r-
PREVENTION OF WASTE
'Development of West Depends on
Full Water Supply.
Larger Saving Will Do Effected In Fu
ture as It Is Found That Lees Irri
gation lo Needed Measure
ment Checks Loss.
(By L. O. CAni'ENTEIl, Colorado Agri
cultural College.)
Tho prevention of wnBto of water
ls a matter of public Importance. Tho
land eultablo for irrigation so much
exceeds tho water supply, not only In
Colorado, but throughout tho West,
that tlfo agricultural development do
pends on tho uso of the supply to Its
fullest capacity. Though tho building
of storago reservoirs, tho stopping of
waste, Improved methods of Irrigation
which wero all recommended in Bul
letin 13 (1890) have been carried out
to a great extent and tho agricultural
products, if not tho agricultural area,
has greatly Increased, and much Im
provement in measurement has come,
the pressuro remains about the same.
A larger saving will bo effected in the
future as It Is found that less quanti
ties of water are needed; subdivision
into smaller and smallor streams be
comes necessary and measurement
will become moro exact, and it will
be Justifiable to expend larger sums
for exact devices.
Aside froni tho accuracy, a good
Bystem of measurement saves a large
amount of water. A careful account is
known to be tho basis of sound
finance. An accounting, in itself, pro
duces economy for it causes an arrest
of thought, and directs attention to the
matters under consideration, and re
veals the source of waste. It is also
true in water administration. The
very fact that water is measured
checks extravagance. If it bo not
measured the Idea is easily fostered
that it is not valuablo enough. Tho
mere fact that measurement Is made
and an account kept, makes each user
moro careful. In ditches whero no at
tempt has been made to control tho
uso by individuals, It is surprising to
notlco the saving caused by keeping
an account and thus showing how
much each has used and to compare
ono with another. In cities it is well
known that tho mere installation of
water meters and keeping account of
tho water used by each individual,
often reduces the consumption to one-
third what it was before, and yet no
ono has suffered. When water is plen
tiful, a system, or lack of system,
works without trouble. The practice
then is to give water enough to stop
complaint When tho wator becomes
scarce, then inexactness In measure
ment means that some one gets more
than his share. This means that some
else gets less, and the result may bo
serious upon tho crops.
In all parts of tho state whero the
pressure for water is felt, there has
been a great Increase in the value of
land, and this Is almost entirely from
the increaso in tho value of water.
Reservoirs have been built at an ex
pense of millions of dollars to tako ad
vantage of streams of water that a few
years slnco were considered to bo In
significant. This Increase in tho value
of water has only begun, and therefore
the conditions which justify pains and
exnenso to obtain accurate measure
ments will increase. Companies will go
to much greater expense for this par
lcular purpose than they now consider
justifiable. It la truo that the present
practice is generally behind what
couia reasonably bo expected, from
present conditions.
Even now in the exchange between
reservoirs In northern Colorado, the
companies havo found, it justifiable to
employ a skilled person for that par
ticular work, at considerable expense.
The statement made In tho first edi
tion may bo repeated:
"There will never bo an easier time
for arranging satisfactory measure
ments than now; for tho demand will
not bo less, and with time and the in
crease in tho value of water, there will
bo many who will feel that they have
rights vested in certain methods of
measurements which may bo intrin
sically unjust."
SAVING OF WATER AND TIME
Much Harm Done to Soil and Crop
by Unbusinesslike and Ignorant
Use of Irrigation.
Tho amount of water used In differ
ent districts runs from Vi to 4 feet
the acre, but why tho growers use so
much water few if any seem to fully
understand. The fact is most peoplo
use three or four times moro water
than is necessary and do a good deal
of harm to their soil and also to tho
crop by an unbusinesslike nnd really
Ignorant uso of a valuable quantity.
Tho soil Is a sponge which will retain
only a certain amount of moisture.
If moro water Is supplied It simply
leaches down and Is lost or runs
away, carrying with It a fertilizing
eloment of tho soil In solution and
only those which aro In solution are
of nny valuo to plant life. Tho prin
cipal valuo of water is to make the
fertilizing elements ioluble. Proper
tillage following Irrigation extends
tho time of servlco of the water In
tho soil and thereby lessens the
amount of Irrigation as well as tho
frequency of application. This makes
n saving of both water and time and
at a season when both are valuablo.
