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jhFARM
A round silo Is best
Corn likes mellow boII.
Exercise produces warmth.
Thore is no better place to fit a colt
for market-than on tho farm.
LcaveB mixed with straw make an
excellent cover for strawberries.
Promptly gathor up and burn nil
bniBh and rubbish in tho orchard.
Tho coming of tho alio Is dovoloplng
Bomo new high records for high-priced
beof.
Increase tho cow feed n little morn
ing nnd night as the weather grows
colder.
It is as an egg producer that tho In
dian Runner duck has gained tho
most fame.
Poultry balanco their own rations it
they nre given a wide variety of feeds
to select from.
t
Eggs that cost 25 cents per dozen
will bring ?7 to $8 when hatched and
sold as broilers.
All young stock on hand now that
Vou do not Intend to keep through the
Vomlng winter should bo marketed.
Dran lo a very good feed for cows.
It is light, palatnble and rich in min
eral matter, especially phosphorus.
A sot of scales will guess a good
deal better than you can as to tho
weight of tho milk each cow gives.
It Is usually mere guesswork to toll
tho age of a hen by her appearance
after she has passed the pullet stage.
A hen over two years old is fit
only for the pot and to mother chick
ens. Sho is past her profitable laying
days.
It Is well to remember that there
are ten buyers for horses worth ?200
and upwards to one that Is worth $100
or less.
Goose eggs require from twenty
eight to thirty-ono days to hatch, ac
cording to variety and method of
hatching.
It is a well known fact that tho
cow that makes the largest profit is
given tho best care and most comfort
able shelter. -
When the farmer makes a selling
of his crops with as much a business
ed does the buyer he wHl find farm
ing profitable.
Of almost, If not quite, as much Im
portance as their food is plenty of
exercise. Exercise and sunshine are
great sheep tonics.
If you llvo where stoucs aro plenty
(and they are found In most sections)
never wado through winter mud in
going between house and barn.
It pleases tho cow to bo milked
quickly, and gets her In tho habit of
giving down promptly. It Is often tho
Blow milkers that make tho strippers.
If you plan" to take tho horns off
your cows, better do It early In tho
spring. It Is a trying ordeal at
best. Be as humane about It as you
can.
Vitality Is a very important char
acteristic In tho dairy cows or any
other farm animal. If weak along
this lino tho best returns cannot be
expected.
Next to using n Dabcdck machine a
pretty good test of milk may bo mado
by" putting samples in tumblers and
noting tho thlcknesB of the cream sov
eral hours later.
Sugar beet growing means more
than tho mero profits from growing
tho beets. It induces a higher typo of
agriculturo and tho crops raised in
rotation are better.
Whatever ration ono may bo able
to provide for tho flock of hens ono
condition should bo kept In mind
namely, they should bo compelled to
scratch for most of tho grain they
receive. This means excrclso and ex
ercise means health.
Few of us realize how important
bees are to our farm, garden and or
chard crops. If tho bees were termi
nated this year thero would bo a fail
ure of tha clover seed crop; the same
would be truo of many vegetables and
fruits. Many flowers must be cross
fertilized, and it often requires some
Insect to do this. Tho apiary may
thus servo a double purpose; furnish
the family with sweets and Increase
tho seed, vegetable and fruit production.
Bell off the old sheep.
Whitewash at nny tlmo.
Clover Is nn egg producer.
Give the pullets amplo nests.
A horse with long legs and flat
Bides Is not an easy keeper.
Tho ram Bhould bo in perfect con
dition, but not fat nt mating.
Chickens that go homo to roost
ought to stny homo to scratch.
Hard labor in tho orchard is almost
sure to mean hard cash in tho bank.
The cleaner tho stalls aro kept, tho
less the amount of bedding required.
If your horso hns broken feet, have
him shod with a good tar and oakum
pack.
Rub tho window panes with ohl
newspapers it will let In tho sua
Bhlno. Any time In the year Is the right
time to begin planning for an aspara
gus plot.
If tho gardon is fall plowed tt means
you can plant at least a week earlier
next spring.
If (he churn Is likely to remain
Idlo for some lime, keep It filled with
llmo water.
Selling the young heifers, that aro
from tho best cows Is moving back
ward In darirylng.
Intelligence in hurrying feeds for
tho dairy cow 13 ono way of increasing
profits on the farm.
Ono big advantage of tho hog rais
ing industry is that the hogs glvo
quick and profitable returns.
