NOTES
MMDCWBROOK
f S7 FARM
Named your farm yct7
Unit (lio Recrs In ttio pasture.
Cuts nro a sourco or grnvn danger
to chicks.
l!cc-kocplng Is n profitable adjunct
to poultry raising.
Mgtit ttio woods of nil hinds nod
keep bad oiioflfrom going to soed.
It you wnnt'lo.klll woods, cultivate
or ooo thcmwHon ttio nun nlilnca hot.
Tho ':t)onr should always recolvo
wimo consideration as well as tlio
now.
An oloctrle power tlio moat con
Ycnlcnt powor for operating n power
rliurn.
Domestication plnya h vory promi
nent port upon tho prolificacy of
nnlinnls. , t
llnvo regular hours for doing tho
milking mid mlljt th.eow8 In tho
name order.
Tho mnrkot garden furnishes n
largo nmount of wnsto products which
uuy uo utilized for poultry food.
If you buy a homor that lias largo J
Y(irtfl on Kb beak you may bo nuro
thnt It Ib mora than two yonrs old,
Cream should be kept at a uniform
umperaturo and that should bo an low
as potslblo an long ns It stays on tho
farm.
Any person who can secure seed of
Mack or honey locust can readily
Krow his own troos of theso two
species,
(Jo not let the little colt follow tho
lam whllo sho Is at work. If the dam
becomes heated the milk Is Injurious
(o the colt
flemember that rape may be sown
any time In July,, ft grows very raat
it moisture la vallable and soon
makes feed.
Much depends, upon tils' selection or
tka flawed w,, DoIaotKpectvta'e beefl
type pT animal to ll the requirements
ihe AaArf. v
during the warmer months horses'
doing the ordinary 'arm work derive
inuch beaefU cmd comfort. If given a
tiRsture tot at night
The-time k here whea thought must
lie given to the concert of the cows
U (heir owners expect to sleep with no
twinge or coBBclence.
Oo not change the work horse from
grain to grass too suddenly. In fact,
tioisee on heavy work every day
should have very little grass.
Milk with clean, dry hands, never al
towltttttRfMhands to eomelH, contact
Vilh.the milk. Do not allow-dogs and
:atn to be around at milking time.
An authority nays that polntoos
Hiioiild not be planted In hills. It Is
much better to plant them In deep
furrows anu Keep the ground' level
Tho eggs laid by the pullot In tho
fltKt Vigor of her life and the eeus
laid after a reBt of tfie hen are the
eggs that produce the strongest eck
Keep the turkey heps with their
broods away rrom the old turkeys of
(he (lock as the latter are sometimes
a 1)1 1 1-fill to the young and may lujuro
mem,
Ffom early spring until August
bow a few rows of summer lettuce
every, two weeks or so, and thus try
to provide a continuous supply of good
neads.
The cost of a concrete floor can
Oft3H N saved In the amount of fer-i
ttlUer that Is kept from going to
waste. It also makes a more cant
tary stable.
Steora fed oh clover hay will not
only consume more roughage, but also
moro grain than those fed on timothy
jiaj ir grain and roughago nro fod ac
cording to appetite.
"Milk paint, properly prepared and
applied, makes about the Beat and
cheapest weather coating for wooden
(MlHmlldlngg and fences that there Is
that Is, where milk Is on hand, of
course
Thoro are other men who succeed
with sheep, and tbero are men who
want to kick a Bhuep ovary time they
see one. These last should npt bother
with sheop at all, but nearly every
taan la competent to handle some kind
of livestock If he will set himself to
It
Sheep relish tope greatly.
Glvo tho animals fresh water.
Thumps results if the yotirig pigs
get too rat
Tho harvest soason Is the most
trying of tho year.
Tho fields that ralso tho best crops
nro tho fields thnt nro woll drained.
During the torrid days tho comfort
of tho fowls must bo closoly attended
to.
It takos a protracted drought to de
velop any poisonous material In sorghum.
Through llvo stock wo market out
products at homo In the finished
product.
ft would bo bettor to give some of
your cows away than to food them
at a loss.
Keep the eggs as short a time as
pcucslble nnd at a cool temperature.
40 to 65 degrees.
All the profit of sheep husbandry
Is bound up In one thing; tho keoplng
or tho (lock In health.
