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NOTES zs-w-.
ME&DOWBROOK
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Don't plant corn In weody ground.
It never pays to hury a colt at first.
Never feed a horao when It la very
warm.
Movo tho brood coops as often ns
possible.
You cannot begin to feed nnd train
a colt too early.
Lice will nnd a sitting ben If noth
ing Is done to prevent It.
Tho aim should bo to mako each
heifer better than her dam.
A thermometer for churning time
earns Its way summer and winter.
Don't wnlt for tho beetle to appear
on tho early potatoes before you spray.
Scours aro brought on by feeding
cold milk and In keeping In dirty, wet
pens. '
It takes pretty good grit to let some
old hens go, and yet It Is a wise thing
to do.
The Silver Camplno Is not a new
breed, but ono not generally known In
this country.
Tho ewo has been found as econom
ical as the cow In turning hay and
grain Into milk.
Work done for your cows, sheep and
hogs now will show Itself next fall in
the returns you get.
Tho row that Is so clumsy or nerv
ous that she always kills half her
pigs had better go to market.
A largo udder Is not always a sure
sign of a good milker, but more often
than not It is a good Indication.
If you tako the young colt with the
mother when at work, put a halter
on It and hitch It to tho side of the
mare.
When the lambs are ten days old
there is no danger In docking them
after that dock them just as soon as
possible.
Tho printer and butter spado
should be soaked first In hot water
nnd then In cold water for some time
beforo they are used.
The horse's stomach Is in no condi
tion to receive food Immediately nfter
severe labor, hence tho necessity of a
short period of rest first.'
Tho calf should be taken from tho
cow very soon after birth. It learns
to drink much more easily than If
left several days with tho cow.
Unless It runs smoothly nnd does
not vibrate, a -separator will not do
Its best work. A solid foundation
means long life for the machine.
Dairy farmers wonder 'how they
ever got along without cream separa
tors. Five years from now they will
wonder how they ever got along with
out silos.
Stallions and marcs having small
heart glrthstor light flanks aro objec
tlonablo from the breeder's standpoint.
A horse needs lots of room for heart
nnd lungs.
Rapo Is a cool weather plant and
does best In northern latitudes. Drill
In lVi to 2 pounds to tho acre as
early In tho spring as the danger from
hard freezing is past.
The vnluo of sllago to sheep has
been well enough established for us
to know that In the 'future It Is going
to play an Important part In the pro
duction of mutton and wool.
If the hogB are lousy get somo crude
oil and Just as soon as warm Weather
comes pour a gallon or so of tho oil
on tho holes whore they wallow.
Grease of any kind Is death to lice.
Tar paint nor any other application
of that kind will kill the peach tree
borers already In tho treo. Tho sharp
wire Is tho only remedy then and the
closest Inspection Is necessary to find
his lair.
Save "poling" beans whenever pos
sible by planting along tho garden
fence or In corn. Sunflowors, too,
make good supports for beans, but It
Is preferable thnt tho rows bo planted
north and south, so that tho beans
may get plenty of sun.
The value of stable manure or oth
er fertilizer In the orchard depends
upon the conditions of soil nnd cli
mate. Somo soils grow excellent fruit
without any fertilizer while others
must bo fed. Simply a case of sci
ence and good Judgment.
Cherries require very Uttlo pruning.
Tho cow nnd tho bow make n good
farm team.
Drive a colt tho first tlmo with a
fnst walking horse.
Tho hens will relish a feed of scald
ed oats at any time.
Pull radishes Just ns soon an they
are big enough to bite
"Study lo bo quiet" Is u fine thing
In handling a team nnywhero.
Chaff from the hay mow floor
makes tho licst litlcr for chicks.
Too suddon n chango of diet for the
young calf Is bound to start trouble.
Covered cream or milk cans on tho
way to town bespenl$ a careful dairy
man. There Is every Indication that grass
fat beef will bring a good price thio
summer.
When the calf Is two weeks ol5
somo skim-milk may be added to tho
usual feeding.
A horse that is watered two or
three times a day is apt to drink too
much nt ono time.
Fino corn meal for tho skim-milk
calf Is a good substitute for the moro
expensive oilmeal.
Clean the mud from the horse's
limbs during seeding operations, and
prevent scratches and fever.
Quality In vegetables Is tho result
of quirk, unchecked growth, and this
means plenty of wntor at all times.
It Is not a difficult proposition to
raise calves when tho feeder usco
some precaution In their management.
After turkey chicks are six weeks
old they must be nllowed to range
else they will bo sadly stunted In
growth.
It Is a mistake to try to fatten tho
brood sow. She should not bo kept
with tho hogs that are being prepared
for market.
