r '- ul T ' I SAN JOSE SCALE DOES IMMENSE HARM TO MANY PROFITABLE ORCHARD TREES Usually Farmer or Fruit Grower Does Not Discern Trouble Until Too Late to Employ Ordinary and Practicable 'r Methods of Eradication. Infested twig to right; Immature scale above; Infested pear fruit (By FRANKLIN SHEUMAN, JP. . En tomologist, North Carolina Depart ment of Agriculture.) The San J030 scalo doc3 great harm to orchard treca which become infested, unless they bo thoroughly and persistently treated. Iu order to combat it to the best advantage some knowledge of Its life-history, habits, means of spread, etc., la necessary. Trees that are badly infested with the San Jose scale appear as if they Iliad boen dusted over with ashes. If the branches and twigs where the Insects ,are numerous bo scraped with a knlfo it will bo seen that thla unnatural covering is quite easily removed, com ing off in little flaky patches. Each of the little circular gray objects Is a separate scale, each covering a tiny yellow Insect underneath. On thickly infested branches they often become so crowded that the scales ar piled ver one another so that the real bark of the tree Is not vislblo at all. Branches and twlgB which are only slightly or moderately Infested will Tiot be thus completely covered over, ,and the bark may bo of its ordinary jcolor and appearance excopt hero and Ithere along tho branches where the .'scattering scales are found. Tho larg est full-grown scales are about tho size of an average pinhead. They can, therefore, be doteoted by any person who has In tho beginning an Intelli gent Idea of tho Insect, has sharp eyes, and who happens to look la the right place. Usually tho farmer or fruit grow er does not know that there Is any eerlous trouble until the troes begin to die. By that tlmo they are covered by the scales and present the ashy ap pearance. Then, If tho owner finds that his trouble is San Jose scale, ho jls apt to think that It la only on thoso .trees that present tho unnatural ap pearance, when in reality it may al ready be on every tree in tho orchard. Such a mistake often costs tho lives of many trees, since tho ownor, in stead of examining closely and treat ing every Infested tree, as ho should do, Blmplytakes out thoso which are already in dying condition, and then, because ho seea no more of Blmilar appearance, ho Imagines ho haB exter minated It, whon as a matter of fact .other trees moderately or slightly in ifestod still stand In tho orchard and .soon begin to die, having In tho moan ;tlme spread the Insect Into still othor trees, and so on, until the whole orch ard may bo ruined. , Where tho scales are not numerous Enough to crowd ono anothor oach in dividual grows to somewhat largor ,slze than when thoy are crowded. The San Jose Scale. ; The full-grown female insects al- ways remain under their circular scales and thero give birth to their iSEEDS FOR SPRING CROPS SOWN IN FALL 'Ground Should Be Deep and Mellow, With Moist Soil, Until Plants Are Rooted. Seeds for the spring crops are sown in September, from the Hfteonth to tho twentieth, for tho first sowing, nnd the first week in October for the late seeding, says the Baltimore Amor Icon. Have the ground deop and mel low. Sow one quart of wood ashes and one pint of bone (lour ovor each elx-foot square bod and rake it In, ithon sow the seed and cover lightly .with fine earth. Keep the Boll moist until plants aro well rooted. Tho ob ject Is to get good, strong, young plants, with plenty of fibrous roots. These plants aro set out In ridges the last week In October or In tho cold frames. The plants are set deop on tho north side of ridge of earth. Where tho winter temperature Is not below zero for more than a day or so dur ing tho winter, tho plantB, If well grown, can bo Bet out In tho open ground. A slight covering of brush scales In center; full grown female to left, showing reddish blotches. living young, for this species does net lay eggs a3 is the case with most in sects. The males, on the othor hand, finally develop Into tiny two-winged fly-like Insects, but In consequence of their sex thoy can not play much part In spreading the Insect, as young can only be born whoro females aro pres ent, nnd these, aB