CONCRETE HOUSE FOR
SHELTERING AND FEEDING
n ! infin 1 1 1 1 1 itt. ,i,'- i-'-1-J"- MtrvA'nmxjuxautaaxssiaum
e Wh Is
One of tho Most Useful Applications of Cement Is Seen In
tho Erection of Farm Buildings By
H. S. Chamberlain
By MARJORIE L. PICKTHALL
mot
FEAR JEROME'S SUCCESSOR
Charlca Seymour Whltmnn, who has boon
elected district attorney of New York to succeed
William T, Jerome, promises to be bb great a tor
ror to evildoers to real evildoers, whether they
bo frlonds or foes ns wan over district attorney,
police commlflHloncr, magistrate or other ofllcor
of tho law In Now York.
Ah city magistrate and member of tho court
or general sessions, Whitman has had a splendid
career. In that olllco lie sat for eight years to
the eminent satisfaction of everybody who cared
to look Into his conduct and to speculate on his
future, for Judge Whltmnn Is essentially a man
of the future, and few who know him hesitate In
saying that he will take full ndvnntago of the
developments that have made hlui virtually the
head of tho political life of this oily,
Whitman win enter Into ofllco with the eyes or two kinds of people turned
In his direction tho people who would like to see vice and crime promptly
nndjOfllciontly smashed, and tho people who arc nfrald that that very thing U
going to happen. It appears that to goth kinds Whitman feels that he Is per
sonally responsible, and ho will glvo a good account of himself to both.
It rauBt not bo understood that Whitman is a reformer. Ho Is not. He does
not hesitate to say openly that ho Is not. Ho Is not going to try to havo now
laws mado, but It Is not bolloved that ho will bo content uhIchb tho present
laws aro onforced. It looks to some peoplo In this city that Whitman will
rovlvo tho manners that wero In vogtio when Thoodoro Itoosovolt announced
that ho would cIoro up tho town and then proceeded to close It.
Whltmnn, howovor, docs not regularly toll the public what he Is about to
do. This was the case when ho raided tho saloons for bolng open aftor hours.
He Just raided them, nnd tho law took Its course. It easily may be Imagined
that a consldornblc number of people, law-abiding nnd otherwise, aro awaiting
with their eyes cocked for tho business that will bo dono In tho office of tho
district attorney, whon Whitman takes hold.
This embodiment of a now disturbing forco In tho llfo of Now York la 41
years old, square-Jawed, rugged, brimming over with vigor and hoalth, and
muscularly Btrong enough to tako caro of himself In any kind of a crowd.
Judge Whitman waH born at Norwich, Conn., and came to Now York If)
years ago, a lad of 22. Starting out In llfo with a pretty good education, ho
worked nt many trades beforo ho found tho lovel at which ho probably will
rest for tho remalndor of his llfo. Ho taught school, ho studied law, ho tried
practicing ns an nttornoy, and ho did pretty well at all of them.
In ono way or another ho camo Into contact with Scth Low, at this par
ticular time mayor of Now York. Mr. Low was alwayH a lover of Whitman's
stylo of man and ho wnH not long In seeing that his now acquaintance was not
only a strong character, but a shrewd, deep seeing and quick man of action.
HAWLEY IS NEW HARRIMAN
ISdwln Hnwloy ban succeeded to tho throno
of E. H. Harrlman as tho ruler of tho railroads of
tho United States. Within tho Inst few days thoro
has boon a change of alignment of tho greatest
flnnnclal poworH In Wall Btroot nnd thoy havo
profforcd to Hawloy tho backing of their millions,
which wore tho ossonco of tho Hnrrlmnn power,
nnd which, likewise, mnkes Hawloy tho dominant
flguro In tho American railroad world. This shift
of tho balnnco of money power to tho support of
Hnwley marks tho most Important or several
changes In tho railroad situation that have boon
brought about by the passing of Harrlman.
Another chango of scarcoly Icbb Interest dur
ing tho last few days hus been tho appearance of
a well-doflnod plan to eliminate. Harrlman infill-
onco from tho management of railroads outuldo
hlB own syBtom, Into which Hnrrlmnn forced hlmsolf during his lifetime.