While it requires one sort of edu
cation to mnko a good riding or driv
ing horse, It requires another to mako
a cart borso.
Hens that roost in a damp, close
house are npt to give out In the leg
Joints with a trouble somewhat akin
to rheumatism.
It Is easy to notice the effect ol
grass on the milk, but, with tho cows
that have silage, the change will be
less perceptible.
Fruit trees planted In the hog pas
ture will supply shade nnd abundance
of food In the fall when tho trees
come Into bearing.
Better dairying should bo the aim
of every dairy farmer. It is only ns
ho Btrlves for better things that he
can approach his ideal.
The man who makes a success at
dairying or any other line of work
starts with tho right aim and never
changes or loses sight of It.
Tests at experiment stations hava
shown that 20 per cent of tho cream
Is saved by tho use of n separator as
compared with hand skimming
There Is no problem thnt Is ol
grenter Importance today than con
servation of soil fertility. Tho dairy
cow, tho hog and tho hen help solve it
Good caro consists in doing every
thing from milking and caring for the
cows to marketing the butter or cream
as If your whole life success depended
upon It.
Mix plaster of Paris and turpentine,
mould In tho shapo of eggs, nnd put
one in each nest to kill lice and
mites. Do not uso with eggs that aro
hatching.
There aro 28 silos within a short
distance of this farm. Many farmers
have been closely pressed In order to
find feed for their Btock but none of
tho silo owners were.
A city chicken man has found n
good way to break a broody hen. Ho
puts nn alarm clock In tlio nest and
when tho clock goes off that hen goes
off too and never comes back.
The cost of hauling over our coun
try roads is now about 23 cents per
ton per mile. In European countries
tho i cost is below 10 cents. Our bad
roads aro an expensive proposition
Shallow cultivation of corn Is most
in favor with the experiment stntions,
but much seems to depend upon cli
matic conditions. In dry climates you
can safely cultivate deeper threo to
four inches.
There Is nothing like pasture to
make good gains on any kind of stock
when fed in connection with corn. In
hog feeding we do not think wo nro
putting it too strongly to say that pas
ture eaves 2D per cent In feed.
Tho Injury to vnrious fruit crops
by Insects of all kinds Is very great,
as every ono knows, but Prof. Sted-
i man. Bays that tho damage to truck
crops by Insects every year exceeds
the damage to fruit crops. And yet
how few gardeners tako steps to pro-
1 tect their crops.
COWS AND CLOVER MAINTAIN
QUALITY OF SOIL FERTILITY
Raisins Abundant Crops of Legumes for Farm Stock and
Selling Butter Should Enrich Any Farm Sowing
Orchard Grass and CloVor Together
Makes Good Pasture.
a .jrs ,jmz .: n". . ...iL. ..JBKr;s
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A Profitable Bunch
What should bo a strong Inducement
to every owner of a farm with cows
to make and sell butter Is tho fact
that this form of dnirylng makes it
possible not only to maintain tho soil
fertility, but to constantly add to it.
While tho solids In the milk con
tain tho most essential elements of
fertility, tho butter fnt contains no
element of fertility at all. Hence, tho
selling of milk In largo quantities In
evitably reduces tho productiveness
of tho farm, unless a largo proportion
of the feed for the cows is bouglit off
the farms, Instead of being grown on It.
On the other hnnd, butter contains
practically nothing thnt constitutes
an element of fertility In tho soil, says
a writer In Farm Progress. For this
reason, If ono has a poor farm, and
wants to adopt a lino of farming that
will soonest and most economically
make It productive, tho best plan will
be to keep cows, nnd sell tho cream
or butter. And tho moro feed one
buys, and tho less ho takes off his
own place, except clover, tho sooner
tho soil mny bo made rich. '
Having had considerable experience
with clover, cowpeas, Canada pea3
and other legumes, I have concluded
thnt for soil improvement tho red
clover or nlsike, will bo found the
best thing for the purpose. I would
only upe nlslko In case tho land
to be Improved was rather moist, as
on that sort of soil it will usually
make a better growth than common
red or any other, except whito clover,
and that does not make a sufficiently
bulky growth to servo tho purpose
best.
In somo experlenco of my own, I
have found that sowing orchard grass
and clover together makes a most ex
cellent pasture; nnd, If ono keeps the
stock off, It Is possible to get a
growth that will make a fino mixture
for hay; but when clover Is cut at tho
right tlmo nnd properly cured, thero
is no moro nutritious forage that can
bo grown.
