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About The North Platte semi-weekly tribune. (North Platte, Neb.) 1895-1922 | View Entire Issue (Sept. 22, 1911)
NOTES ronz fKC FARM Kcop tho pigs growing. Chicks must have fresh water. Never expect to work miracles with tho cow. Chicken wire makes a good trellis for tomatoes. " The greatest damago to soil Is usually dono after harvost Orlnd the corn you feed tho bid sheep. Their teeth may bo poor. Young chicks still with tho hens thrive bettor on a variety of foods. Tho disk Is tho tool to prepare the corn stubblo for the small grain. Horses enjoy a good drink, but they don't havo to go to town to got 't Novcr throw fruit of any kind Into a basket or box. Lay-It In gently. The production of a cow abovo a certain standard constitutes tho pro JU. Monuro, sod and llmo aro thrco best ways of Increasing the humus in tho SOU. f Keep tho hedges clipped. Buck thorn Is ono of the easiest hedges handled. Thero is hardly a limit to the re sources of tho rat to exterminate chicks. Sheep' suffer tho least from a defi ciency of drinking water, and horses and cattle the most. It is well worth whllo to exert every energy possible to koop your prosent supply of live stock. When, tho pigs' tails begin to hang down straight It is timo. to got out tho worm medicine. A good colt bred for a purpose, and fed and trained for a purpose, Is nqvqr a drug" on' the' market. T Spray pumps and spray materials are. now tho main topic of conversa tion among fruit growers, Tho best uso of stable manure Is to haul It out as fast as mado and spread It broadcast over sod ground. Tho present shortage of forage crops should emphasize the necessity for a reserye supply in silos. More small hogs have probably been marketed In tho last two years than over boforu during tho same time. For tho protection of dairy stock, as well as for Hvo. stock generally, wlndt breaks and treo shorter aro invaluable A litlo salt sprinkled with coal ashes Is as much rolished by tho hogs as "Cracker Jack" 1b relished by tho boys. Tho first step in better croam qual ity in hot weather is to separato tho milk immediately, as soon us it is milked. Keep tho new Btrawberry bed clean cultivated until tho runners aro mat ted too much to permit tho cultivator to go through. Those farmers who kept up their cultivation of the soil not only kept tho corn -over the dry spell but ln areasod tho yield. Tho wild high-bush cranberry, com' mon in many jnarshy, districts, is good, both as an ornamont on tho lawn and for making jelly. Tho right .timo to castrate pigs Is a week or so boforo they aro weaned, if healthy: if dellcato, wait a weok or so until thoy aro strongor. All milk cans should bo washed first In cold water, then thoroughly cleansed with warm water, and finally rinsed in Bcnldlng hot water. Wo cannot expect even tho best pure,-bred to produco animals without a blemish every timo. It Is always a case of tho survival of tne nttest. An xccllent plhn In providing .against shortage of pasture Is to grow each year Borne of the supplementary cronsi such as rye. millet, cow poaa, Tapo or sorghum, to ho used during tho dry season, After somo summer rain you will find your hogs wallowing in some puddlo and enjoying U. Then Is the timo to havo crude oil on hand and tinnr a nailful in the wallow. It wlU float on top nnd kill tho lico on the hogs. Tins is eiieap ana easy warm weatnor way 01 uipping. Provido tho hogs with a walow. Tho comcnt silo la growing steadily In favor. Tho A-ahaped plK,poh isttoo hot for summon ' Many wecdsMnterfcrelwIth tho rota tion ot crow:-, &m . f ; Sllogo may be cut ln-'almost any Bizo 'desired, Watch tho swill barrel. Keep it sweet and clean. Hogs thrive much better on a ra tion rich in nitrogen. Thoro are a few who bavo some of their own seed from tho garden. Hogs enjoy a tank of clean water to batho in during the hot days. Ncvor allow roses to remain on the bush until tho petals begin to fall. Tho common and cut-leaf elders havo proved good lawn plants this year. Ono of tho best foods for growing chickens is tho curd from skimmed milk. A majority of poorly formed draft horses havo Bhouldors which aro toe steep. Oct a good, variety of Lima and bush beans nnd Bavo tho first tc ripen. Too many farmers hnvo failed to ap preciate tho possibilities ot ryo as bos pasture Second crop alfalfa is lino for the pig. but if pastured very closely It will soon run out A straw-colored opon shod for the stock is a much nocded thing on the treeless farm. Rotted manuro Bhould bo spread on