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W
HEROISM OF SEAMEN
Records of the Navy Reveal Nu
merous Instances.
BRAVERY IN FACE OF DEATH
How the Trenton's Band Played In
Samoan Tempest Story of Sink
ing of the War Sloop Oneida
In Sea of Yeddo,
Dy GEORGE CLINTON.
Vn3hlngt0n. Stories havo been told
of tho heroism of American and Urlt
ish passengers and seamen at tho
tlmo or tho wreck of tho great steam,
ship Titanic. Tho navy departments
of two countries have records to show
that American and British discipline
almost always has been maintained In
times of troublo at sea.
It is held sometimes thnt In tho faco
of death supposedly bravo men turn
cownrds and that occasionally tho
supposed cowards turn bravo men.
At my officers and naval otllcers In
Washington say the records show that
when the;iiprcme moment cornea al
most all men or proper birth", upbring
ing, and somo of them add "natron
allty," provo themselves to bo mado
of tho right stult. In tho archives
of tho navy there aro stories of hero
ism which infrequently seo tho light.
Tho Diindsmen or the Titanic went
down to death playing. When the
tempest of 1888 struck the Samoan
coast and tho wreck of tho American
man-of-war Trenton, Cnptaln Furquhar
commanding, was Imminent, the mem
bers of tho Bhip's band took to tho
rigging of tho old wooden ship and
wore lashed thero by tho sailors. Tho
bandsmen played tho "Star Spangled
llanner" and tho music was heard
abovo tho storm, heartening tho sail
ors who were battling with death.
Heroism of Oneida's Crew.
Tho story of the sinking of the Brit
ish troopship with tho soldiers drawn
up In lines upon tho deck and going
to death unflinchingly and In parade
formation, Is known to every school
boy of whatever land. How many are
thero who know that this act of hero
Ism has a parallel in tho deeds of tho
officers and crow of an American man-of-wnr?
In January of tho year 187U
tho United States steam sloop-of-war
Oneida went to tho bottom of tho Sea
of Yeddo carrying with her twenty
four ofllcers and 152 men. It was a
dark, foggy night. Suddenly out or
the gloom loomed the prow ot a great
steamer. Before oven the discipline
of tho man-of-war could do anything
to avert a disaster the stem of the ap
proaching stoamer crushed into the
stern of tho Oneida and carried away
its whole quarter. For a reason unex
plained to this day tho vessel which
struck tho Oneida, and which after
ward was found to bo tho British
steamship Bombay, did not stand by
to learn tho results of the collision or
to offer needful aid.
A largo number of tho Oneida's
boats were smashed In tho collision
and made useless. In tho boats that
were left thero was room for only
thirty men. These boats wero low
ered, and then Capt. E. P. Williams
ordered tho sick brought upJrorn bo
low. These men wcro placed in ttio
uninjured boats, completely filling
them. Captain Williams then ordered
tho surgeon to go with tho Invalids.
Ho demurred, saying that ho prererred
to stay by tho ships.
"Your placo is there, doctor," said
Captain Williams; "inino Is hero. 1
order you to go."
Tho surgeon took his place In ono
of tho boats and cast off, tho con
valescents acting as oarsmen. Captain
Williams and his ofllcers went to the
bridge Below them stood tho men In
groups, calm and motionless. The
sick stood by In their boats and saw
the last scene of that tragedy at sea.
Tho ship's lamps threw a faint light
upon the bridgo and over tho for
ward deck. Tho Oneida slowly set
tled. Soon Us docks wcro awash.
Thero was one last throb of the en
gines, a trembling of tho whole ship's
structure, and tho sea claimed 176
gallant American souls.
Wo Successor to Butt.
President Taft does not, Intend
n present to appoint a personal
military aid to succeed MaJ. Archi
bald W. Butt, who went down to
his death In tho sea at tho time of
tho Titanic dlsastor. It Is Mr. Taft's
Intention to call on one of several
young army ofllcers or .naval officers
from tlmo to tlmo for service. It may
bo that later he will choose one per
sonal atdo who will accompany him
constantly as did Major Butt, but for
somo tlmo yet tho duties of military
aldo to the president or tho United
States will bo divided.
