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NOTES zS?-,
MEM)0BROOK
30 FARM
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Look out for the little colts.
Sharp tools make the work easier.
A gentlo mother makes gentle
chicks.
Tbo hen should also bo dusted occa
sionally. Watch out for lice on the late hatch
ed chicks.
Dutch cheeso Is an Ideal food for
young turkeys.
Give the young calf an early chanco
to nibble at grass.
There Isn't a thing wrong with some
horses except, their owners.
Churning when crenm Is too warm
ha3 the effect of whitening butter.
Nature Intends that the calf should
have the first milk from the mother.
Handling colts from tho start ob
viates breaking and substitutes train
lng.
"Use only a thoroughbred butter
bred sire for next year's crop of
fcalves.
Farmers, as a rule, pay too little at
tention to tho comfort of their work
horses.
Thero Isn't much play about dairy
ing, but no other Job pays better for
hard work. ,
The draft horse Is one farm por
duct that bulls and bears cannot cor
ner nor control.
Sheep do have one real menace,
howover, In tho summer. That Is In
ternal parasites.
Let us use more of our own dairy
products at home. They are tho best
that can be produced.
A mule authority says: "There is
nothing that walks that will beat an
old Jennet as a money maker."
Marking chicks or young turkeys
with a poultry pounch does no harm,
and the fowls will always show tho
mark.
Ground oats, green clover hay, and
sweet skim-milk make a good ration
for lambs after they aro twenty-one
days old.
Bo careful not to overwork the brood
mare when she la nursing a promising
colt, for overheating of her has a bad
effect on the milk.
Pasturing grass too soon or too
hard Is an expensive way of saving
feed. It costs several times the
amount of feed saved.
Tho hog house if left open will sup
ply a cool place for tho pigs to lie In,
and also protect the young from heavy
storms and from tho hot Bun.
Having too many chicks In ono
brood, whether with a hen or In a
brooder, Is a common fault. Chicks
In small broods always do better.
Havo an aim in breeding, and try to
.breed nil the colts to a standard or
type. In this way you will get
matched pairs which will bring better
prices.
Experience tho last year has shown
it Is best mako such crops as cowpeas
and alfalfa into hay to feed dry and
to fill tho silos either with corn or
kafflr.
This Is the time of year when lice
do tho most damage In tho poultry
yard. The young chickens should ho
examined every week for head lice or
for lice on tho body.
When a man wants to use his horse,
and has to chase him all over tho
farm In order to catch him, It Is evl
dent that either the man or tho horso
was not brought up right.
Where sllngo Is used tho lnnd can
bo used to grow another crop of
corn. Thero is no way to get so
much off an aero as to put It into
corn and put tho corn in the silo.
Cattle certainly aro scarce. If they
were not tho great hog runs would
have the effect of bringing down tho
price of beef. Shortage of cattle can
not bo mado up aB soon as that of
hogs and wo may look for short beef
supplies for some time to come.
Most Intelligent men realize that It
costs just as much to raise a scrub
as a well-bred animal. When It comes
to selling thore Is a vast difference In
tho prlco that tho two will demand.
At tho same time scrubs aro still very
much in evidenco all through the land.
Leghorns arc natural foragers.
Shado Is an important eloment o.(
success.
Exercise sweating in a horso Indi
cates weakness.
The first essential In making good
butter is good cream.
Camphorated oil Is good for caked
udder or other inflammation.
Frequent stirring whllo cream Is
ripening will mako better butter.
A hog can be starved to cat nl
most anything, but It is poor economy.
Mako very liberal estimates as to
tho number of chickens you aro tc
save.
This Is the time to begin knocking
out another possible feed shortage noxf
winter.
For the young calf Just learning to
eat thero Is nothing bottor than
ground oats.
Milking with wet hands Is ono ot
the most undeslrablo habits that o
man enn form.
. Turkeys often get puny and die
when several weeks old, from no oth
er cause than lice.
Tho longer a calf Is allowed to suck
tho cow the harder It will bo to make
it drink from a bucket.
It never pays to keep moro cattlo
than one can bo suro to furnish with
ample feed tho year round.
By using a little patience a calf can
bo taught to drink quickly by letting
It suck the finger held In the milk.