we have stated, re main attached to the twigs. The insect was not dlscoverell Jn tho eastern United States until August, 1893. At that time it was found in Charlottesville, Va. It was Boon found that tho infested troeo were purchased from nurseries which had been Introducing stock from Cali fornia. Then fruitgrowers and ento mologists began 'to inspect orchards especially for this pest, and In 1S97, five years after Its dlacovocy In Vir ginia, it was known to exist In twenty states cast of tho Mississippi river. One thorough spraying (or washing), each year with proper remedies, will keep tho San Joso scalo in good con trol. This 1b amply proven by tho ex pcrlenco of hundreds of our fruitgrow ers and farmers every year. It Is best to give tho treatment In j lato winter, before tho buds have opened (February or early March), but any time after the leaves aro shed In fall and before tho buds open in spring will do. Spraying with a regu lar spray pump Is by far tho best; method. For this treatment the great majority of growers depend on llmo sulphur wasfi (either commercial or tho home-made), or soluble oil (of which thero are several brands). Although tho wolght of opinion Is In favor of lato winter as tho ono best time to spray for scale, yet a few peo ple prefer fall spraying, and somo even spray both In fall and late win ter, though wo do not think this Is necossary as a regular practice. Fall spraying Is dono afterVall fruit has been gathered, when tho leaves have begun to drop, or soon after they havo dropped. For fall spraying wo bellove there aro special advantages in using tho solublo oils, as they will penotrato more of the small crevices nnd rench a largor percentage of tho small young scales which pass tho winter. On the othor hand tho llmo-sulphur solutions leave a coating on tho branches so that whon they aro ap plied in lato winter this coating acts nn ft considerable nrotoctlon to tho trees during spring and early summer. So, If ono wants to como as near as possible to exterminating tho scales we believe that the beat plan would be to use soluble oil In fall and lime sulphur In Into winter. But wo want to emphaslzo the fact that tho Insects are so small that absoluto extermina tion 1b Impracticable (If not absolute ly Impossible), nnd oven at tho best wo must expect, and plan, to treat in fested trees onco oach year. or long, strawy manure, "spread quito thin over tho rows tho latter part of December will glvo all tho protection required. In the western counties of the stato tho plants should he set in tho cold frames about two Inches apart each way and protected by glass and straw mata during severo weathor. Plenty of air must bo given even In cold weather to keep the plants tough. Cabbage and black-seeded lettuco should be sown this month for tho lato winter and early spring markets. Plant shallots for early spring greens this month; plant tho bulbs In good soil In rows ono foot apart, tho bulbs being six Inches apart. In flavor they aro stronger than onions; thoy aro largely used for eating green and fla voring soups. Training Colts. Of two colts similar In disposition and sense, one may develop Into a steady and valuable family horse, while tho other may bo everything that Is vicious, treachorous and unsafo nil because of the difference In the men handling thorn. Navel Disease. Many colts dlo of navel dtBeaso con tracted nt foaling time. Tie the cord tightly with silk string and cut away tho portion below the tlo. Wet tho rest for a fow days with disinfectant; METHOD OF USift WINDMILLS Especially Adapted for Pumping Irri gation Water for Garden and Sup plementary Supply. (Uy a E. P SMITH. Ariioim Expert mem Station.) Tho records of wind movoment show considerable difference In tho amount of wind In different months, but tho wind for any month Is npproximatoly Iho annio on succeeding years. In any locality, therefore tho oxperlcnco of ono or two years will enable nn ob sorvnnt ranchor to know In advance how much ground It Is safo to plant. Wherever windmills are much used, It Is customary to build reservoirs close by. For houso service and cattlo waturlnjg they sbrvo as storage to pro vldo for periods of calm weather. For Irrigation ubos they