the plowed ground and well worked in with the harrow. Even if wo can not get fancy prices for our horses, there are good protlti in growing colts. A good slzod horso has a wider field of usefulness than a small one, and la worth more accordingly. Uniformity in tho size of n buncb of hogs has a great deal to do with tho prico thoy will bring. If you havo your hogs on sour milk, keep them there. To change to swcot may upaot, their digestion. Tho large farm Is moro profitable than tho small farm If managers of tho-proper ability can bo had. - - Thore is no feod better for young pigs nnd calves than 'sweet skim milk right from tho separator. If n poultryman or a farmer doos not tako an Interest 1 in poultry, he had better not keep any at all. Keep tho sweet peas picked. It la better for tho plants and tho house can bo mado moro attractive by their uso. Savo seeds ot trees and shrubs, at they ripen, nnd plant thorn. This is ono way to multiply your ornamental plants. , Many people recognize tho valuo ot a puro bred siro but comparatively few Btop to think JuBt how valuabla ho is. The sow should bo glvon a warm mill-feed slop, mado fresh for each meal, whol6' oats and a llttlo sound corn twice a day. Weed out tho Inferior birds, whothot as to slzo, form or quality, at the earliest possible moment, focdlng the two lota separately. i ; A largo per cent. 'of poultry, espo dally young chicks, die through drink ing from puddles nnd dirty water In their drinking troughs. Every lnclosure for tho hogs should bo perfectly tight, and with oxcellent wlro fences that are now manufactur ed this Is un easy matter. It makes some horses ugly to work them with horses that do not travel up with them. Match them as to gait as well as to other things. Supply clear water. It Is essential to health and to tho hen for tho pro duction of tho egg, tho contents ol which aro nearly three, parts water. If sows aro carelessly fed during pregnancy, trouble of somo kind Is suro to follow at farrowing; if over fed after farrowing, losses may occur among the pigs from scours and thumps. Keep In mind that If your silo Is partly filled with Indian corn or nuy other ono crop, you can later finish filling it with any other crop or crops which you may grow, and In this man ner got your alio full. No up-to-date farmer will bo without a hand separator, and tho skim milk, when Improved in quality by tho nd dltlon of Bomo concentrated food, Is solving tho problem of raising good dairy stock on tho farm, in addition to turning overy ounco of fat In tho milk Into butter. PROPAGATION OF THE PLUM BY BUDDING OR GRAFTING la General Practice Former is Moro Successful Work Beta? Done at Close of Active Growing Period Under , ' Average Conditions Spring is Best Time For Planting. The Golden (By E. E. LITTLE, Iowa Agricultural Colltgo Experiment Station.) Tho plum may bo propagated either by budding or by root grafting. In genoral practice- tho former Is the moro successful, tho work belug dono nt tho closo ot the activo growing period. Tho Marianna and tho Myro balan plums, nnd tho peach, aro often usod In .southern nnd eastern nursor les for plum stocks. Theso aro not .recommended for uso In Iowa, bo causo thoy lack hardiness. In top grafting tho plum, It is important that tho stock and tho clon belong to the samo or a closoly rolated spoclos. It this Is not tho caso tho union Is apt to bo unsatisfactory, nnd tho treo be comes poorly doveloped nnd la short lived. For tho Amorlcan varieties, stocks df tho native upoclos should bo used. Minor is highly rccommonded as a stock for tho Amorlcan plums by Bomo of our Iowa growors. Tho Americana plum abounds throughout tho prnirlo regions and docs well on black prairie soil, as well as on heavy clay soils along streams. So long as tho dralnago 1b reasonably good, this typo ot plum docs woll on a wide range ot soils. Under nverago conditions, spring Is tho best timo for planting plum trees. In exceptional seasons with a favora blo molsturo supply, fall planting may bo done with success, providing tho work Is done early so that the trees may becomo reestablished before win tor sots in. Often, howover, tho mols turo supply In tho fall Is an uncortaln quantity, and it tho ground Is at all dry the tree which has been recently disturbed is likely to suffer sovoroly during tho winter. Tho dlstknco apart to plant doponds somewhat on tho variety nnd also on tho typo of soil. Oenorally 18 to 20 feet apart gives nmplo room. Tho plum naturally producos a thick, dense growth, eventually result ing in