0
(
MMBOWBROOK
T) FARM
V1 "V
lb
Sco the land beforo you buy It.
Apples should bo carefully assorted.
' CJool tho croara as soon as possible
aftor separating.
t
Prepared dips kill llco. A lousy
cow' is a hard keeper.
, Onts should bo mado a part of tho
ration of tho growing colt
' i
It is often n good plan to turn wenn
ling Jambs into tho cornfield.
i Don't glvo tho pigs n setback by n
day or two of carclgssness.
Tho comfortablo cow is usually one
that produces tho best profits.
Chango pastures often to givo the
grass a chanco to start up fresh.
'Corn sllnge Is an excellent calf feed
, when fed In moderate amounts.
.Allow no weeds to go to scod. This
will mako cultivation easier next
year.
Spring pigs can .get along very well
wUhout shelter except from rain un
til fall.
Tainted, musty or mouldy feeds
should novor bo served in tho dairy
herd'rotiouB.'
A silo should not be less than 30
feet' deep or mora than 12 or 14 feet
In diameter.
Thero is always much difficulty In
keeping cans clean and sweet In very
warm weather.
Tho hog on pasture requires 20 per
cent, less grain to make a gain-of 100
pounds in weight.
ftTbo most profltablo pork Is pro
duced by. using na largely nst possibto
uwiur icvuB muii turn,
' Rapo will stand a vast amount of
stable manuro and glvo a surprising
growth of green feed.
Tho only bog pasturo crop that
may bo sown now to furnish fall feed
4 is cowpoas or sorghum. y
When grapes are bagged nt nn early
stage thero is hardly any workdn tho
fruit lino that pays better.
.Cut out sprouts about shndo trees,
piums and apples. They only take
strength from the main plant.
If tho pig is stinted In Its food nt
' any stngo of Its life, it can never bo
como a perfect pork producer.
Gather pumpkins nnd squash beforo
a hard frost and storo away in a dry
placo (not in a damp cellar).
Tho best corn-cutting outfit for tho
averago farmer Is a portablo engine
with sllago cutter and blower attuch
mont. h
Hogs will not thrive on sour nnd
decomposed food any more than men
will. See that they get fresh, .clean
water to drink.
A shed that Is warm and poorly
ventilated will often cnuso the sheep's
wool to looson, besides injuring tho
animal's vitality.
Quality In form, disposition and gen
oral1 conformation must bo coupled
with the size nnd stylo to got tho best
in each class of horses.
Cabbage will sometimes cure slob
ber In horses caused by eating white
clover, but it is better to keep the
clover away from tho horses.
Do suro that you furnish proper
quarters for the farrowing how. You
can't afford to Iobo a single ono of the
little "squealers" this season.
In real warm weather It will pay
and pay well to round up tho young
pigs every ten days or two weeks and
give them a thorough wetting.
Tho farmors whoso corn Holds nre
most likely to suffer this senson are
thbso who quit plowing Just bocauso
thoro were no moro weeds to kill.
Every farmer knowB tho valuo of
corn as a supplement to a pasturo
. crop- lato In summer, for which pur-
poso it may bo used for cattlo as
soon as it is tasselod out and for
hogs as soon as tho ears havo reached
tho roasting stage.
It does not cost much to get a pure
bred slra when tho benoflts to bo do
rived from his usa ara considered, and
tho ownership of n good animal has
an educational valuo which is practic
ally sure to lead to a deslro to own a
good herd.
Got some puru-bicd mock.
It pays to spray intelligently.
Keep tho lamb3 growing all ths
tlmo. - '
Never mix warm cream with cold
cream.
Food corn very carcfjlly tb tho pigs
In hot weather. .
The needs of tho good dairy cow
must bo studied.
Keep fewer snoop,, better snoop and
give thorn better caro.
Dran Is good for both growing
chicks and laying hens.
It certainly pays to keep a big
quiet flock of good fowls.
Seeds nt mnplo trcos hnvo been
known to germinate In ice.
Onts nre frequently seeded with
Canada field peas for forago.
Clover and skim milk nro almost in-
dlspensnblo in tho ration of tho grow
Ing pig. .
DoardB should bo used for bleaching
early ecleryr Soil Is apt to causo it
to decay.
