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O no 'ono of the world's
heroes, probably, havo
moro monuranntB, Btat
ucb mid othor enduring
tributes boen oroctod
than to httn who was so
nptly designated "First
In war, Href In pence and
first In tho hearts of hl
countrymen." Easily tho
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most Important and nioHt Imposing of
all tho memorials existing or project
ed Ih tho Washington national monu
ment, that Blinplo and Btntoly wlilto
shaft that risos on tho banks of the
Potomac river nt Washington and af
fords from Its top tho moat magnifi
cent Iow of the beautiful capital
city which Washington founded and
which bcars'hls name Yet few of tho
rorsons who gaze In thlH twentloth
century upon what haa been denom
inated a "poem In marble" pause to
consider how long tills monument
wan In building and by how narrow
h margin of chanco n nntlonal tribute
mlBBed being a nntlonal disgrace.
Tho towering shaft that bo ably
typifies Wnshlrigton'B simplicity and
strength of character wart In tho mak
ing for nigh n quaitor of a contury
Not that work was contlnuoun ovor
that protracted Interval, but that nuch
n Bpan of years Intervened botweon
tho Inception and completion of tho
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work duo to a long Biinponslon of activities owing
to lack of funds. Tho wholo project of providing
what Is nccounted tho nation's monument to
"Washington was n long-drawn-out undortnklng,
but this scorning tardiness of action -tins bcon
atoned for by tho benuty of tho structuro, which
haB fow rivals lit height, suvo aomo of tho newor
skyscrapors In Now York, nnd which Is so Jenl
oUBly guarded by n proud people that congrcBB
not bo vory long ago folt coinpollod to refuse
tho request of tho navy department that permis
sion bo granted to establish a wireless tolegrnph
station nt tho lop of tho monument, aB has been
3ono on tho Eiffel Towor In Paris.
Tho project to provide n trlbuto to deorgo
Washington nt tho Boat of government dates from
tho year 1783, when tho Continental congress
voted to oroct nn cqupstrlan statue nnd, oddly
enough, selected for ItH Hltu tho vory location
that Is now occupied by tho national monument.
However, tho project progroBsed no further nnd
thoro was no further action until Washington
died nt tho end of tho contury, when congrosa
pasaod another reaolutlon for a monument this
bill providing for n testimonial In marblp or
eranlto beneath which should roposo tho remains
Dt tho natlon'fl greatest horo, Hero, howovor, tho
widow of (lenernl Washington Intorposod with
Ihor vory nntural preference that tho body Bhould
TOBt at mount Vomon, and accordingly tho wholo
j)rojoot again lapsed until 1S23, when n number
of patrlotlo cltlzoiiB'of Washington , formed nn or
ganization known as tho Washington Monument
association and undertook to rovlvo Interest in
lho undertaking.
i Tho scheme was to provide funds by popular
subscription for orocllng a monument nnd this
canvass was pursued more or loss energetically,
but It was not until 1818, .when n total of SR7.000
had been collected, that tho otllclala of the or
ganization considered that tho fundB in hnud
justified tho commencement of actual work. Tho
corncr-stono wtib laid with duo ceremony nnd tho
work wont forward for some years, but additional
subscriptions did not conio in at a vory lively
rate and finally work had to he suspended for
lack of funds. Thus tho partially completed
obellBk a "stump" of a monumont It was termed
stood during nil tho years Intervening botweon
18BS and lRfif) until congress finally took up tho
matter nnd appropriated funds to finish tho
gigantic shaft.
Howovor, It was not merely n caso of provid
ing money to carry out the work already stnrtod.
The Unltod Stntoa nrmy engineers who wero put
in chnrgo when the national legislature took a
hand In tho matter apoodlly discovered that the
original foundation provided for tho monument
wna hopoleasly Inadoqunto. considering tho height
and weight of the mass which It was proposed
to place on It. Thereupon thoy sot about a
mighty ticklish engineering project nothing
loss than tho provision of a now or rather nn
enlarged foundation for tho monumont Of
course, tho perplexing part of It was thnt tho
new foundation had to bo slipped undor tho
Kront mass of stono n It stood, for. naturally,
thoro voro many objections to consuming tlmo
and money In tearing down tho monumont and
re-erecting it.
Tho engineers dug out at tho corners and
idPB of tho monument as much as they dared
of tho old foundation, meanwhile supporting tho
partially undermined structuro by menus of
beams nnd braces of various kinds. All tho
stqnq ,Ujub removed wan replaced with concrete
and tho concrete foundation was also oxOendod In
very direction beyond tho 'base linos of tho
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monument and beyond tho limitations of the
original Inadequate foundation. To what an ex
tent tho resting place of tho shaft was expanded
may bo Burmlscd from tho fact that the original
foundntlon had an area of only G.400 square feet,
whereas tho enlarged foundation covered 1G.000
aquaro foot, in addition to being of hotter mate
rial. Indeed, tho new footing of monolithic con
crete 1b In effect a single block of solid Btono.
