons of liquid and solid manure n year.
The man with four or moro cows
doesn't save money by not buying a
separator.
Plenty of sunlight In tho calf stable
makeB for health and quick growth In
the youngstors.
Tho dairyman who has alfalfa hay
to feed needs less grain than the man
feeding other hays.
A poulardo Is a pullot deprived of
tho power of producing eggs, with tho
object of grcnt slzo.
Avoid tho mistakes mado last
spring, and mako good uso of the
things learned last year.
Other things being equal, tho sepa
rator on a solid and lovol foundation
will give the longest sorvloo.
There is no animal that responds
moro quickly or moro profitably to
good treatment than tho pig.
Cherry trees aro entirely freo from
diseases, on which account nursery
men llko to handle them most.
A simple system of bookkeeping
maintained throughout tho year will
bo both helpful and satisfying.
Throwing manuro out of tho stable
against tho posts of the basement will
surely cause thom to rot. Don't do it.
Tho male chicken Is a cock, tho
mado goose a gander, tho malo duck a
drake, and tho male turkey a torn or
gobbler.
There should bo enough ventilation
In every hen house to do away with
the, dampness caused by tho fowls'
breathing.
Every farmer with a number of
cows should havo a clean, sanitary
milk house, well supplied with good
cold water.
When hay" contains quantities of
quack and other foul seed tho com
posting of the manure is a necessary
precaution.
Corn is the best crop to plant on
new land, as the constant working
will put the ground In good order for
seeding in the fall.
Save all tho small potatoes to uso
with the mixed food later on. Thoy
will prove a very beneficial addition
to tho warm mash.
The best profits in dairying come
from tho best farms and herd. It
takefe more than a good creamery to
make a largo milk check.
AH the growth and thrift that can ho
encouraged und maintained during tho
llrst year of a colt's llfo insure a
stronger and a better horse.
If tho Incubator Is to bo used In
hatching chicks, look It over and sco
that everything about it is In proper
shape before starting tho heat.
Are there not some placcB about tho
farm whore evergreens ought to bo
planted? They make a splendid
windbreak aUout the nam and yards.
Before setting a hen It Is well
to thoroughly clean tho nest and
then lay pleco of cardboard, 'soaked
In kerosene In tho bottom of the
nest.
The kind of separator one uses Is
of less Importance than tho kind of
care given tho machine. It Is of course
taken for grr.nted that you havo an
efficient skimmer.
Boston now claims to possess a real
Venus. With beauty and hralriB cor
nered, the staid center or Intellect and
culture will soon challenge Paris for
the stylo championship.
I i eacn wiu uoy inai inure is just as
much opportunity to uso his brains
on tho farm as In any other work
and the chances are he will be moro
willing to stay with you.
Present Indications aro that hog
prices will mako another fight within
tho next five or six months. This
ought to bo a good tlmo to get a
bunch of shoats together and feed
them skim-milk.
Whtlo plenty of roughness of tho
ordinary kind doos not add much rich
ness to tho ration In theory, in prnc
tlco It is worth considerable. Cows
like the stuff themselves with some
thing after having had their meal of
concentrated feed. If thoy cannot do
this they fall down in tho milking
supply.
Will
FOOD VALUE OF' MANY EGGS
Though Nearly Half Water, Their
Contents Are Extremely Nutritious
Comparison With Meat.
Many porsona. often ask what an
egg Is mado of, but strango to say
few. over find out to their entlro satis
faction. A test nt tho department ol
agriculture shows that the whlto of an
egg Is nearly sovon-elghths water, the
balanco being noarly puro albumen
Tho yolk Is slightly Iosb than ono-hnlt
water. This Is truo of tho eggs ol
chickens, turkeys, ducks and geese. In
comparing tho eggs of theso various
birds tho department of agriculture
quotes tho following figures:
Hon eggs, GO per cent, wator, 16
per cent, protein, 3G per cent, fat
Gooeo eggs, 44 por cent, water, 19
por cent, protein, 36 per cent. fat.
Duck eggs, 46 per cent, wnter, 17
per cent, protein, 36 per cent, fat,
Turkey eggs, 4S por cent, water, 18
por cent, protein, 33 per cent, fat
Of course, farmers understand that
protein goes to make muscle and
blood, whllo fnt Is fuel for running the
machinery of tho body. Thus it will
bo seen that eggs, though hnlf or near
ly half wator, aro oxtremely nutritious,
containing all tho elements required
for the building and support of tho
body. Thero is no truth, however, in
tho old Baying that an egg contains
as much nutriment as a pound of
stenk. Ittwould bo nearer correct to
estimate a pound of eggs as being
equal to a pound of lean steak in nu
tritious value.
MAKE PERCHES MITE-PROOF
Made of 2x4 Stuff, There Is No Place
for Little Insects to Hide
Kerosene Does Work.