A good aphis la one or 'tho worBt
cnomlea tho.orchardlat has to combat
In the young orchard.
Belling loss bay and straw, feeding
moro cows on tho farm, will help ro-
duco tho fertiliser problem.
Groat cure should bo exorcised In
nil canes In transplanting ovorgrcons
to nvold drying: of the roots.
Tomato soeds are easily preserved,
nnd if you havo extra good ones pick
out tho best and save tho seeds.
It should be remembered that sows
that aro to food largo Utters of pigs
hoiild bo well fed nnd cared for.
Tho pig that is Intended for a brood
sow should bo fod woll enough to koop
It in good condition, but not extra fat.
As good Insect powder Is so cheap
there lo no uso or excuse for allowing
old fowls to remain covered with ver
min. If you want lato colery for winter,
It should 'bo planted any time from
tho llrst of July to tho middle of
August
String beans should bo drilled in
doubto rows six Inches apart with just
nough space between to allow for
ultlvatlon.
tttittormtlk'ls one of the best known
feeds for pigs, used In moderation
and properly mixed with grain or oth
er feedstuffs, '
Tho foremost n.ethod of cultivating
alfalfa. Is with the disk harrow, one of
the moBt"excellent farm implements
ever invented.
If the skin of the herse Is kept
clean ho "will sweat moro freely,
which Is necessary to keep him In
good condition.
Too much water Is as bad as too
little, because the surplus fills up the
Intorstlcen In the boII, oxcludos tho
air and smothers tho plant,
For the largo tomato worm which
was more numerous than usual last
year, the best method Is to pick thorn
off by hand and destroy them,
Nover feed moat scraps that woro
made of rotton , moat, , 0ood, pure
rood is tno only thing that over ought
to bo fed to a fowl of any kind.
It costs monoy to havo things go
wrong on the farm or anywhere elso,
but It Is almost Inevltablo that some
thing will go wrong once In n while.
Ueforo and after tho sow farrows,
sho should bo fod vory light or the
pigs will not be able to take all the
milk, or If thoy do, they will become
sick. '
Don't forget to thoroughly ovorhaul
the binder before harvest; this Is
cheaper than to bo overhauled by &
hailstorm because you lot tho harvest
Ing drag,
Small-fruit growing and truck farm
Ing docs not mix woll with general
farming; but an applo orchard is a
profitable appendage to any dlversl
tied farm.
A gilt that Is expected to bo kopt
for a brood sow should novor bo bred
boforo sho Ib eight months old, and It
Is bettor to wait until she Is ton or
cloven months old.
It Is just as cheap to make a pound
of good butter aa It Is to raako a
pound of poor butter and when Jt
comes to soiling it, tho prices aro very
decidedly different
All we can do towards tho moult Is
to feed woll. Keep tho birds In tho
beBt condition to stand tho strain. Do
not try starving or over-fcodlng, or
extreme changes in feeding all fatul
processes.
rl(nn nil dalrv utensils hv Brut thnr.
oughly rinsing tbcm la warm water,
then clean Inside and out with a brush
or clean' cloth and hot water, and .last
ly sterilize with polling water. After
cleanlag keep utensils Inverted In
pure air and Bun If possible until
-wanted for use.,
IMPROVEMENT MADE IN MODERN
TYPE OF BABY BEEF ANIMAL
Predicted. It Will Continue to Increase in Popularity in Those
Districts Whore Farmers Do Not Wish to Dairy.
Vast Range Areas in West Have Been
Cut Up Into Smull Farms. '
A Bunch of Prize
Twcnty-llvo yoaro ngo tho popular
boof anlmnl was a mountain of meat
uud tallow. I'osturo land was cheap
and labor low in price; so tho ralsor
could afford to keep tho anlmnl until
It weighed n ton before putting It
on the markot The buyer wanted
thin kind of anlmnl, for moat was
choap and tho consumer could buy
largo cuts. Hut now factors havo
brought about a change In values. Ah
land and labor Increased In prlco tho
fnrmer found that tho longer ho kopt
an animal the more of his labor wont
In maintenance and thin lcRsonod his
profit just that much. Then ho found
thnt tho hlghor-prlced lands could not
bo URod for beef and that thoro was
moro money in rulslng com. So nlcn
who had been engaged In raising cut
tlo for market Rtartod raising corn,
and bought their Htoors from thoso
occupying cheap lands and llntshcd
thorn off themselves. Throughout tho
corn bolt tho popular stoer has ranged
for 24 to HQ months old, says thq
Homostond. Tho majority of fattenod
stoors went to market at 30 months,
weighing from 1,500 to 1,350 pounds.