With tho now foundation in placo tho erection
of tho shaft went on apaco and tho tnsk was
finally completed in' December. 1884, tho dedlca-
HOW TO TELL FORTUNES
'3
VsZib
One Formula
Can Be Made
Everybody.
to Fit Almost
The way to tell people's fortunes Is to hnvo
ono list of characteristics and to use it for every
ono without tho slightest variation. It Is bound
to succeed l'or Instance, supposing Falstaff and
Hamlot had their fortunes told, by tho samo
BootltBnyer 1 Imagine ho would have told Ham
lot's character as follows, Maurice Daring writes
in tho Metropolitan:
"You aro not so fortunnto as you seem. You
hnvo a groat doal of sense, but moro hciibo than
know lodge. You can glvo admirable ndvlco to
othor pooplo. Your Judgment la excellent ns re- '
gnrds othors, but bad as rogards yoursolf. You
novor value your own good advice. You nro
fond of your frlondB. You profor 4nlk to action.
You suffer from Indecision. You nro fond of tho
Btago. You nro nusceptlblo to femnlo beauty.
You ere witty, amiable and well educated, but
you like ooarao Jokos. You nro suporstltlous nnd
boliovo In ghosts. You can mako people laugh.
You often pretend to be more foolish than you
are. At othor times yon will surprlsq peoplo by
your power of apt repartee. Your bane will bo
your Inclination to fat. which will hamper you in
fighting. You are unsuccessful as a soldier, but
unrlvalod na a companion nnd philosopher. You
will mix In high society, have friends at court.
You will como orf badly In porsonal encountor.
nnd your flnnl onomy will bo n king."
Now Imagine him saying oxnetly the same
thing to Palstaff Doesn't It fit him Just ob woll?
Cnn't you imagine Pnlstaft saying: "Ho has hit
mo off to a T," nnd Hamlet murmuring. "My
prophetic soul!" In fact. I believe fortune tell
ing, nftor that of medicine, to bo tho llnost pro
fession in the world and tho easiest.
tlon of the completed monument tak
ing place in the following February
the month that holds the anniversary
of Washington's birthday. The Wash
ington national monument 1b, in hori
zontal section, a square within a
Bquaret whereas the structure might
be described .as an Iron tower within
a marble tower, the former being se
curely fastened to the latter by
means of Iron, which takes the form
of a staircase that may bo used by
visitors who do not prefer to patron
ize the elevator.
Tho walls of the monument, which
aro fifteen feet in thickness at the
base 'and decreaso to a thickness of
only eighteen inches nt tho top, com
prise a grand total of twenty-three
thousand stones, many of these
stones having boen contributed by
states of tho Union, .by foreign pow
ers and by municipal, civic and other
organizations. There nro, all told,
about ono hundred iand seventy-six
carved memorials of stono nnd mar
ble embedded In the walls, but Buch
testimonials could not, from the very
character of the structure, bo effec
tually guarded after the monument
waB completed and moro than one
fourth of tho total number have been
moro or less marred nnd damaged by
vandals and relic hunters. An espe
cial target for such souvenir hunting
waB found in the projecting pieces of
carved stone such as originally appeared In the
representations of state seals or coats-of-arms,
and almost every ono of thoso details is missing.
Tho nation's monument, which Is so vast in
bIzo thnt an army of twolvo thousand men might
bo comfortably housed in its Interior, weighs
more than elghty-ono thousand tons. Engineers
declnro thnt It 1b ono of tho very few actually
and absolutely fireproof structures In tho United
States, nnd although cracks havo from tlmo to
tlmo appeared In tho walls, It 1b tho popular be
lief that nothing short of n Bevoro earthquake
could destroy the shaft. It has been repeatedly
struck by lightning and such visitations havo no
terrors for tho obelisk, thanks to the forethought
of tho builders in providing nn Ingenious system
of electric conductors. Tho keynote of tho
scheme Is found in n small pyramid of aluminum,
weighing about one hundred ounces, which
crowns tho capstone of tho monument. TIiIb
motnl headpiece Is connected with rods that de
scend six hundred feet to n well sunk to n con
siderable depth below the level of tho earth.
Tho monument has boon visited by as many as
flvo electric bolts within, an Interval of twenty
minutes, but the worst damage over dono was
tho cracking of ono of tho stones near the top.
