W ft- I i w, I i L K i ft? i: I Y hr I THE SEMI-WEEKLY TRIBUNE IRA L. BAJIE, Publisher. TERMS, J1.2C IN ADVANCE. NORTH PLATTE, NEBRASKA MEN TEACHERS. Recently thcro lino been much (lis UBBlon In educational clrclos of tho need of men teachers In the higher gradoo, and somo effort hna been made lo attract them to tho work, without nny appreciable results. Thero must be somothlnc about tho calling of the teacher either Its pecuniary Towards or its rango of opportunities that is inadequate- to attract and bold men who might tnho up this calling as a Jlfo work. Tho avorago man teacher uses his position as a makeshift, a etopplng-stono and means of livelihood whllo ho studies for tho law, tho modi clno or somo other profession, says tho St. Paul Pioncor Press. Usually tho man teacher leaves at tho earliest opportunity for moro flattorlng and lucrativo fields of endeavor. It would seem that teaching would bo tho most enjoyablo work for tho student of books and of human naturo, but tho fact remains that men as a rulo do not so regard it It must bo admitted that tho profession of teaching does not hold tho financial attractions of men that aro offered In other profes sions. Tho years of preparation re quired, tho constant study necessary, tho investment in books and other ex penses mako a sovero drain on tho tcacher'B incomo, which is small at bcsL If It too truo that thero is a real demand for moro men teachers, tho chances aro that tho demand will bo supplied whon tho compensation 1b mado commensurato with tho services rendered. Tho statistics of tho flro department of Now York show that at least 25 per cent of tho fires in that city aro laused by tho careless uso of matches And of lighted cigars and cigarettes. Is It not tlmo that this awful risk to others by caroloss smokers should bo taken account of by tho law? It is not a trivial mattor. Tho tossing asldo cf lighted matches and cigar butts without seeing whero they land Bhould bo as much of a penal offonso ns bomb-throwing or incondlarlBm. A caroloss clgarctto, as far as known, caused tho great flro in Baltimoro, one of tho biggest in tho world's history nnd wholly provontablo. A cnrolcss match caused tho recent flro In Now York, with its loss of valuablo Ufo and much loss of property also wholly provontablo. Tho careless usor of a spark of flro 1b an enemy of tho pub lic wolfaro and ought to bo troatod as such. Wo aro as yot prlmitlvo in out outlook upon vital facts. A Tory pleasant prediction has boon mado by a collogo sociologist that tho United States Is duo for war In 1030 and that this nation will bo In tho wrong, as probably by reason of Its wealth and importanco, it will havo becomo an international bully. Ho bases this assertion on tho ovldonco of history. I3ut to offset this aro tho facts that tho dlroot rulo of tho peoplo Is becoming moro and moro tho na tional ideal of government, and that with tho peoplo as n wholo vitally In control, tho peaco Bontlmont will bo Btrongcr than over. It Is upon tho mnsBOS, not tho classes, that tho hor rors of war chiefly fall, and tho olo mont of self-interest will then bo moro engaged In tho preservation of peaco than over boforo in tho history of tho world. In tho moantlmo, potential academic wars need not sorlously af fect tho national peaco of mind. Professor von Wassorman has in formed tho Dorlln Medical Socloty of amazingly successful cxporlonco In treating cancerous ulcers In mtco with Injoctlons of a preparation contalnlnfl coeln, tolllurlum and solonlulm. Ho says that nftor tho fourth Injection ul cerous affections almost entirely dis appeared, and at tho end of ton days somo of tbo animals woro entirely cured. Dut ho Is not certain, ho says, that similar results would bo attain able In tho caso of human beings. A Harvard professor says that dl vorco is symptomatic of a dlseaso which ho calls Amorlcanltls and has something to do with nerves. Ho Is probably right, for thero Is nover a dlvorco unloBS ono party gets on tho nerves of tbo othor. If, as H French physician charges, a nan can got rid of his superfluous flosh oy eating flvo liberal meals per day, are we to Infer that an emaciated per eon