Tho fnrmor prcforred to food theso
animals bocauso thoro was generally
a good demand for' them in tho mar
kot. When purchased from western
cnttlo raisers thoy were In thin con
dition, but were rugged, thrifty, had
good appotltcs, and woro In tho beat
shnpo to mnko rapid galiiB.
During tho last fow years, duo to
tho fact that tho hoop Industry has
boon encroaching on tho land In the
west, and Irrigating projects havo
tuado fruit raising successful, vast
range areas Uqvo been cut into small
farms for settlers who havo no monoy
to InveBt in cattle. Thon, loo, great
numborg of cows and young stock-are
being 'sont to markot each year, with
a consequent decreaBO In tho numbor
of brooding, animals on tlio rango. One
or mo greatest problems that con
fronts tho cattle foodcr of today Is
where to get hold of feeders,
A number or people who used to
tood cattln till 94 ni- MO mnnlLa t
. - - . v uiviiinn u l
age In tho corn bolt are attempting' to
raiso uioir own ralvca and market
thorn around 12 months of ago or be
tween tho naoa of 12
and weighing from 800 to 1.000
pounds. This Is what Is known ns
tho "baby hoof proposition, nnd It Is
n question innt is exciting moro In
terest ovory yonr among cattlo feed
ors and producers.
Dahy boor has not Iwon mnini- u.iti,
- ,'", M.
steer feeders bocmiRn nminr nn.u.
tolna formerly oxlstlng tho man on
tho rango could Dradunn li mil mnpt
chcnply than tho man In tho corn bolt
couiu uuy tnom. Tho extra land neces
Bary for maintaining brooding cows
could bo usod for corn; tho feeding
ltoriou oi mo uany beef animal lasted
rrom 0 to 9 or 12 months. hiin ti,n
of tho 24 and 30-montliB-old stoor only
iiimou irom au io 180 days, Thon, too,
groator uniformity and more Indica
tions of bettor breeding
In tho baby boof proposition In feeding
uuu uiuor cauio. uroator skill In feed
ing anu caring roc tho young animals
Is also necessary than In tlm mu nf
uio oiuor ouea wnopo appetites do not
uuvo io uo cntiirmi n -rh uiiia.
- v UlliUI UIBU
discriminated attalnat thn Vnnntfnr nnt.
iuui uocauBo tno carcass or tho oldor
nnimni usually carried a llttlo Armor
llosh than tho younc anlmnl nmi !mm
Is loss water In tho corcasB. bo that
uioy kiii out a largor per cent, or good
meat The feodor hlniBolt found that
unioss no oxorclBod groat vlgllnnco,
tho younK animals shrunk morn In hn
Ing Bhlppod to mnrkot and finally tho
consumer favored tho meat from tho
oldor animal.
If tho cnttlo feeder alma to produco
his own feeders, ho cannot afford to
BRACING CORNER FENCE POST
An excellent method for bracing
illustration and It Is self-explanatory.
Winning Feeders.
let his call os lone what is known us
calf fnt." It is well known that young
animals gain moro rapidly In propor
tion to their llvo weight and to 100
pounds of food than do older anlmuls.
Thnt Is, they hot only mndo moro
economical uso of their food than tho
older animals, but they take a shorter
time to mnko a certain total gain. Tho
man who turns off a steer thnt weighs
1,000 pounds, has, If that calf weighed
100 pounds at birth, boon given 10 per
cent, of tho total weight by the dam,
whllo tho man who keeps the animal
till It weighs 1,250 poundB has been
given only 8 por cent. Tho man who
can mnko a steer weigh 1,000, nt 12
months has moro roturn for his
Iroublo than tho man who keeps It
24 months, with an additional weight
of only 250 pounds.