aro too small to bo of importance as storage, but they servo as accumulators of water, per haps for sovcral days, nnd whon thoy aro filled tho water can bo drawn out and applied to tho flelda In a few hours. Thus thoy aavo the Irrigator's tlmo and thoy sortire an Irrigating "head" which can Iw gotten over tho ground as desired, it is not desirablo to build large reservoirs, ns the, loss by evaporation and seepage U then of greater moment than tho gain In othor directions Fortunniely tho months of greatest wind movoment aro the spring nnd early summer months, which Include tho best growing season. In order to tako advantngo of tho high winds of early spring, tho garden irrigator should borrow from the dry farmpr the method of water storage in tho soil. During the season before seed Is planted, heavy irrigations can bo Given, preferably In deop furrows, and after each division of tho gnrdon is thus treated, the furrows should bo covered by cultivation to prevent- tho escape of tho moisture. If tho soil Is loamy and deep and retentive, fif teen to twenty Inches depth of water can be advantageously stored In this way. If tho boII Is shallow and under lain by porous gravola, such irriga tions uro a wasto of time and water. There are two conditions in which windmills nro especially adapted for Irrigation pumping. First, for the house and garden lot, whero no other pumping plant Is available nnd where tho depth to groundwater is not ex cessive. Very often tho windmill is required for house servlco, and since that servlco does not work the mill to more than a fraction of Its cnpaclty, It can bo utilized the rest of tho tlmo watering a garden or an alfalfa patch for poultry with no additional Invest ment. In ono Instanco on record a windmill lifting water ninety feet- fur nished tho water supply for n house and for Irrigating eighty-seven or chard trees and thirty-two othor mis cellaneous plants. Tho socond condi tion In which tho windmill Is adapted for Irrigation servlco Is to provldo a supplementary water Biipply to help but dry-farmed crops. Thero aro largo areas In Arizona where dry farming uuahlcd is almost, though not quite, successful, provided Judicious selec tion of crops 1b mado. The experi ments of this station have shown that in such cases a small amount of sup plementary Irrigation Increases tho ylold out of proportion to the small amount of water appllod, even so small an amount as throe or four inches depth making tho difference bo tween crop failure and profit. Over a consldorablo area which promises to bo utilized In this manner tho valley ! fill Is of such a character that It Is impossible to develop a well nt ono placo which yields sufficient water for u, ceniruugni pump, yei mo hiuw cuu st'nnt draught of a windmill pump can bo supplied. Both conditions presup poso that' tho prevailing winds are strong. If tho windmill Is used to lrrlgata garden crops buch as tomatoes, which need irrigation every few days, it Is desirablo to purchase a small gasoline engine of ono or two horsopowor nnd connect It to tho pump rods by belt or gearing. It Is then available for uso when tho wind does not blow. It Pays to Fatten Poultry. Thero 1b ordinarily from throe to seven cents per pound difference In tho prico paid for well-fleshed or fat tened birds, to that paid for birds Just off the range or fields. This means a difference of from 15 to 35 cents on the five-pound chicken, depending upon tho quality. Not only does tho feeder make upon tho gain mado while tho chicken Is being fattened, hut the original weight Is Increased In value by tho Improvement In quality. There is al ways a market for good or prliim quality, and the poor quality goes at begging prices, when tho supply I) great System In Feeding. Fowls should havo empty croi In the morning, nnd tho crop sho ild never be quite full until It Is tlmo m go to roost. For tho first feed gialu scattered In tho Uttor In tho morning Is preferred, the soonor the better. Thl3 Induces them to exercise, in the rnlddlo of tho day a warm, moistened mash should bo given, about what they will eat. And at night before they go to roost n liberal feed of grain should be scattered In the lit ter. Fowls should bo kept busy. Sunflowers