Thero are many reliable breeders of
Holsteln cattle whose entire herds nv
erago 10,000 pounds of milk per year.
If a thin sow has more pigs than
bIio can suckle to advantage, tako
part of them away and ralso them on
a bottle.
Anybody can ralso an ordinary horso
and sell it for an ordinary price. -It
takes blood and feed and caro to beat
the average.
Tho main points to mako sure about
In buying a separator1 are durability,
clean skimming, easy washing, and
easy running.
Almost any feed that is high In pro
tein, such as milk or middlings, and
the like, Is good for sows, pigs and
growing hogs.
Don't let the young turks out until
dew Is off the grass In tho mornIng(
If you, want turkeys to sell next
Thanksgiving.
Why not a concrete vat In tho milk
house this spring? They aro reason
ably cheap, eternally durable, and
highly sanitary.
Geese, after they get their feathers,
aro rarely, if ever, attacked by In
sects, but this will not hold good In
regard to goslings.
Put a bell on some of tho cows If
they run in tho woods or a brush
pasture. It will save tlmo and steps
in looking for them.
-A
heifer that has a long milking
period with her first calf is very apt;
to establish tho habit of long periods
If she Is well handled.
Seo that tho harness, and especially
the Inside of tho collars where they
come In contact wjth living flesh and
blood, aro smooth and clean.
In tho push of farm work tho truck
patches should not be neglected, fop
In these llttlo things He tho farmer's"
living and his success as a farmer.
On every dairy farm thero should be
two pasture fields, by feeding oft first
ono and then the other, tho cows havo
a succession of rich tender grass and
clover.
Mix half a bushel of dry ashes with
a pint of carbolic acid, a pint of coal
oil, and a pint of sulphur. Put sorno
In the nests and tho hens will not bo
bothered with lice.
Good quality of wheat straw which
Is neither moldy nor dusty, will mako
a fair roughage for horses, and when
fed In moderate amounts should not
prove Injurious In any way.
Barb wire fences aro bud for horses,
but there should bo a barb wire strung
along the top of tho wozen fence or
the horses will ride It down, Tho barb
wire placed thero will do no harm.
The secret of successful gardening
Is high manuring and fertilizing, a
deep, finely prepared soil, thorough
and clean culture, choice vegetables
put up In attractive form and honest'
measure.
If, within the last year or bo, you
havo had a case of blackleg among
your cattlo It will bo a good plan to
give tho pastures a thorough burning
over beforo grasB starts. Flro 1b a
great destroyer of disease germs.
Fruits may bo used with equal sat
isfaction and add much to the va
riety of diet. What we need 1b to
think of fruits not merely bocause wo
like them and find them healthful.
They have a great food valuo which
we should learn and consider in their
selection.
RIM
INCUBATOR CROWDS OUT HEN
Poultrymen Who Aro In tho Business
Commercially Cannot Get Along
Without Machines.
(By n. HA1UU8.)
Wliero not many years ago nlno out
of ton farms had novcr heard of an In
cubator, today tho word Is passing
trom farm to farm that tho profits aro,
larger, tho work Icsb onerous, the
hatches moro sure, and tho hens aro
taking fowor holidays laying Tnoro
eggs. Not all on account of tho Incu
bators, but primarily on account ol
tho incubator, and Bccondurlly on no-,
count of tho largo amount ot book
kndwledgo distributed with It.
Tho farmer's wlfo 1b doing her sharq
In tho profit making. She nlwayfl haB
done It, but now aho 1b getting rocog
altion as a partner In tho business.
ThlB la having It has had Ub ofi
Icct, and tho result Is, farmers aro now
posted on poultry profits. Thoy will,
continue to bo posted, and thoBo who
havo been operating incubators will
go back to hen Incubation only when,
thoy return to tho old custom of,
treading out the grain with oxen
only when they are prepared to put
the cream separator on the shelf.
Poultrymen who are In the business
commercially whoso living depends
upon tho profits would as soon think
of threshing tho grain with tho old
tlmo flail as they would of hatching
chicks or ducklings with hens or,
ducks. Tho thought would bo ab
surd. Without tho Incubator thoy
would havo to go out of business.
BROODER AND COOP COMBINED
Device Made From Old Wagon Box,
With Waterproof Roof, Found to
Be Excellent Shelter.