Tho simplest constructed perch we
can get, if It gives satisfaction should
be the ono to build. Thero Is no
placo for tho mites to hide, oven,
should thoy. get on theso perches. The
perches aro mado of 2x4 stuff with
ono edge rounded, tho pieces that
form tho support for tho perches are
of tho samo material as tho perches,
alBo that of tho legs, which aro ono
foot long, which makes the perches
18 Inches from tho floor. Sufficiently
high for convenience and not so high
that when fowls Jump from thorn,
Mite-Proof Perches.
they will brulBo their feet, causlnj
"Bumble-foot," broken legs or breasl
bones. Tho legs should fit the cans
loosely so that In rumovlng them tc
facilitate cleaning out tho droppings
tho cans will not bo overturned. The
enns Bhould contain an inch or twe
of kerosene or coal oil nt all times
and thero Is no possible chance of any
mites, big or little, getting by.
INDUSTRIOUS HEN LAYS EGGS
Fowl Should Not Be Compelled to Re
main Idle by Being Cooped Up
In Filthy Quarters.
Tho hen Is naturally Industrious
and sho should not bo compelled to
romnln Idle by being cooped up In
dark, filthy quarters, where drafts
aro prevalent, the floor without some
good litter nnd surroundings other
wise unhealthy. Rather encourage
her to work by providing her with
good, comfortable quarters.
Construct a good scratch shed, bill
If this bo Impossible then construct
a dropping board under tho roosts and
placo tho llttor upon tho lloor of the
coop. Permit nil tho light possible
Scnttor the grain food In the litter
nnd let old biddy scratch for it to hot
hoart's content.
Avoid feedfng moldy fdod nnd pro
eldo drinking water In plenty. During
the bitter cold weather slightly warm
tho wator for the convenience of tho
fowls. Remember, tho working hen Is
tho one that will shell out tho eggs
whllo the ldlo ono will not lay.
Varieties of Ducks.
Today wo havo 11 acknowledged
vnrle,tles of ducks, viz.: Pekln, Ayles
bury, Rouen, Indian Runner, Crested
Whlto, Whlto Muscovy, Colored Mus
covy, Cayuga, White Call, Gray Call
and Blnck East Indians.
For real practical purposes, I only
recommend tho first four classes and
In tho order that I havo named thorn,
tho Pekln being the most extensively
bred and probably as good as an all
round market duck as thero Is today,
but thoy aro tho most timid, and con
sequently moro liable to get panic
Btrlcken when raised in largo num
bers, says a writer In an exchange
Standard weight of adult drakes,
eight pounds; ducks, seven pounds
As to laying qualities tho Peklns
are outclassed only by a singlo b re oil.
It Is a common thing for a Pekln duck
to lay from 100 to 125 eggs In a singlo
icason
EXPERIMENTS AND COMPARISONS MADE IN
FEEDING CATTLE FOR PRODUCTION OF BEEF
Cold Pressed Cottonseed-Cake Proves to Be 50 Per Cent. Moro
Valuable as Source of Protein Than Wheat Bran Larger
Gains and at Less Expense Were Made With Alfalfa.
Bulletin No. 132, entitled "Econom
ical Beef Production," by H. II. rimlth,
has Just been Issued by tho Nobtaskn
experiment station This report em
braces 62 pages and gives tho results
of four experiments in which compari
sons aro mado of dlfforont rations suit
able for producing beef In Nebraska
and of different types and broods of
cattle fed under llko conditions The
general conclusions as published in
tho summary of this bulletin ar ns
follows:
"(1) In comparing bran, Unseed
meal and cold pressod cottonseod
Yearling Devon Bull.
cake, each as a source of protoln sup
plementing corn meal nnd sllago, tho
cold pressed cako proved to bo worth
GO per cent, moro por ton than uhoat
bran, and HnBecd monl 18 pur cent,
moro por ton than cold pressed cot
tonseed cako.
"In tho use of each of' theso supple
mentary protoln feeds with corn monl
nnd prairie hay tho cold pressed cot
tonseed cako showed a valuo por ton
22 por cent, grfoator than wheat bran,
nnd the Unseed meal 28 per cent, moro
than tho cotton seed cako.
"(2) Whero alfalfa was used In con
nection with corn monl and silage, or
corn meal and prnlrlo hay, largo gains
wero mado without tho uso of n con
centrated protein food. Tho gains In
both experiments where alfalfa was
fed wero larger, less costly, nnd much
moro profitable Theso experiments,
supplomontlng what ,hnd previously
been found, show that hoof can be pro
duced In Nebraska at a lower cost and
with groator profit on a combination
of tho corn plant and alfalfa hay than
on any other combination of foods
available In the state.
"(3) TheBO experiments show that
corn sllago gives larger gains than
shredded corn stover when each in fed
Splendid Type of Hereford.
with corn meal and alfalfa, and for
beof production Is worth 60 per cont.
more per ton.