Grading Up Horses,
It Is a slow process grading up
horses, and the best way la to buy a
pure-bred ronro and breed to o pure
bred Rtalllon.
IFfRIGATION FOR SOY BEANS
Frequent Shallow Applications of Wa-
ater Better Than Long Ones
as Roots as Not Deep.
Somo difficulty has been encoun
tered In somo localities In tho produc
tion of soy boaus. Tho first Important
feature in tho production of this crop
is good seed, and considerable diffi
culty Is encountered in securing it.
The seed, therefore, should bo tested
by placing in a pan of damp soil in a
warm placo to determlno how much
will germinate. If less than 80 per
cent good seed is found, either better
seed should be secured or a larger
amount in proportion to tho quality
should be planted.
The seed bod should bo in the best
condition, for tho sprouts of soy beans
are very tender and any obstacles
ouch ob lumps, stones or crust on tho
surfaco of tho ground will materially
Impede tho growth. Seed should bo
planted from ono inch to ono and one
half inches deep in tho heavier soils,
and two to two and one-half inches
deep in sandy soils. Water should bo
applied before planting, so that a
crust will not form after tho seed has
been planted. This Is Important.
Soy beans may bo planted in rows
two and one-half to three feet apart,
or may bo drilled or broadensted,
writes Row E. Willard in the Indiana
Parmer. Planting in rows and culti
vating will give the beat result in seed,
but for feeding purposes, the entlro
ground may be covered. When plant
ing in rows, about sixty pounds per
aero will give good resultB. If planted
broadcast, considerable moro, about
1G0 pounds, should bo sown. Tho
roots of soy beans are not deep, usual
ly not moro thau thirty Inches, so that
frequent shallow irrigations are pre
ferred to heavy irrigations and at long
er intervals. This is usually truo If
tho crop is planted In rows. This
should be done two or three times dur
ing tho early part of tho growing sea
son, both to break any crust that may
form and to keep out weeds. It will
bo found most beneficial to cultivate
as soon aa the soil is dry enough after
Irrigation.
The soy bean plant is a legume, and
is therefore a nitrogen gatherer for
tho soil. If properly handled it should
leavo tho soil in better condition than
before. This Is particularly truo of
sandy boII, which Is generally true of
what deficient in nitrogen. The crop
usually does well on the higher soils
as compared with the heavier soils.
Soy beans mature In from 90 to 115
days. They may be planted at any
time after tho danger of the laBt kill
ing frost Is passed. Slightly moro
than thirty bushels of seed to the aero
wero produced on soil where the seed
ing was about sixty pounds to the acre
in rows three feet apart.
Itabblts and gophers are particular
ly fond of tho young beans, and if
there is danger from theso pests, It
will bo well to plant enough for your
self and tho pests also.
Rusty cans and palls aro moro use
ful outsldo tho dairy.
The moro butter is washed tho
moro it is robbed of Its flavor.
A good churning will not leave over
.2 per cent, of fat in tho buttermilk.
Cooling milk quickly nfter milking
Is one vny of prolonging Its sweet
ness. One great secret of keeping butter
in summer Is to have It good to begin
with, then keep it cold.
Horaus cannot bo grown as cheap
as they wore when land was half tho
price nnd grain half tho price.
Tho development of tho young
horse requires tho exorcise of the
best Judgment in handling him.
Tho destruction of organic matter,
by cultivation and otherwise, is large
ly responsible for tho depletion of
our soils.
Money that is spent for well-bred
stock might Just as well be thrown
away if tho stock is not properly
taken care of.
Goslings will thrive If fed on grass
alone, but will not mako such rapid
growth, of course, as when they aro
given a llttlo grain.
Keep tho cultivator busy. Don't let
tho weeds get ahead of you. Remem
ber that they uso tho plant food that
should go into your crops.
Tho furmcr who uses his farm for
banking fertility from his nnlmals Is
wlsor than the .man who sells off
everything to swell the figures in his
bank book.