Ilutchors, too, havo changed to suit
the demand of the cousumor. Al
though meat is generally considered
a luxury In tho diet of tho poor man's
family, It still remains un absolute
necessity In tho diet of tho better
elnsHcs. Hut, where peoplo formerly
ordered largo roasts and steaks, they
aro ordering steaks and roasts now
that nro from GO to 75 per cent, smnll
or on account of tho advanced prices.
Thoy find that If they got a small
roast from a largo animal that It is
"long" on bone. Tho butcher then to.
suit tho demands for smaller bono de
mands smaller animals, and during
tho last fow months thoy have been
willing to offer, not a premium on
smaller steers bo far as dollars per
100 Is concerned, but thoy havo
brought tho prlco of small stocrs up
no closo to thnt of the largo ones that
thoro is really a premium on llttlo
steers when wo consider' the cost of
production.
Wo do not think that the 1,200-
pound steer will over bo entirely
eliminated from tho market, but we
do think (ir a conjecturo is allowable)
that tho baby bcof animal will con
tinue to Increase in popularity 'in
thoso districts whore men do not wish
to dulry.
Placing the Halter.
With two fonco 'BtnplcB fasten an
old harness snap from which tho
spring has boon broken to tho left
side or tho horso Btall at a convenient
height above the manger, says n
writer In Practical Farmer, and see
that tho boys hang up tho halter
whenever tho horso la token out
When ho la brought In, his halter Is
uolthor under his feat nor In tho mnn
ger undor his feed, but Just whoro It
can bo reached most easily ifnd quick
ly. Tho point of tho. Bnnp should bo
hammered in slightly to prevent tho
horso catching tils haltor upon it or
injuring himself by rubbing.
The Delicious Sweet Pepper,
Your garden ouitht to bo well tnln-
plied with that most palatable vege
table, tho swoet znennor. Manv nen-
plo Imnglno thaj all poppera aro too
not to uo eaton with comfort, but
this is a groat mistake. Tho only
hot portions aro tho seeds, and thov
can bo removed boforo cooking.
Green poppers aro cookod in a .va
riety Of ways, nnd thoro in nn vn.
tnblo that produces moro table on-.
joyinom man inoso vcgetnnies ir a
llttlo study and caro Is glvon to their
growth and preparation for the
table.
8pray for Cabtaao Worm.
A good remody ror tho cabbngo
worm which Infests cauliflower and
cabbages Is an ounco or saltpeter dis
solved in three gallons or water. Tho
heads should bo thoroughly sprinkled
nnd .if this Is done ono application
will bo generally found sufficient.
sv corner fence post is .shown In the
41 1 ,
obocoooooexxxxcoooo
SISTERS
By VIRGINIA BJLAIR.
Vicky was younger than tfdltb, but
sho seemed oldor. She had such an
assured air, and a woman-of-tho-world
manner which efeemod to set her be
yond nil youthful folly. It wbb only
whon sho was alono with Edith that
oho showed tho child in her.
"Quo of us hns to soem grown up,"
Sho could explain to Edith, "nnd you aro
bucIi a baby that I havo to put on an
oxtromo amount of dignity."
Edith mulled. "I am not bucIi a
baby," sho said, "but you havo moro
courngo than I, Vicky; I do not bo
Hovo thnt you aro afraid of anything."
"Yes I am," Vicky admitted. "I
nm afraid of Qcorgo Miller, Edith."
Tho color flamed Into Edith's Taco.
"Why , why should you bo, Vicky?"
sho demanded.
"IIo always looks at mo as If ho
could neo through mo," Vicky con
fessed, "and I feel as If I ought to
bo In short dresops and wear my hair
in plg-tnlls.'
"Ho does not inoko me feel that
way," she said.
Vicky's short noso was up In tho
air. "Of course not no's In tovo with
you, Edith,"
"I hopo not,' Bald Edith gravely
"Why not? Vicky domanded.
"Uecnuso 1 don't lovo him,'" was the
response
"And ho loves you. Isn't that Just
tho way or It? All tho good things
como to you and you don't wnnt them,
whllo I
Edith lookod at hor In astonishment'
"Why, Vicky Oaborn," sho snld "I don't
sco why you should care .