can mako himself fat by starving: A woman In a wostorn city Jumped upon tho ctago In a moving plcturo show and by singing stoppod a panic in tbo audlcnco, Thero nro eomo things more startling than an alarm of Are. Ono hundred and oighty-flvo mur ders were committed In Chicago In the year which endod Docombor 31, 10X1 an average of moro than ono a day. No wonder there are thoso who call Chicago "the Wicked City." POINTS FOR SUCCESS Sunshine and Nitrogen Are Two Great Essentials. Plowing Under of Turf, Mixed In With Little Irrigation, Farmer Never Need Fear Failure Increase Fertility. Tho farmer man or boy must bo constantly reminded of tho value of crop rotation, live slock, grazing, barn-yard muck, good seed and deep tillage or ho will not get along very well. Only tho othr day Hurbank told mo thnt tho two grent essentials In our economic existence aro sun shine nnd nitrogen tho ono nnd tho Biimo but Interchangeably different in producing all that tho world con tains, writes Eugene H. Grubb In tho Denver Field and Farm. With theso essentials and tho plowing under tho turf mixed in with a llttlo Irrigation wo will never have a crop failure, Wo will continually Increase fertility and get largor yields, just as do tho farm ers of Great Brltnln. It Is a deplorable fact that tho American fanner is producing, under Uio most favorable conditions, only ono-thlrd of tho crops which tho Eu ropean farmer Is raising under ex tremoly bad conditions. Another sig nificant fact Is that tho fertility and productivity of tho European farm is gradually Increasing whllo that of tho avcrago United States farm Is de creasing, In about tho same Inverse ratio. This is truo, despite tho fact that the farms of Europe havo bocn workod for 2,000 years. Tho corn area of tho United States Is practi cally developed. Thero aro no now fields except In Argentina whero wo can look for Increased production of com for human food or the making of meats. Tho only solution of tho problem of perjuring cheaper prices for the food of tho peoplo of this nation Is to double or treblo tho ncro yield. Tho capabilities of tho soil aro treblo, If not quadruple, what tho land Is now being mado to show. Wo cannot too soon adopt tho methods and princi ples of European ngrlculture. Tho stinginess of tho United States gov ernment In appropriating a measly $113,000,000 a year for tho furtherance of tho great cnuso of ngrlculturo Is almost Inconceivable Practically tho on tiro wealth of tho country Is creat ed by tho farmer and tho miner. Out of tho earth comes wealth In nearly all Its forms. Tho valuo of the na tion's crops approaches $0,000,000,000 annuully and this nmount can bo troblcd If tho farmer Is given tho propor knowlcdgo of scientific metln ods. Tho prosperity which will en suo will reach every lino of Industry, without exception. Tho appropriation by tho govern ment for agricultural purposes should not bo ono cent less than $100,000,000 every year. It would bo Incompar ably tho best Investment that con grcBB could mako. Ono of tho most valuable factors- for tho education of tho farmer along right lines Is tho ag ricultural collogo yet this Institution Is giving tho fanner of tho nation only half-measure. Wo aro todny misapplying tho revenues from tho Morrill act. Tho bill, enncted In tho early Blxtlcs, was most wlso In Its conception. It provided nmplo funds for tho education of tho mnBBCB nlong agricultural and mechanical lines, but wo aro not gottlng It. If tho wlso pro visions of that net woro carried out, particularly tho ono requiring that ench and evory student shall work not loss than two nor moro than four hours a day nt manual labor In tho field or shop, our frco agricultural schoolB would not bo overcrowded by men and women seeking" university profoBslotiB to tho exclusion of many who aro earnest In their desire to conquer soil problems. If the student lo pursuing a literary course exclusively In tho agricultural collogo, whero ho does npt belong, ho would soon seek other sources of cul ture Only by a combination of tho technical study of tho class room and tho practical work of tho Held tho farmor student enn bo educated up to tho