Aa as been told boforo In these dis
patches from Washington. President
Taft has said his word of apprecia
tion of the services and manhood ot
Major Butt, 'it also has been told how
keenly tho loss of tho army officer hns
been felt among all rankB, military
nnd civil, in tho capital. The proba
bilities aro that n monument: will bo
erected to tho major's memory, but ho
will bo only one of those whoso brav
ory In tho last hours will bo so com
memorated. If congress appropriates
monoy for tho mcmorlnl, It will bo to
raise a shaft In liouor of all bravo
men who, with Major Butt, stayed on
tho deck of the Titanic loyal to duty
nnd to American tradition and gavo
up their lives that others might live.
Odd Psychological Condition.
For days In Washington thoro wqb
a curious condition; some porsons
probably would call It a psychological
condition. No ono believed that Ma
jor Butt would be found among those
survivors who found refugo In tho life
boats. Tho only hopo for his safety
held by men who know him and know
army traditions, was that ho might
havo been picked up after tho ship
had gono down. Nelth6r did any man
believe thnt Archibald Oracle, who
was a follow passenger with Major
Butt on tho Titanic, would bo found
among those saved except undor tho
samo chanco of rcscuo that others
would havo after tho steamship bad
gono down.
Archibald W. Butt was not a West
Pointer. Archibald Oracle Is not a
graduato of West Point, but ho was
at tho academy for somo years and
his father was a graduato of tho year
1854. Army men knew Butt and
know Grade, nnd when tho nows came
that Grade was saved somo of his
friends wcro glad In a way and deeply
sorry In nnother way. Tho first re
port had it that Grade had a placo
In ono of tho lifeboats with tho wom
en nnd chlldron, and somo few men
believed this report.
Relieved by the Truth.
When tho story came of tho way In
which Oracle's life n3 saved Wash
ington residents, army and civilian,
wcro relieved. Ho wns saved by ono
of those rare "accidents of chance"
which ono finds In Clark HusseU's sea
tales Grade stood with tho men
while tho women wero saved and, like
Butt, faced willingly what seemed cer
tain death.
After It was learned thnt Archibald
Graclo had been saved somo army
mon who did not know him shook their
.heads, but seemed willing to wait un
til news came which might clear tho
matter up. There are West Point
classmates of Grade's In Washington
who In the face of tho story that ho
was In a lifeboat with the women and
children stuck to their faith in him.
At tho Metropolitan club the matter
was under discussion. A brlgrfdlor
general who was at West Point wltr
Graclo said: "Walt, ho was bred game
and he Is game; he'll come out of this
squarely."
Archie Butt was well known In
Washington In both army and civilian
service. Grade was less well known.
but It was tho feeling In tho service
that the spirit of tho soldier In both
men would sustain them In manifest
duty. Mon wanted both Butt and
Graclo to dlo rather than to learn
that cither had been saved at the
expense of a fellow being. Grade's
rescue was of tho miracle kind and
has apparently nothing about It to
show that ho did not llvo up tho best
army traditions.
Many Capital Fans.
Congress takes a deep Interest
In base,baK that is not represent
ee1 alone by an effort to Investi
gate so-called baseball trusts. Thero
aro fans In" tho senato and fans In tho
house nnd, to get away from congress,
there are fans In tho Whlto House and
In all the departments of government
President Taft Is a fan and frequently
attends the ball games on the grounds
of tho Washington American Leaguo
club.
Tho greatest fan in Washington is
tho vice president of tho United
States, James S. Sherman. Ho has
been missing somo games this year
because ho has had to miss them, not
becnuso ho wanted to. Last year ho
attended nearly every game that was
played on" tho baseball grounds.
Senators Smith and Townsend ot
Michigan and Senator Culberson ot
Texas aro fans of high degree. Thero
is in baseball a hit which Is known ns
a "Texas leaguer" which Is a base bit
rather of tho pop fly naturo which
lands Just bnck of one ot the basemen
too far In tho rear for him to get It
and too far to tho front for an out
fielder to get It. It Is not much of a
hit for length or strength, but It Is
safe Senator Culberson does not like
tho name Texas leguer as applied to
this hit. Ho says the state of Texas
is so big that homo runs can bo made
thero without danger that the ball will
fall outside tho state boundaries, and
that moreover Texans believe in long,
hard drives. He wants some one to
account for tho name Texas leaguer
as applied to this safe but compara
tively feeble hit.