In the Run. A patch of aunflowofo will not only furnish tho flock of hens refreshing shade during the hot summer days, hut tho seed from tho rlpo heads will furnish a moat welcome change dur Jng tho moulting season. If a liboral amount of earth Is talc. pn up with tho roots the plants may bo reset In tho henyard nftor they have reached a bolght of from 18 to 24 Inches. i,"iV,J9 &km S?. 4- tpasw&'H, ' -, r$ - m Jrf&SiSs&Wj? Ill f r v'V-nX f Vf wl II n - Treasury Clerks Are Caged Like Camorrists 1 (THfsr COMMY J.CflANKS MAKE ME SICK THEY OUCHT TO HANC i I tsi rAs ASHINCITON Whon ono looks on the picture of tho CamorrlBts iln their cage in Vltorbo, whoro thoy wero being tried as Instigators of (crimes and members of criminal or .gaulzatlons, It comes rlgli home to itlin clerks who work In tho tronaury (department In Washington. Since tho economy cranks got to work thoy lhavo turned tho old treasury dopart Jnii'iit upside down. Tho secretary 1 Jtho treasury has a Httlo walk of his ;own, a little olovator of his own and a drlvowny mado through a portion of tho treasury plaza purposoly for (hlm, nono of those to ho used by tho common herd at all. All nro protected ;b.v gates of wrought-lron from Invasion of the clerks or any of tho assistants abjut tho treasury department. llo foro tho oconomy commission got In their licks thero was a Bort of placlta In tho heart of tho troasury, tho whlto stono wnlls being built up around It. Whon so many of the cor ridors and othor rooms had to bo taken up by private olovntors, drive ,and runways for hlghor officials, thla Alexander Bluffs Ajax A LUX Power and Ajax Toboy, two leading members of tho colorod bacit alloy 400, who woro related by marriage, Inasmuch as Alox had led AJax's sister to tho hymeneal nltar and promlsod to pnnldo board mul lodging for tho rest of her 'natural days, worn nrralgncd before Judge Douglas of the police court on a number of chargos ranging from "cussing" to "scrapping." Tho statomont made by Alox waB, that tho lightning deflor Invaded hla domicile and In the presenco of his copper colored spouse had used Ian gaugo of a very tabascoltlc variety Alex further testified that ho had pick ed up a stick of stovo wood with which ho persuaded Ajax to doslst. Unllko his famous prototype, who de fled tho unseen, AJ::: wilted when ho saw that piece of timber In tho mus icular hands of tho brawny Alexander, 'and beat It. Ho didn't tako tlmo to leavo by tho door, but Jumped out of tho back room window, which, In IiIb prcclpltato flight he did not Btop to open. Tho result was disastrous to tho window and tho smoky Ajax 'sought protection of tho police. "What brought about tho difficulty" iquerled tho Highland chioftaln, who Is presiding ovor tho pollco court In tho absence of Judge Hugo (to) L. Capital City Post-Office it A RE tho post-ofllco employes here A doing tholr duty?" "Yes," said Postmaster N, A. Mcr rltt curtly. "How about tho cats?" ho was lasked. "Thoy are on tho Job, too." . .Then Mr. Merrltt stopped to con sider whether Washington had any ,cnts on tho official pay roll or not. Ho iwasn't suro, but Insisted that thoy ,wero working overtime, provided they ,woro recognized civil service om jployes. Whoroupon, a copy of a scanda lous report concerning Philadelphia catB was shown to him. i Philadelphia has had her post-ofllco supplied with n collection of high class cats. As soon na theao cats re ported for duty at Undo Sam's ofllco Uncle Sam's Official THK official guessor for tho United States government has lost his Job. Kor years tho government has bought live salmon upon tho good eyo of a veteran fisherman, who took a squint at oach fish and then put down In his book what ho guessed to be tho (right weight. Tho bills wore paid ac 'cordlngly thousands of dollars. ! Kvory year tho government buys from COO to 1,000 11 vo salmon for breeding from tho weir owners on the .Rucksport, Vorona, Orland and Penob fccot ahoros. The price paid is the market rate, from 20 to H5 cents a 'pound, with CO cents bonus for each Iflsh for Jtho trouble of keeping them Jnllvo. To got at tho exact weight of a Ilvo salmon Is practically Impossible, for It 1b very dollcate work at best In .dipping them from the "pound" in