fullness of his capacity to got tho most from tho feed lot and tho soil. Another regrottnblo fact of our Insti tutions and conditions Is tho Iosb of tho apprenticeship system in our trades. Wo aro now compelled to rely upon tho mochnnlcs that come from Europo to do our work. If tho agricultural colleges would llvo up to tho rcqulrcmontn of tho Morrill act wo would glvo tho American boy an opportunity to acquire a mechanical education. MANY ASK ABOUT IRRIGATION Number of Eastern People Seeking Information of United States In creases 40 Per Cent. In Year. Tho number of eastern peoplo seek ing information about agricultural con ditions In tho Irrigated territory of tho west has Increased moro thnn 40 por cent, during tho last year, says Dr. A. C. Truo, director of experiment stations, In his annual roport to Sec rotary of Agrlculturo Wilson. "Tho thousands of settlers who hnvo mado their homes on Irrigated lands duriog three years," ho adds, "aro for tho most part ignorant of irrigation practices nnd methods. To assist thorn ns woll as tho old settlers, who also nro confronted with now prob lems from tlmo to tlmo, ngonts havo boon maintained throughout tho year In ton weotern states and In thrco oU'ers part of tlo year," HOW TO TREAT ALKALI SOILS Evaporation of Moisture at 8urfac rings Injurious 8altt to Level, Injuring Plant. Tho Kansap Industrialist, published by tho agricultural college at Man hattan, contains In a recent Issue a brief article on how to handle alkali Boils. It Is pointed out In tho first place that such crops as cano ard kaflr corn may bo grown on landB not too badly affected by alkali. It seems that alkali In any soil comes from tho subsoil away down deep. Evapora tion of tho soil moisture at tho sur face Is what brings tho alkali to tho level whero tho main Injury to plants happens. If evaporation Is prevented, theso strong, Injurious Baits will not como to tho surfneo and cat the tender plants. That, then, is ono way to re claim. And It Is done thin preven tion of evaporation In three ways: shading, mulching and keeping tho soil at tho surfaco well cultivated. Mulching is practiced in tho caso of young orchards. Tho young trees aro protected In this way until they be come largo enough to protect them selves with their own shade, when tho mulch Is needed no longer. Straw, leaves or mnnuro may bo used lo mako tho mulch. Theso In volve moro trouble and expense than tho slmplo maintenance of a loose sur faco soil mulch throughout tho dry season. As such a mulch Is neces sary, anyway, to tho cultivation of somo garden crops nnd hoed field crops, It Is an inexpenslvo method of reclamation. Somo Held crops, when onco estab lished, will do well on a slightly al kaline boII, provided a good stand has been obtained. This is truo of alfalfa. Tho alfalfa seed Is sensitive to "black" alkali and Is very likely to bo ruined by It. To prevent this, it is well to use gypsum when sowing alfalfa. This neutralizes the "black" alkali and leaves It harmless. Then, when tho nlfnlfa has grown to a good stand It may llvo for many years without a sign of Injury. Then thero Is the "leachlng-down" method of reclamation, In which tho toll Is kept flooded with wnter from three days to a week, when tho alkali salts will be carried deop enough Into tho soil to prevent further Injury for a fow years at least. This mothod Is not possible except whero an nbun danco of water i& accessible. It Is used In Irrigation districts. Tho flnnl and universal treatment for alkali soils is undardrnlnago by tile. TIiIb treatment of a land will remedy all tho evils of alkali. Its only drawback Is tho first expense Private persons uso tho underdraln ago method sometimes, but genornlly It requires co-operation or assistance from tho govornment to make this method feasible. When onco this drainage system Is built It rt.nalns -.