Briefly, tho occurrences of tho last few days monn that Edwin Hnwley,
by virtuo of tho backing conferred upon him by tho, greatest monoy dynnsty
In America, becomes tho now rnllrond lender; that with tho millions to which
he Is tliUB glvon nccoss ho can acquire, build up nnd dominate a vast railroad
nystom throughout tho country that probably will ovorshadow oven tho Har
rlman system; that Harrlmnn's porsonnl power, which onnblcd him to compel
ndmlsslon to tho councils of othor rnllrond systems, died with him and Is no
longor tho formidable weapon It was as long ns ho lived.
Ono of tho mnnircstntlons of Hnwloy's accession to railroad rulcrshlp wns
his acquisition of tho Hock Islnnd and tho MUnourl, Kansas & Textu, with
Its 3,000 miles of indopondont trackago and Its great strategic vnlun v.s tho
last of tho so-called north nnd south lines to tho Qulf. This, with his othor
holdings, gives Hnwloy tho control or nonrly 10,000 mlleB of railroads, form
ing a chain from tho Atlantic seaboard ns far west as St. Ixnils and Kansns
City. Thoso who aro closest to Hawloy bellcvo that tho "Katy" Is only ono of
BOTornl roads which will bo brought Into tho Hawloy system In tho near future.
Hawloy nnd tho Goulds, with whom ho Is closoly associated, now control
n comploto transcontinental railroad system, or will whon tho Wcsturn Pacific
Is oponod to Snu Francisco In n fow weeks.
SHE BECOMES CO-ED AT 78
ffw
Mrs. A. D. Wlnshlp or Racing, Win., who Is
78 years old, Is studying hard oury day at tho
Ohio Stato university, In Columbus, and by her
dlligonco puts many youths and young women
to Bhnmo. Sho recently entered thu college ns a
freshman.
Mrs. Wlnshlp had been coming to Columbus
two summers, taking a brier course In tho summer
school, largely n review of tho common branches.
This year, however, Bho ducldcd to tako a
college course.
"I am not going to leave tho college till I am
80 yenrs old," she snld. "I feel as" young as a girl,
and why should I not comploto my education?
In my girlhood wo did not havo tho advnntngo
Hint girls havo now, though I had some education
evon In thoso days. But learning is more ad
vanced now and I wnnt to got uomo of It. Of courno, I havo read u good deal,
but I wanted mora of tho rudiments.
"Whon I am called honco and go to tho next world 1 don't wnnt to bo
placed In tho A, II, C class.
"I am going to specialize on psychology and literature"
Mrs. Wlnshlp Is n sister of Trumnn Wright, who was grontly Interested
In education and who gavo n eollogo to tho city or ltnclno. Sho is in robust
health nnd declares sbo is not n faddist, but n truo sookcr nfter knowledge.
ADMIRAL PRAISES AIRSHIPS
Hoar Admlrnl Colby M. Chester, U. S. N., who
wns ono or tho commissioners thnt recently passed
on tho claims of Commander Peary in tho north
polo controversy, belloves thnt tho airship In
destined to becomo one of tho most powerful war
machines tho world has over known,
Admlrnl Chester doclaros this country should
havo n largo floot of aeroplanes which Bhould
bo used largely as aerial scouts. Ho, soys tho
aoroplano Bhould bo tho oyo of tho navy, that it
should bo In tho ulr what tho submarine la In tho
wator.
Carrying explosives of groat powor, Admiral
Chester believes theso swiftly soaring raachlnas
could dash over a hostilo fleet of battleships and
cruisers nnd blow them to pieces.
DocnuBQ of tholr small size and light weight,
flighting aeroplanes could easily bo carried on tho warships in time of war,
ho says, Ulslng to a height of sovoral hundred foot, theso aeroplanes could
scout' over tho sea for hundreds of miles la every direction, giving warning of
tho approach of the enemy.
One of the most useful applications
of Portland cement In fnrm economy
Is seen in tho construction of build
ings for tho sholterlng nnd folding of
swine. It wns tho good fortune of tho
writer severnl summers ngo to aid In
tho planning nnd construction of such
a structure on tho farm of U. F.