"I don't," said Vicky bravely, "but
Gcorgo Miller is'toogoodto bo hurt"
Sho said tho same thing to the
young man thnt evening whon ho
caino out white-faced from a talk with
Edith. f
"I want you to bo happy. Georgo,"
sho snld.
"You aro a nlco llttlo thing. Vicky,"
ho told her, "nnd wo'vo always been
good chums. Hut I cannot como horo
any more."
VJcky looked nftcr him forlornly. "I
couldn't toll him tho truth," was her
thought, "that Edith cares for somo
ono else."
She found Edith In tears on the
porch. "I am not going to sympa
thize," Vicky Bcolded; "you ought to
lovo him, If you don't"
"Hut' thoro Ib Richard," Edith
faltered.
"IIo cannot hold a candle to
Oeorge," Vicky said.
"I believe you aro in lovo with hlra
yourself, Vicky."
Vicky turned on hor, her eyes blaz
ing. "Do you think I'd lovo a man
who didn't care anything for mo?"
Dut thatt night. sho cried herself to
sleep, and In the morning sho roe
oarly nnd went tor a walk through the
garden nnd down the road which led
to tho river. Her big dog, Laddie,
followed her.- -Sho .talked to him on
the pier whllo watching a fisherman
drawn In tho nets w'ltH tho morning's
catch.
"Edith hns, always had everything,"
sho said, "Sho's tho protty ono and
the popular ono. I wouldn't caro,
Laddie, If she loved George; I'd glvo
him up, but it is such n pity to have
so much devotion go to waste."
In sllenco sho watchod a boat shoot
out from tho uppor rapids Into a
fclncld pon'd.
"It's George." Vicky said', and rose,
ready for (light
Ho Bnw her and waved to hor.
"Don't you want to go for a row?" ho
askod.
Vicky consented, and with Laddie In
tho storn thoy turned down stream.
Thoro was a llttlo inn on a woodod
point Thero they had breakfast, tel
ephoning to Edith thnt they would bo
back at noon.
All thnt morning George poured tho
talc of his troubles Into Vicky's sym
pathetic ears. And Vicky listening,
saidr within hor soul: "It Isn't Edith
thnt he really loves, It's what ho
thinks Edith Is."
Yot sho durcd bring him no disillu
sion, for sho could not brenk fulth with
hor Bister.
Whon sho reached home alio found
Edith in a fovor of oxcltoment. "Rich
ard wants mo to marry him," sho snld.
"Ho has It all planned, wo ore to llvo
in his collego town and ho will finish
hlB studios aud have mo for his 'in
spiration." Nothing that Vicky could say or do
could lnfluonco Edith, nnd so it bap
enod that tho young and Irrespons
ible pnir wore married within tho
month, nnd thus Vicky wns loft alono.
Since the death of tholr father and
mother tho two girls hnd boon chap
eroned by an old aunt whoso feeble
ness made hor poor company for n
.young and eagor girl. Vicky packod
"her things and went o tho city. 8ho
took a small studio ii' nn old building
down town, nnd thero ubo palntod In
company with a half dozon other art-
iKtSi
Thoro was one man, a Russian, who
scrutinized her pictures and gave hor
valuable suggestions. "You havo
genius," bo told hor, "but your heart
Is not in It."
"I haven't any heart," said Vicky,
whimsically,
"You had ono onco," ho said shrewd
ly, "but it has gono out of your pos-.
sosslon. Who is tho man?"
. Vicky shook her head at him.
"Thoro is no man," shujmld, stoutly,
Hut that night when sho went to bed
sho had n vision of Georgo Miller.
She had not heard from him for a
long time, but tho next morning -she
wroto him a lettor. It was a pitiful llt-f
tlo docuircnt that held a cry of lone-l
llncsn. Edith, sho said, was busy with'
her now happiness oyorybody soem-
od busy with their happiness, and.
she wns trying to paint nnd bo happy,
without Edith, without ovorybody..
Wouldn't Georgo como down ns a cure
for homesickness?
He.camo and found her so thin and
white thnt ho criod: "Why, Vicky,
what la tho matter?''
"Nothing," sho declared, and fin
top of hor declaration broko down
and cried.
Ho potted her nnd went away with
a picture of her forlorn) llttlo face
blotting out tho mngo of Edith's
benuty. Ho camo down often after
that nnd ono day ho said: "I lovo'you.
