NOTES cW
MEjM)0WBROOK
SELECTION OF THE HEAD OF SWINE HERD
REQUIRES MOST CAREFUL CONSIDERATION
Future Usefulness and Development of Offspring Demand Thought
and Good Judgment at Mating Period No Trouble to Se
cure Two Litters in One Year if Care Is Exercised.
FARM
BpWMaAn.PMb
pomnar
4 1- M
V. X
fe.
TREAT FOWLS FOR CHOLERA
Sharp Axo Is Advocated Where Dis
ease Has Reached Advanced Stage
Use Good Common Sense.
Tho best troatement for fowls In
in ndvanced stago of cholera Is tho
instant ubo of n sharp axo and the
complote burning of tho carcass, says
tho Farm nnd Firosldo. Thoso mildly
,." ":m ' ".'ttT,Ti' ".if, , i- , i
1
Kj
Savo somo of the old bows.
Koop tho colts In condition.
Single crop farming Is disastrous.
Large-flaked bran makes good food.
Scab often attacks calves while in
the stable.
The laying flock will make good use
of surplus sklmmllk.
Corn, hogs and alfalfa Is a1 pleas
ing and profitable combination.
A box stall Is better than tho pas
ture for the lamo horse needing rest.
For flttlng sheep for winter, no bet
ter feed can be found than Just plain
oats.
Red clover in bloom Is not good for
hogs, but when young It makes a fine
pasture.
A lump of rock salt kept In tho barn
yard or pasturo constantly, Is better
than the weekly "salting."
Green feed fed to milk cows will
insuro larger profltB, and as a good
aid to this result Is a silo.
i
Extra feed for the turkey flock from
now on will mean extra pounds of
weight by Thanksgiving tlmo.
See that you calves don't get poor
this fall, for If they do tho chances
are they will stay poor all winter.
Tho fleece of tho rams should be
dense, even in quality, and of a
strong, clear white fiber throughout
After mated, give your birds tho
best sanitary conditions possible, and
keep tho houses free from llco and
mites.
Make it a rule to count the biddies
every day. Somo folks never do this.
They might bo robbed and never
know it.
A choking cow may sometimes bo
relieved by using a greased rubber
hose as a ram to force tho obstruc
tion down.
The common method of flushing the
ewes is to turn them onto some fresh
succulent pasturo that has been saved
up for them.
In a very Bhort time, ground bono,
meat scraps, etc., will have to take tho
place of bugs and worms in tho daily
diet of the flock.
It is well to fight shy of the dairy
cow that Is offered for salo cheap
these days. At best she is probably
good only for beef.
To make fall pigs do well they muBt
bo provided with warm sleeping
quarters day and night, and filled with
sunshine during tho day.
Buttermilk Is an excellent food for
tho growing stock. It may either bo
fed as a, drink or mixed in a mash
food. Sweet milk 1b also good.
The demand for dairy products will
never fall off seriously so long ns
quality is good and the present rate
of increase In population continues.
Whether corn should be planted In
rows or In hills for silage purposes de
pends largely upon whether tho soil Is
badly infested with weed seed or not.
Every sheep In the flock ought to
pass under the eye of the owner at
least once a day in order that he may
discover his very first signs of dis
ease. Culling the flock properly Is the
mainspring of bucccss In poultry farm-
, ing. If you havo neglected this very
important matter do it now. There Is
yet time.
When pure-bred swine are kept for
breeding purposes they should be
given every opportunity for bone and
muscle development rather than the
production of fat.
Chicks hatched In June, July and
August begin laying In February and
March and lay enough the first season
to pay for the extra care. Hold on to
pullets hatched during theso months.
Every acre of land that does not
produce a crop is a burden to Its
owner. It coats money to lot land
lie Idlo and it Is just as much of a
mistake as Idleness in a henlthy man
is a crime.
Keep a high grade sire at the head
of your flock of sheep which will allow
you to conscientiously charge your
neighbor tho high-price for a cholco
ram for JjIs flock. That's tho way to
do business.
Give tho sheep puro water.
Growing pigs requlro protein.
Keop tho young cockorcls separate
Tho hog has paid oil many a mort
gage Tho richer tho cream tho less dan
gor of souring.
Thoro is money in raising colts.
Stick to draft breeds.
Koop tho- fall pigs separated from
tho Bhoats and older hogs.