"(4) Corn stovor hns a valuo 80 por
cont. aa great as pralrlo hay, and tho
HOW FERTILIZERS
SHOULD BE USED
For Best Results They Should Be
Combined With Animal Ma
nure or Rotted Sod.
To obtain tho host results from tho
uso of chemical fertilizers thoy should
always be used In connection with ani
mal manure or rotted sod. The two
give tho greatest retuniB nt tho least
cost. Tho quantity to apply to tho
ucre will depend upon the conditlou
of the ground. In soils which havo
been built up by tho freo uso of sta
ble munuro or green crops a very
small quantity of fertilizer can bo
profitably used to start tho seed.
About 260 to 300 poundH may bo ap
plied to tho aero In tho hill for corn.
Uso b good corn fertilizer. This
quantity will glvo tho corn a vigorous
start, which It will maintain through
out tho growing scnBon. A fertilizer
should always bo drilled In with tho
grain. If sown in the drill or dropped
In tho hill mix It with tho earth bo
foro dropping tho grain or setting tho
plant, says a wrltor in tho Baltimore
American. Tho phosphate should nover
be thrown In a pllo In tho hill;
sprinkle It over a four-Inch space, eo
the first rainfall can dlssolvu tho
plant food. It Is then ready to bo
taken up by tho delicate corn rootB.
Land that Is bo poor that It cannot
grow weeds will not glvo n profltablo
yield of cprn with n llttlo fertilizer
dropped In tho hill. Such land needs
rotted vegetable mattor Thl3 can bo
best furnished by sowing cow-peas or
buckwheat and turning tho crop down
when in full bloom. Thorough prepar
ation of tho land before planting und
extra culture during tho season of
growth will often glvo a fair yield
from thin land. I havo mado a great
many practical experiments In tho ap
plication of fertilizers to red clay and
rotten rock soils nnd 1 havo Invaria
bly found that tho moBt profit was
realized when a good bonemeal or
other nitrogen fertilizer was used In
connection with stuble manuro or
rotted clover and grass sod.
i
i
portion consumed is fully as valuable
Pralrlo hay at Its usual market prlco
is not profltablo for fattening cnttlo.
"(5) In comparing a ration consist
ing of n heavy feed of corn muni, al
falfn and a light feed of sllnge, with
a ration consisting of a medium quan
tity of each feed and n ration consist
ing of a light feed of corn, alfalfa and
a heavy food of sllnge, yearling steers
being fnttoned for mnrket mado cheap
er and moro profltablo gains on tho
larger feed of corn and smaller food
of corn silage.
"(6) In growing calves to bo fnt
toned lator for market, tho cheapest
gains wero mado on a liberal ration of,
corn sllago nnd alfalfa without grain,
tho cost of grains Increasing in pro
portion to tho amount of corn meal
fed.
"(7) TheBO experiments show thnt
thoro is a great variation in tho capac
ity of Individual steers to make gains
under llko conditions. Tho data do
not,Bhow that tho Individuals of ono
brood mako Inrger gntns thnn those of
another breed. Tho variation In gain
scorns to bo fully ns great within a
breed as betwoen representatives of
different broods.
"(8) Typo of conformation seems to'
-i5Nc,' s "" . ijfrN'- V J Qt R&&BCTCTBR
Calves In Stanchions.
bo a controlling factor, tho low-sot,
moro compact typos having something
of an advnntngo in gains and much In
early maturity over tho rangy types.
"(9) Gains soom to correlato to a
considerable degreo with body capac
ity as Indicated by tho slzo of the mid
dle girth, tho largest gainers having
relatively larger mlddlo girths at tho
samo weight In most Instances.
"(10) Whllo tho nvorngo gains rondo
by nil dairy brod stocrs aro nearly tho1
samo as thoso mado by tho beef brod
Bteors up, to tho ngo of twenty-three
months, tho latter showed In most in
stances a higher condition of flesh, a
larger proportion of hlgh-prlced meat,
and sold for a higher prlco por nun
drod, returning larger profits to tho
feeder on tho bnsls of tho snmo Initial
cost per hundrod."
POULTRY RAISING
F0RJARM GIRLS
Let Her Have Entire Care and
Management of Fowls for
Specified Share.
(Hy ANNII3 IIOFFAUTH.)
To tho boy on n farm Is usually
glvon some proporty of his own, even
when qulto small. It Is no uncommon
thing to soo him glvon n share In
tho crops whon ho Is largo enough to
do a man's work. Tho father fur
nishes tools, team, scod and fertlllzor,
and tho boy "crops" with him on tho
same terms as jiis tonnnt. This is
perfoctly proper nnd as It should be;
but why not glvo his sister a chnnco,
also?
