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WAGES ARE TOO LOW
LEGISLATURE TO TAKE ACTION
Ort PACKING HOUSE MATTER.
$9 PER WEEK AS MINI
House Roll No. 442, Alleviating Situa
tion, Unanimously
Recommended.
Lincoln. Well down in the Iioubo
general flle, but not bo far down but
that many members are keeping an
oyo turned In Its direction, Is a bill
which will shortly attract the sup
port ot legislators who believo In pro
gressive economic legislation as well
as in progressive politics.
The bill is house roll Mo. 442, in
troduced by McCarthy of Greeley
county and unanimously recommended
for passage by the committee on labor.
It provides for a minimum wage for
adults In work shops, factories and
packing houses of 20 cents an hour
or, If the work is contracted by tho
week, of $9 a week, overtime to be
paid for at time-and-a-half rates.
Tho committee's unanimous recom
mendation, despite employers' pro
tests, resulted fcirgcly from Informa
tion In Its hands rciatrve to the wages
paid unskilled labor In South Omaha
packing houses. Additional informa
tion on this subject has since beon
secured by the special working girls'
investigation committee.
Legislators stood appalled at un
challenged statements that 1,500 men
employed in Bouth Omaha plants
secured' only 17 1-2 cents an hour, a
weekly maximum, if by good luck
thero were no short days, of only
?8.40. As a matter of fact, It was
shown that tho average weekly wage
of 3,000 unskilled laborers was about
$7.00
Worse than this, tho average
weekly wago of women and girls, who
have been employed in increasing
numbers during tho last few years,
Vas shown to be $4.50.
How men could support families on
Euch piltry lums, even when the wife
and mother aided in the earnings, was
beyond the comprehension of members
of tho committee.
The employers representatives, in
I eluding men from the railroads, tele
phone companies and tho South Oma
Aa packing Industries, objected, but
tho bill went to tho general file. It
will come before the house sometime
during tho next three weoks.
Tho progressive members, who
have looked up New. Jersey's recent
action in attempting a $9.00 minimum
wage for girls, to say nothing of men,
expect It to receive plenty of atten
tion. Governor Sends Message.
In executive session the senate re
ceived tho message from Governor
Morehead announcing appointment of
Henry Gordes of Falls City, C. H.
Gregg of Ktarney and Charles Graff
of Bancroft as members of state board
of control soon to come Into existence.
In accordance with a predetermined
plan, agreed upon at a caucus Kemp
of Nance moved that a committee of
five members be appointed to Investi
gate the character and competency of
appointees and to report their find
ings back to senate before action on
confirmation Is tnken.
Yelser Given $200.
Tho claims committee of the houso
reported Its bill back to tho house
carrying appropriations totaling $75,
000. John O. Yelser was given $200
for his services on the pardon board,
this being all that was allowed for his
claim for $1,200 for this purpose.
House Passes Potts Bill.
Tho house corporations committee.
'has recommended for passage tho
Potts bill taxing all corporations one
tenth of 1 per cent on the capital
stock representing Nebraska business,
an increase of about $320,000 a year
over tho present corporation tax.
Bill Gets Ax In Senate.
The senate's first application of the
ax upon a bill coming before It on tho
order of third reading took placo
when tho Bartllng bill requiring rail
roads to man switch engines with full
crews while operating in yards at di
vision points was defeated by a vote
of 14 to 11.
House Passes Lee Bill.
Tho houso has passed the Lee bill
permitting the city council of Omaha
to voto $50,000 for park Improvements
and to construct a work house.
Senator Placek Has Pneumonia.
Senator E. E. Placek of Saunders Is
very 111 with pneumonia at the Lin
coln hotel. Mrs. Placek Is with him.
Governor Signs Bill.
Governor Morehead signed houso
roll 353, a bill appropriating $50,000
for tho state penitentiary deficit.
Franchise Bill Quickly Killed.
Killed and buried In less than fif
teen minutes was the fate of senate
file No. 340, tho bill that would havo
given electric light free and unregu
lated entry into any city or town in
tho state. No person appeared before
the senate committee on roads in sup
port of tho measure, and Senator
Heasty, who introduced it asserted he
did not care much what becamo of it,
as It was Introduced merely by re
quest. Many members Joined Senator
Wolz In a successful effort to see that
tho measure was quickly slain.