EXCELLENT FEEDS
TO FATTEN LAMBS
Doo of Alfalfa for Houshazo
Simplifies Qucotion Con
aldcrably Peao aro
s Recommended.
(By J. n. M'NUITY, Colorado Agricul
tural Collego,)
The great question which tho suc
cessful lamb feeder Is now trying to
solve Is thnt of tho most economical
concentrate to bo used In fattening his
lambs.
The fact that most feeders arousing
alfalfa for a roughago simplifies tho
nbovo problem considerably. Alfalfa
suppllos tho protein, and when fed
with a fattening concentrate, as corn
or barley, reduces tho amount of feed
required for a pound gain to tho mini
mum. Experiments prove that corn
Is Just a trifle hotter, pound for pound,
than barley, when both nro fed in con
nection with ono of tho legumo hays,
as clover or alfalfa. Thero is llttlo
data on tho economy of feeding corn
alone with upland or timothy hay or
with corn stover. This follows from
tho fact that such a ration would lack
considerably In protein. Doubtless
barley would somewhat excel corn,
pound for pound, when fed with rough,
ages lacking protein, as tho ones last
named. Wholo barley may bo fed
very successfully to fattening sheep
Tho fact that cottd seed meal can
bo purchased for a prico comparing
favorably with that of corn In Colora
do has suggested tho feeding of this
concentrate with alfalfa hay for fat
tening lambs. In this combination,
however, wo havo two feeds high In
protein nnd consequently an unbal
anced ration. Oil meal Is fed qulto
extensively with timothy hay and
roots, In which combination It gives
very good results. On tho other hnnd,
very few records of sheep fattened on
cottonseed meal and alfalfa aro avail
able, for, as u rule, protein rich feeds
(alfalfa and oil meal) aro tho most
expenslvo nutrients of a ration and
aro not usunlly combined. It Is vory
probable, however, that somo cotton
seed meal can be fed when alfalfa Is
fed, If wo uso a mixed ration of corn
and cottonseed meal. Tho best pro
portion would porhaps bo ono-thlrd
cottonseed meal and two-thirds corn,
either shelled or cracked. This com
bination 'should give good results and
of Youngsters.
As I havo found that oven work
stock can bo kopt In good condition
on well-cured hay, If allowed to cnt a
full ration nt eacli meal, I havo about
concluded that on tho great mnjorlty
of farms a largo portion of tho grain
fed to work stock may bo eliminated
if plenty of good, bright clover hay Is
fed to nil stock, nnd sufficient time
allowed for tho horses to cnt it. This
may seem to bo a sort of heresy to
tho vast number of men nil through
tho big corn states, who feed llttlo
grain, except corn, nnd sono of them
no roughago part of tho year except
corn fodder. But I know whereof I
speak; somo of tho best tennis that I
havo ever seen nro never fed anything
except clover liny, unless by chance
that runs low, nnd it is ncccssnry to
feed timothy hay; and, when that 1b
done, a feed of corn is given along
with it.
It always seems to mo very remark
able that so few men uso clover as tho
principal feed for their stock, when
thero is such inducement to do so. I
havo never known of a case where
any ono was not pleased with tho re
sults In feeding clover liny to work
horses, If ho had good, bright hay
nnd gave n reasonable grain ration
in tho shnpo of corn with it
Whero the chief grain fed Is oats,
the clover Is not suitable, because the
percentage of starchy matter or Its
equivalent would not bo properly
proportioned to tho protelds. As I
know men who havo for yars not fed
an ounce of grain to horses doing
farm work dally, nnd they havo kept
In fino condition, nnd nt steady work
on nothing but nice, clean, bright,
well-cured clover hay, It seems to mo
that a great many men nro wasting
money In thoir method of feeding,
nnd aro falling to Improvo their soil
because they do not sow tho clover.
Probably tho latter Is the moro Im
portant point to bo consideiod. Com
mon senso nnd clover nro mighty
good fnctors in successful farming.
nt tho same tlmo bo much less con
ducive to digestive disorders than n
ration of cottonseed menl and alfalfa. i
Peas aro strongly recommonded for'
fnttoning sheep. When fed In combi-,
nation with either corn, bnrley or.
oats, equal parts, bettor gains nro
mado than when either of tho nbovo
cerenls is fed alono. This Is especial
ly true whero timothy hay or corn
stover is fed as a roughage.
USE OF GYPS1
OR LAND PLASTER
Practice Nearly Alwnyfl Xncreaoca
Yield of Clovuro and
Pcua How to
Apply it.