In breaking a colt, remember that
It Is an easy matter to overload and
ruin him by causing him to balk.
Sprained tendons and Joints arc
often tho effect of long-grow'n hoofs
contlnunlly tamping on solid floors.
j
Perhaps a banking of tho cow shed
on tho north sldo would mako It more
comfortable for the cow this winter.
To get tho "beBt results tho dairy
should bo well ventilated, fly proof
und at somo distance from the sheds.
Ono mlBtako In hcnculturo is not
to feed tho hen well when she,- Is
"dry." A molting hen Is doing hard,
work.
After hens are through laying they
should bo sold to thobutcher unless
they aro needed for breeders next
season.
Tho actual cost to keep added to
tho Bervice fee of tho sire, represents
the amount at which horses you raise
stand you.
It does not require any great abil
ity at figures to show that thoro Is a
great waste in selling hogs when they
are but half fed. .
Salt, hardwood ashes and charcoal
are Ideal to keep In hog pasturo, and
If there Is any other ono thing need
ed it Is puro water.
Never whip a balky horse. Sel)
him If you can't manage him and let
the other follow match his temper
against that of the horso.
Tho'so who are feeding bundle corn
to their cattle must make arrange
ments to havo hogs follow them or
the waste will bo too great.
Fruit for breakfast, fruit for dinner,
fruit for supper, and somo between
times. It is the key to good health.
Let tho children eat liberally.
Green bono Is a complete food. !(
contains tho nitrogen fortho albumen,
the phosphuto for tho bones of the
chicks and carbonaceous matter foi
the yolks.
Tho secret of a good strawberr
crop is to set out a new patch each
alternato spring. A lnrge family
ought to bo more than supplied by
130 points.
When planning for grain crop and
live Btock improvements, don't forget
about the fruit and vegetables for the
farm means moro contentment and
better health.
Tho dairyman who will sell oft each
season two or throe of his poorest
cows will soon Improve his herd if ho
replaces them by heifers raised from
his best cows.
Either clover or alfalfa hay, corn
and cotton seed meal aro tho cheap
est and most cfllclent feeds that you
can use together with the corn silage
for fattening steers.
In practically every town thero Is
a good market for dairy products nnd
fresh eggs, as well as some of tho
other farm products, at the leading
hotel, restaurant or bakery. Cultivate
their trado and you will bo surprised
to see how profitable It can be made.
It takes a llttlo moro than 2 per
cont, of an animal's wolght to keep it
up to normal condition without
making any gains and if exposure to
cold and rain and storms aro to bo
counted against it the feeder can
easily see where his profit goes glimmering.
COMFORTABLE HOUSES MAKE 2 UTTERS
OF PIGS PRACTICABLE-THREE GREAT BREEDS
Good Hog Raisers Try to Have Sows Commence Farrowing About
March 1 Building Shown in Illustration Is Convenient and
Pleasant for Animals Duroc-Jersey Is Popular.
NOKTM
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PCNS
6UTSIDE
Ground Plan of Well
Most good hog raisers who have
warm buildings try to havctheir sows
commence farrowing about March 1,
but without good houses this is im
practicable. Without a good house
two litters a year cannot bo raised to
advantage, because tho spring pigs
must bo put off until so Into that the
fall litters, do not get well started be
fore cold weather, but with a good
hoiiBe two litters can wejl bo raised.
What is the necessary coBt of hous
ing a litter? Where lumber Is $25 to
$35 a thousand, good slngle-wallcd
houses need not cost over $10 to $20
a pen, and doublelwnlled $20 to $30 a
pen. It Is doubtful economy, under
most conditions, to make them cost
over $30 a pen, and very good sheds
are sometimes made for Icbb than $10
a pen. It Is easy to get too much ex
pense Into any building, and the hog
house is no exception. No ono can
afford for nny purpose a building bo
expensive that interest nnd deprecia
tion will cat up Its usefulness.
Possibly the cheapest house posslblo
Is a low building with a singlo row of
pens nnd no alley, but such a house
Is very Inconvenient, especially In
stormy weather. A hog house should
always stand cast and west, facing
tho south, bo that tho maximum
amount of sunshine may bo had in
each pen.
One of tho most serviceable struc
tures tho writer has ever seen was
built by a prominent Duroc breeder.
Thl6 house haB been copied by many
farmers. Tho house Is 22x3C feet and
contains ten pens.