nn oxcosa ot fruit spurs and a heavily-shaded top. Under such con ditions tho fruit Is liable to bo poorly colored, and tho dense- shade tends to WAY OF STORING WAGON BOX 7 7 f Tho accompanying Illustration shows a cheap and handy motbod of hoisting and storing tho wagon box from tho wagon. Tho construction is self-explanatory, tho position ot posts and other details being varied to suit conditions. The chief advantages dt this plan aro that it can bo oporated by one person, can bo put In at a small cost, Variety. maintain a damp atmosphoro which encourages tho development ot plum fruit rot. Sufficient pruning should bo dono to correct this tendency. Any cross branches should bo removed. Ad fruited nt this station and olse whero In tho state Golden Is an at tractive, goldon yellow plum, rathor largo for Its class, being about the bIzo of Durbauk. It 1b ono ot tho few varieties having Japanoso blood, which appears to bo woll enough adapted to Iowa conditions to merit further testing. Treo vigorous, com paratively hardy nnd rather produc tive. The fruit Is sometimes badly in jured by fruit rot. BEST WAY OF FEEDING GRIT Hens aro Boat Judges of Wlmt Tlioy Need untl Should be Allowod to Xlolp Themselves. (ny nouEivr s. quay,) A woman of wostorn PonnsylvdnlJ says that many of her young laying hens dlod last winter and she attrib utes tho troublo to mixing grit with tho fedd as sho had been told to do. Thero Is somo difference of opinion as to feeding grit. It Is truo that whon hons on a range pick up their food thoy always got with it a con siderable amount of grit, but wo doubt whether It is wlso to forco grit upon them whon In confinement. It grit Is provided In boxes, tin honB will tiBunlly uso as much as Is noceaeary for tholr health, and It up penrs to us that this Is tho natural way of taking grit, It might bo woll to mix grit with tho feed if wo know exactly how much would bo needed for tho honlth of the birds; but as they nro the host Judges ot this matter we think It much bettor to provide grit In boxos and allw them to holp thomsolvos. and it carries tho box up where It will bo out of tho way, and yet ready tc bo low'orod nt any timo. Tho board slings at tho sides ot tho box when elovatod, servo to hold tho wagon boi in place, nnd take tho weight off the ropes. Tho writer, says tho Ohio Farmer,, hns usod this devlco for many years, and has found It entirely satisfactory. QUALITY AND CONFORMATION OF TYPICAL DRAFT HORSES Ideal Animal Will Show Vigorous, Lively, Energetic Din position, Yet be Docile, Tractable and Intelligent Form Should be Broad. Deep and Evenly Proportioned. (By A. B. ALEXANDEn.) Tho typical, Ideal draft horse stands over 10 hands (5 foot 4 Inches) and under 18 hands high, and weighs 1,600 pounds or moro in ordinary flesh. Tho form should bo broad, deep. tnnsslve, ovenly proportioned, nnd symmetrical, tho ontlro make-up sug gesting great strength and weight. Tho body should bo massive, blocky, and compact, and squarely sot .on short, broad, clean, sturdy legs showing flno skin, largo Joints and prominent ten dons. Tho head should bo largo, propor tionate in slzo to tho body, well formed, clean and froo from coarse ness and Irregularities. Tho forehead should bo broad, full and not dished or too prominent. Tho profllo of tho faco should not be too straight or of "Homnn-noso" form. Thoro should bo good width nnd fullness betwean tho oyes, Indicating power nnd lntolll- Correct and Incorrect Types of Pas terns and Feet; a, Pattern Too Straight nnd Uprlflht; b, Pastern Too Sloping; c, Correct Type of Forefoot; d, Correct type of Hind Foot. Kcnco. Tho eves should 1m hrieht. clear, mild, full, sound and ot tho same color, Tho lids should be smooth, woll arched, and freo from nugularltlcs and wrinkles. The. cars Diioum no or modlum size, well placed, alort, normally active, and free from coarseness. Tho noatrlln nhntild ha largo and flexible; the Hps thin, even, ana nrm, and all of tho parts neat and clean cut. The skin and hair of the muzzle should be ot good quality. incro should bo a wldepace between tho lower Jaws froo from mnatlnena. nbscossos, or tumors. Tho nock should no ot u slzo proportionate to tho rest of tho body, well archod, evenly muscled, with larso windnlno nnd smooth insertion Into the shoulder. It should not curvo downward (ewe nock) or bo broken in crest Tho shoulder Bhould bo modomtMv sloping, smooth and extending well dock. Tho arm. which extends from th point of tho shoulder to tint nllmw. Bhould bo short, heavily muscled nnd woll thrown