Every farmer- should plant such
crops as mllo, sorghum, kafflr nnd
shallu for his fowls. A small area of
land will produce enough grain to
feed a large flock of poultry.
There Is llttlo danger of Indigestion
among the ducklings so long ns tho
green food and the tand hold out.
Sand In tho drinking water prevents
tipping, nnd Is easily gotten by tho
blrdB.
Method of Dosing a Sheep.
Sheen medlclno needs to bo given
carefully, and should bo as small ns
possible In quantity. Doses nro ad
ministered by holding tho animal be
tween the knees and pouring tho
fluid Into tho mouth, observing tho
same precautions as to cougning as
with othor animals. Tho best form of
bottle In tho absence pf the patented
article Is that In which sauces are
sent out. They are strong, have n nar
row neck and nro generally about tho
right capacity six to eight ounces.
American Cultivator.
Success In Dairying.
Tho moro tho study, the greater tho
success In dairying.
EXPERIMENTS SHOW SPRAYING
SAVES MUCH OF APPLE CROP
Results In Kansas Glvo Increaso In Actual and Relative
Amount of Fruit Raised All Seriously Injurious '
Insects and Fungus Diseases Uavo Been
Markedly Reduced.
SPRAYED
Avcrvioc Yield 72 r Tree
Merchantable Fruit
Satbt
Ones
Tive
Colli
(sUIII
Apples Sprayed
For tho purposo of showing tho
farmer and fruit grower how ho might
Bavo that part of tho apple crop which
is usually sacrificed to Insects and
fungi, most excellent experiments
were mado during ono entire season,
by tho Kansas College of Agriculture,
tho collego men going Into tho field
and personally carrying on the work
of spraying. Tho results of tho spray
ing wero uniformly good, and tho own
ers of tho sprayed orchards wero well
pleased.
Tho following splendid results of
this work aro valuablo to furmers nnd
fruit growers in every other Btato in
tho union as well as Kansas, for
they demonstrate beyond a doubt tho
helpfulness of spraying.
Commercial results from seven
widely separated orchards, Includ
ing both commercial and homo types
and composed of tho varieties of ap
ples recognized as standard in Kan
sas, carefully sprayed showed an nv
erago gain of four bushels in actual
ECCENTRIC FARM
WORK THAT PAID
Ensrlloli Gontlcraun Uued Novel
Method of Rlddlny; I'arm
of Injurious Potato
Beetle.
(By J. II. IIAYN'ES.)
On a neighboring farm lived an Eng
lish gentleman who certainly had
somo novel methods of working.
His farm consisted of some clay
lands. In tho center of this farm was
a very rich, block field that had for
merly been a swamp.
Tho soil was mainly mado up of de
cayed vegetation, and when drained
was as looso as an ash heap.
In this field ho annually grew po
tatoes and watermelons. When tho
Colorado potato bug camo around ho
headed them off In this way:
Ho planted tho potatoes in drills
and leveled tho laud smooth, When
tho potatoes began to como up ho ran
along tho rows a cultivator nnd cov
ered all the young shoots 'under.
In a week or so when they made a
second appearance he did tho same
thing, using a larger shovel on tho
cultivator. This was done tho third
tlmo using a slnglo shovel plow which
left tho rows properly hilled up.
Tho bugs never got a chance at tho
potatoes get disgusted and looked for
other fields to work on.
Tho covering of tho shoots scemod
to help, for when they were left to
tho light and air they grew tremen
dously thrifty.
He raised watermelons nnd lots of
them, but not for tho usual purposo
l!icy aro grown.
Ho pressed tho juice from tho mel
ons, boiled It down in copper evap
orators to a fair syrup, and with this
syrup ho used apples for thickening,
to make apple butter, and It was of a
quality hard to beat.
Ho supplied large quantities of It
to tho near-by markets and at good
prices. The syrup was of finest qual
ity and much of it wns used.
is
Ik ii 'I ll nir A svrti
-1 !!