Do not lot tho colts run down In con
dition on frost-bltton grass. ,
The final rinsing of milk palls
should bo In boiling hot wator.
Tho most expensive bull that a man
can buy Is generally a "cheap" bull.
Tho nourishment in skim milk 1b
most available If fed before It cools.
All stirring up and handling of dry
feeds should bo loft until after milk
ing.
The possibilities of the hog is mat
ter almost wholly In tho hands of tho
feeder.
Tho stallion that .Is worked regu
larly evory day will get tho most
and best colts.
Lay the foundation for a pure-bred
herd by buying a few good thorough
bred sow plgB now.
An occasional washing of tho churn
with llmo wator will keep It from get
ting that offensive smell.
Don't loavo your straw-roofed shod
covered with snow to drip down on
the young calves and pigs.
A halter-wise weanling colt means
an easily handled horse when it is
time to put him in harness.
Make a Saturday afternoon chore ot
cleaning the poultry houBc and so in
sure Its being done regularly.
Sour milk Is moro relished by
fowls than sweet milk; sweet sklm
mllk is best for mixing mashes.
If tho hogs are dying and the cause
cannot bo found, havo an oxpoit hold
several post mortem examinations.
Two very Important points In rais
ing poultry are to koop plenty of grit
before your fowls and not to overfeed
them.
A Kentucky bulletin says that a lit
tle alum In the drinking wator Is
among tho best preventives of chicken
diseases.
If tho best of results aro to bo had
In tho winter dairy some provision
should bo made for at least a small
root crop.
When a farmer growB corn to round
up and finish off hogs for market,
there Is sure to be a nice bank acount
to his credit.
Cows found chewing old bones,
pieces of wood, manure, etc., need a
change of feed. They crave for some
thing do not get
Milk vats made of slato or metal
aro preferablo to thoso made1 of wood,
because they aro moro easily kept in
a sanitary condition.
Amonc the men who havo been
phenomenally successful on tho farm
those who have followed dairying
stand out pre-eminently.
If you havo neglected to do so, re
move the Bhoes from tho work horses,
nnd .see to It that the colts have their
feet In condition for tho winter.
Tho herd can be made to yield
much moro butter-fat only through
careful breeding. This Is a condition
that cannot bo influenced by feed.
In every 100 pounds of milk there
aro 87 pounds of water. That Is why
a good milk cow drinks so much wa
tor and that is why it should be pure
Thoro Is a great reduction in the
meat supply, which should be ta
ken up by chickens and eggs, but It
cannot bo done if they aro not pre
duced.
Tho nnythlng-wlll-do method of man
aging a fall und winter dairy 1b not
conducive to the receipt of satlsfac
tory bank-check returns at tho end ol
the month.
If you arc Interested In lessening
tho drudgery connected with dairying,
why not Investigate tho merits of the
litter carrier? It means a big Raving
of tlmo and labor. fr
Common cows are still selling for
from $25 to $40. Grade cows of dairy
breeding, In communities whore all
the cattle have been Improved through
dairy breeding, are bringing from $50
to $80 per head. It pays to use a pure
bred sire.
A good way to earn money Is to
combine tho dairy nnd poultry plants
on tho farm. In other words, food
the milk to tho chickens. For fatten
ing or for laying birds, there Is noth
lug bettor. It does not mako much
dlfferenco, either, what kind of milk
you glvo them. Sour and buttermilk
are as good as any, while sweet milk
and curd tiro good.
Grand Champion Improved Chester White Boar.
Careful consideration must bo exor
cised when selecting a boar for a herd
of sows. Tho futuro usefulness and
development of his offspring requires
thought and good judgment at tho
mating period, snys H. II. Stono In
Natlonnl Stockman. Wo cannot af
ford to uso a scrub or a pedigreed
runt under any consideration., Re
member thcro aro about 2,000 pigs In
tho first ten generations, and It Is
essential to develop them along pro
fitable lines. One day spent at mat
ing period, regardless of distances, to
And a good pure-bred boar will ob
viate a year of disappointment.
A litter of eight good pigs from a
pure-bred boar mated with a choice
sow will requlro less feed, and when
grown will produco 50 pounds of
meat per pig moro than scrubby ones,
thus making 400 pounds of additional
meat without additional expense. Our
Experience shows that a sow that
grows eight pigs to maturity twlco a
year is a moro profitable sow than
one that produces more pigs and fails
to develop them.