Artificial heat in tho hog pen Ib
not necessary. v Freedom from 'drafts
is bettor.
Evory farmer should hnvo a pleco of
rapo to turn tho sheep on ..when tho
pastures fall.
A hoe could be starved to cat al
most anything; but soldom does well
on spoiled food.
A sldo lino of dairying that helps
out is to hnvo plonty of plg3 to ent
tho skim milk.
Young chickens should not bo coop
ed on land that was occupied by chick
ens last year.
An accessible supply of pure, cold
water should nlwayB bo nvallablo for
tho dairy herd.
nltfnrnnf Irlmla nt nilllr nntnmls dif
fer greatly as to tho fat and solid con
tents of tho milk.
Rapo is commonly eown cither
broadcast or in rows about 30 Inches
apart and cultivated.
Plenty of hot water must be used in
keeping the dairy utonslls clean dur
ing the hot weather.
, ..Tho best authorities glvo tho weight
of o'nougallon of 'milk, of averago com
position, as 8.C'pound.3.
Tho silo is now a necessity, and fot
you to compoto with tho man who has
ono you must have ono, too.
Tho lovolncss with which a horn
walks is ono of tho boat evidences
that his lcgB work In harmony.
Roughago for 'cnlvc3 should first b
fed at two or threo weeks of ago
whon tho calf begins to cat grain.
Steel silos nro growing in favor, an6
seemingly do not hold tho frost any
moro or even as much ao tho comeni
ones.
Contrary to popular belief raort
chickens die from June until Sep'
tomber than In-all tho rest of tin
year."
Tho cold storage man makes bottct
prices for tho dairyman and poultry
man until tho cold storage man li
"busted."
Tho milk should bo strained through
ono thickness of clean whlto flannel
and then Bhould bo quickly cooled and
well aired.
If a ewo keeps her lamb in flno fat
condition up to tho tlmo of weaning,
bo sure she Is a good mother, and
keep her.
A silo saves labor, as with It you
can feed moro stock in much less tlmo
than by any other means and do It
much easier.
When a hog reaches 200 pounds In
weight it requires extra good caro and
an expert feeder to contlnuo to lay on
flesh nt a profit.
Somo pcoplo claim that n hog is a
scavenger by nature, but ho certainly
thrives better on clean feed and de
cent surroundings.
Weeds plowejjmdor add somo hu
mus and fertility to tho soil, though
in a very much less degree than
clover or cow peas.
Pigs, sows and fattening hogs
should bo kept in' sepnrato lnclosures.
They will be healthier and derive
more benefit from their feeds by
such handling.
Mako a creep for the little pigs in
which they can get in and cat and thej
old hogs cannot follow. Dy tho way,
do not feed the little fellows sloppy,
sour feed. Glvo them shelled corn
and watch them crack it,
Fall fairs havo already begun.. Ex
hibit your poultry at as many of them!
aB possible. You will learn much that
will benefit you In many ways. "'Ex
chango ideas with tho poultry breed
ers you meet there. Tbo poultry in
dustry has never yot been completely
mastered by any ono man.
EXCELLENT VENTILATION OF
STABLES OF ORDINARY SIZE
Most Satisfactory Syntem Is described and Illustrated Nc
Plan TlmtWlU Automatically Moot All Conditions
of Wind and Weather Tho Cause
Corrosion of Metal Frames.
SL$ A Tf
piHyynih
r
X
Plan of Stablo Showing Mothod of Ventilttlnn A, Inloto between cell
ing joists; D, Inlets on hny floor; C, Window Inloto; D, Side section of
doublo stall and exhaust fiuo; E, Dack view, samo; F, Exhaust fluo and sldo
connection; I, I, I, Location of passage Inlets.
For stables of ordinary width, the
common and most' satisfactory form
of fresh nlr Inlet Is a cash at each
stall hiugod at tho hotton, opening
Inward, but with galvanized Iron
pieces attached to tho aldos of (ho
window frame, so that tho only nlr
admitted has to tuko an upward
courso over tho top of tho sash,
wrllo3 Gcorgo F. Vo3ton In tho Coun
try Gentloninn. This prevents dlroct
drafts. A pleco of chain stapled to
tho top of tho framo, with n beheaded
wlro nail projecting from tho top of
tho sash, allows tho window tb bo
opened uny number of links. Tho free
edges of tho motnl sldo plates nro
turned upward so as to mako a stop
that prevents tho windows from fall
ing open too wide.