NEBRASKA IN BRIEF.
Coming Events In Nebraska.
March B to 1C "Made-ln-Nebrnska"
Show, Omaha.
March 11 to 14 Convention Feder
ation Nebraska Retailors. Omaha.
April 4 and 5 Annual Y. M. C. A.
Indoor Athletic meet, Omaha.
A new brick building is being erect
ed at Craig.
Moro than 1,000 Uvos wero loBt In
tho mines of Pennsylvania In 1912.
Carl Frahm recently sold a hog in
Bloomileld that weighed 730 pounds.
Tho Aurora Y. M. C. A. membership
has reached 140.
Nino carB of cattle were recently
shipped to Kansas City from Granger.
In the Jail at Beatrice there aro
threo well defined cases of smallpox.
Many arrests havo been mado at
Fort Crook for bootlegging.
C. A. Dixon, an old resident, died
recently at Blair.
Dr. Heath hnH returned to his homu
in Falrbury from an extended so
journ at Tnmpa, Fla.
In tho stato oratorical contest Bcllo
vue won first, Crelghton Becond, Coi
ner third and Doano fourth placo.
Crofton defeated the Bancroft bas
ketball team on tho Crofton field by a
score of 16 to 9.
Judge J. B. Raper has adjuorncd dis
trict court nt Tecumseh until some
time in March.
Tho thirty-third annunl convention
of tho Burt county Sunday school was
held at Tokamah.
At Silver Creek tho question of vot
ing $8,000 bonds for water system is
being discussed.
Richard Allen, a former well known
Nebraska cattle man, died recently at
IiIb home In Boston of pneumonia.
Omaha High school defeated Sloux
City High school at Sioux City, 25 to
14, In a rough gamo of basketball.
Tho rural route carriers of Red Wil
low and adjoining counties met in con
vention at Bartley recently.
Tho seven-year-old son of W. S.
Blanchard of Edgar has a badly brok
en arm from a fall from a pony.
Tho business men of Brunswick havo
organized a company and will build a
new hotel.
Tho use of liquor by Omaha &
Council .Bluffs Street Car company
employes is absolutely forbidden in
nn order recently posted.
In tho first game ever played be
tween tho two schools, Dana college
of Blair defeated the Bellevuo collego
five by a score of 25 to 13.
Tho little C-year-old daughter of Ar
thur Lakey, living near Falrbury, was
seriously burned while playing with
matches.
At tho time of tho recent railway
wreck at Kearney a fireman was in
chargo of tho engine Instead of tho
engineer.
Deputy State Bank Examiner Jo
seph Plgman, a resident of Broken
Bow, has purchased tho bank at Mc
Grew. The stato board 6f health has ac
quitted Dr. C. A. Yoder of. Elm Crook
of the chargo of performing a criminal
operation.
Tho first auto delivery truck ever
Installed at West Point was put in uso
this week by tho proprietors of a do
p'artment store.
The city council of Fremont decided
unanimously to placo tho $40,000 pav
ing bond proposition beforo tho voters
at the spring election.
Governor Morehead announced tho
reappointment of F. W." Booth as su
perintendent of tho Nebraska School
for the Deaf, located In Omaha,
Thero will soon bo hold an election
at Fort Dodge to pasB on tho question
of issuing $50,000 to bo used in tho
erection of a new school building.
The Southeast Nebraska Fruit Grow
ers' association, at a recent meeting
at Auburn, changed its name to tho
Eastern Nebraska Fruit Growers' as
sociation. According to findings by veteri
naries tho horse disease that did much
damage in this stato last year, has
again put in appearance in Gago
county.
Tho dedicatory services for tho
new Methodist church in Brock wore
held with an address by L. O. Jones
of Lincoln, president of tho Epwortli
assembly.
Usually at this season of tho year
Scottsbluff has a scries of banquets
and 'dinners, which aro In tho main
"get together" meetings.