I havo used all shapes and sizes ot
home-made Jug-heated brooders and
llko best tbo ono made from an old
wagon box. All holes In sides and floor
wero patched up when making It, and
a roof put over ono end. This roof Is
so put on that it may bo raised and
unoopgit
N ft. JBJH !
e n
tSOVR
Brooder and Brood Coop Combined.
lowered, writes Mrs. O. M. Spencci
of Van, Mo., in tho Missouri Valley
Farmer. It is waterproof, but gives
free circulation of air. A partition put
through tho box makes tho hovei
about three feet square, with two
doors for chicks to run In and out. On
damp or cold days and every night a
lantern 1b kept burning In tho hover
which has a cloth hanging from the
top that bags down onto tho backs ol
chicks. Tho light does not annoy
them. Indeed chicks always seem to
prefer to huddle In a cold light place
rather than a warm dark one. The
rest of tho wagon box Is covered with
poultry netting to keep out tho other
chickens. On rainy days It Is well to
spread a canvus over tho netting.
Keep tho young chick dry by all
means, and keep his crop full. A
chick fed all ho wants from tho time
ho Is 30 hours old will never overeat.
On cold or stormy days I feed and
water the chicks in the run and abut
them back In tho hover till they get
restless, then feed and water again.
HANDY FOUNTAIN FOR CHICKS
Mason Jar With Nick In Mouth,
Turned Upside Down, Is Sanitary
, and Easy to Operate.
I am illustrating a very simple
chick fountain that can bo mado up
for a few centB, and which Is simple
to oportfto and perfectly sanitary,
A Handy Chick Fountain,
i
wrltos J. D, Alexander In tho Farm
and Orchard. Wo nso a quart Mason
Jar with a nick In tho mouth, turnod
upuldo down.
$1 :fl
J ROC 'i
WOOLLY APHIDES CAUSE MUCH
DAMAGE TO THE FRUIT TREES
Dreaded Insects Attack Tendcrcst and Youngest Bark,
Hence Receiving Greatest Amount of Nourishing
Sap Keroscno Emulsion is Recommended
as Efficient Remedy.
(By F. H. HILLMAN.)
Woolly aphides aro degraded Insects
closely allied to tho plant llco so com
mon to all plants. Their mouth
parts nro so constructed ub to form
u sharp pointed sucking beak. This
Is thrust through tho tondercst bark
and the tree's sap thus withdrawn.
The very fragility of this sucking or
gan leads to tho greatest damago to
tho Infested tree, becauso It can bo
Inserted only Into or possibly partially
through tho outer bark; thus tho
nourishment Is withdrawn from tho
stem Immediately beneath tho truo
bark, whoso office Is to furnish new
wood on the ono sldo nnd now bark
on tho other. This drain upon tho
tree's food supply nnd tho consequent
Impoverishment of tho growing tissue
at the point of attack tends to Inter
fere seriously with tho proper de
velopment of tho stem attacked.
Especially Is this truo In a year when
theso pests nro apt to nppcar in count
less numbers. Tho withdrawal of
nourishment, aided by tho mechanical
Injury to tho bark, Is very apt to
cause cracks to appear In tho latter,
which, by exposing tho wood benenth,
produce a wound which will greatly
retard, If It does not destroy, tho
growth of tho stem bearing It. No
part of n tree Is moro liable to an
attack, followed by a result of this
nature, than young grafts. Tho dam
nge to such is at once apparent.
The parts of a tree most liable to
an attack by tho woolly aphis are
A Colony of Aphides Clustered 'About
the Side of a Twig.
thoso where tho bark Is youngest nnd
tenderest and hence receiving tho
greatest amount of nourishing Bap.
Tho insects seek tho sap and their
frail beaks must needs havo tho ten
derest bark to plerco that tho desired
nourishment may be reached. The
required conditions nro presented, as
we may readily seo, in recent in
juries to tho bark where now bark
is forming, as for InBtanco, scars
whore limbs havo been removed, or
cracks In tho bark at any part of the
tree; the young "sprouts" that bo
commonly spring from the trunk and
older limbs of tho troo; about the
Aphlds Enlarged One Winged Indi
vidual Is Here Shown.
bases of the younger twigs, sometimes
about tho body of such twigs; and,
lastly, at tho Junction of tho leaf stoma
with tho twigs bearing them. Indeed,
a treo which is badly affected will
present examples of each ot theso
cases.