Thoro is tho flock of poultry and
buildings; or, If thero aro no build
ings, thero should bo somo orectcd
right away. Then turn tho pqultry
raising over Into her hands, letting
hor havo tho entlro care and manage
ment of tho fowls, for a cortnln speci
fied sharo of tho profit.
Mcasuro out and sot aside so much
wheat, oats and corn for their feed,
and If you do not think hor work
about tho hoimo payB for this feed
over and nhovo her board and clothes,
chargo It up to tho Hock. To glvo her
r. fair start, got her a good 100-egg In
cubator, nnd broodor of correspond
lng slzo, so that sho can raUo early
chickens.
Any girl of avorago Intelligence enn
learn to manipulate a simply con
structed Incubator, or nt least I did,
and my machine was tho first ono 1
over saw. I am now earning moro
money thnn soveral of my girl frlonds
who aro stenographers and clerks In
tho city.
Poultry raising Is a business that
calls for brains, and It 1b a busInnuB
that will grow. It Is not ovorcrowd
ed; you aro not subjected td tho
whims of an oxnctlng employer; you
aro not forced to Ilvo In a third-class
boarding houso; thoro Is no car faro
to pay; and best of all, tho girl can
stay right at homo with tho dear
mother.
Gto
-s5
S.:e.Ki3B3
Yl.'lvt)MtZ7irttmrttf3an
HasRecjret
Since pa linn Init bin Job the Joys wo hud
luwo till departed:
Ma mopes around unci you can seo that
sho Is heavy-hearted;
Sho's cut out bridge, ami It, of course. Is
not nt nil Burprlsln'
Tlint wo nln'l doln' much Juat now, except
economUIn.
I'n snys It wouldn't bo so bad If ma hail
only heeded
And saved a llttlo whon sho had so much
moro thnn sho needed;
Thi Rills nru nttll at homo In splto of all
inn did to muko 'cm
Bo swcot tlm follows sho'd picked out
would simply havo to tuko 'om,
i
It's nwful gloomy 'round the placo slncu
pa don't havo to hurry
Away from breakfast any moro; wo don't
do much but worry,
Mndh'o sets around and frets all day, and.
so do Hoss nnd Qertlo,
Suu seems to tnko It hardest, though, be-
cause bIio's noarly thirty.
Whon pa was rcoHIIii' ma last ntsht ba-
eiuiKo sho'd been short-sighted
He spoke i thoiiRh he'd lost Ills Job Just
so thot sho'd bo spited,
Hut ma spunked up nt hut And said:
"You'd spoil a saint's endurance,
And you'ra so healthy, too, with such a
lot of llfo Insurance!"
Putting It Politely.
It was evident that tho directors
wero very nervous. Anxiously thoy
awaited tho coming of tho president,
who had summoned thom in hasto. At
length ho appeared, greatly distressed,
nnd, taking his placo In tho chair, ho
began addrosslng thom without wait
ing to obsorvo any formalities.
"Gcntlomon," ho said, "I am very
sorry to Bay that it Is my duty to im
part to you somo dlBagroeablo news.
I nssuro you thnt this la tho saddest
day of my llfo. I would rather havo
cut off my right arm than boon com
pelled to send for you on an occasion
of thlB kind. It is moBt "
"What's tho matter?" ono of tho dl
roctoru Impatiently asked.
"Tho cashlor has aviated."
In the Interest of General Joy.
"Thoy suy that owing to tho law of
gravity onq's woight decreases us ono
gots farther and farthor away from
tho surfaco' of tho earth."
"Tho upper storlos of tho30 high
buildings thoy nro orectlng In Now
York ought to bo finished off for tho
oxcluslvo uso of ladles who aro dlu
tressed bocauso of tholr stoutness.
Neglected.
"Pa, aro you
ono of tho dear
plain people?"
"No, my child.
Nobody scorns to
havo found out
that I voto."
Culture.
I'MuBhlngham may havo mado ,hl
money in a hurry, but he hasn't nog
lected to tnko on a supply of culture
Just tho samo."
"I know it. Do you know what he
has had dono In that theater ho
bought tho other day? Ho's had tho
word 'Exeunt' Instead of 'Exit' paint
ed ovor every door."
Her Tongue.
"Put out your tonguo," said tho doc
tor. After tho Indy had done so sho
nsked: "Ib thero anything tho mattor
with It?"
"No-o. Worn somo, that's all."
As It Appears From a Distance.
Tho half that doesn't know how tho
other half lives putB in a good deal of
Its tlmo acting as if it wero afraid It
might find out.
Easy.
It is nlwayB easy to bo pollto to
peoplo who can throw good things Id
our wny.
Speaklng of Raising.
Church You know wo have a won
derful country. Somo things we can
raise hero easier than any other placo.
Gotham Aro you speaking of tho
price of coal or eggs?
KSfl
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