Vreeland's Wonderful Scoring.
Representative Vreeland of New
York state Is a banker and a baseball
fan. Ho goes to every game which It
Is possible for him to attend without
interfering with his house duties. Mr.
Vreeland was a member of tho groat
monetnry commission which framed
the currency reform bill which Is now
ponding before congress. He knows
figures and finance ns he knows his
baseball. It Is said that the score
card which he keeps Is a marvel, be
ing a detailed account of the game
covering many moro points than the
official scorers ever think of putting
down.
Representative Nicholas Longworth
of Ohio, who is a son-in-law of former
President Theodore Roosevelt, Is an
other of tho house baheball fans.
Whon thero are no pressing legisla
tive da-tlz-Mr. Longworth leaves his
seat lnrj'yyort of nonchalant way
Tibout thrco o'clock In ihe afternoon
and saunters out Into the corridor. As
soon as ho gejs up It Is noticed that
a good many fellow members rise
from their seats and saunter down tho
aisles In equally nonchalant manner.
It might bo supposed that this goodly
company was simply going out Into
tho corridor to get a drink of water
Tho Illusion Is lost, though, whon the
corridor Is reached. They strcnk It
for a car which goes to tho corner of
Florida avenue nnd Seventh street,
and the rest of tho afternoon they
spend wntchlng tho greatest gamo the
sun over looked on.
Its Characteristics,
"Tho principal characters In that
play are a baby and a horse."
"That dramatist Is evidently doing
things with mite and mane."
nam &-
- FARM
D-ftc Mttm &r
r wy
BK&V
Screen alfalfa seed.
Destroy the little weeds.
Good dntrymon koop no dogs.
Horses can be pastured on alfalfa.
Tho right kind of seed Is half tho
crop.
Kill tho small woods and thero will
bo no big ones.
Chicks rnlsed In brooders aro not
bothered with llco.
Grass was never moro welcorao to
cows than this spring.
Broiler prices are somowhat better
than they wero last month.
It la well to assume -when chickens
aro dying that tho disease Is conta
gious. Put a slatted frame over tho drink
ing trough and tho water will be kept
cleaner.
The early spring chicken catches
the good price. Raise early spring
chickens.
Plant good seeds. Poor seeds are
dear, no difference what price you pay
for them.
Got the incubntor at work on tho
broiler crop as early as possible. De
lay means loss.
No Incubator can mako good
hatches from poor eggs, that is, those
lacking In fertility.
Moro Incubator hatches are spoiled
by the anxiety of the operator than
from any other one cause.
Lard, vaseline and enough sulphur
to mako a pasto makes a good rem
edy for sorehead In chicks.
Vegetables delight In having a warm,
deep, iich and mellow soil, and will
pay generously for tho privilege.
Lice feed on tho young chickens
that is ono great reason that they fall
to make tho growth they should.
Carefulness In dressing poulCry
pays for the extra pains taken. Tho
pin fenthers must all be removed.
Thero Is genuine satisfaction In own
ing thoroughbred stock and thoy cost
no moro to feed. Go In for tho best.
Worry along without a trap nest,
but keep your eyes open for tho best
layers, and set their eggs next spring.
A little ground charcoal mixed
with tho chicks' feed now and then
will help keep away digestive troubles.
Three rules for success in garden
ing are: Freedom from weeds, thin
ning out, and keeping tho ground mel
low. With reasonably good seed and a
fairly well prepared seed bed, about 20
pounds of alfalfa seed Is required per
acre.
It Is claimed by somo onion grow
ers that carbolic ncld omulslon gives
satisfactory results in lighting the
onion maggot.
Nltrato of soda Is tho most quickly
available source of nitrogen for plants,
but buyers should stoer clear of low
grade nltrato.
Crimson clover makes fairly good
ensilage, but, llko all plants rich In pro
tein, It develops a strong and rather
objectionable odor.
Government reports state thnt moro
up-to-dato agricultural machinery has
been ROld tho Inst ton years than dur
ing any previous ten yearn.
It Is not snfo to pasture either cat
tle or sheep on alfalfa, as they aro li
able to bloat when It Is fed green.