-..... good Indefinitely. Potatoes From Irrigation. Excellent potatooa nro shipped to Chicago and othor enstorn cities from tho irrigated country. Shipments aro often received from Colorado, of n potato of such high grado that It com mands a prlco of ton conts moro n bushel than tho ordinary product. National Drainage Congress. Tho national drainngo congrcs3 Is ft now creation by members of tho na tional Irrigation congress. This con gress will Eook to reclaim all lands now In a swampy condition. PoultryNotes Tho wire nest Ihib much to com mend It. A neglected hen will lny In summer but never In winter. Scraps saved at butchering time mako n flno egg Btlmulntlng feed In cold weather. A dozen eggB will buy almost a bushel of oats. And oats mako a good winter feed for eggs. Hens that nro lot out Into tho cold nnd snow nro soon chilled out of the cgg-lnylng notion. For quick fattening, nothing beats a mash of corn meal and milk, fed warm about three times a day. If tho house Is damp scatter some dry ashes and air slaked lime about They aro good nbsorbonts. Itumiing an incubator is a Job for n grown person. Hotter not lot the children have anything to do with It. it Is n good plan to mako the nest bottoms of poultry wlro. That makoa them easy to clean and a poor harbor for mites and lice. Ducks kept up In winter will bo found to thrive better If thotr corn is soaked In warm water Instend of feed lug It hard nnd dry. A light enso of roup may often bo cured by ducking tho alck bird's head In a mlxturo at ono ounco per mnngnnato of potash to three pints of water. Tho weathor Is changeable theso days and tho incubator will bear close watching unless kept In a building whero tho temperaturo !b very uni form dcsplto outside changes. Every farmer keeps chickens and If they would give their poultry tho snmo caro their other stock gets they might all have wlntor eggs. l'lgoons tako caro of tho feeding ot squabs and that saves a lot of bother. Tho mighty mlto la moro qulot theso cold winter days, but ho Isn't dead. Gapes can bo cured by fumigating tho chicken with sulphur. Tho first thing after setting up an Incubator Is to select a place for It . H K'i" G5x& 1 Ki " 18,000 Miles of Postage Stamps a Year f. , I s7Z fTHEr MJSTOOA yy-7Sz lLOr OF -TER I SlSoA I wmNC 0N M0IW' WASHINGTON. If all tho poBtago stamps Issued by tho United Stntcs government during tho last fis cal year were collected and laid end to end they would form a chain over 18,000 miles long, stretching three fourths nround tho world, or from New York to tho Philippines and back. The number was 10,0G1,439,7C8, with a representing face valuo of $180,957, 385. Of tho wholo number 5,130,249,018 were two-cent stamps and 3,798,961,039 wero one-cent. Only ono thirty-cent Btamp was issued. Tho American postago stamp is now serving Its sixty-sixth year, tho first issue having been placed on sale July 1, 1847; tho total Issued during that year was 860,380. Prepayment of postago did not becomo compulsory until 1856. Tho postago stamps of tho current lssuo have given considerable trouble How Adee Turned ASSISTANT Secretary of State Al vey A. Adeo Is ono of tho men In tho government service who nro said to bo Indispensable. Ho. is n walking encyclopedia on matters diplomatic and can handlo tho most intricate af fair of state with tho confidence born of long and faithful service. His predecessor in hU lino of work held ofilco for moro than a generation and was such a public official as Mr. Adee. Ono of Mr. Adee's chief character istics Is his tremendous fund of good naturo and stories concerning his offi cial actions never grow old. Ono of tho best stories told of him was a joko on tho secretary himself which he nover relished, although his Intimate friends say he has privately ndmltted tho humor of tho situation. When Mr. Adee gets down to seri ous work he does not like to bo inter rupted and at one stage in his ofilcial servlco he found interruptions bo nu merous ho hit upon tho scheme of Ptlng a special lock upon tho door 1 ftf llln j-tfTlrtr 4ltA Tifnultln, nf vnl.lnli 1 n of his office, tho working of which he himself could control. One day ho dismissed his secretary and messen ger, carefully locked tho door nnd got down to business. In tho courso of tho morning ho wanted his messenger nnd rang tho usual bell to call him. Tho messenger Was Not the First f' what is the iwcl OF DfclflCA DIPLOMAT IP 1QU CANT WfAR UNIFORM onetooKs MORE LPiCi1IFlEO , THE accounts of