THE STORY THE
DIVORCE COURT
RECORDS TELL
Facts That Indicate Why It Is That
Americans Are Earning Distinction
for Being the Greatest Nation o
Home-Breakers and Home-Makers
in the World.
xl ATKVEll o 1 B o
America mny bo do
ing, It la not dying.
Wherever tho ten
dency toward mar
riage nlmoHt gives
promlso of robbing
tho cradle to 1111 the
cradle, there does
vitally abound. Nor
can red corpuscles bo said to be lack
ing In the blood of thoso who nftcr
marrlago want to rid themselves of
tho obligations that they assumed at
tho altar.
Such nro the conditions that tho
census bureau, after a four years' In
vestigation, has found In America.
Only Hungary leads tho United States
In tho percentage of marriages to
marriageable population. Hut, on tho
other hand, no country oven approach
es America In Us tendency to burst
Into tho dlvorco court and smnsh tho
domestic relation over tho Judge's
bench. Japan was outdoing us In
1898, when tho last Japanese census
was taken, but since then tho mikado,
tho elder statesmen, nnd n fow others
havo promulgated somo now dlvorco
laws that have somcwhnt strangled
tho Jnpnneso desire to omulato tho
household manners of their big neigh
bors across tho Pacific.
Yet tho Japanese at their worst
probably never npproached Americans
In tholr tendency toward tho dlvorco
courts. Before a Japanese became In
n mood whero ho could do much
fighting ho cut tho domestic ribbons
nnd set himself free for dlvorco In
his country was easy. Hut In this
country, whore, relatively, a dlvorco
Is difficult to obtain, tho report of the
census bureau not only shows an
enormous amount of cruelty and a
groat lncreaso of cruelty, but It shows
UHDm XOO lOO TO 200
00
Average Annual Number of Divorces
I wsss
States and Territories
that women nro Increasing in cruelty
more rapidly than men. Indeed, It Is
nn astounding fact thnt tho cruelty
of women townrd their husbands
showed a grcnter lncreaso during tho
20-yenr period ended in 190G thnn any
other causo for divorce, tho gain be
ing 1,009 per cent.
Marriage and Divorce.
Perhnps tho strangest featuro of
tho report Is tho fact that it bIiowh
an unparalleled marrlago ratio side
by sldo with an unparalleled dlvorco
ratio. Out In Indian Territory tho
preachers must nlmost hnvo to fight
them oft tho would-bo wedded or go
short of sleep. In matrimony Indian
Territory lends tho world. Even
Hungary, with Its ratio of 45G mar
riages every year to ench 10,000 of
marringeablo population, Is mudo to
look liko qulto n cold nnd clammy
community. Indian Territory's rntlo
is 555. Tho rntlo of tho United States
Is only 35G.
If Arkansas hnd hold nnother coun
ty fair in 190G probably it would havo
beaten Indlnn Territory nt that. Ar
kansas, witli a ratio of G54, came Just
ono short of tying tho lender.
Texan, Florida, Oklahoma, Missis
sippi, Alabama, Utah and Georgia fol
low in tho order unmcd, and tho ratio
of Georgia Is 422. Even In Nevada
tho tendency toward marrlago is
greater than tho average tendency of
tho United States. Nevada's ratio is
389. In fict, ono has to go down tho
list to Kansas, tho fifteenth in lino,
before ho gets to n stato, tho peoplo
of which exhibit what might bo called
normal matrimonial proclivities. Kan
sas, with a ratio of 358, is ono abovo
tho avorago for tho country.
Turning to what might ho called
subnormal communities, the people of
Connecticut, with a rntlo of 232, aro
really at tho bottom of tho list. Cali
fornia is in last placo In tho statistics,
but Callfornlnns aro actually not as
frigid as they are tabulated. Tho fire
that followod tho groat California
earthquake destroyed so many roc-
ords that nobody knows exactly what
1b going on In tho marrlago and dl
vorco circles of tho Golden state. Hut
Connecticut Is preceded, In tho order
named, by Delaware, Montana, Massa
chusetts, Wyoming, Hhodo Island nnd
Pennsylvania. Pennsylvania, though
It contains tho "City of Homes," has
n rntlo of only 255, whilo Now York
stands only 2G9. In other words, a
resident of Indian Territory Is nlmost
twlco as likely to marry, provided he
tins not already done so, as if he lived
In Now York.
In South Central States.
Not only that, tho tendency to
marry seems to flourish In certain
groups of states and to wilno In cor
tain other groups. Tho south central
states lead the list with a ratio of
43G; tho south Atlantic with 350 como
next, while tho north central, tho
western, nnd tho north Atlantic
groups follow In tho order named.
From all of which It appears that
while ono may go west for wealth, ho
should go south If he is having dlfll
culty in finding a matrimonial mato
whero ho is.
Yet, exceeding, as we do, tho mar
riage ratios of all tho world except
Hungary, wo nro barely holding our
own. Our ratio for the ten-year period
ending In 1005 wns 357. Our ratio for
tho ten-year period ending In 1895
was 35G.
Hut If tho tendency toward mar
riage shows signs of having rcachod
its maximum, no such indication is
apparent with regard to divorce. In
that Hold we are bounding nlong, not
only at prodigious speed, but at a ter
rifically increasing pneo. The mail'
nor in which our population Increases
is tho wonder of tho world, but It Is
dvnrfed by tho increase of our ten
dency to break the homes wo hnvo
TO 300 SOO
to -ioo -too amd ana
Per 100,000 Married
Population for
1900.
mndo. In 18G7, there wero granted In
this country 9.937 dlvorcoa; In 190G,
72,002. Populntlon lncrensed nbout
110 per cent.; dlvorco lncrensed more
thnn 700 per cent. Furthormoro, the
IncreuHo between 1890 nnd 1900 was
greater than that of any other deendo
slneo 1870. Tho lncreaso of dlvorco
exceeded tho lncrenso of populntlon
more than 300 per cent.