A colony of theso Insects may bo
located by the mass of woolly matorkal
which usually surrounds and fre
quently covers them. This matter Is
secreted by glands In tho body skin,
nnd In developing becomes moro or
'ess fibrous. Finally it 1b blown
Young Fruit Ready for the- Third
Spraying.
away by tho wind In masses ot angled
fibres.
Nature makes provision for tho de
struction of great numbers of theso
aphides by providing in them a source
of food supply for several different
insects which thus becomo our
friends. These natural agoncles
greatly reduce tbo number of thoso
pests, but in dry seasons nature must
be assisted if these insects are to bo
I
kqpt reduced to nondestructive num
bers. Keroscno emulsion formod by
adding to ono part of a boiled mix
turo ot one-half pound of common
soap nnd a gallon of water, two parts
of kerosene, thoroughly mixing, and
diluted with cold water to form fif
teen to twenty pnrtB Is an efficient
romody.
A doublo hnmlful ot refuso tobacco,
boiled in a gallon of water to form
a strong tea, and diluted to form six
MaMlSMBMMWIMMflBMMSHMMSBWM
A Desirable Form of Kettle For Cook
ing Lime 8ulphur.
or eight gallons, is a valuable and
easily prepared remedy. Carbolic
soap, such as sold in tho shops for
disinfecting purposes, dissolved and
so diluted that a decided odor, of car
bolic acid still remaliiB, is another ef
fective remedy.
PICKED UP, IN
CHICKEN YARD
Several Little Hints That "Will
Prove ot Much Aoolotanco
Co Any Ono Keeping
Poultry.
Tho average cockerel does not pay
for his keep and he should be sent to
tho block as soon as ho weighs four
pounds unless ho 1b to be kept for
breeding.
Let a Btrange dog niBh through tho
poultry yard and tho excitement will
affect tho egg supply frir that day.
Whllo hens havo no sentiment,
thero Is no doubt they nro extremely
norvouB at times particularly during
tho breeding season and should be so
placed that they cannot bo disturbed,
It does not matter bo much about
tho breed as It does about tho kind of
treatment your hens receive.
Of course, if you nro going In foi
poultry to sell on tho market you must
select tho fowl that will produco the
most meat, and If for eggs tho breed
that will produco moro eggs thar
meat. Then It Is "up to you" to gel
the most out of them, as tho slang
goes. ,
Onco more, do not feed tho young
chicks a partlclo of anything for at
leaBt 3G hours after thoy aro hatched
Early feeding means dlseaso and
death;
Do not wait a single day to ordox
your wlro and put your enclosures for
tho youngsters In good condition.
Whon a sick fowl Ib discovered, re
movo It at onco. Maybo If you will
attend td It then and thero you can
savo It, whereas if allowed to wait
too long, It may die.
Throw an extra lot of hay Into the
poultry yards. Tho chickens will
scratch out every clover Bocd. Thero
Is no bottor way to mako tliom work
for their food,
Damp houses aro the greatest pro
moters of disease among fowls.
It 1b a good plan to teach the young
generation of chickens to roost on
porches aB soon as poBBlble. For one
thing, this will kcop them out of reach
of rats.
Ono of our poultry folk advlsoa put-
ting a pint of coal oil In each bucket
of whitewash beforo going over tho
lnsldo of tho hen house. This for the
LBpcclal benefit of llco nnd mites.
COAL TAR FOR
INSIDE OF SILO
Quito Generally Unod for Painting
Inoldo ot Huso Receptaclea,
Enpcclully o( Staves.
Coal tar Is qulto generally used for
painting tho lnsldo of silos, especially
where thoy aro mado ot staves. It
not only nets as a preservative, but It
Is qulto holpful In closing up tho
small cracks and excluding the air.
It Is usually appled whllo hot Tho
hotter tho tar Is tho moro It will
penetrate. Tho usual practlco Is to
heat tho coal tar In a kettle. Caro
should bo taken to keep It some dis
tance from tho building, as the tar,
Ignited, mnkes a dangerous flro. Hot
conl tar gives off fumeB that will lg
nlto when exposed to n flame. Thero
foro, whllo applying tho tar to tho ln
sldo of silo ono should, by all menus,
dlaponso with smoking.