Ambassador Irish man's resplendent court costumo of navy bluo with gold braid created vory llttlo stir In Washington. Public men havo ceased to havo tho old-fashioned Interest In tho government's representatives nhroad. Few even keep in mind tho names of tho con stantly shifting procession of diplo mats, nnd It is only when an interna tional affair of somo proportions arises that tho average senator or congress man takes tho troublo to recall what particular Individual represents tho United States at any particular court. Thero was hero and thero a man who hud something to say of tho Inci dent. Tho many, however, neither knew Mr. Lelshmnn nor cared how ho might chooso to dress at n court func tion. But nt tho state department, &, i& r$ " - &jg?raj Young Congressman's Dates Were Mixed STRANGER entered tho offico of Representative William S. Roy- burn of Philadelphia, who broke a lot of youngest congressman rocords by landing in tho lower liouso last spring at tho age of twenty-eight. Ho introduced himself nnd then be gan to ply tho congressman with ques tions. "You know your multiplication tablo by tho tlmo you woro n year and a half old, I presume?" ho suggested. "Oh, certainly!" said Reyburn, deeming it wlso to humor tho fellow nnd avoid n sceno. "And at what ago hnd you mastered Latin grammar?" pursued tho inves tigator. "Flvo years perhaps?" "Somowhoro around there," nodded Reyburn. "And as you grew older," went on tho visitor, "that 1b, when you got to bo nlno or ten years of nge, which of your college studies appealed to you most?" At first tho man's talk had been merely funny, but now It looked sorl oub and Reyburn became nervous. Thero wob no telling at what moment tbo visitor might becomo violent. wgvww to tho public and to tho postal Bcrvlco on account of tho similarity of tho designs of the different denominations. All of the eleven denominations In uso aro of identical design, except that tho one-cent bears tho head of Frank lin and tho others tho head of Wash ington. There aro not a sufficient num ber of distinctive colors for nil the stamps, making It necessary in tho caso of those above the six-cent to uso different Bhadcs of tho colors used in tho lower denominations. Thus tho one-cent and tho eight-cent nro differ ent shades of green; tho three-cent nnd fifty-cent different shades of pur ple; the five-cent nnd tho fifteen-cent different shades of blue. In tho rapid handling of mall matter ono denomi nation is very npt to bo mistaken for another, especially under artificial light. Tho first six stamps aro of sufficiently contrasting colors. The department is now arranging to print tho remaining five with different border designs. Further, tho first six will bear tho head of Washington, whllo the remaining five will bear tho head of Franklin. Tho one-cent and two-cent stamps will also bo altered to express tho denomination in numerals Instead of In words, thus making them conform to the other stamps of tho series. the Joke on Himself knocked at tho door nnd received n response. When tho bell rang a sec ond tlmo ho called upon Mr. Adee's secretary to witness tho fact that ho had knocked again for entrance, but had not been received. After one or two rings on tho mes senger call, which sounded llko a Bmall-slzed lire alarm, Mr. Adee placed IiIb finger on the button and kept it there. The result was conBter nation all over the state department. Poundings and kicks on tho secre tary's door brought no response and fears began to grow that he was seri ously ill. In tho end tho combined office forco had to break tho door off its hinges and Mr. Adeo was found sitting at his desk, angry and Indig nant that his calls had not been an swered. Tho secret of the situation was that Mr. Adee had forgotten about tho new lock and an Impairment of his hearing had prevented him from answering tho repeated knocking at his door. to Wear a Uniform whero Mr. Lelshmnn Is known, and It Is tho dally business of everybody to know diplomats and be interested In everything they may chanco to ba doing, thero was no surprise at tho navy bluo shade of tho Lelshman uni form, and tho gold braid caused no shudders to run