The gates acrosB tho alley nil lift
off their hinges so they can bo re
moved or replaced in a moment. Tho
fronts of the pens. next to tho alley aro
WINTER CARE FOR
HORSES AND RIULES
Animals Not Injured During Cold
Weather if Given Good Feed
and Warmth.
Horses that are well fed and given
warm, woll-beddcd stables and care
fully hnndled arc not Injured by being
worked In cold weather. Give good
dally grooming, plenty to eat, water
regularly, provide good ventllntioiii
clean tho stables every morning, nnd
let tho sun" Bhlno into the stable.
Sunshine nnd puro air is of prime
importance. Manure nllowed to re
main In tho stable will ferment and
poison tho air of tho stablo and give
tho horBcs lung dlsoasc. When horses
are brought In at night from hard
work nib the legs down with bands
of straw, and if warm blanket; when
cooled off, removo blunket, taking
care that they arc not exposed to
draughts. When out with team carry
blankets to put on each horse If ho
Is to stand out In the cold when warm
any length of time. Carringo horscB,
which It is desirable Bhould havo a
shiny coat, may wear linen covers but
toned roTlnd tho breast and having a
cropper attached.
When a horso 1b worked hard, his
food should chiefly be oats and corn.
These grains supply moro nourish
ment and flesh making material than
any other kind of food. Give good
mixed hay, Just what will bo eaten up
clean.
A careful hand will save his wages
In tho feeding nnd caro of his team.
For severe work mules aro superior to
horses. If humanely handled they nre
as docile as tho horse, much less li
able to disease. A grass pasturo at
tached to tho barn will bo a great con
venience. Tho horses when not at
work may bo turnod out to grazo and
for exercise when' tho weather is suit
able. Stablo the stock In rainy
weather. Do no turn stock out when
thn ground Is wet, as the sod will bo
injured.
To Drive Out Bees.
Tho American Dee Journal prints a
report from England, which states
that cloths soaked in a weak carbolic
acid solution, it laid over tho filled
supers underneath their covers, will
quickly drivo all bees out of them, and
tho supers may then bo removed. If
this does not affect the taste of tho
honey, it is a short cut in gathering
the crop.
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Arranged Hog House.
nil looso panels which lift out. In
this way tho whole house can ho
mndo into ono largo room in n fow
moments, Tho houso 1b well ventilated
und is uniiBunlly convenient and com
fortable for tho hogs.
Thero aro threo great breeds of
hogs, and in tho order of their numbers
they aro Poland-Chinas, Duroc-Jerscys
and UerkshlreB. Tho Duroc-Jersey hog
is rapidly becoming moro popular,
and deservedly so. They havo nil tho
good points of tho Poland-Chlnus, but
tho sowb havo larger litters of pigs
and tho ability to save them, while the
fat hogs when ready for market out
weigh Poland-China hogs of tho samo
ago and finish. Tho Duroc-Jersey nnd
tho Polond-Chlnn breeds originated .In
Ohio, nnd constitute tho corn bolt
typo of hog. Long grown by breeders
who selected for neatness of .frame, a
result favored by a ration, principally
corn, which conslstod largely of fnt
and carbohydrates, and low In content
of protein und calcium salts, hogs of
these two breeds are chunky, onrly ma
turing and producers of tho best lard
In the world. Hogs of these breeds
aro fine of bono and futten easily at
early ages, making possible tho largo
run of 175 nnd 200-pound hogs that
wero so much In demand during tho
present year and always find a ready
market.
Though of the flno-boned, meat-built
chunky typo of hog tho nuroc-.Icrsey
Is not so extreme as tho Poland
China, being Bomewhat larger and
possessing moro Bcalo. Their color Is
a rich red or mahogany, nnd is very
pleasing. Tho faults of tho breed aro,
a tendency towards too lnrgo litters of
undersized plgB, faulty backs and a
tendency to sandy colors.
LITTLE DIFFERENCE
IN DAIRY BREEDS
Milk Function Requires Certair
Amount of Care, Whether
Jersey or Holstein.
When the bust results aro desired
In dairy work, thero lo very llttlo to
bo bald regarding the difference In
caro between tho different dairy
breeds, suys Hoard's Dairyman. Milk
function requires a certain kind of
care, whothor It Is found in tho Jersey,
Ayrshire, Guernsey or Holstein. Tho
moment wo expect a dairy cow to rus
tle for her living, that moment sho be
gins to dopreclnto as a aalry animal.
The mllk-mnklng function of the mod
ern dnlry cow Is to a largo degree ar
tificial, and to keep it up to tho high
est stato to which It has been devel
oped requires what might bo term
ed artificial environment and feed
ing. Wo prcsumo that if wo would
study of thu history of tho AyrBhlres.