ftho weirs to tho "car," which Is an ;ohl dory filled with water, carefully lined with cotton flannel and covered with a netting, which Is covered out side with canvas. Tho utmost cau tion la necessary, for in tho spring the I I I CkkriVl ( flousfJBfe ilium I JfTi M 'BMJlT1-!! J . rrf nwo uj plnclta was flxod up as a sort of a glass house, nnd sovoral hundred clerks fired out Into that. Of courso, tho sun beats down on this glass houso from the time that It rises until It sets, and tho result wan that about halt tho clerks wero HI nil of tho tlmo from tho boat Inst summon So this summor thoy have put a groat canvas ovor thla glass house, nnd keep water running on It all tho time. Tho poor clorks that work under this are turned in in tho morning, nnd tho Iron gates aro closed like a stono prison, nnd to got out to got a bite to cat In tho .10 mlnuton thoy havo nt noon they havo to toll tholr nnmo, ngo, nativity, plnco of resi dence and a lot of other family his tory. At least thoso who havo to eat say that It seems to them It tnkoa up; enough time to glvo their podlgreo from tho Itovolutlon to now boforo thoy get out without having to do tho samo things to get back in, and that takes up at least 10 mlnutos from their sennt half hour from eating. It is said tho Iron cages aro necossary for tho safety of tho monoy which tho clerks nro counting, but tho tronaury department has boen running for about lOCf years with no such safe guards, and there hasn't boen $100 lost In tho whole 100 years. Sc, ,ftor all, o clorks In that section of tho treasury department haven't any thing ovor tho Camorrists who wero shut up In atoel cages overy dny. In a Hymeneal Mix-Up (he CUMEO WuiiKR osn ANY YAUER HICCER 'FBRER if tO I-YASSER IS . - "Do langwldgo dat nigger uaed was do wust ah is ovor hoead." "What did ho say?" "Ho say d n an' h 11 an' er heap mo' slch words." "How about you, Mythology?" asked Judge Douglas of Ajax. "Ah ain't novor sood him, Jedgo; ho ain't In cote." "I mean did you uso tho profanity nB charged by Aloxandor." "Ah belongs ter do 'Tobacca class' of do fust African church, an' ah don't novah uso no 'fanlty whatautn ever. Hit aro n mlstako, Jedgo; dnt nigger Alox ho dono lied orbout hit." "Ir. the lnngungo of a popular song, 'Somobody Lied' In tho case," said tho court." "However, that Is nelthor horo nor thero, and much ns I rogret tho no-, ccsslty of Imposing a ponnlty on such distinguished personnges, you will bo required to deposit $5 oach In tho hands of Clork mil." Cats Always on Job there they Immediately contracted a bad caao of Philadelphia bookworm. Although on the official pay roll, so runs tho story, thoy foil Into lino, formed a union, and announced them selves old"-tlmo Philadelphia conserva tives. Tho mice havo recovered from tholr senro and tho cats are taking graft. An lmmedlato Investigation was or dered at which AsBlBtant Postmaster Louis Robinson presided. Testimony was to tho credit of the local offlco, and devolopod tho following facts: No highly cultured clvtl-sorvlco cats wero on tho reglBtor. No cata of any kind had over sought official appoint ment, though somo wero on the Job. If any cat crusader over finds hla wny on duty bont Into tho pout-office ho most likely will bo lynched. Tho post-ofllco cats havo good records, and count tholr friends by tho ofllclal reg ister. When summoned before tho Inves tigating committee, tho cats did not come. "Always hustling In tho Interest of tho service," chuckled tho division chiot. Fish Guesser Is Let Out salmon is strangely delicate. So It Is that weighing them la entirely out of the question. The- government has for yeara hlrod a veteran flshermau to mako tho roundB of tho weirs on tho Httlo power boat and keep account of tho fish. All tho man had to go by was his Judg ment, but he could tell by a glnnco at a fish, oven In the scmldnrknesa of tho car, about what It would weight ton, twolvo, fourteen or put haps sixteen or olghtoon pounds. It waa guessing, Perhaps tho government officials In Washington didn't npprovo of paying out money by guess. Whatever may have been tho conclusion, tho gov ernment guoBser has lost hla Job Hereafter twolvo pounds will ho thu flxod weight of every salmon