Thore la no system of ventilation
thnt will automatically meet nil con
ditions of wind nnd weather, which
at times will call for tho closing of
all windows to windward, and opening
of thoso on the sheltered sldo a moro
crack. In winter when tho horses
como In hot, and, In tho enso of work
horse3, ennnot bo rubbed quito dry,
it will ofton savo colds to kcop every
thing tight until they aro dry and
havo cooled off. Tho stablo shown In
tho Illustration Is nn extra wldo ono,
nnd to secure sufficient fresh nlr in
lets for tho central double row k of
horses, il mny bo necossary to mako
ducts from tho outsldo to tho open
lng3 In the celling over tho center of
each passage, about 11 by 20 Inches,
and marked I, I, I In tho plan, Thoso
can bo closed by a board, with pin
sliding on bottom of Inside Tho eas
iest way to mako these ducts Is to en
close between two colling Joists, or
If this cannot bo dorie, mako as at
B on hay floor abovo,
Tho exhaust Hues for a stablo of
this design should bo threo In num
ber, about two feot six inches by
ono foot six Inches, extending from
bottom of manger clear to tho roof.
Each ono connects with lateral fluos
bolow manger, so as to tap eight
stalls, and tho openings to each stall
should increaso In slzo as thoy leavo
tho main fluo, and bo screened with
half-inch wlro netting to kcop out
rats. All main exhaust flues in a sta
blo should also havo two or tho oppo
alto sides mado with n door Just bolow
tho colling, nnd two foet down, so that
this can bo opened up against tho
colling and take out all hot air in
summer. Frequently the hay chutes
can bo so arranged as to servo also
for exhaust flues by having a tight
fitting door at tho hay floor, which
la only opened for feeding. Thoy can
bo of galvanized iron as far up as
tho coiling of stablo, but In such a
cllmato as Canada, whero tho upper
apaco is much lower in temperature,
The location of somo diseases ot tho
horso is shown in tho illustration here
with, which Is taken from tho North
west Ilomstead;
1, Poll ovll; 2, swelling by brldlo
prcssuro; 3, Inflamed parotid gland;
4, inflamed Jugular vein; G, carles of
tho lower Jaw; 6,. fistula of parotid
duct; 7, bony excrescence; 8, fistula
of withers; 0, saddlo gall; 10, tumor
DISEASES
of
, i
should bo of wood, and It may even
pay to covor with n couplo of layors'
of heavy building iiaper.
It is well to roracmber that von
tllatlng flues only work whon their
air contents nro nt n higher temper
aturo than tho outsldo nlr. This means
that tho air Is oxpandod nnd Is of
losser weight than nn equal column of
tho colder outsldo air. Finally thoro
must bo a material dlftcrcnco In torn
peraturo, for tho stablo nlr 1b loaded
with moisturo and products of, ant
mal combustion. Thoro havo been
cases in northorn winters of tho metal
flues bolng almost entirely stopped by
condensed moisturo deposited as lea
on tho Insldo top end. Tho best re
sults nro secured from many small in
lots, Instead of tho fow larger ones,
especially as to provcntlon of Injurl
ous drafts.
Moisturo - condensed during cold
weather Is tho causo of tho corrosion
of motnl frames, and wo suggest glv
Ing them n couplo of coats of as
phaltum paint over tho interior Bur-
fnco, especially" on tho sash bars.
When of motal tho expansion of thoso
Is so much greater than of tho glass
that it Is lmposslblo to get a perfect
seal or seat botweon thoso and tho
glass, and as n result thero hnvo boon
put on tho market mnuy special forma
of metal sash to remedy tho trou
bio of-drip from condensed moisture
Under somo conditions, cypress bars
may be moro durable than Iron.
TO DESTROY
GROUND HOGS
May be Poisoned With Whoaf
Soaked In u Solution of
Stryclintno Aloo Eauy
to Trap Them.
(Dy WALTER B. LEUTZ.)