back. Tho forearm, ex tending from tho elbow to tho kneo, Bhould bo long, flat, wido, heavily muscled, nnd froo from coarseness. Tho knees should bo straight, wldo, deep, strongly formed, nnd smooth. Tho cnnnonB, oxtcndlng from tho knocs to tho fetlocks, nnd composed chlofly of bones and tendons, Bhould bo short, strong, clean and wldo. with nromt. nent and smooth tendons. Tho fet locks should bo wldo, Btralght, strong, and froo from puffs, callouses, or In terforlng sores. Tho nnsterns. nxtnnd. ing from tho fotlockB to tho hoof heads, should bo modorately sloping, strong and clean. Tho tendency In tho average draft horso Is toward 'Bhort, upright pastornB and stubby gait. This Is highly objoc tlonablo as aro also vorv lone, wenk pasterns, which bring tho back of tho rouocics too closo to tho ground. Tho latter cause strain unon tho tendon whon drawing hoavy loads. The short rrigiu pnsiorns aro ovon moro object tlonablo slnco thoy prevent Bprlngy, clastic notion of tho foot and allow concussion to Jar tho bony columns of tho logs. Tho irritation nnd inflam mation induced by continued Jarring a 6 c (i SHEARING SHEEP IN OLD WAY .,ln Machlno cllppors aro rapidly taking tho place of hand shours, as thoy do tho work moro quickly nnd with less laceration of the animal's skin. On tho largo sheep ranches of tho west n numbor of shcop-shonrlng tnachlnos aro run from a shaft propelled by an oloctrla motor or gasoline engine. Smallor machines aro nlso made m ii tit r often results In sldebones, rlngfeWs, corns and kindred diseases. The bene of the pastern should have a slops of about 45 degrees and the front of tho foot 50 degrees. Horse having up right pasterns and consequent stubby action wear out quickly when usod upon paved streets. Tho hoofs should be ample in size sound, Bmooth and symmetrical - in nhapo. Tho chest, Inclosing the heart. and lungs, should be roomy In every re spect. "An ample, wide, deep chest denotes vigor, power, strong constitu tion and easy keeping qualities." Tho ribs form the "barrel" and should be doep, well sprung and carried low at the flanks and close to the hips, The back, extending from the rear of the withers to tho last rib, should be broad, straight and muscular. In gen oral appearance tt should denote great strength and compactness. The loins should be Bhort, wide, deep and strong. Tho undorllno should run back full and low from the floor ot tho chest. Tho upper part ot the hind quartet should Bhow great development of wldo, thick, smooth muscle without angularities and coarseness, The croup, tho part ot tho hind quarter from top of tho hip to the Insertion ot tho tall, should show comparative lovolness, ample muscle and grent strength. Tho most notablo deficiency or this part In draft horses is excessive droop, or steepness and shortness, with weak ness of muscle. Such conformation tends to slouchlness In gait and oftea is associated with "sickle" hocks. The draft croup should be smooth, of fair length, and neither too Bteep nor pep (ectly level. The thighs from the hips dowa to the stifles should be strong, muscular, wide and long. Tho gasklns, or lower thtgtiB, corre spond to the forearms, and should havo the samo qualities; the muscles should bo large, prominent In front ot Good and Poor Form In Croup and Hips; a, Too Short and Steep; b, Good Draft Type. tho bone, and' curried well downward.. The hocks are most Important-Jomla because tho great 'strain of 'starting and hauling a load falls upon thein, and they will soon break 'down if not very strong and perfectly sound; Tho Joints should bo large, clean, sharply defined, wldo, deep and well Bet. Forage 'for Sheep. Every flock owner should1 give 'spe cial attontloh lo providing the1 best of, supplemental forage and pasture for his shoep to holp out the other pas ture and supply tho flock with a change of feed. Every sheep foeder should uwaken to his opportunities and put a stop to selling his Iambs In a poor condi tion. Tho comparatively small expena of maintaining a breeding flock and fattening wothora is distinctly at tractlvo to tho trained business mind A owo Bhowlng too much masculin ity and a ram Bhowlng too much fem ininity aro to bo avotded for such aul mala nro apt to produco progeny thai aro not uniform. ' '. Of, which can bo turned by hand and with the aid of ono ot theso, two mon can do us much work In a day as six In tho old-fashioned way. Dairy Farming In Arkansas. Dairy furmlng In Arkansas Is at tracting wldo attention nnd Is. grpVln very rapidly, iJl&M-,Ai i&Mi&MiL ,i.-t.iikifl-failj