Herman B. Fairchlld, one of tho
most widely known farmers of Jeffer.
son county,-Jvas found dead in a chair
at his home six miles southeast of
Falrbury, near Endlcott.
Plans for tho new building for tho
City National bank at York have beon
approved by tho directors nnd stock
holders and contractors aro now fig
uring on tho work.
About 125 clerical employes of tho
Burlington havo left Omaha for Chi
cago, at which place tho auditing
headquarters will bo located.
Woman suffrage passed tho house
committee of tho whole nt Lfncoln,
but under circumstances that practi
cally insures Its defeat' on third read
ing. Itev. E. B. Taft, who has been pastor
of tho Baptist church in Falrbury for
several years, has tendered his resig
nation to take effect April 1. It has
been accepted by tho church.
Electric lighting in both stories of
tho new Masonic building at Ohlowa
is now nssured, tho wiring having
been started. This will bo tho first
building with electric lights in Ohlowa.
Five young men and one young wom
an wero arrested on the charge of
complicity In the highway robbery of
Mrs. John Jensen, the wife of a West
Point business man, which occurred
two months ago at West Point.
notes FROM,
Spray tho trees.
Scald out tho -.feed troughs.
Feed a cow according to her capa
city. Butchering scraps cut up and
raw raako a good egg food.
fed
It Is well to keep grit and llmo
within reach of tho chickens all tbo
tlmo.
Thero Is less in tho kind ot sep
arator you uso than In tho way you
uso It,
Ono great advantage in tho poultry
business Is the quick returns on tho
Investment.
Water tho calf often. Ho will not
bo so llablo to gorgo himself with
m.'lk If you do.
Pear blight can bo
you aro thorough,
prompt In your work.
eradicated It
careful and
Tho llmo In wood ashes Beta tho
nitrogen froo when aBhes como in
contact with manure.
Tlmo nnd care spent in tho orchard
Is almost 8uro to pay for Itself and a
good rato of Interest besides.
Silage, In light quantities. Is often
beneficial to a brood mare, as It adds
a bit of succulenco to tho ration.
One of tho great drawbacks on
many farmB is the small size and ir
regular shape of the cultivated fields.
Tho chick that has been stunted
will never become a show bird and
seldom develop into a profitable
fowl.
Do givo tho later summer hatched
chicks a charjeo to cat their meals
without being run over by tho older
birds.
For tho geese a low shed open to
tho south 1b about all that 1b needed,
as geeso seem impervious to cold
weather.
Parched corn is a good food evory
day or bo, arid warm water is appre
ciated by tho fowls during tho freez
ing weather. .
Hundreds of trees set every year
die because of tho neglect of tho
owners. It is not aiwayB tho fault of
tho nurserymen.
Dr. L. O. Howard declared recently
that an annual loss of $357,000,000 is
caused by 'disease transmitted by
mosquitoes and files.
Sheep that are Leing conditioned
must have Rome form of green or suc
culent food, nnd for this purposo root
crops aro unexcelled. (
You may think you know a good
deal about how to ralEO poultry, but
tho deeper you go into It tho moro
surprises you will find."
Meat or animal meal Is Important
during tho winter months, or when tho
birds aro kopt in confinement. Ground
green bono is uIbo good.
The pig that Is fed corn alone from
the tlmo thnt it is weaned until It Is
marketed, nt seven or eight months
of age. rarely is profltablo producer.
A flock of sheep will wasto more
than hay enough to pay for tho lum
ber to build a good rack in a singlo
winter, if you feed them out on tho
ground.
Tho poultryman who provides warm
quarters for hla birds and feeds them
well will get eggs the winter through.
Not so many eggs as In summer, but
moro than enough to pay for their
keep.
A bright, Intelligent man, a good
manager and n closo observer will
save moro than his wages In the
amount of work ho will accomplish,
and In maintaining the condition of
his team.
A cement floor In a poultry houso
has tho advantage of bolng easily
cleaned, Is rat proof and does not har
bor vermin of nny kind, but It Is very
cold. For tho comfort of the fowls It
should be covered with threo or four
Inches of clean dry dirt
Good seed-corn is the key to got
ting good stands of corn. A good
stand of corn is necessary to secure
good yields. Owing to tho wet fall
of 1911, thero Is now much doubt
ful seed-corn In tho country. Ono
cannot afford to plant corn any year,
much less this year, without thor
oughly testing. The single-ear method
of testing seed-corn is tho only prac
tical method.