Ground hogs may bo poisoned with
wheat soaked in a splutlon of strych
nine, but thoy can easily bo trapped
at tho entrnnco of their burrows. A
hotter way Is to soak a bit of moss ot
hay with blsulphato of carbon and
placo It well down into tho burrow
covering tho entrance with t a heavy
cloth. Tho carbon being heavier than
nlr it penetrates to the bottom of the
burrow and kills tho animals In
stantly. Great caro In handling
blsulphato of carbon must bo observod
becauso it is a deadly poison and
must novor ho Inhnlod. Tho bottle
containing it should bo kept tightly
corked until tho moment it is to bq
used.
Strength of Mule.
Tho averago mulo will do as much,
work wheu two yoars old as tho horso
will at throo or four.
HI
OF HORSE LOCATED
caused by collar; 11, splint; 12, ma
lnndors; 13, a treat on tho coronet; 14,
sand crack; 16, qulttor; 16, kneo
bunch; 17, clap on back slnows; 18,
rlngbono; 10, foundorod foot; 20, ven
tral hornla; 21, rat tall; 22, spavin;
23, curb; 24, quarter crack; 25, thick
leg; 20, malandors; 27, capped hock;
28, swelled sinews; 20, grease; 30,
sand crack; 31, tumor of elbow.
DIFFICULT TO EXTERMINATE
INJURIOUS PLUM CURCULIO
Two Methods. Jarring and
Fairly Satisfactory Commercial Grower Mttst
Fight This Enemy If He Expects to Raise
Profitable Crops Each Year.
In reply to tho following q'uoryj "I
have,' green gago plum trees that nro
full of bloom nt present, but ovory
year whon thoy got about half size tho
plums gc.t wormy and fnll off. I would
llko to know if thoro Is nny way of
provontlng this," tho Wallace's Far
mer makes tho following reply:
A little black bootlo, which nt pres
ent Is. feeding on the loaves nnd blos
soms Is tho causo of wormy plums
which drop off. When tho blossoms
fall this llttlo boctlo takes round bites
out of tho green plums. It is thoso lit
tle round bites thnt causes tho lop
sided uml gnnrly plums. If tho bootlo
Is a fcinalo, it will, in addition, mako
crescent shaped cuts in tho green
plums nnd Insert eggs In theso cuts.
Theso .eggs hatch out into tho dirty
whlto Hltlo worm with which all who
eat plums, chorrlon or poachoa ara fa
miliar. Tho only way to prevent wormy
plums is to In como way kill tho
beetles beforo thoy hnvo laid tholr
oggs. This Is dimcult to do, but two
methods havo boon found which are
Plum Curcullo.
fairly satisfactory. Theso aro Jarring
and spraying.
Tho Jarring mothod ot bootlo de
struction Is based on tho fact that tho
boetlos "play possum" whon thoro is
any disturbance near thorn, Jarring 1b
commenced Just as tho blossoms nro
falling, and Is repeated evory day for
four or flvo wooks, or until no more
booties nro secured. Tho mothod is
to placo n shoot or somo olhor con
tainer undor n plum troo, and then to
strike tho trco a quick, hard blow with
a padded stick or mallet. The beetles
fall to tho ohcot and may then bo col
lected nnd destroyed. In Inrgospltnn
orchards tlmo is saved by rigging up
n shcot nrrangomont on a sort of a
wheolbnrrow, or by stretching shoots
on woodon frames, In a largo orchard
fn Georgia whore poach and plum trees
woro Jarred slxtoon tlinos In tho spring
ovor 100,000 curcullo booties wero
cnught in this way. It is cstlmntod
ERADICATE INJURIOUS WE
Couch or quack grass Is a most in
jurious weed in all kinds dt soil. Root
stocks must bo brought to tho surface
CARE OF THE
COLT IN FALL
Found Profitable to Begin Feeding
Animals a Little Grata
Doore the Pastures
llescln toDry,
(Hy T. II. WHITE.)