Feed them tho hay or practice soiling.
As the price of land Increases tho
'ondltlon a', '.he mancer of farming
must change, provided, of' course, ono
has to moire Interost on tho money
vnluo of tho lnnd.
Tho young chicks which nro to
mako our winter inyers should bo
hatched from the mlddlo of March to
tho mlddlo of May, depending on tho
breed.
Whon a man does not mind tho
bleat of a sheep that wants moro
feed, salt or wator ho haB not tho
truo spirit or tho shepherd'. Neither
Is ho wor.thy of tho namo of shophord
If ho does not do at once those things
which should bo nttended to, but says
ho will do them tomorrow or some
other day.
'" Tl 7
KUfpt: -L. If VV
Alfalfa ts a poronnlal.
A puro bred bull Is best.
Mongrel fowls nro cxpenslvo.
Light In tho barn Is cssontlal.
Horses with tender foot need much
attention.
Tho wheel hoo saves a lot of back
breaking hoeing.
Good roads lncrcaso values becauso
they mako values.
Good pasturo Is Invaluablo In grow
ing pigs successfully.
Cut strnw Is tho best for bedding,
If you snvo tho manure.
If zinc Is burned with tho coal It will
clear tho chimney of soot.
Aro tho plow-lays sharp, and all tho
tools In llrst-clnss Hhapo?
Two litters of pigs a year la nbout
what tho best sows will do.
Ho that abusoth his coltB mny ex
pect to be kicked by his horses.
Sifted coal ashes aro better than
plaster for tho striped squash bug.
Jerking tho bit and yelling confuse
a horso and advertise a blockhead.
Out-buIldlngs, unpnlntcd fencos nnd
rubbish heaps may bo hidden behind
vines. t
Equal partR of corn and oats nro
hard to excel as a grain feed for
sheep.
Provide plenty of puro wator, sun
shine, range and green forago crops
for sheep.
A flock that gots bono meal and oy
ster shell will have few cases of leg
weakness.
Look out for the yearling colts.
Don't lot them got a setbnek ns spring
approaches.
Soro mouth will sometimes attack
sheep In pens and run through tho
entire flock.
During an extra cold Bpell of
weather add a little corn to tho sow's
grain ration.
Small seeds nnd finely cracked grain
are a better feed for tho small chick
than wet mashes.
Never breed a nervous, hlgh-Btrung
sow Hint Is ready to Jump and run
at tho drop of a hat.
Tho fewer sows kept together dur
ing tho breeding season and until far
rowing time, tho bettor.
Of all fowls ducks aro tho easiest
to raise. Tho egga aro moro fertllo
than tlioso of any other fowl.
Cold weather is not much of a detri
ment to chickens, providing it Is dry
cold nnd tho ntmosphoro pure.
Tho geeso should bo laying nt thcii
best now, and this is, also, tho month
In which turkeys begin to lay.
For tho majority of vegetables, soil
of a sandy nnturo ia best, provided
thero Is a good sub-soil for drainage.
If all tho Implements woro cleaned
nnd painted lust fall, a groat deal ot
tlmo will bo saved when you muBt
"get busy."
A good way to disinfect a broodcT
is to open it wide, tako out tho hover
and let the sun get at the lnsldo
through tho day'.
Making the drinking water slightly
red with pcrmnngnnnto of potash has
often been found to prevent tho
aprcuding of roup.
Poultry mnnure should be partially
dried beforo storing in order to pro
vent fermentation netting in, thus
avoiding tho escnpo of tho ammonia.
There Is no bettor or cheaper wny
of growing hogs than to pasture them
on alfalfa. Ono acre will furnish pas
turage for from ten to twenty hogs
per season.
An old horseman says thnt tho chlet
causo of colic in horses, or the causo
of the largest per cent or tlieRO cases,
Is brought through long abstinence
from water.
Men of moderato meons should start
Hie improvement of their cattle
through the purchnso of a pure brod
bull and gradually grow Into tho
breeding of puro bred animals.
No one can afford to raise pigs that
refuse to fatten or Unit aro frequently
oft feed. In this case the correction
may often bo made beforo the pigs
nr farrowed. It Is very apt to lio
with tho handling of tho brood sow.