Plant trees this spring.
A rnulo oats less than a horse.
Givo tho chickens llmo nnd grit
Troo roosting In cold wcathor 1b not
conducivo to laying.
Cultivation Is ono of tho four groat
essentials In orchard mnnngoinont
Churning nt too low a temperature
Is too long n pleco of work for any
body. Keep tho poultry houso clean nnd
freo from drafts as wall as damp
ness. Agricultural experts tell us that
tho potential fertility of tho sol. Is un
limited. A good Uvo Intorost In exhibition
stock Is commendnblo in tho market
poultryman.
Apple trees may bo planted either
in tho spring or fall. The mntn thing
1b to plant them.
Poach troos mako good stock for
plum grafting, ns thoy usually have
large vigorous roots.
Don't fall to supply green feed, Ilka
cabbago, beets, celery tops. Theso
are relished by tho birds.
Tho 150-pound' cow will hato to seo
Willie go to the short courso for fear
ho will learn how to test her.
An orchard will livo longer, benr
bottor and bo moro profltablo by be
ing well cultivated and enriched.
Thoso old honB may bo valuable ob
keep sakos, but tho young and vigor
oub ones will produco tho most eggs.
Woll-manngod poultry Is profornblo
to tarm crops In that poultry will
produco an Income at all times of tho
year.
With fruiting orchnrds, mineral
fertilizers aro often great assistance,
but an oxccbs of nitrogen should be
avoided.
Soil takon from a well-established
alfalfa field and spread on land to bo
sown to alfalfa 1b a very good way to
Inoculato it.
Spray your trees whothor thoy have
n crop or not. Spraying In off yoarB
Is just as Important as in years ol
heavy crops.
Cowpoas that havo a lot of crab
grass and fox tall mixed with them
mako even better bale hay than tho
straight vines. ,
The little chicks do best on corn
bread mndo of sour milk, sodn and
cracked corn. Thoy should bo fed on
something clean.
Many farmers evory year lose a por
tion of tho vnluo of their crops be
cause thqy have not forco enough to
bow thorn In season.
Do not feed a cow according to
her ago or breed. Feed her accord
ing to her individual capacity to put
feed to profltablo use.
Why not play fair with your cows?
You havo parcel post to help markot
your buttor, so let'B glv-3 them some
moro alfalfa to mako It.
Tho poorest cull trash that finds Its
way to market comes from tho farm
ers who should bo producing tho very
best quality of prime mutton.
Cooked roots, mixed with wheat
bran or ground onts or barloy occa
sionally, will go a long way In making
a better and moro thrifty colt
Root crops, such as parsnips, beets,
and carrots, may bo prevented from
shriveling In tho winter if thoy nro
covered slightly with dry sand In the
bin or box.
Keep a bucket of bran nnd corn
meal In tho kitchen to ubo in prepar
ing tho mash. Many n tabla scrap or
part cup of milk will enrich tho mash
If tho buckot is handy.
Brood bows should havo a quiet,
warm, dry placo whoro their litters
may spend tho first week of their
lives without being unnecessarily dis
turbed by other animals or Inqulsltlvo
people.
If you havo sovoral klndB of rough
feed on hand It will be a good plan to
mix them up in feeding. Stock like n
change of feed aa well as you do, and
if tholr breakfasl can bo of ono kind
and tholr supper of another, so much
tho better.
The safest bull tho dairyman car.
use is generally n cross bull. At first
this may seem a strange assertion
The reason, however, Is simple The
bull that Is known to bo cross will
always bo watched.
An overfnt fowl Is almost as objec
tionable ns a lean ono, To fatten
chlckenB properly they should bo so
fed ns to have Just enough fat to
mako them (leflhy and to cook well.
The fat Bhould bo well Intermixed
wlthlean.
Very frequently when separating
the whites from tho yolks of eggs tho
yolk becomes broken and falls Into
the white. Dip n cloth In warm wa
ter, wring It dry, and touch the yolk
with a cornor of it Tho yolk will
adhere to tho cloth and may easily be
removed.