A very good plan is to havo a fire
for heating tho coal tnr some dlstanco
from tho building, nnd then apply it
to tho lnsldo of the silo with a broom
This can bo dono whllo tho silo Ib be
ing filled.
Some mako it a practlco to paint
tho lnsldo of tho alio every year at
Ailing time.
XPie
Qnlgo
1 "'PJ"" ""
When tho pad Is on tho catcher and tho
pitcher's In his place,
And tha batter keeps his optics on tho
dlstanco to nrat bane,
Then tho tension In tremendous for the
truly loyal fan
Who In handing out Instructions Just its
swiftly as ho can
And a thrill of apprehension hits the um
pire, In tho splno
When tho rooter's on tho bleacher and
tho coachcr's on the lino.
When the rooter's on tho bleacher and
the nun Is blazing down
Then we losa nil thought of labor and tlio
other cares of town,
And wo clamber on the trolley, whero tho
pasBonKers nro thick
And a fellow hns to hang on with his
eyebrows, If ho'd stick,
Till thoy dump us at the bnll park, whero
tho fenco Is mostly sign
When tho rooter's on tho bleacher and
tho coachcr's on tho llne
Whon the rooter's on tho bleacher thru
tho gentlo damsels go
In tho .middle of tho grandstand, and they
murmur soft nnd low
That the game Is "Just too lovely," and
Is "charming, dear and cute,"
And thoy reckon every player by tho wrin
kles tn his suit,
And they think soma good flypaper to
catch (Hon with would bo fine, "
Whon tho rooter's on tho bleacher and
tho coachcr's on the lino.
When the rooter's on tho bleacher O, tho
noul-lnsplrtng shout ,
As the umpire says" tho plnyer on the
other side Is out!
O, tho anarchistic outbreak when the rob
ber says tho same
Of a plnyer on tho home team wen we'ro
nghtlng for tho gamo!
And I wouldn't bo tho umplro who .cannot
please either nlno
Or tho rooter on tho bleacher or tho
coachcr on tho line.
Tho Elevator Boy's Progress.
Tho first day ho Is occupied mainly
in learning how to run IiIb elovator.
Tho second day ho Is so delighted
with his position that ho makes ovcr)
effort to glvo all tho information asked
of him.
Tho third day ho gctB his uniform
nnd begins accustoming himself to
telling tho passengers to Btep lively.
Tho fourth day ho learns how to ad
vIbo anxlouB Inquirers to look at tho
bulletin board or ask tho Btartor.
Tho fifth day ho Is so thoroughly
versed In tho duties of his position
that ho can run the car past peoplo
who aro yelling "Down!" or "Up!" nnd
three floors away from them waft
back tho gentlo admonition to punch
tho button. Also ho Ib now able to
carry tho ncrvotiB passenger two
floors too far and then refuse to go
back.
Tho sixth day he Ib an adept and
demonstratca it by sliding tho door
quickly In the face of tho mun who Is
a second late, also by stopping tho
car and dropping a couple of floors to
take on tho stenographers with hugo
blondo rats, who haughtily omit press
ing tho button.
Ho Is now a real elevator boy and
wonders what right tho public thinks
it has, anyhow.
Case of Coercion.
"What Is all this talk about coer
cion?" exclaimed tho orator at the Im
promptu political meeting In the cor
ner grocery. "It is silly! Who can
coorco us? I would llko to seo any
o'no try to tell mo "
"John Henry," Bald a squaro-Jawed
woman who appeared in the doorway.
"John Henry, you toddle on homo with
them codfish and potatoes, or there'll
bo some coercln' dono here In short
order."
And tbo meeting stood adjourned.
Significant Combination.
On the commencement program ol
a military academy we find tho follow
ing Interesting combination of sub
jects of orations: .
"Advancomert In Anaesthesia,"
"Moving Pictures."
Tho Real Thing.
Miss Wundor Is Mr. Ithyraosom a
truo poet?
Miss Qabbelgh Yes, Indeed. Thoy
say he applied at tho city hall for a
poet's llcenso last woek.
m
w4g Rooted
oote bleacher
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