Usually tho sow has sufficient milk
for eight, nnd when thoy are allowed
to suckle six to eight weokB tho pigs
are in prime condition to wean with
out having any setback. Tho sow can
generally bo bred successfully on the
third day' after weaning, and It Is no
troublo to havo her produco two lit
ters per year If you glvo her tho
proper attention. Watch her on tho
AVERAGE QUALITY
OF OUR HORSES
Mare Owners Should Appreciate
Value of Pure-Bred Stal
lions in Breeding.
(By C. W. M'CAMPnELU Kansas )
Improvement In the average quality
of our horses rests with tho mare own-
crs and tho sooner they como to real
ize and appreciate the value of, und to
demand tho services of, good, sound,
pure-bred stallions, tho more certainly
and rapidly will the general averago
of our horses be improved.' It is the
.Intensified inheritance resulting from
many generations of breeding the best
to the best, using no outcrosses, and
always with tho samo ideal and pur
pose In mind, that cnablo tho "pure
bred" to stamp his characters upon
his off-springs. Tho "grade" with two,
three or four topcrossos lacks this in
tensified Inheritance of characters and
his diversified Inheritance precludes
his U6e ns a slro. Those are facts, not
theories. Practical Illustrations mar
be seen on every hand If wo will sim
ply allow ourselves to see them As
an illustration, at a recent farm sale,
colts rising trree, uniform in quality,
ready to do considerable work the
coming season, sold at an averago ot
$76 a head. Colts rising two, averaged
$46. Tho sires of theso colts were or
dinary grado stallions whoso service
fees ranged from $6 to $0. Weanlings
from the same mares but from a very
excellent pure-bred stallion standing
for $15, sold for $101, this being $25
per hend more than rising thrco year
olds brought, duo entirely to the In
fluence of a good, sound, pure-bred
siro. The Bervlco of a grado or scrub
stallion Is expensive even if given free
ot charge. On the otliur hand, do not
breed to a stallion simply because lie
happens to bo registered.
Beware of stallions that nro heredi
tarily unsound, for It Is JiiBt us un
profitable to ruise unsound horses as
It is to raise scrub horses. You may
ask what is meant whon certain un
soundnesses are designated as heredi
tary. It means that such unsound
nesses nro due primarily to a weak
ness of tho part Involved and that this
weakness may bo In tho form of one
or all of tho following conditions:
poor conformation, poor quality of
tissue, or an Indifferent qunltty of J
tissue.
Grease Is Rabblt-Repellant.
It Is not advisable to put nxlu grease
on fruit irees In order to prevent
rabbits and rodents from gnawing
them. A little greaso might not do
any damage, while too much might
Injure tho trees. Whcro tho cllmnto
permits somo green crop, such ns
oats, rje or wheut will tempt tho rab
bits. The trees can also be protected
by wrapplrg them with old paper,
thin boards or screens.
twenty-first day after breeding, and
If necessary turn her with the boar
again.
Tho popularity of tho boar's an
cestors on both the paternal nnd the
nmtornnl side, their ability to repro
duce good speclmcnts for generations,
coupled "with good Individuality of
the breed represented, mako his
value. He must bo a strong, vigdrous
fellow, nctlvo, of good bIzo nnd good
disposition. Pny n prlco hu Is worth
to you, used In your herd. Any boar
Is high priced regnrdlcss of what you
pay for him If ho cannot mako good
on a business basis from a breeder's
standpoint.
High-priced bonrB with popular
anccBtry In tho pedigrees must com
pensate their owners by producing
for them pigs superior to former gen
erations. A boar may bo suro
breeder for one person, and provo a
total fnlluro tho way another mnn
might food nnd care for him. Never
allow him to run nt largo with tho
sows. Havo nn Individual pen and
yard for him.
A good herdsman appreciates his
wants at least six months nhoad of
time. It is poor policy to defer buying
until you want a boar for Immediate
use, and then take what you can get.
When you know you must renew
bo on the lookout for a few months
ahead, nnd then you can buy one to
your satisfaction, both as to prlco
and individuality.
FEEDING SHEEP
DURING WINTER
Value of Regularity in Care of
Animals Demonstrated by
Experiments.
Sheep should bo fed regularly in
tho winter. In fact, as much depends
on tho regularity of feeding as on the
feeding itself. Thoso who aro famil
iar with the characteristics of sheep
know that thoy always boconio reBt
Icsb nbout feeding time.