SUBSOILING WITH DYNAMITE
A method of Bubeolllng that Is at
tracting a great deal of attention Is
dynamlto blasting. Tho claim mado
for this practice Is that It virtually
changes a farm from a G or 8-inch lay
er of top soil to a C-foot layer becauso
ot tho food In the lower strata mado
nvallablo by blowing daylight Into
them. Tho dynamite has a three-fold
effect on tho soil. It not only pul
verizes it, making It Ideal for root
growth, but It Irrlgutes and drains It
at ono and the same operation. Tho
cost of 'Bhootlng-up" nn ncro of
ground, labor and all Included, is said
to approximate $1G an acre. So far
UNSPRAYED
Average Yield Per Tree
Merchantable Fruit
Sahkk
OhCS Twat
Curti
and Unsprayed.
yield of merchantable fruit per tree,
or P.7 per cent compared with un
treated parts of tho same orchards.
Not only waB tho actual and rein
tho amount of merchantable fruit
materially increased, but the average
pcrccntago of number l's and number
2's, which nro tho high-priced grades,
was also increased by 1C per cent and
C.C per cent, respectively.
Tho average not profit from spray
ing was shown to bo $1.C2 per tree,
or $97.20 per ncro when tho fruit was
sold as "orchard run," and to bo al
most doubled when properly graded
and marketed.
All seriously Injurious insects and
fungous diseases havo been markedly
reduced and most of them havo been
mado almost negligible.
Prepared lime-sulphur plus arsenate
of lead has produced tho best results
on apples subject to Hordeaux Injury
and nearly freo from applo blotch,
whllo Hordeaux mixture plim varlctieo
attacked by applo blotch.
CARING FOR PIGS
DURING SUMMER
Buatncon Should o Conducted in
direful and Butiliicoa-Lilto
Way for Ulthnuto
Succcoo.
(By A. J. LEGO.)
Many farmers think that they can
not afford to feed tho pigs liberally,
during tho summer Benson. Tho pigs
are allowed lo shift for themselves
in many instances nnd of course do
not innko much growth but ono may
sco a pretty good profit in feeding at
tho present high prices of both feed
and pork.
Tho hogs ,wlll just nbout live on
tho pasturo they can gather from tho
field and what grain Is given them
goes to growth and nny ono who has
tried It has found that only n mod
erate ration fed to the shouts on pas
turo will mako a good growth through
out tho season.
Early spring pigs of nny good breed
can bo mado to avcrago a pound of
gain a day by tho tlmo they aro eight
or ten months old and a largo part of
this can bo mndo on pasture.
Tho pig that 1b fed enough food to
keep it growing rnpldly from tho
start to finish is usually tho most
profitable porker.
In somo sections whero thoro is suf
ficient waste crop to fatten tho hogs
It may be profltablo to allow tho
shoats to shift for themselves.
However, usually tho hogs that aro
allowed to Bhlft for themselves and
got fat on tho wasto aro easy victims
of cholera and swlno plague. There
is a section In the western part of my
country In West Virginia whero thfl
hogs nro allowed tho freo range ol
tho forests and that locality is visited
by cholera every year or two.
Thero aro quite as many hogs thnl
dlo from cholera thero as ever reach
tho pork barrel. Hog raising ns a
business muBt bo treated in a buslnose
way and if it Is conducted without
cost thero la llttlo profit
tho main objection to tho uso of dyn
a mlto on tho farm is tho fear of It,
says tho Missouri Valley Farmer. It
Ib dhngcrouB unless handled right, but
so is gasoline, a shotgun, or a mulo
for that nintter. It Is not exploded
at easily as commonly supposed.
Dropping It on tho ground or similar
accidents havo no effect on it Tho
various manufacturers of tho cxplo
slvo Ibsuo printed Instructions on tho
uso of dynnmlto in farming based on
tests and experiments. '
The illustration shows a piece of
ground beforo and after being treated
by dynamlto.
Tuberculosis Day In October.