To mako alfalfa hny cut In tho fore
noon nnd. lot It wilt; then rake Into
windrowH. It should be cured In
windrows nnd cocks, and stacked nnd
put In barns with as little handling
as possible before the vnluablo loaves
becomo too dry nnd brittle.
Tho garden with a row of trees or
somo shrubbery nlong the north will
bo somo days earlier In the spring but
in dry' countries this cnrllnoss may bo
paid for later. Trees along tho edgo
of a garden are apt to sap the mois
ture for a long dtstnnco on cither Bldo.
'PRUNING AND TRAINING OF
GRAPE VINES OF IMPORTANCE
No Other Fruit-Bearing Plant Responds So Gonerously to
Attention, Adjusts Itself to Conditions, or Is Used
ibr So Many Varieties of Purposes Many
Methods of Grafting.
(By QEOUan C. HUSMAN.)
By nnturo tho grnpevino Is a great
rnmblor. Forms of it nro found In
our woods striving to overtop tho tall
est treos, and slnglo planto over
spread large areas. Again, other
forms nro grown as moro bushes, two
or tlirco feot high, producing crops
ranging from 1V6 to 22 tons of fruit
to tho ncro. No other frult-bcaring
plnnt responds so generously to atten
tion, ndjimta Itself to so ninny condi
tions, or la used for such a vnrloty of
purposes. For theso reasons Jts cul
ture has nlwayB kopt paco with civil
isation. Grnpes aro often grown on
Bolls too poor for other purposes.
Nntlvo species of tho grnpo aro found
In nearly all parts of tho world, nnd
no country In blessed with n greater
number of them than our own. It Is
theroforo reasonable to concludo that
grapes can bo successfully grown nl
most overywhoro In this country, re
sults with them depending largely
upon tho selection of varieties of tho
species suited to tho respective condi
tions. In ordinary practlco grapovlnes aro
propagated from socd, from cuttings,
by layering or by grafting. For orlg-
1. Pruning Grapevlno Roots Ready
for Planting. 2. Vines Grafted Ac
cording to the Cleft-Graft Method,
at tho Left With Two Scions, at the
Right With One Scion.
inntlng new varieties, Boedllngs must
of course bo used. Tho Individual
seedlings differ so widely thnt they
aro seldom used by tho Intelligent
planter even for grafting stock.
Thoro aro many Bo-called mothodB
of grafting. Tho mechanical opera
tions performed nro similar and tho
underlying principles aro tho Bamo,
tho essential difference being tho
placo whoro tho 'work Is done ns im
plied by tho names bench, nursery
nnd vineyard grafting.
Bench grafting is dono on benches
pr tnblcs, usually Indoors during win
ter. Tho grafting of vines growing In
tho nursery Is callod nursery grafting.
Rooted cuttings of other varieties nro
grafted in tho nurBory nnd tho result
ing vines planted In tho vineyard. In
vineyard grafting tho vines growing
whero thoy nro to remain nro grnftod.
In cleft grafting, tho vlnoB nro cut
off nt a smooth placo near and profor
hbly n llttlo nbovo tho aurfaco of tho
ground, unless it is desired to havo
I tho grafts establish thomsolvoB on
their own roots, as It mnkcB th,o re
moval of wator sprouts nnd roots
Btartlng from tho scion much easier
and lessens tho dnngor of Injuring tho
scion beforo it Is thoroughly knitted
to tho stock.
To pruno intelligently, tho nge, bIzo
nnd condition of tho plnnt, tho loca-
Vines Growing In Vineyard the First
Year, Showing Single Shoota Tied
to Stakes.
tlon, cllmato, soil and other fontures
of Ub environment, and tho principles
governing its life must bo considered.
' A statement or somo of tho moro
Important ot theso life principles fol
lows; The sap flows with grcatoBt
forco to tho outer oxtremltles; tho
moro upright a branch Is, tho moro
sap flows into it; tho sap when abund
ant and actlvo produces wood; tho
moro abundant tho flow of sap, the
Unpruned and Pruned Vines, 8howlng
the Method of Training by the Modi
fied Munson System.
larger and later tho fruit; tho ascend
ing sap grows richer tho farther It
flows; checking tho flow of sap makes
tho plant bear earllor und produces
moro nnd richer fruit. Tho vino usu
ally bonrs Its fruit on now shoots
growing from the wood ot tho pre-
vlous year. Tho tJmo for pruning ia
in wlntor, when tho vinos aro dor
mant Thoy should not bo cut when
frozen or whllo tho Bap is flowing
rapidly. Summer pruning is practiced
on tho young growth to rogulato tho
quantity of fruit and the shnpo of the
plant.