Stoncr in Stark county, O. As con
crete played an important part in tho
erection of this building, it may pos
sibly bo of Interest to know how tlhs
particular hog houso was built.
Tho ground plan dimensions aro 10
x20 feet. Tho foundations aro mndo
of two layers or tiers of heavy build
ing tile sot on top of ilnely crushed
Htoucs, filling a trench about 2.G feet
deep. This depth of foundation prac
tically provents any upheaval from
frost In tho winter, writes H. S. Cham
berlain In Farmer's Review. Tho
Bpaco between theso foundation walls
wns filled up, even with tho top of
the first tier of tho wall tiles, with cob
ble stones picked up in tho fields.
convenient feature of tho concrete
portion of this hog building Ib tho con
crete feeding trough which Is an In
tegral part of tho iloor. Four foot
rrom tho front wall Is this concroto
trough. A tomporary mold was con
structed from Inch boards. Only tho
outside form was used In making tho
trough; tho Interior was shaped by
means of trowol and finishing tools
without tho aid of retaining walls.
Tho lnsldo and outside of the trough
Is coated with a 1 and 1 mixture of
coment nnd sand to rondor It Impor
vious to water and thus bar leakage
of fluids poured Into it.
At tho middle portion of this trough
Is a partition, built In during tho proc
ess of construtlon, for tho purpose of
mnklng two receptacles In one.
Tho frame work of this building for
swine Is made or GxG Inch sills with
.1x1 Inch corner uprights 10 root high.
Tho rest or tho frnmowork 1b filled In
with 2x1 Inch studding nnd rafters of
the same size- timber. Tho material
used in tho frame is oak and mnplo.
1 r;..
I in mn ii . , i
tear Vew
"jSj !m. Saimainy oao above
fft. vL tooufi shown g ecAJ
of tough v?B??K. .
Ccncree foar on colrbeiant fcundafan
A Convenient Hog Houce.
Theso stones wore tamped Into place,
by means of a heavy block of wood,
In preparation for tho application of
tho first layer of concrete. Tho con
croto mlxturo comprised one part of
coment, two pnrtu sand and thrco
parts gravel well Incorporated by first
mixing In tho dry Btnto and after
words thoroughly remixing with tho
right nmount of wnter to mako It
sprond well in laying tho lloor. In or
der to Insure proper drnlnago to tho
floor, the concroto was laid six Inches
deop nt tho front to a depth or four
Inches at tho rear, thus making u
slope of two Inches to tho Iloor In n
dlstnnco of 1G feet. On tho top or this
first layer or concrete was placed n
half Inch surfacing of a 1 and 1 mix
ing or comout and coarse snnd. This
gavo a hnrdor and firmer surfneo than
It tho first deposit or concrcto had
been left exposed to uso as a floor
surface.
J Howovor, tho most Interesting nnd
Tho siding Is plno laid on In ship lap.
In tho Interior aro two wooden par
titions dividing tho floor space Into
three parts tor convcnlenco In reed
ing nnd rearing pigs or dirrorent ages.
At tho front portion of tho Interior
is a four-foot wide gangway from
which tho anhnnls aro fed. Just
above tho trough aro susponded two
gates from tho Joists ovorhead. Theso
aro arranged so ns to swing forward
and bnck over tho trough to facili
tate reeding. When tho pigs aro to
bo red the gates aro freed by moans
pf a latch and aro swung Inward, thus
placing tho trough In tho entry so
that It may bo cloancd out and tho
food placed In It without loss of tem
per nnd patience on tho part of tho
farmor. Whon tho feed Is put Into
tho retainer, tho gate is swung back
towards tho entry room and tho hun
gry animals then havo a chanco to
got In plnco by a vertically acting
slide bolt.
WHERE OX TEAM STILL COMMON
Tho uso of oxen In logging opera
tions In tho great forests of plno nnd
hardwoods In Arkansas and other
parts of tho south Is almost as com
mon to-day as In tho curlier period of
tho lumber industry before tho intro
duction of train roads and modern
machinery for skidding and loading
tho cut tlmbor.