CAREFUL ATTENTION IS REQUIRED FOR
EWES AND LAMBS DURING COLD WEATHER
When Animals Are Allowed to Run In Open During Lambing Sea
son Task of Shepherd Is Made More Difficult Than When
Properly Housed Construct Temporary Pens.
Tho busiest tlmo in tho whole year
for tho oheep raiser 1b when tho
lnmba aro being dropped, along in
tho latter part of tho winter. Tho
nctual profits ot tho wholo year's
shocp raising nro really being mado
at this tlmo, and tho shepherd is
forced to work about twenty-four
hours out of ovory twenty-four, for a
week or two.
During Fobrunry nnd March, and
sometimes during the "last days ot
January, tho good Bhephord finds that
practically every hour of his ttmo Is
being taken up by tho lambing owes,
says a Kentucky writer In tho Farm
Progress. Lantern in hand, ho must
visit thd Bheop onco or twice during
tho night. When thoy nro being allow
ed to run In tho open his task ts two
and thrco times as difficult as when
tho sheep aro bolng corralled In sheds
and penB ovcry night
In order that help nnd cure may bo
given ovory ewo and lamb that, may
need It, I try to visit ovory skeGp In
tho flock about throe or four tlmcfl
dally. During tho day, whtlo tho sheep
may bo on thu pasture, constant watch
ing Is necessary, as the owes aro likely
to drop their lnmba in soma rcnioto
part of tho pasture.
Thoro are a number of things that
may happen to tho disadvantage ot
A Flock That
tho young lnmb arid IiIb mothor. Tho
unnatural owe, and thero nro auch, will
walk away from tho chilled young
ster and leavo him to Btarvo unless
sho is watched. I havo known owos
with twlno to hurry away with ono
lamb following nnd leavo tho other ono
lying half asleep out In tho wind some
where. Unless Bomo enro 1b takon, in
lcoklng over tho pasture and through
GOOD RATION FOR
FATTENING FOWLS
Hens Should Be Fed Just About
What They Will Clean Up
in Ten Minutes.
A good feed on which to fatten fowls
Is two partB of fine corn monl and ono
part of wheat mlddllngB. This should
bo mlxod Into a thick batter, mixing
It Just thick enough that it will drop
freely from a wooden Bpoon or pad
dlo. Feed in troughs, having' trough
room onough so tho fowls will not
crowd. Watch tho fowU closely and
feed Just about as much as they will
eat clean In ton or fifteen minutes,
then take away tho trougha and clean
them. If this batter is mixed with
Bklmmod milk, Bweot or sour, or but
termilk. It will bo moro valuable It
water bo used add to tho mixture
about 5 por cent of tho dry wolght
of the feed materials In beef scrap.
Gradually allow tho hens to cat a llt
tlo longer but never let them oat until
they stop of thqr own accord Feed
threo times a day and in from 14 to 21
dayB tho fowls will bo finished and
should be sold at onco, as after thoy
aro finished they gain weight so slow
ly, If at all, that it is not proiltablo
to feed them. No water Bhould bo giv
en under this system of feeding ns tho
batter fed to thorn has enough water
for tho noedB ot the fowls eating It.
This sounds very simple but a begin
ner will find that in practlco it la not
as simple as it soemB. individual
fowls will go off their feed and muBt
t.n t.ikon out nnd some will finish
quicker than others and should bo ro
moved from tho pen. Sometimes it Is
advlsablo to romovo Bomo of tho fowls
and reduce tho feed given them In or
der to hold them back for tho later
nn.s. All theso things present prob
lems that can not very well bo solved
In print With a llttlo caro thero
should bo no great difficulty and th
operator soon becomes export In se
lecting tho finished fowls and deter
mining by observation how tho work
Is coming on.
Work for the Teams.
It Ib advisable to keep tho teams at
work whenever poBslblo, becnuso It
helps to puy for their keeping, besides
being bottor for tho teams than Idle
ness. In many places manuro can bo
purchased in tho city nnd hauled to
tho farm at an advantage.