Vicky, I want to tako you homo with
mo."
"It Is pity, George."
."It isn't," ho declarod Btoutly. "you
nro tho onp , woman In tho world for
mo.'
Sho tried tobcllovo him, but hor
heart whispered: "If Edith woro not
married, what thon?"
Then llko n thunderbolt camu tho
news of Rlchard'a death. Edith.
hoartbroken, wont back to tho old
home and Vicky gavo up hor Idea ot
a career and took up, onco moro, tho
life that thoy had' led together. Sho
said nothing to Edith of hor engage
ment to George.
Ono day Rho took things Into her
own hands. 1 She telephoned to George
to meet hor at tho plor, and onco
moro ho rowed her down tho river.
And thero Vicky Bot him freo.
"Dut why?" he demanded, "don't
you ,ovo mo?" i
Sho would not 'meet his oyes.
"Edith" sho faltered. "In a llttlo
tlmo sho will havo forgotten her1 Bor
row for Richard and then you "
"Do you think for a moment, Vicky."
ho demanded, "that 1 want Edith?"
"You loved hor .first," sho said.
Ho leaned forwardnhd took hor
hand. "Llttlo child," ho said, "It was
not lovo that I gavo Edith. I thought
It was, bocauso I was blinded by hor
beauty. But when bIiq threw back to
me, so lightly, tho heart that sho bad
won, when sho had no sympathy, no
feeling for tho boy sho hnd known
all her life, I was disillusioned, (t
was your sympathy, Vicky, which
made a man of me. It was your pity
that revealed to mo what you might
be as a wife. Tho love I had ror
Edith, compared to my lovo ror you. Is
as candlelight to moonlight"
And Vicky was content.
INSANITY ON THE- INCREASE
Number of Afflicted In the United
State' sumlng Alarming
portions,
Tho number of lnsano persons in
hospitals in the United States on Jan
uary 1, 1904, was not less than 160.151.
This was moro than doublo tho
numbor or 1890, .whlqh was 74,028.
Prom 1904 to 1910 the lnsano in hos
pitals In New York alono Increased
25 per cent. It Is safe to say, writes
Homer Folks In tho American Reviow
of Roviows, that tho insane now in
hospitals in tho United States number
nt least 200,000.
Tho population of Js'ovada and Wyo
ming in 1910 together Is about, equal
to tho population of tho ho-pltals for
tho Insane in tho United States. The
total annual cost of caring for tho ln
sano In tho United States is in the
neighborhood of 150,0.00,000 a year,
About ono-slxth ot tho total expendi
ture or the stato of Now York is for
tho caro of tho Insane.
Tho Now York State Charities Aid
association has outlined and Is carry
ing Into effect a movement for popular
education along scientific linos by
sound psychological methods as. to tho
causes and prevention of Insanity. Ab
ono factor In this educational move
ment n short leaflet has been prepared
stating in slmplo language the essen
tial fncts ns to the causes or insanity
so far as they aro now known.
This leaflet Is being printed by nun
dreds of thousands, and is bolng
placed in the hands of men, women,
boys and girls, through every form
of organization willing to help in dis
tributing It. It has been sont to every
physician in tho stato, to tho principal
or every public school, to all clergy
men, college presidents and faculties,
superintendents of city schools, health
offlcors, county school commissioners,
socretarioB of Y. M. O. A.'s to offlcors
of labor unions, proprietors of facto
ries, department stores, laundries, to
city officials, officers of local granges,
officers of fraternal orders; In short,
to all tho various typos of organiza
tions that are willing to promote such
nn effort for tho public good.
Coinage In Northern Nigeria.
Shells still take the place of motal
colnago in northern Nigeria. Lately
a raovomont, was sot on foot to Intro
duco a proper colnago, but as no
action naB been taken with regard to
tho demonetizing of cowries. Thoy
havo never beep legal tender In tho
strict senao of tho term, but havo boon
and continue to bo nccopted by the
government In payment of taxes, and
aro still current among tho natives,
Tho government Is striving, howovor,
to replace this unsatisfactory form ot
curroncy by Drltlsh coin. The natives
of Africa havo a vory decided pref
erence for silver coins. -
O