Churches and religious societies, to
tho number of at least 100,000, will
bo urged to glvo special attention to
tho provontlon of tuberculosis on Sun
day, October 27, or on somo day dur
ing tho week preceding or tho week
following that date This season has
been set apart and designated aa tho
Third National Tuberculosis Day by
tho National Association for tho Study
and Provontlon of Tuberculosis. Tu.
borculosls Day was originally set on
April 2S, but vn8 postponed because
of a conflict with Conservation Sun
day of tho Man and Religion Forward
movement, which was hold on that
date Tho observanco of Tuberculosis
Day In tho fall of tho yoar will bo uti
lized by anti-tuborculosls worltcrB not
only for tho gcnoral education of
churchgoers on consumption, but also
for tho purpose of interesting thorn In
tho salo of Red Cross Christmas
Seals.
Resuls of the Primary.
It had been a hard day at tho polls.
Tho addition of nearly a thousand
womon's votes to tho poll mado tho
counting a prolonged proposition. ,
"Well, James," Bald Mrs. Walllcky,
as her husband returned from his
arduous labors as a toller, "how did
tho vote go?"
"Nino hundred nnd two votes for
Dlldad, seven hundred and fifty-three
for Slathers, eight recipes for tomato
ketchup, four wash lists nnd a milli
ner's Bill." said Walllcky. "It was a
mighty Interesting vote." Judge.
Jolt to Romance.
"How nbout that young doctor? Has
ho proposed?"
"Not yet. Papa nearly ruined ev
erything last night."
"How wob that?"
"Just as tho doctor was pleading
for a peep at my eyes, papa camo In
and risked him to take a look at my
tonsils."
Important to Mothers
Exnmlno carefully every boltlo of
CASTORIA, a safo and suro remedy for
infants and children, and sco that it
Signature of CStX&i
In Uso For Ovor 30 YearB.
Children Cry for Fletcher's Oastoria
The Sad Part of It,
"Oh, you will learn to forgot mo In
time," sho said.
"I know I shall," ho replied, "but 1
Bhall never forget tho money I have
spent trying to make you think mo a
prince."
To removo nlcotlno from tho teoth,
disinfect tho mouth and purify the
breath after smoking, Pnxtlno 1b n
boon to all. At druggists, 25c a box
or sent postpaid on recolpt of price by
Tho Poxton Toilet Co., Boston, Mass.
Can't Afford It.
Hostess Mr. Mann, you "cat roast
beef raro, do you not?
Quest Yes, raro and rarely. Bos
ton Transcript
Cole's Cnrbollnnltc
nclleYen mid cures Itching, torturing iIIn
ease of tba skin unci mucoiiH uirmbraiic
A superior I'llo Cure. 25 mid 60 cento, liy
druggist. Tor free nnmplo vrrltn to J. W.
Colo & Co., Uluclc Hirer Kails, Wis.
Two classos of peoplo worry about
money thoso who have too llttlo and
thoso who have too much.
Water In bin I up 1b miulterntlon. Glass and
water makes liquid bluu costly. Uuy Hed Cross
Ball Illue, mali.es clothes whiter than snow.
When a locturo Is free you nro ex
pectod to buy a book or a ohavlng
strop from tho man who dellvoicd It.'
Mrs. Wlnslow's Soothing Syrup for Children
teething, DOfteus the gums, reduces Inflamma
tion, Hlla)H pain, cures wind colic, Sic a bottle..
This time of year, In order to hnvo
your Innings, you ought to havo your
outlngB.
Tho satlElylnr: quality In LEWIS' Bin
clo Hinder is found in no other 6c cigar.
Many an earthly angol has a home
ly face to thank for It.