paid for. 0- m. A I mK ftffiP&g rftrzj-mp jyQStr!SA rwm till MmicliF' PICKED OUT THE WRONG EYE Physician Meant Well Enough but He Had Left tho Motorman Serious ly Handicapped, Frank E. Payno, a member of tho stato railroad commission, said whon Investigating a trolley accident re cently, ho was told of a motorman on a work car who wna running at high speed when tho trucks loft tho rail? becauso of anow and sleet, nnd tho car wbb thrown on tho aldo of tho right of way, bringing up against a tolephone polo. "Tho motorman waB not seriously hurt, but was cut and bruised nbout tho head and face by flying glass. He was carried to a physlciau'B offlco whoro his wounds wero dressed and bandaged. When tho physician had placed tho last pin, ho asked tho wounded man rf ho folf ltko ho could walk. "'Suro, I can walk all right,' re turned tho pntiont, 'but I wish you would fix thoso bandngos so I can SCO.' " 'Why, man,' returned tho physi cian, I loft ono of your oyoa uncovered for tho purpose' " 'But, doc, that oyo you left uncov ered la a. glass ono.'" Indlanapolla Nows. ECZEMA IN RED BLOTCHES 205 Kantor Ave., Detroit. Mich. "Somo tlmo last summer I was takon with eczema. It began In my hair first with red blotches, then scaly, spreading to my faco. Tho blotchei woro red on m'y facq, dry and scaly, not largo; on my scalp thoy wero largor, Bomo scabby. Thoy came on my hands. Tho InBldo of my hands wore all Httlo lumps an though full of shot about one-sixteenth of an Inch under tho skin. Thon thoy wont to tho outsldo nnd botwoon and all ovor my fingers. It also began on tho bot toms of my feet and tho calves of my legs, and Itch, oh, my! I never had anything ltko It nnd hnpo I novor will again. The Itching wna terrlblo. My hands got bo I could scarcely work. "I tried dlfferont cczoma ointments but without results. I nlso took modi clno for It but It did no good. I saw tho advertisement for a sample of Cutlcura Ointment and Soap and seat for ono. Thoy did mo bo much good I bought oomo moro, using them as por dlroctlons, nnd In about thres woekB I was well again. Cutlcura Soap nnd Ointment entirely cured mo." (Slgnod) BonJ. Passngo, Apr. 8, 1912. Cutlcura Soap and Ointment sold throughout the world. Snmplo of oach frco, with 32-p. Skin Book. Address post-card "Cutlcura, DopL L, Boston." Proof. Mrs. Casoy (sitting up In bed) -Mollko, did yoz put out tho cat? Mr. Casoy Ol did. Mrs. Casey Ol don't bolavo ltl Mr. Casey Well, It yoz think Ol'm a liar, got up and put 'or out yersolf. A CURB FOR PILES. Colo'fl CarbolUalva stops Itching and pain-, and cures plies. All druKsUtu. 22 and 00c A man has no uso for a woman who attempts to convluco him that he la wrong and succeeds in doing It Red Cross Ball Blue, all bluo, best bluing value In tho wholo world, makes the Uuii dress emllo. Somo girls aro given away In mar rlago and somo throw tbomselvos away. Mrs. Wlnslow's Soothing' Syrup tor Children teething, softens the Riima, reduces Inflamma tion, allays pain, cures wind colic, 25a a bottle Modern young men court In haste and repont at leisure. NERVOUS DESPONDENT WOMEN Find Relief in Lydia EL Pink ham's Vegetable Compound Their Own Statements So Testify. Platea, Pa. "When I wrote to yoa first I was troubled with female weak ness nnd backache, and was so nervous that I would cry at tho least noise, it would startle mo so. I began to take Ly dia E. Pinkham'a remedies, and I don't havo any moro cry ing spells. I sleep sound and my ner vousness is better. I will recommend your medicines to all suffering women." Mrs. Mary Halstead, Platoa, Pa., Dox 98. Here is tho report of another genuine caao, which still further shows that Ly dia E. Pinkhnm's Vegetable Compound may be relied upon. Walcott, N. Dakota. "I had inflam mation which caused pain in my sldo, and my back ached all tho time. I wai bo bluo that I f olt Hko crying if any om oven spoko to mo. I took Lydia E. Pinkham'a Vegotablo Compound, nnd 1 began to gain right away. I continued its uso nnd now I am a well woman." Mrs. AMEtJA Dahl, Walcott, N. Dakota. If you want special ailvlco write to Lydiu G. Plnkham Uledlelno Co. (conll dontlal) Lynu, Mass. Your letter will ho opened, rend nud answered by a woman and held lu strict conildcuco.