Tho Bhnft thnt rises from tho gentle slope
between tho White IIouso and tho Potomac cost
the nntlon about $1,300,000. nearly $100,000 hav
ing been expended upon tho now foundation
nlono Tho present upkeep of tho monument in
volves no grent oxpenSo. The olovator which car
rios to tho top of tho monumont thoso visitors
who do not enro to climb the 900 Bteps makes n
trip every half hour (although but seven minutes
Is required for tho ascent of GOO feet), nnd
will noconunodato thirty persons. Looking out
from tho windows nt tho top of the monumont,
517 feet abovo ground, tho visitors behold n won
derful panornma extending flftoon to twenty
miles In every direction. On clear days It is
sometimes possible to dlscorn tho niuo Ridge
mountains, sixty miles away.
Likely to Know.
Youth Can you toll mo which is Mr. Pon
eonby? Lady Tho man with tho gray hair, talking to
thoBo ladles ovor there. I am Mr. Ponsonby's
wlfo.
Youth I know you nro, that's why I nBkod you,
ns I thought you'd bo suro to know. Punch.
A SerlOus One.
"I understand our Mlcawbor friend had an
operation porformod. Was It sorlous?"
- "Very serious. Ho had n prospective Job cut
out of' his mind's eye."
Solicitude.
"I feel vory unoaBy; It's pouring with rain and
my wlfo went out without an uihbrolln."
"No doubt she'll tako rofugo In n shop some
where.' "Yes; that's Just what's worrying mo so." Pole
Mole. ',
4'
CAPTAIN SCOTT'S
FAREWELL MESSAGE
TO WAITING WORLD
London, Feb. 10. Among rocords
found on Cnptain Scott was tho fol
lowing, written at tho time ho real
ized his mission must end in disaster.
It is his last messago to tho world,
completed while tho pangs of hungor
and suffering from cold wore slowly
but surely killing him nnd hla com
panions: "Tho causes of this disaster nro not
due to faulty organization but to mis
fortune in nil tho risks which had to
bo undertaken.
"One, tho loss of pony transport in
March, 1011, obliged mo to start later
than I had Intended, and obliged tho
limits of Btuff transported to bo nar
row. Tho weather throughout the out
ward Journey, and especially tho long
galo in 83 degrees south, stopped us.
Tho soft snow in tho lowor reaches of
the glacier again reduced the paco.
"We fought theso untoward ovents
with will and conquered, but it ate in
to our leaorvo provisions. Every detail
of our food supplies, clothing and
dopotB mndo on tho interior lco sheet
nnd on that Jong Btretch of 700 miles
to tho polo and back worked out to
perfection.
"Tho ndvance party would havo re
turned to tho glacier in flno form and
with a surplus of food but for tho as
tonishing failure of tho man whom we
had least expected to fall.
"Seaman Edgar Evans was thought
to bo tho strongest man of tho party,
and Beardmore glacier is not difficult
in fine weather. Dut on our return wo
did not get a single completely fine
day. This, with a sick companion,
enormously Increased our anxieties.
"Wo got into frightfully rough Ice,
nnd Edgar Evans received a concus
sion of tho brain. Ho died a natural
death, but left us a shaken party, with
tho season unduly advanced.
"Dut all theso facts enumerated
were as nothing to the Burpriso which
awaited us on tho barrier. I main
tain that our arrangements for return
tug were qulto ndoquate and that no
ono in tho world would havo dono bet
ter In die weather which wo encoun
tered at this tlmo of tho year.
"On the summit in latitude 85 de
grees' to 8G degrees we had minua 20
to minus 30. On the barrier, in lati
tude 82 degrees, 10,000 feet lower, wo
had minus 30. On tho barrier, in lati
tude 82 degrees, we had minus 30 in
tho day and minus 27 at night pretty
regularly, with a continuous head
wind during our day marches.
"Theso circumstances came on very
suddenly and our wreck Is certainly
duo to this sudden advent of severe
weather, which does not seem to havo
any satisfactory cause.
"I do not think 'human beings over
came through such a month as wo
havo come through, and we should
have got through in spite of tho
weather but for the sickening of a
second companion, Captain Oates, and
a shortage of fuel in our depots, for
which I cannot account, and finally,
but for tho storm which had fallen on
us within eleven miles of tho depot
at which wo hoped to sccuro tho final
supplies.
"Surely misfortune could scarcely
havo exceeded this last blow."
"Wo arrived within eleven miles of
our old One Ton camp with fuel for
ono hot meal and food for two days.
For four days we havo been unable to
leave tho tent, tho galo blowing about
us; wo are weak.
"Writing is difficult
"For my own sake I do not regret
this journey, which has shown that
Englishmen can endure hardships,
help ono another and meet death with
aB great a fortitudo as ever In tho
past.