GuernBoys nnd Jerseys, wo would And
that tho Ayrahlro cow lias boon forced
to do more rustling, living under moro
ruggod and rough conditions, than
either tho Jersey or Guernsey, Tho
Ayrshire comes from a country tho
climate of which Is colder, pastures
rougher, and porhaps Icbb productlvo
than the countries in which the Guern
seys nnd Jerseys originate. Hut as
tho milk-making function becomes de
veloped and tho animal Is called upon
to do a larger nmount of work, it
demands, whothor In tho case of Ayr
shire, Jersey or any other breed, nbout
the same kind of caro and treatment
for tho best results. If, how-over, we
should reason back to tho environ
ments under which tho Ayrshire,
Guernsey and Jorsoy originated, It
would perhaps not bo out of pluco to
say that tho Ayrshire would bo n bet
ter hustler for her feed than tho Jer
sey or Guernsey.
Good Potato Crop.
A crop of potatoes at tho rato of 550
buBhelB per aero is reported by W. II,
Hewitt of Kennebec county, Mo. The
Held comprises only one-third of nn
aero. The variety was Green Moun
tain nnd tho fortlllzer hon manure.
Tho crop was Bprayed six tlraoB dur
ing the season.
Kafir Corn Fodder.
Kafir corn fodder has nbout the
same feeding .value as corn fodder,
and can be used in tho samo way.
fiSSSJ
PROPER FEED FOR CHICKENS
Considerable Studying and Expert'
mentlng Required to Ascertain
What Laying Hens Need.
t l)y K. A. GIUMES.)
It takes considerable studying nnd
experimenting to find out Just what
tho hens need, and how much they
ought to have, but wo must learn ns
soon ns wo can, or wo will find our
poultry Is not so profitable ns it ought
to bo. Tho feeding question is ono
of tho most Important in tho wholo
poultry business,
Experts tell ub that n - hen needs
about six ounces of food per day A
flock of ton, then, will need nbout
3 pounds per day, or n trlflo over
20 pounds n week.
Of thlB amount two-thirds by weight
Bhould consist of grains. Tho grain
should bo a mixture of equal parts
wheat, cracked corn and oats. A fow
handfuls of sunflower seed, cane need
or buckwheat Bhould be added for va
riety. They aro to tho hen what pie
1b to tho boy, and you know what
that is.
Tho other third should bo mash,
which Ib a mixture of bran and other
finely ground feeds, usually fed dry.
Some poultrymcn moisten tho mash,
but tho majority claim that It Is hot
ter to feed it dry and let tho hen
moisten It In her crop by drinking
what water she wants. If fed dry there
zm
Hopper for Feeding Grit, Sheila or
Mnsh.
Ib less danger from certain kinds ot
disease.
f A good formula for a mash is ns
follows: Ono-hnlf bushel of bran, 4
qunrtB of alfalfa meal, 2 quarts each
of ground oats and corn incal, table
spoonful ot salt nnd 1 tnblcBpoonful
of popper.
IMPORTANCE OF PURE FOOD
Experience of Long Island Duck Ra!a
cr lo Given Trouble Located In
Sand Given Fowls.
To show tho importanco of purity
In food, nn experience of A. J. Hal
lock, tho Long Islnnd duck raiser, is
worth quoting: At ono tlmo a lot ol
duckB wore sick nnd off tholr food;
they wore dying and no cuuso could
bo discovered. All tho Ingredients of
tho Boft food wero thoroughly exnnv
lncd und found to bo nil right, and it
wub a myBtcry na to tho sourco of
tho trouble. Finally ono dny tho feed
er happened to catch tho odor from
tho sand thoy were using nnd found
it to bo very foul. It had been dug
out of the bottom of tho creek near
whero the ducks had run nnd was cup
posed to bo nil right, but It proved that
tho lccchlngB rom tho duck yards had
flown down over It and rendored It
impure, nnd this resulted in tho trou
ble mentioned. Tho throwing out ol
this and tho substitution of perfectly
clean, puro Hand remedied the dilll
culty. Health goes with a clean body, in
side as well as out
Plenty of grit for tho flock will
mean fewer digestive troubles.
Leghorns aro nervous fowhJ, nnd ex
citement decreased tho egg yield.
A lousy, dyspeptic fowl In a very
good representative of tho cholera
victims,
Nover placo ducks In close, Btr.ffy
quarters. Thoy need plonty of air nnd
dry floors.