ISSSSMBSSSflSHPBBBsSSSSSBSSSVSSSBSBBSSSSflRfxw.v
fiSSBCldnnBKBBBBBV V
lsHHftWBH?SlESasHiBlBPt
cnnniiiCKDnaiiiaHni3i' . sa
tho out-of-the-way corners, lambs mny
bo unnoticed. They, Instinctively llo
in half-concealment during tho first
hours of tholr existence.
When a Iamb ts left In this way
whon thu sheep nro corralled for tho
night, ho Is apt to wander oft some
where, tnugla himself In tho briers of
a fence corner, or fall Into some holo
whoro ho will not bo found (111 after
ho has starved to death. Cold and
oxpoBuro will kill a lamb It a few
hours, during tho frosty nlghtB,
Early In tho wlntor months In which
tho lambs nro to bo expected I set
apart as much ot tho sheep sheds and
shelters as can possibly bo spared and
dlvldo thorn off into "temporary l,on8.
These 1 use for tho owes immediately
after thoy havo dropped their lnmba.
ThlB year I took a space four foot
wldo along tho oast wall ot n long
sheep Ehud and fenced It off from tho
i est of tho interior. By dividing thin
long Bpnco Into llttlo pons, llvo feot
long, 1 mndo room for a dozen ewea
and their lambs.
A spneo four by flvo feet Is plenty
big onough to hold n mother and her
lamb comfortably for a night nnd n
day. Whon n owo and lnmb nro
brought In I put them In those pena
for tho night A llttlo feed for tha
mother and a buckot of water to help
Returns Profits.
allay her feverish thirst aro all tho
attention Hho will need for tho next
24 hours.
When tho wenthor Is raw and bad 1
leavo thorn In tho pens longer than
when tha ground is firm and tho sun
Is out. A cold rain on tho tender skin '
of a young lamb Is about tho worst
thing that can happen to him. Very
tow survivo It
FERTILIZER REAL
FARM INSURANCE
High Grade Variety Furnishes
Needs of Plants Several
Good Formulas." N
(Hy J. O. a ENTRY.)
However, thero 1b another InBuranco
not so much nor eo widely used as It
deserves, which should bo glvon atten
tion, 1. o commercial fertilizers. If wo
put as tho work suggested on tho field
It is only tho part of wisdom to add
fertilizers and thus givo tho crop ov
ory chance. Tho wheat plants need
plenty ot good food to mako a quick
Btrong growth, and a good fertilizer
supplies parts of food npt to bo luck
ing. It furnishes tho plant food in a
form which tho wheat can uso freely.
It Is easily possible to sow fertilized
wheat Hoveral days later than untor
tlllzed and obtain an equal or greato
growth before winter. This enablea
ub to avoid tho lly and at tho samo
tlmo obtain a growth of wheat which
will bo unnffected by ordlnnry win
ters and will mako a proiltablo crop
after such u winter as that of 1911-12.
Tho hlgh-grado fertilizers aro best
for making full growth and for sup
plying tho noedB of tho crop tho follow
ing spring. My hlgh-grado wo mean a
fertilizer mndo of good, easily avalV
ablo materials nnd ono which cdrrloa
a largo per cent of tho plant food.
TheBo hlgh-grado goods usually cost;
a llttlo more, but they aro cheaper
per pound of plant food.
Thoro aro sovoral good formulas for
wheat fertilizers. Ono containing 2 to
3 per cent nitrogen, 3 to 10 per cent,
phosphoric acid and 5 to 0 per cent,
potash 1b excellent This can be used
very profitably ut tho rate of 200 to
300 pounda por aero and tho effect will
show not only o:i tho wheat, but on tho
clover which followa.
Flower Hints.
Goldonglow Is a quick grower and!
blooms profusely,
Lato cosmos should bo tied to
stakes If exposed to winds.
Pinch back tho buds of early cc
roos to mako bushy plants.
Cnlllopsls uro easy to grow, but thoy,
llko tho sun.
Candytuft is flno for borders.
Fill vacant spots In tho sun with bal
sam; grow In clumps.
Ageratum is very popular for bor
dors. Bluo Is tho tavorlto.