II Sim Oaken Bucket l
hlw& fillcd t0 thc brim with co,dk
S'HS'ikl'uMS ffl"S' c'car Purity n0 such water
I -t wlfflfffl m .iilt nowadays. Brine back thc old
't1 days w,t'1 a Eass
It makes one think of everything that c puro and whole- IhSTCsq! r
tome and delightful. Bright, sparkling, teeming with 7Ec
palate joy it's your soda fountain old oaken bucket. (fUJJHMrf
OfTfexn ' " booUet, Irlllnr of Coca-Cola EPi!srill U
Whenever c:,-YliKlkulonnCUtnooi,lorthealclnf. inrvtui.' (
you SJC an nrnuivttbe Genuine si made by )("$iffl I
Arrow think THE COCA-COLA CO. J2-J fiStfdfii
Of Coca-Cola. ATLANTA, ca. gffll!J
jSEfcS, EVLRY CHILD SHOULD HAVE THE 'MfikML
MJjP Faultless Starch Twin Dolls 5R
SN. Miss Lilly White uxi Miss Fhoele Prima. 'ti
fJrS jll J' V00 "I" n, 'no ,,e,t otnroh mado both of thco V V?f T : 4TlV'f
I J &T1 MKdolls, onrh 121 2 Inchon Mjn nnd roadjr to eat oat I tfcf'4nl I
I v I ,l stulqwlll bosont to nnruitdrcas, rxiatPHlil, on ro- If -ft : ITflJ 1
V Vw-nSr J colptofalxfronUnflOrcntFoultlotsBtarcnpackages, Vi Titft Wp
"YrfTTiZ&ffnt or tvjelro fronts of Scont laultleaa Btarou paokagos jk fSwJT I
JAizrfTnfiLzP. ona ? cents In stntnps to coror potseo ond parting. i.vyETtWVmAv.
z' rTTTTS . Vr cither doll will boaonton reoolntof tlireolOoent RKpfroTraJSrva
C ' 1 J "routnoraljiO rant fronts anil 4 centa In stamps, Oujj X&wtliHrt?vy'"
1 Z out ""'a u, "I" " nccoptoJ In placo of ono 10 rSiiXsCtr
X UVJyi (g.Iy cent f rout, or two 6 cent f routs. T"'lli
tfO FAULTLESS STARCH CO., bust City, Ms. WU
JftsKtwlii mwEsJLTtrmSimtt Mm I
II I
EVENTIDE - Supper.
f What shall it be? A
cooked meal? No! Too long
too tedious to prepare.
Just phone the grocer ior
Luncheon
Meats
They're dcliciouit Somo
Vienna sausage or sliced dried
buci some veal loaf or comed
bftf. They're so easy to serve.
Or, here's an idea a Libhy
m:nu:
Uihy't Ollcet or Sweat GAsrAtos
Libby' CorntJ Bttf
Libby ' VaalLoaf Chill Con Came
Potato Au Crattn
Ltbby' Atparaeai
And then just top oft
with Llbby's Fruits of
Preserves. Doetn't that found
good? Order them from your
grocer now. You will bo
(urpiited how economical a
Libby meal will be.
Libby, McNeill & Libhy
1JVM2
KB
Chicago
DAISY FLY KILLER gS?
DTwHr, at
tracts and kill! all
IIIm. Nut, clean or
namtntal, convenient,
cheap. La it a alt
iikion. Had of
metal, can't iplll or tip
oteri will not aoll ot
Injurs anything.
Guaranteed oITectlT,
Sold by dealers oi
0 sent prepaid (or IU
EAH0X.D BOUEBS, ISO Dtlalb At.. Brooklyn, H. t.
BUY GOOD LAUD o-VrWrSSSa".
Tropical Mnxlrn. Wrlto for Information. BIKX
IOAN ISTIIlurtH LAND !., 41 OltANU
AVICNUIS TUail'Lli. UANHAS tilTY, MO.
1'ltKK IIOMKHTKADB In Bun Blmon Vol.,
Ariz ; rich soil, purs artesian water In nbun
dancr, heat cllmtitct on earth; mtn. resorts.
Alia NKW STATU HISA1.TY Co.. llowlo, Arli.
DO YOU WANT A GOOD STOCK IIANOIIT
Woll located nnd Imp., timber, water, alfalfa,
nil nnt. resources. For photo, full descrip
tion, ADDKIIhH It. It. IIok SO, Wujrue, Kan.
fiti 'hS
wr
i
jitflMCEMEnjscrrjiniwinrniM' u """lirg?rTL
LIVE STOCK AND I
MISCELLANEOUS l 1
I Electrotypes J
IN QREAT VARIKTY i
I FORj 8ALE tAT THE 2
I LOWEST PRICES DY I
1 WESTEKN NEWSPAPER UNION I
i 521-331 W. Adams St, Chicago C
I W. N. U., OMAHA, NO. 31-1912.
1