Young colts should not bo left out
in the pasturo until thoy begin to get
low In flesh. It is much moro profit
able' to begin f coding them a little
grain and bay along before pastures
begin to dry up, to hayo thorn in readi
ness to go on dry feed later without
any serious trouble. . -
This is too ofton neglected and
when young colts aro brought in thin
in flesh and thoy cannot bo taken
through tho winter in the condition
that they could havo boon this neglect
Is answerable
In weaning tho colt from tho mare
it should havo tho very bost of care,
as tho chango of conditions is. liable
to causo somo trouble Whllo pn tho
good summer pasturo the rnaro gavo
milk that was easily digested and in
taking colts from milk to dry food it is
nocossary that they should receive the
very best of attention. Thoy should
Spraying, Have Been Found
thnt tho destruction of theso beetles
prevented tho growth of, over 13,000,
000 wormB In tho fruit. At any rate
only about four por cent, ot tho crop
was Toimy, whtlo In surrounding or
chnrds about forty per cent, was In
jured. An easier though not quits'
such a certain way to kill tho beetles
Is by spraying with load arsenate It
tho leavos and fruit nro thoroughly
covered with this poison, tho beetles,
In securing tholr food, aro poisoned
beforo thoy lay their oggs. In brief,
tho mothod of spraying Is as follows: -
Dlesolvo load arsenate at the rate
of two pounds to fifty gallons ot wa
ter, then spray tho mlxturo on the
trcos so that they aro complotely cor
erod. The spraying should bo com
menced Just as soon as the blossoms
fall, and repcatod threo or four time
nt Intervals of eight to ten days.
Possibly this treatment sounds like
it Is moro bother than it Is worth. Pen
haps It Is for tho f armor who has but
a fow plums, chorrloB or poaches, but
tho commercial grower must fight this
onomy it ho Is to have profltablo crops
each year. Of courso In heavy bear,
ing years thero is enough fruit for
both tho curcullo and tho grower, In
such years tlfo curcullo may oven da
good by thinning out tho fruit.
DISCOVER NEW
LEGUME EFFECTS.
Experiments Made Wltlt Timothy
and Oats In Connection
With Lt'Kttme Crop
at Cornell.
It Is woll known that a leguminous,
crop, whon vigorous) and abundant, ex-,
orclRos a benoflclal Influence on the
soil nnd on succeeding crops. That a'
legumo mny bonotlt a nonlogume grow
ing with it, by causing tho nonlogume
to contain a largo quantity ot nitrogen
or protoln, acorns novor to havo been
ascertained,
Experiments havo, thoroforo, been
conducted with timothy growing wltlt
alfalfa, timothy growing with red
clover and oats growing with peas by
Profs, T. h. Lyon and G. A. Blzzell, of,
Cornell experiment Btation at Ithaca;
N, Y., to dotermlno what effects were,
produced, These show that the tim
othy and tho onts contain more pro
toln whon grown with the legumo than
when grown alone. The increased
protein contontB'ot the hay .crop thus
produced Ib a matter of considerable:
practical Importance, It Indicates,
moreover, that tho nonlogume receives
during tho growth of the" legumo a
lnrgor supply of availablo nitrogen!
thnn if grown alono. Other cenclu-1
slons drawn from the experiments arel
reportod in bulletin No, 294, which de-i
tails tho work done. j
mrnvrri wrnrti
ED
nnd destroyed. Ilape, buckwheat er
millet are good cleaning crops for late
sowing.
bo properly fod In order to prevent
nny bowol troubles. This rule will
hold good in taking young calvea
through this poriod, nnd in fact will
apply to all kinds of llvo stock, but
moro especially to tho young of the
farm which aro expected to turn in a
profit for tho farmer the next year.
Norway Spruce In Maine.
Groat Importance Is attached to th
experiment of planting Norway spruce!
in Maine. This is the first attempt of
tho kind in Nqw England, but expert
inonters boltove thnt the future sup.
ply ot tho denuded states may be re
placed in this way. i
- ?ES---MCt '
Desiccated Eggs. W-
Pennsylvania food experts declart
that cortaln forms of concentrated ol
desiccated eggs are decomposed and
unfit for human conuumption and la
somo cases produco ptomalno polsoa
Ing. ' Buying Stock.
Before you buy foundation stock
mako a close study ot tho breeds and
their adaptability nnd buy the kind
that nro adopted to your needs. Do
not buy anything that' is a sheep,
simply bcauso it la a sheep.
is
Vj