A London remedy for roup Is about
throo drops of camphor on a piece
of broad.
A damp henhoueo Ib a disease broad
er, and dampness and filth nro n very
bad combination.
No wondor somo men'B hens novel
weigh anything. Tho llco havo Just
ubout carried them.
Spraying a chicken house with 1 to
20 solution of lime-sulphur will ef
fectually destroy all nltu and llae.
Middlings and corn meal wet with
skim milk makes n fine forcing feed
for culls that are to bo mnrkoted.
A good nest egg may be mado by
blowing out tlio contents of nn egg
und filling tho shell with wet cement.
Aro tho hens roosting out on the
treos theso cold nights? Hotter get
them in and avoid frozen combe and
feet.
Those who havo tried it claim that
a toaspoonful of Venetian red in a
gallon of drinking water lo & good
bowel troublo preventive
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flow smoothly everything would go,
How nicely nit things would bo run,
flow sweetly nil tho winds would blow,.
How fairly nit things would bo dono,.
How quickly wo should do nway
Willi every evil Hint distresses,
tr cncli ninn might possess today
Tho chnnco somo other man possesses.
flow suddenly the Hklen would clear,
How quickly sorrowing would ccnae,
HoiV soon our Ills would disappear,
How fast our fortunes would Increase,
How quickly from emth's brond cxpnnst
Tlio thing culled fulluro would bo driven,
(f ench man could possess tlio chnnco
That to soma other man Is cWcn.
Serious Mistake.
Tho arresting ofllccr said ho didn't
know Just how tho troublo had start
ed; but It Booms, according to tho tco
tlmouy offorcd in polico court, that:
Mra. McTIguo hit Mr. McTlguo over
tho head with a rolling pin.
Mr. McTlguo wns staggorod, but be
ing game, ho enmo up smiling and
knocked his wlfo ngnlnst tho ropes,
with a half-arm hook.
After sparring for an oponlng, Mrs.
MoTlguo got hold of tho rolling pin
again, feinted with hur left, nnd thon
Boaked hor hubby over tho right oyo.
Ho was still dreaming when tho po
liceman nrrlvcd.
After tho testimony had been taken
and Mr. McTlguo had stepped down
from tlio stand a stranger arose und
eatd:
"If tho court please, I would lllto to
nflk for -tho dismissal of these peoplo.
Tholr detention, is interrupting my
business, and tho policeman who mndo
tho arrests deserves to bo Hovoroly
censured."
"I am unable to fathom your mean
ing, sir," tho Judgo rotumed.
"Thon I will explain," said tho
stranger. "I had secured tho ltlneto
scope privileges on this fight, nnd un
less it can bo resumed at once, I'll suo
tho city for damages."
A public apology was thon mndo by
tho authorities, and tho nffalr went on
to a finish without further interrup
tion. Her Liberal Dad.
"My father is trying to got mo to
promise not to marry until I tun thir
ty yearB old," sho said, "hi any ovont,
he says ho will glvo mo n thousand
dollnrs for every year that I wait,"
"Geo," ho replied, "If you hold out
till you'ro thirty you'll havo n couplu
of thousand dollars, won't you?"
He Found Out.
"What Ib that ugly-looking building
acrosB tho Bquaro?" askod tho vlsitoff-
"That la our city hall," replied tho
chairman of tho reception committee"
"Heavens! Whoever could havo de
signed such a monstrosity ns that?"
"I did."
More to the Purpooe.
"Aro you in favor of n ton-hour
Jny?"
"I don't caro anything nbout thf
iaysi," replied young noundorloy, "but
It would bo a Jolly good thing if we
could have twenty-four-hour night."
Artistic Temperament.
"Your daughter seoius to havo such
an artistic temperament."
"Yes. She slapped tho cook yester
day morning becauso the coffoo was
bad."
Skeptical,
"Do you really bellovo Goorgo
Washington never told n Ho?"
"I HometimcB doubt it. Ho was a
property owner and must havo had to
fix up a tax schedule"
Long Tlrnc
"How long have you boon married
Mrs. Sylphllko?"
"Threo years."
"Dear mol Why?"
t
Wasn't His Fault
"Pa, whero was Washington born?"
"In Virginia, my ooni You must re
member that Ohio waH not then in tho
Union."
Poor and Puny.
What a poor, puny, shirvoled flguro
Merit always appears to Conceit.
OfflEIWMCl