Plaster nearly always increnses tho
growth of the clovers and peas. Mixed
with an cqunl quantity of wood nsh,
it Is largely used by gardeners and
truckers to stimulate tho growth of
early potatoes, corn, beans and cab
bage. Plaster Is a sulphato of lime, nnd
both tho sulphuric acid and tho Hmo,
aro active principals in plant growth.
Tho time to sow plnster on clover nnd
oats and pens Is when tho plants nro
making their first, leaves. Sow at tho
rate of two bushels to the acre.
On lund that has been recently
limed tho application of plaster has
llttlo effect. Tho only way to find out
tho vnluo of plaster is to measuro off
an aero of clover or an aero of grnss
and clover pasturo and sow, say, two
bushels to the acre, loavlng tho nd
Joining ncro unplnstored. Tho growth
of tho plastered clover will provo its
valuo in a few weeks after tho plnster
has been sown. When plnster can bo
hnd for $10 per ton it will pay to sow
it nt tho rato of two bushels to tho
acre on dry uplnnd meadows and clo
ver Holds, on pastures, oats and pons
and-on all tho bean family. It Is nlso
vnluablo for sowing on plover stubble
nfter tho first crop has been cut for
hay. Tho dressing of plnstor at this
time will greatly encourage tho second
growth clover. On most every farm
thero aro a variety of soils, and a fer
tilizer thut will provo of value for ono
kind of soil and crop will provo of llt
tlo valuo used on an adjoining field,
but having an entirely different char
acter of soil. Test each field and
keep a record of these tests, as they
will prove valuable
PROPAGATION OF THE ROSE
NOT VERY DIFFICULT TASK
Many Growers Start Flowers on Tholr Own Roots, tout tho
Majority Prefer tho Budded Plants No Garden
Is Complete Without Them and Should
Bo Grown Abundantly.
tBy II. ERICIISEN.)
Nothing can bo said In prniso of tho
roso that has not been cald beforo.
Universally recognized as tho most
benutiful llowor, it Is tho ono child of
Clorn around which r wealth of Bcntl
ment, history nnd poetry clusters. Tho
mnldoiiB of ancient Grcoco nnd Homo
ndorncd thomsolvcs with chnplots nnd
garlands of roses, as docs tho maldon
of today, nnd then ns now the roso
wns rcgardod ns tho emblem of benuty
and truo worth, lit to crown a queen.
No wonder, thon, thnt It Is so highly
esteemed thnt oven tho orchid, so
often regarded as its rival, will never
supersede It in popular estimation.
Of Into tho beauty of tho roso has
bon so widely nppreclnted that tho
popularity It now enjoys nnd tho do
mnnd for hardy garden roses nro nn
nunlly Increasing. No garden Is com
plcto without roses nnd ovcry fnmlly
ought to. grow them In nbundnnco, for
novor hnvo roses been so chonp nnd
bonutlful ob now. Moreover, the culti
vation of tho flower Is so Blmplo that
no oxcuso can bo offored for Its neg
lect. Tho first requlslto for success In
roso growing Is tho selection of good
healthy plants. Weak, Blckly roses
aro dear at any price. Many of theso
plantB lack vigor becauso thoy aro
stunted by renininlng too long in tho
cutting-bed or in small pots, beforo
they aro set out. In order to obtain
tho best results, thorcforo, It is ndvls
nblo to restrict one's patronage to
first-class nurserymen only, firms that
For Cut Flowers Nothing Can Rival
tho Beauty of the Ro6e.
nro prepared to furnish strong, well
rooted plants, such ns will mako a
showing tho first senson nnd develop
into vigorous snecipens.
In selecting roses for tho garden, It
Is well to know thnt theso plants nro
grown In two wnys, that is to say on
tholr own roots or budded low on tho
MnnettI, a brlor-roso that has largely
superseded tho Dog-roso and other
stocks In this country.
Experts aro divided on tho question
hb to which should recclvo tho prefer
ence, nnd tho beginner Is liable to bo
In a quandary becauso growers aro apt
DEVICE KEEPS
Tho main feature of tho fastener
hero represented Is tho bar L which
is Intended to prevent tho cow from
crowding forward so that tho drop
pings fall on tho plntform. Tho other
parts can bo modified to suit Individ
ual tastes,
AAA aro tho divisions between tho
mangers, tho bottom being 1C inches
long nnd tho top 30 InchcB.
B is a strip 1 by 4 Inches, 3 feet
long, ono to bo nailed on ench sldo of
tho partition A, as shown In tho
drawing.
C Is tho Bldo of tho manger next to
Iho feeding alley.
D is a 10-inch board separating tho
manger from tho standing floor.
13 Is a 1 by 3 Inch Btrlp In -corner
nf manger.