Some of tho larger lumber manufac
turing concerns In Arkansas have
three or four hundred head of oxen
constantly cmployod In handling tho
logs from tho Interior of tho forests
to tho loading plncos. It Is found that
these patlont animals aro much mora
servlcenblo than mules or horses for
this particular purpose. What thoy
lack In quickness of inovomont thoy
moro than mako up In othor respocts
Another ndvantngo In using oxen In
logging operations Is thnt In tho for
est regions or tho south the nntlvcs
arc used to hnndllng them nnd profor
them to horsos or mules. Tho nnl
nnls rcqulro llttlo caro and attention
They will stand an enormous amount
of hard work, nnd, by doubling team?
great loads of logs may bo hauled up
on a wagon.
Tho ox drivers In tho Arknnsns for
ests are typical natives who possess
many Interesting characteristics. In
most casos thoy nro young men. It li
said that a good ox driver has tin
making of a good logging man. It Ii
tho first step In nn Industry that re
quires tho oxorclso or much skill am
courago.
Fertility of Swamp Lands.
Swamp Innds havo often proved ur
ravorablo for ngriculturo, oven who
woll drained nnd fertilized. From th
Investigations into tho subject in tl
extensive swamps of tho Unite
States A. Dachnowskl concludos tin
tho loss of fortuity Is duo, at least i
part, to tho prcsonco In bog wnt
of substances poisonous to plant
Thoy Ecom to bo produced by Impe
feet oxidation and decomposition
proteins nnd related bodies nnd it
po8stblo that In respiration bog plan
may dffor from othors. After t
lnnd hns been exposed to tho nir f
n time tho fertility is restored by c
ldntlon of tho harmful products,
Keeplnn Apples In Winter.
Apples havo been found to ko
hotter If woll colored and ripen
though not overripe. Plqklng shon
not be delayed till tho fruit coi
monccs to fall.
(Copyttght, by Short Htorloa Co., Lid.)
There wero threo men, five ponies,
and a nondescript dog with a bushy
tall. For days they had been observed
of tho hawk and tho eagle, trailing pa
tiently over tho shoulders of tho hills,
ns llttlo spiders might crawl up a
man's coatslcove. Twice or thrlco tho
winds had been minded to brush the
tolling insects nway, but had thought
better of It; they were so very Insig
nificant, these little black specks up
on tho edgos or the snows.
At last the threo men nnd tho ponies
nnd the taciturn dog climbed up above
the clouds, nnd came out upon a baro
tlnnk or mountain, upon n loug slope
or sort crumbled rock ending In a
thirty-foot wldo ledge nnd a clear
drop or nearly eight hundred foot.
"Well, airs," sold Macavoy, tho tall,
brown man with tho block beard, own
er or Taya the dog. "Well, sirs, I've
brought you hero safo. Now you havu
but to scratch 1' tho ground, for the
wholo race o' the hill's riddled wl'
veins and pockots or gold. I'vo done
my part. So to-morrow, by your
lonve, Taya and I'll be goln' our ways."
"Stay with us," cordially entreated
Dalsworth, artist, Journalist, and wan
derer to tho ends or tho earth, "stny
with us, and work on shares. When
you led us to this placo you fairly
laid fortune in our hands."
"And was paid for so doln'," an
Bwered Macavoy with his slow smile,
"paid lloerally, accordln' to our agree
ment. I'm but tho guldo. Twlco or
thrlco I reared I was astray, ror It's
thrco years since I wns here. No, I'll
not stay, tbankln' you nono tho less.
We'll bo goln' our ways, mo and Taya.
Eh, old lass?"
The dog laid her head on tho man's
knee, and curled her Hps back expect
antly. "H you don't mind," said young
Urquhnrt abruptly, "I'll call that dog
Monna Lisa. She has tho samo bony
forehead and superior smirk. Oh, I
know It's heresy, Dal, but don't you
seo tho likeness? You could esteem
Monnn Lisa, but you could never love
her. Give me a dog, likewise a wom
an, that you can chuck under tho
chin."
Macavoy looked rrom one to tho
other, a puzzled croaso on his wenth
crbeaten forehead. "Taya has woir
blood In her," ho ventured; "maybe
that's why she's different from oth
ers." "To go back to what wo wore speak
ing or, when Urquhart cut In," said
Dalsworth, "why won't you stay? Oh,
our agreement doesn't mattor. Chto
In with us. Whon you came away
Trom this placo before, you throw
asldo a fortune. Don't let It go a sec
ond time."