"We took risks. Wo knew wo took
them. Things have come out against
us and therefore wo havo no causo
for complaint, but bow to tho will of
Providence, determined still to do our
bost to the last.
"But If wo have been willing to give
our lives to this enterprise, which is
for tho honor of our country, I ap
peal to our countrymen to see that
those who depend on us aro properly
cared for.
"Had Hvo lived I should havo had a
talo to tell of the hardihood, endur
ance and courage of my companions
which would havo stirred tho heart of
every Englishman.
"These rough notes and our dead
bodies must tell tho tale, but surely,
surely a great, rich country llko ours
will see that thoso who nro dependent
on us aro properly provided for.
"(Signed) R. SCOTT,
"March 25, 1912."
Striking Silhouettes.
A novelty In plcturo making Is pro
duced by cutting out of black paper a
silhouette which Is placed botween
two, pieces of seml-transparont silk
or flno-meahed nottlng, and hung up In'
a" placo whero tho light will fall
through tho mesh. Striking effects are
producod m this way, and advertisers,
as woll as artists, havo caught up tho
idea.
Fatal to the Flea.
The flea, according to a public
health report on "Flea Destruction,"
roBlsts many Insecticides formalin,
phenol, mercuric chloride, sulphur; ha
succumbs readily, howovor, to a mix
ture of soap and water! .
Chauffeurs Must Not Smoke.
Berlin chauffeurs aro forbidden to
smoko while on duty, In tho effort to
keep down tho number of accidents.
The law applies to anyone operating a
car.
Gkbhr
UZTCWAiH
MAIL
TUATK
GOOD
111 i
111
My country! I must servo thco well
To pay the debt I owo to theo;
Thou glveat me a placo to dwell,
A placo where I may hear and see
Tho matchless wonderwork of spring,
Whero I may view tho April skies
And hear tho deep-drawn, eager sighs,
The hopeful, ardent, whispering
Of lovers wandering whero May
Hath strewn her blooms along tho way
My country! I must hold thco dear
For all the plcnsures that I claim;
For lack of bondago, for tho fear
To do thee wrong or bring theo shamol
For freedom, for unsullied birth.
For sweet possession of tho right
To set my goal on any height
That ever has been won by Worth:
l'or thoso whose gladness gives
glee
My thanks, my love, my loyalty.
m
Reward of Gallantry.
"But you told me," eho said whet
thoy met In after years, "that be
cause I said no to you that day you
would never havo tho heart to strive
to got ahe"ad."
"Well," he replied, gallantly deslr
Ing to keep from humbling her
"things happened to como my way."
'Ah," sho continued with a sigh of
relief, "ther I waB not mistaken after
all. Of course when success ia
thruat upon ono ono can't help being
successful, even if one is ah what
may be called inferior."
Disadvantages of Prosperity.
"Why aro you so pensive, old man?"
"My salary has been raised $5 a
week."
"Is that what makes you so sadl
Perhaps you could get your employer
to put it back to the old figure."
"I've just been calculating a little,
and I find that by putting aside the
extra $5 every week between now
and Easter I'll still bo $10 or $15
short, of the prlco of the new hat my
wlfo will insist on buying on the
strength of the raise."
I His Love of the Child Nature.
"Ho writes such lovely child
poems."
"Yes. Not having any children tc
keep him up at night or to mako it
necessary for him to hustlo around in
more profitable enterprises ho can
calmly devote himself to that sort of
thing, beautifully exemplifying his
lovo of tho child nature."
Pity.
"Ho seems to havo moro than his
Bharo oR the good thlngs"-of life. In
addition to having inherited millions,
ho has a high position In society, his
wife 1b young and very beautiful nnd
ho owns one of the finest art collpc
tlons In tho country."
"Yes, but, poor devil! bo can't eat
mlnco pie."
Lovely Chauffeur.
"We have the best chauffeur I have
ever heard of."
"I thought you wero going to dis
charge him a few months ago for be
ing reckless?"
"Yes, but ho Is lending us money
now, without charging an exorbitant
rate of interest."
One on Diogenes. '
"I am looking for an honest man,
said Diogenes, with all tho sarcasm
at bis command.
"Ah," roplied an Athenian cut-up
"then that's tho reason why you are
carrying a lantern Instead of a looking-glass."
Candor.
"I don't llko It on this routo at all,"
Bald tho beautiful young woman who
was married to a rich old man.
"Why?"
"Thero aro bo many tunnels, and
my husband never smokes."
Her Sighs.
"Tho hour Is Into; ho does not
como," sighs an English bardess. Bo
fore thoy wore married she probably
had occasion frequently to sigh: "The
hour It late, ho will not go."
tfasttarar.iT