The vulue of regular feeding has
been demonstrated by experiments
with two flocks, nt a certain western
agricultural experiment station. One
was fed dally at six o'clock In tho
morning und again in tho evening,
while tho other wns fed nt different
times during tho day. Tho result wub
that tho flock fed regularly turned
out In a thrifty condition In tho fol
lowing spring, while the others were
thin and sickly.
Many of tho lntter flock had died
during tho winter, fully eight per cent
of tho lambs had either died at birth
or made only a stunted growth. My
feeding at a sot tlmo every morning
und evening better results will bo at
tained. Tho essentials In the winter
care of sheep are regular feeding,
plonty of water nnd salt and rough
age. PLANTING FRUIT
SEEDS IN FALL
Will Freeze Sufficiently During
Winter to Cause Them to
Sprout in Spring.
UJy V. I.. HOWAItD.)
Largo seeds like peaches and plums
may bo planted In tho full, and thoy
will freeze sufficiently during tho win
ter to causo them to snrout rcntiiiv in
the spring. Small seeds like the apple,
grape, eic, suouiu do mixed with sand
in the fall or early winter, and tiinrw
In a shallow, open box. The boi
should be set flat on the ground on
the north sldo of a building where il
will keep moist and remuln thoro nli
winter to freeze nnd thaw ns often
as It will. The contents of the bos
should never bo nllowcd to dry out
Very enrly In tho spring, Just as soon
as the soil In tho garden will do to
work, tho seeds should bo planted In
rows and covered very lightly. The
seeds may bo separated from tho
sand with a sieve, but this Is unneces
sary, as sand and all may bo sown In
tho row. Tako caro that tho scods do
not becomo dry before they aro plant'
ed. Applo seeds begin growing very
curly, so that caro must bo takon to
get them 4n the ground before sprout
ing begins.
ancctco should bo at onco romovod to
remoto qunrtora nnd thcro treated.
Tho following will provont cholera
among fowls, but plain, common Bcnso
must nlso bo UBed, and plenty of It at
ill ttmes:
After tho coop or houso has boon
thoroughly sprayed with a solution of
one part crudo carbolic ncltl to one
pnrt gasollno nnd throo parts hot wa
ur and nllowcd to dry, spray or bniBh
ill tho Interior, noBtrncks, roosts, etc.,
with hot whltowash. Place clean
3trnw chaff for n litter, and after n
thorough clennlng of tho wnter dishes
or fountains, refill with puro cold wa
ter, to which la added to ench gallon
two ounces of well-dissolved aulphnta
(not sulphlto) of soda. Allow no other
liquid or drink for three weoks or n
month. Disinfect nil runs, etc.,
whore cholera-Infected fowla have
been, with tho acid formula. Food
lightly or not at all on mash foodB,
substituting cracked, mlxod, dry
pains In plnoc, and tho cholera will
loavo. Thoroughness in all pnrtlcu
'ars should bo observed.
VALUE OF ORPINGTON FOWL
One of Most Popular Variety of Chick
ens, Not Only for Ego, but Also
for Its Meat.
Tho Orpington Is ono of tho most
populnr, If not tho most popular fowl.
England deserves tho credit ot hav
ing originated them and to a great
measure for bringing them to tholr
present stnto of perfection, although
wo havo In this country nt this tlmo
breoders who nro producing thous
ands of prlmo specimens nnd gradu
ally Improving them, especially in
color points from year to year.
Tho Orpington la a fowl of value
not only for egg production, In which
thoy nro hard to beat, but a most val
uable body, it being ot good length,
broad, deep and well rounded, mak
ing a carcass when dressed that Is nt
onco nttrnctlvo and hard to equal
Thoy; aro rather Bhort In legs, which
White Orpington Pair.
Btund rather well apart, which oi
course 1b largely duo to tho breadth
nnd depth of tho body. Tho flesh Is
white nnd c&an looking, u point that
tho English prizo highly.
They began to import thom Into
this country somo fifteen years ngo,
and thoy havo boon gradually on tho
lncroaso until, as I said, thoy lead
tho list In popularity, Thoy hav
been bred In many different colors
In England, but this country recog
nizes but tho throo vnrlotloB Duff,
White and Black which seems to
iiufflclontly roprcBcnt tho breed. In
,ypo they aro supposed to be ldentl
cal, In fact should bo. Breeders ol
blacks, however, are Inclined to claim
that this variety moro nearly repre
sents tho Ideal Orpington abapo in
Its full heuvy body, etc.