"I thank you very kindly," said
Macavoy with no hesitation, "but I'll
bo goln In a day or so. I mean no
offense to you who think different,
but to me, a shadow and a sorrow
would go with thte gold. Yes, I've
been here before. That's why I'll not
stay hore now;"
"You hinted of spooks before." said
Dalsworth with a friendly Impatience,
"but Buroly you weron't in earnest?
Go on with the story."
Macavoy bent his head, and absent
ly flngored Taya'a upstanding cars. "I
know no Btory," he said In a low
voice: "tho story lies In what I do
not know, and can but guess at In
all that I shall novor know for suro.
U Taya hero could speak, she'd toll
you moro than I can. Dogs at tlmos
can hear and see moro than men, and
she's a wolfs eyes and ears. I'd a
rrlend onco, a Frenchmnn, who said
that a woir could hear tho very foot
falls o' tho Angel of Death. You'll
mind that, when I told you o' this
place, I said thoro was n shadow over
it? I can but toll you what that
shadow may bo.
"I'vo thought much on the mnttor,
fitting In fact with fancy, till at length
nnd at last, I'vo got a story that'll
serve. It may bo far from the truth.
Hut there's nnught left to verify It,
save tho rusty pick you saw, Mister
Urquhart. lyln' In that llttlo hole In
the hillside.
"Yes, I'vo thought so long on It, thnt
at last It's come to seem as If I'd
seen It all seen tho hill when there
was no llttlo holo there, seen him
who owns tho pick."
"Him?" said Dalsworth, "him? Who?
A hermit In the wilderness?"
"Tho Slwnshcs have a name for
him," said Macavoy In a very low
voice, "whch wo con best translato
as Ho-Who-Is-Not."
"He-Who-Is-Not?" asked Dalsworth
again with n rising Inflection on tho
words,
"Yos," said Macavoy simply, "for
you see, sirs, he's been dead now
mattor o' threo years, 1 tako It.
Macavoy dropped his hands heavily
in his knees. "God rest his soul," ho
mid sortly, "God rest his soul, as the
rlsh say, whoovor ho was. For. O
drs, when ho loft Tsalekulhyo like a
right cloud behind him, and lifted his
aco to tho stars, he was a doomsd
nan! He thought that Fortune stood
valtln' him on the top o' tho moun
alns, but when Fortuno took her
Ings from before her fnco, sho looked
it hlra with the eyes o' Death."
Dalsworth drew In his breath shorn
y, and glanced at the wondorrul world
r peak and slope, or cloud and Infln
to sky, which encircled their tli.y
amp. Night seemed to havo settled,
i visible brooding prosenco, upon the
everlasting, hills.
"I can see him him that's called
by tho Slwashea Hc-Who-Ia-Not I
can seo him, whatcvor his namo may
hao been, coming upon Just this
place, ns wo have arter him. Perhaps
ho greeted wl' Joy, or maybo ho
prayed, or maybo ho swore. TIs all
one now, Ho began his boy's plckln'
nnd scrnpln' among tho rocks, and
mado his untidy camp on this ledgo.
Haven't yo seen many and moro o"
such slovenly, pitiful, tenderfoot
camp3?
"Ho scraped nnd scratched among
tho rocks, his heart fair burstln' wl
Joy, maybe, two, three, oven four
days. Yo con tell by the slzo o' tho
holo, though It's part filled up now
through tho wash o' tho weather.
And then ono night ho flung his pick
down, maybe, nnd went nnd stood onj
tho brink ' this very ledge, looklu'
out upon the hills, before ho got his
supper.