In pruning, ono or moro of tho fol
lowing objects nro usunlly nccom-
Grafts Ready for Healing In.
pllshod: Parts of plants removed, re
nowod, promoted or retarded; wound
ed nnd diseased plants cured; tho
shnpo nnd habits of plants modified;
the slzo and quantity of tho fruit In
creased or dlmlntshod; tho quality ot
tho fruit improved; tho fruit mado to
ripen earlier or later; a regular suc
cession of fruit secured; nnd tho
spraying, training, cultivation nnd
gathering of fruit facilitated.
Around tho city homos, whoro there
la only room for n fow vinos, grapes
aro ofton trained on porchea, fences,
outbuildings, trees, nrbors nnd stumps.
In vineyard practlco somo growers
uso only n atako or post, and others
usn oxtcnBlvo systems of training tho
vines.
Tho spur, tho fnn, tho four-arm sys
tem, tho two-arm knlflln, tho Munson,
umbrolln, overhead nnd enno systcma
nro a few of tho mnny methods of
training adopted by vlnoynrdlsts.
Tho( writer considers tho Munson
system of training tho best all-round
Bystom for uso in localities -whoro
rains and storms occur during tho
growing senson. It protects tho fruit
and plnccB it in tho most advantageous
Vines Headed Back for Different Sys
tems of Training; A, the Spur and
Fan Systems; B, tho Four-Arm Re
newal System; C, the Two-Arm
Knlffln, Munson, Umbrella and Over
head Systems; D, a Pruned Vine In
Its Fifth Year, Showing the Method
of Training by tho Cane System.
nurroundlnga for tho best results. It
mnkos . practicable, and . facilitates
spraying for fungous diseases nnd in
sect posts nnd, after tho original out
lay for tho trollls hns been incurred,
lessens tho cost of nil opernttona and
makes them easy and pleasant.
In Callfornit tiolllsos aro compara
tively rare. Stakes only nro used.
Theso give tho vines tho necessary
support and allow tho vineyard to bo
cultivated crosswlso as well as length
wise SECURE HEALTHY
PLANT GROWTH
Proper Regulation of Moisture la
Groutoat Fuctor-Gtve
Water Only When
Needed.
Proper regulation or molsturo Is tho":
greatest factor in securing healthy'
plant growth. Whilo plants can with
stand great oxtromes In tempornturo,,
corresponding extremes In molsturo
will Burely tend to ruin If not kill oven
the strongest.
Wator should be given only when,
needed, and then in such copious'
quantities that the soil 1b thoroughly
soaked. Whon potting plants spaco
should always bo left at tho top ror
pouring in water. An inch and a half
will BUfllCO.
Consider tho kind or plant you aro
wnterlng. Sort-stemmed kinds, espe
cially thoso with largo leaves, will ro
qulro much moro water than hard
wooded, Blow-growing klnda. While
tho former easily recover rrom
drought, tho hard-wooded Buffer per
manently from extremes.
Tho chnractor or tho soil should al
so regulate watering. Heavy clay
soils sour easily, whllo very light loam
aolls dry out quickly, nnd unless euro
fully wntcbed plants In them will wilt.
In elthor caso It Is better to water
thoroughly nnd lesu frequently than
to water sparingly and often.
Tho Boasonn and tlmo of day should
also bo watched. Plants not In nctlvo
growth Bhould bo watored sparingly
until they have regained their foliago.
Watering In tho ovoning Just bet'oro
dnrk greatly nlds fungous dlsoases.'as
tho foliago remains wet through the
night.
Curing Lemons.
Curing lemons in the Bweathoupea
by exhaust from gasollno englnoa In
stead of by coal oil stoves is being
tried In California. '
2 jKreSiz AjinSwv ;2Jjfti& .3355S&