ULW
s
Ashes scattered undor roosts make
a good absorbent.
Doslrablo eggs nro said to wolgh
about !M ounces to tho dozen.
A good, lively rat terrier will earn
his keep wherever chickens are kopt.
Hot lye water Is very effectlvo in
Lleanlug an old poultry houso or nest
boxes.
Decaying matter of any kind may
harbor the germs that causo llm
berneck. What Is your opinion of tho com
mercial egg foods? Does It pay to
buy thorn?
Don't let your fowls deteriorate. In
ferior roosters lose monoy for youj
get good ones.
Do you know that turkeyB Intended
for breeding should bo well develop
ed und non-related?
Tho wldouwnko, over watchful poul
trymnn Is soldom troubled with Blck
noss among his fowls.
Tho lmrdost part of tho hen busi
ness Is marketing tho eggs. A good
placo to build for success la at tho
marketplnco.
MI3L 1 1 Ti a
I looked Into her oyes
Shu Bned up Into mine,
Sho mulled nnd dimples enmo
And went that were divine.
Hut, oh, I did not daro
To tell her ubo wns fnlr.
Though alio looked Into my eyes
And awctly atnllcd nt me
For thero wero others there.
To llston nnd to see.
Oil, If, when we're atone,
With no ono near to pee,
Slie would look up nB then ,,
She Bwctly looked at mo
Ah, then would I declaro
How Rwcet sho In nnd fnlr,
nut slio never looks or smiles,
Provoking Jlttlo denr,
Bnvo when Bhe In nwnro
Tlint folks nro nenr to hear!
Flnrn ninlnmnf.
"Mrs. Trolawnoy," Bald FranclB Wal
llngford, "thoro Ib something that I
havo for a long tlmo wishod to say to
you."
Tho president of tho Society for tho
Squolchlng of Husbands looked over
her glasses nnd frowned. Sho ovl
dontly knew what wub coming, but
after n moment's sllcnco sho said in
her most Impressive plntform tonoa:
"Well, go on. What Is It?"
"I I lovo your daughter, MIbb
Olndys. I havo reason to bellovo that
sho returns my pnsslon, and I want
to nsk you to glvo hor Into my keop
Ing." Mrs. Trclawnoy's fentures hardqn
od, and thoro was n cold, metallic ring
In her volco ns sho answored:
"What rocommondatlon havo you to
oft'er for yourself? How can you con
vlnce mo that you will always lovo
hor that you will always think her
beautiful?"
"Sho looks llko her mother," said.
Francis Walllngford. "Tlint Is enough
to convlnco mo that hor beauty will
not diminish nB her years Increase.
Of courso, I know that thlB can hard
ly bo regarded as a final tost You
havo not reached tho ago at which
women bogln to lose .their"
Thoy were Interrupted then, but hr
got tho girl.
Man Who Scoffed.
Ho used to scoff at women,
Called thorn foolish, bralnloas things
Who would Bell tholr souls for droBscs,
Or for necklaces or rings.
Ho scorned them for their efforts
To bo beautiful nnd sweet,
But there chnnced to bo a woman
Fnto had destined him to meet
Sho waa neither good nor lovely,
Though ho fondly thought hor bo;
Sho waa mostly artificial,
But, poor, fool, ho didn't know!
Today men look In pity
On tho man who UBed to scoff,
And wonder what will hnppon
When tho mask
falls
off.
Beginning to Doubt.
"Nope," snld Mr. Rockwoll, as ho
Alped his gluBPCH, "I'm afraid John's
collcgo education ain't goln' to do him
much good, after nil." "Why, Silas,"
his anxious wife cried, "what makes
you say that?" "Ho admitted in tho
(tore K'Btorduy that there wub Btlll
a fow things 1 knew more about than
him."
Business,
Mamma "Has Mr. Dorranco given
you any reason to bellovo that ho
means business?" Clara "Business!
I should think ho did mean business!
I am sick of tho word business. All
he hnB talked about tho last thrco
tlmcB he has been hero waa papa's
business."
One for Her.
He Goethe snyB one cannot always
ie a hero.
She Well, since 1'vo como to krow
you bettor, I am convinced that no
cunnot always be n fool, elthor.
duz