F Is a 1 by 8 Inch bonrd, 4 feet
long, with a slot 3 feet long by 1 Inch
wldo In lower end to allow Rb being
Bllppcd over partition A, botweon
strip R and board D, and should bo
securely nailed to n and D.
II and I nro 1 by 2 inch strips, 8
Inches long, between F nnd J. Tho up
per edge of I should bo 31 or 32 Inches
from the standing floor.
to arguo for their own method of
propagation. But of Into years many
eminent rosnrlans havo pronounced
themselves in favor of budded plants.
A prominent firm of rose-growers nt
Itochcstor, N. Y., that Is known tho
world over for tho oxcollcnco of Its
roses, concretely expressed this con
vlction nB follows:
Wo find mnny varieties of roses
grown on this stock (MnnettI) adapt
themselves to a greater rango of ell
mnto nnd soil, bloom moro profusely,
enduro better tho heat of tho summer
and make far stronger plants than it
grown from tholr own roots. Mnny
object to budded roses on nccount of
tho suckorB they sometimes throw
out; but If proper nttontlon is pnld to
tho planting, this will rarely bo nn
nnnoynnco. Budded roses should bo
planted sufficiently deep, so thnt tho
Junction of tho bud with tho Btock is
from two to threo Inches below tho
Burfnco of tho earth. If dcsplto this
precaution, a wild shoot Bhould hap
pen to atnrt from tho bnso, tho growth
nnd follngo of tho stock aro so distinct
thnt It Is readily recognized by tho
most lnoxporloncod nmntour and le
easily removed.
Another authority on this subject
goes oven further nnd contends that
mnny fino vnriotlos of the queenly
flowor nro utterly worthless unless
thoy nro budded. My own experlenco
coincides with that referred to above
Moreover, I found thnt It Is possible, S
as a rule, to roplnco budded roses
moro cheaply thnn thoso grown on
their own roots, which Is nnother
point in tholr favor, particularly In
localities whero many roses nro liable
to bo winter-killed.
Roses may bo grown to perfection
in ordinary garden soil, provided they
aro planted in a sunny, sheltered locn
tlon, nwny from tho roots of lnrge
trcps, for theso will absorb all the life
sustaining nutrition of tho soil, where
as young trees nnd dwnrf shrubbery
do no hnrm. If tho soil Is naturally
poor, howevor, It Is ndvlBablo to lay n
substnntlnl foundation for future good
results, by BUbstltutlng a qunntlty of
lonm, sand nnd fertilizer, In tho fol
lowing proportions::
To ench wheolbarrow load of loam
which, by tho way, may bo readily
obtained undor tho sod of tho field or
by tho roadsldo add ono-thlrd of Its
bulk of well-rotted Btnblo manure nnd
somo snnd, If thnt constituent should
bo lacking.
This conglomeration should bo thor
oughly mixed by bolng spaded to a
depth of a foot, nnd is then ready for
tho reception of her majesty, Queen
Rosa, ns she was termed by Dean
Hole, tho man who had roses In his
heart as well as In his gnrdon. Roso
roots ponotrnta deeply when thoy havo
a chnnco, but It should bo remem
bered thnt thoy will not ..thrive In
stagnant soil, henco good drainage is
erisontlal.
Tho question naturally presents It
self hb to which Is tho best tlmo to
plnnt roses, but tho broad extent of(
our country precludes a deflnlto reply.'
Generally speaking, however, mid
spring should recclvo tho preforenco
and It is hotter to bo a llttlo too early
than too late.
A STALL CLEAN
J Is a 1 by 8 Inch board, 4 feet long,
nailed on D and bolted through H nnd
I to F. This leaves a slot ono inch
wldo botweon F and J for bar L to play
In from I to II.
K K nro blocks socuroly fastened tc
J to hang swinging partitions to. Tho
upper ono should bo 2V6 Inches thick
and the lower ono 2 Inches.
L Is a bar 2 by 2 Inches extending
across tho stall with a tenon 4 inche8
long on each end to work loosely In
tho slot between tho boards F and J.
When standing at rest tho cow has
her head over tho bar L. When eat
ing sho puts her head under the bar.
If sho wishes to raise her head whllo
eating sho can do so, ns tho bar will
ralso to Btrlp II.
For partitions between tho cows uso
1 by 4 Inch strips 6 feet long, and
braces of tho same material. Theso
partitions are hung by ordinary T
hingos to tho blocks KIC, so they will
swing both wnys. At tho guttor pro
vldo chains with a snap on ono end,
and of proper length to reach from
ono partition to the next. Theso
chains hold the partitions in place
and keep the cows, la the stall
1
'i'l
HI