"Perhaps 'twas Just such a night as
this, with a round moon rldln' cloar,
nnd tho chasm all one white flat sea
o' cloud. Perhaps, na ho stood there,
stretchln' his stlfT nrms proudly, astono
caught him botween tho shoulders, a
stono thrown from tho hand o' that
wolf-shadow that had followed him
nnd whirled him outwards from tho
ledge, as tho storm whirls a bird rrom
Its cliff-nest. I seem to neo that black
whlrlln' shnpo rushln' down, down,
down a vast sprawlln' shadow out
spread upon tho floor of cloud bo
nonth. I seem to soo tho shape and
Its shadow rushln' together, growln'
smaller, becomln' ono; and no moro
For that chasm, sirs, would tako thd
wholo tragedy, wl' llttlo but a falnl
stir 1' that green fur o' plnc3, so far
below."
Urquhart looked out at the chasm,
a pot of silently bubbling pearl be
neath the moon, and shuddered." Taya
whined again. "God rest his soul,"
said Dalsworth softly.
"Hut does It rest?" whispered Mac
avoy. His eyes glittered strangely In
tho red glow or tho flro. "Does It
rest?
"1 cannot see that wolf-shadow who
followed him, whose hnnd sent him In
to eternity, very clear. But I do know
that the Slwash got no payment for
his crlmo. Ho never stayed to tako
any.
"When I camo upon this placo near
ly threo years ngone, I found tho
wreck or a llttlo tent on this very
ledge. No, not hero. Mister Urohart,
at i' other end whero yon big rock
slopes down. It wns battered by a
winter's weather, but by the snow, yo
understand. I read tho signs or It.
It had n tenderfoot for owner, by tho
truck In It. Such truck yo novor see,
chiefly In bottles. I mind there was
chlorodyno, nmmonlnted quinine, plain
ammonln, and whisky gqpd whisky.
Aye, I had the bottles to my noso, nnd
besides there wore tho labels. But
they wero all empty, and flung about
In a muddle o' rotted blanket. Taya
had 'em to her nose, and growled,
roadln' moro thnn I. "Slwash, old
lass?' I says to her, and she growls
ngaln. Some unclean thing hnd nost
ed In that tent, drunk all them mixed
liquors, and then gone, as ir In fright,
touchln' no more not even some blta
o' gold In a little brown canvas bag.
"There was that about the matter
that weighed upon me so that I sent
nil tho tent and overy'.hln' in it over
tho rocks there. I'd seen tho pick
on tho hillside, and by this and that
I'd road tho story plain. We'd llvod
among clennor, kinder things, mo nnd
Taya, and we'd no mind to meddle wl
gold which had that shadow on It.
'Wo'U make enough out or It by
tellln other folks.' I says to Tnya,
'we'll havo no finger In this pie, old
Inss. 'Tls cursed from tho boglnnln'
"Tho mornln" camo up clear bo
hind Tsalekulhyo, and Taya and I
went our ways. Wo carried tho se
cret o' tho gold with us and moro
than that, more than that. I had
heard. Taya, maybe, had both soon
and beard, for she looked at mo wl
her yellow eyes and tried to tell mo
what Bho knew. Aye, as tho gold had
drawn thnt poor fool, llvln', so It drew
him, dead."
Ho panted, and again one or tho
restless ponies whickered in tho sli
loncc.
"Do you mean that Hc-Who-Is-No
'wnlks?'" asked Dalsworth at last,
bluntly.
Macavoy nodded slowly. "I havo
not seen, ye understand," ho an
swered. "I only hear. But I knowj
that He-Who-Is-Not finds no rest."
"Poor fool," said Urquhart softly,
"poor young fool. You're sorry for
him, eh, Monna Lisa?"
Tho dog looked across tho flro tq
tho black slope above whero tho stars,
hung In splendor nbovo tho last ralnt
crest or snow. Urquhart followed her
gaze, huddling deeper Into his blanket,
But but I don't see" began Dais
worth nrguraentatlvoly.
"Thou Uston," said Macavoy, "Hsti
en."
Dalsworth listened. And an odd ox.
presBlon dawned In his eyes, and ex
pression hair-pltlful, half-Incredulous,
wholly wondering. Softly, he took off
his cap, as ono takes It off In tha
prosenco of tho doad.
What was tho faint ghost of sound,
thin, distant, yet not to be mistaken,
that enmo to his cars? Was It tho
"tchlnk, tchlnk" or a miner's pick up
on loose stones?
. . , . , .... wy&7Z7FKIl