down any official splno for fear that the ambassador would be recalled by his government or censured by a resolution by con gress. On nil sides officials wero fortified with precedents for wearing various sorts of clothes at state functions nbroad. Mr. Breckinridge, who, in Arkansas, woro homespun trousers, put on white silk stockings and kneo breeches at tho coronation of tho czar and got along very well at that ex cept for tho snickering of the ladles nt the nttenuated condition of tho ministerial calves. Theodore Runyan, who at ono tlmo held some sort of a commission In tho New Jersey mi litia that gavo warrant for a uniform, served his country as minister to Ger many during tho last Cleveland ad ministration, and put that old militia uniform on and wore It to a court reception with great success. I um "Say, what aro you getting nt?" asked Reyburn, fidgeting In hl3 chair. "Why, naturally your caso Interest ed mo, and many other earnest Btu dentB of psychology," replied tho vis itor, quietly. "Any young man who could finish collego at tho ago of twelvo seemed to us " "Hold on there I" exclaimed Rey burn. "Way-tay-mlnutel Who was It told you such bughouso stuff that I finished college nt tho ago of twelve?" "Why, I snw It in your biography In tho 'Congressional Directory.' " Reyburn seized tho directory on hla desk and turned to tho pago whero it Bays ho was born in 1882 and was graduated from Yalo in 1894. It was tho first tlmo his attention had been called to tho misprint. Tho latter dato should havo read 1901. No r.. Busi mtw.i.. 4WUSi li?fap RV. Stays Don't imagine for a moment that all brands of stove polish arc alike. If your stoves become rusty and dull soon after tlicy are polished it shows tint you are not using Liquid and Paste One Quality Black Silk makes a brilliant, silky polish that does not rub oft or dust off, and the shine lasts four times as long as ordinary stove polish. It is used on sample stoves by liardware dealers. Sold by them to those who want good goods, All we ask is a trial. Use it on your cook stove, your parlor stove or your gas range. If you don't find it the best itove pelith you ever used, your dealer is authorized to refund your money. Insist on Black Silk Stove Polish. Don't accept substitutes. All dealers can get Black Silk from their job bers. A Shine In Every Drop SI Keep your rrate. register, fenders and store pipe brteht and free from ratline by uslnr PUCK SILK AIR-DRYINf! ENAMEL. Brush free with cub can ol enamel only. Use BLACK SILK METAL POLISH for sllrerware, nickel, tinware or brass. It works CuIcUy, easily, and learej a brilliant surface. It has no equal for use on automobile. Black Silk Stove Polish Works STERLING, ILLINOIS 3 FtgfjilLCOVJi Chest Pains Sloan's Liniment is an ex cellent remedy for chest and throat affections. It quickly relieves congestion and ia flammation. A few drops in water used as a gargle is antiseptic and healing. Here's Proof " I have used Sioan'a Llnimwit for .year and can testily to its w onderf ul efficiency. I have used It for aore throat, croup, lame back and rheumatism ana in every case it gave instant relief." REBECCA JANE ISAACS, I.ucy, Kentucky. SLOAN'S LINIMENT is excellent for sp.nins and bruises. It stops the pain at once and reduces swell ing very quickly. Sold by all dealers Prlco, 25a., GOCm, $t.OO Slojn'a Treatiso on tho Horse Bent free. Addict Dr. Eri S. Sltnin ! Itoiton, Mil). J. 3Z3to V A Thi a errant row mpiitrine l the onlv doctor the herd needs' for most of the ailments pecuhwr to cows. KOW KURE is not a loo J; it is a specific remedy for diseases cf cows the only one in the worlJ for cows only. A Eositive cure and preventive for iARRENNESS, ABORTION, RED WATER, SCOURS, BUNCHES, LOST APPETITE, MILK FEVER. OARGET AND BLOATING. Write For Frte Boob "More Money Fton Your Cows." DAIRY ASSOCIATION CO., MFRS. y Lyndonvliie, vr, u.s.a. 'ji - .nniariin rarmrar PARKER'S HAIR BALSAM deanrra and twautlfltl U9 bill Xiarcr Talla to lleatoro Orajl Hair to It YeutnTUl Color. I irorenia imir i&iiinjr. WW. ml S)l lio at PrtiTlttn, Ilwt Couch Byrnp, Tutti Qood. Um la Ursa. Bold by Dnursltt. jHBg HHHBiSH ,. & :. -,fr- v ' "-.HM