Putting it in still nnother wny, in
1S70 28 divorces wero granted to
ovory 100,000 of populntlon; in 1900,
73 divorces wero granted to every
100,000 of population.
Figures for Divorces.
Only onco during tho last 10 years
has tho number of divorces actually
shown a decrease. That was In 1884,
when thoro wns a decline of 204 over
tho number granted during tho pro
ceding year. In 1870, 1891 and 1902
thoro wna a decline In the rate, though
nn lncronse In tho number. Doubtless
there wns also a decllno In 1908,
though tho figures have not been com
piled. Tho reason for belioving thoro
wns a decline last year Is that thero
was a panic In 1907. Panics invnrl
ably check tlio tendency toward In
creased divorce. When times aro
hard peoplo forgot tholr domostlc
troublos for a tlmo nnd occupy their
minds with tho problem of how to got
n living. As soon as times improve
tho rate usually bounds upward with
a rapidity that indicates thnt nothing
has been forgotten or forgiven or
nothing learned. Accumulated griev
ances aro worked off In tho dlvorco
court, nnd the tldo sweeps on more
rapidly than before.
Whero In the United States would
ono naturally expect to find tho great
est tendency toward dlvorco? In what
stato? Not one person In n hundrod
could guess right If ho wero given a
dozen chnnces.
Washington la tho state. Far from
tho stress of modern Industrial llfo;
awny across tho country whore tho
pooplo, for tho most part, aro engaged
In agricultural pursuits there
613
cmil'le:, are annually divorced to every
100,000 of married populntlou. Tho
rate for tho whole country Is 200.
Washington Is followed In the order
named, by Montann, Colorado, Arkan
sas, Texas, Oregon nnd Wyoming.
Wyoming has nn exceedingly low mnr
rlngo into and a very high dlvprco
rate.' In this respect It Is unique. Hut
In general It wlirimve been observed
that while ono 1b most likely to bo
mnrrlcd if ho live in the south, lie Is
most likely to bo divorced If ho llvo
In the west.
New York's Low Record,
New York's dlvorco rate, as might
naturally bo cxpectod, Is low. Now
York stnnds forty-seventh In tho list
of GO states nnd territories, with n
ratio of GO. New Jersoy's ratio Is tho
same. Connecticut Is thirty-ninth,
with n rntlo of 130, while in Pennsyl
vania 100,000 mnrrlcd eouplos nro re
quired to produce 94 divorces In a
year.
Coming down to cnuBos, wo find
that most men who obtain divorces
assign as their grlevnnco the deser
tion of their wives, nnd that most
women give tho Bnmo renson. It nlso
appears that women nro more likely
to desert thnn men. Of tho divorces
granted to men -19.4 per cent, were for
desertion. Tho divorces granted to
women because of tho desertion of
their husbands amounted to 33.1? per
cent, of tho whole number of divorces
that were granted to women.
Cruelty comes second as n causo
19O6
19 oS
tgo
19 03
1902
1901
1QOO
1099
1S97
189s
1895
1694
1093
1892
1091
J&90
1889
iasB
1686
'1B65
'IBB
1893
1882
1881
1&80
and, as In the preceding cause, it ap
plies heavily both to men nnd women.
Of the divorces granted to men 10.5
per cent, wero for the cruelty of their
wives. Of tho divorces granted to
women 27.5 per cent, wero for tho
eruolty of tholr husbands.
In tho enso of botli men nnd women
infidelity is tho third cauBo In relutlvo
Importance. On tho baro faco of tho
census figures It would appear that
women nro more likely to be untruo
to their husbandB than men nro to ho
untruo to their wives, slnco bnly ton
per cent, of tho dlvorcoa granted to
women wero for tho Infidelity of their
husbands, whilo 28.7 per cent, of tho
divorces granted to men wore for tho
Infidelity of their wives. Hut, of
course, It Is not true Hint women sin
more than men In this respect. What
Is true Is Hint women who thus err
are moro frequently found out nnd
less frequently forgiven. And n poor
old census bureau Is not, of course,
expected to tabulate such u fnct us
this, because tho figures to sustain the
fnct ennnot be obtained.
Laid to Drunkenness.
Drunkenness cornea forward as the
fourth causo, but It conies forward
shaky in its legs and cmnclntcd in
form. Only 3.G per cent, of nil tho di
vorces nro granted because of habits
formed around hot staves In tho bar
room, and ns between tho scxea moat
of tho blame, of course, goes to tho
men. Only 1.1 per cent, of the di
vorces granted to men wore for tho
drunkenness of their wives, while 5.3
per cent, of tho divorces granted to
women wero for tho drunkenness of
their husbands.
In relative Importance, neglect to
provide In the fifth cause, this reason
having boon assigned In 3.7 por cent,
of tho divorces granted. In nlleglng
tills grlevnnco women would hnvo
had n monopoly hnd It not been for
six gentlemen In Utah who wero
actually granted divorces because
C--JS A' Pf? iV.V -
ten
ITO1BWI
IXESKHM
c3GG VZ-r
their whes did not provide thorn with
the ncce8snry clothing, shelter nnd
nourishment.
Combinations of tho flvo preceding
causes wero responsible for 9.1 por
cent, of the divorces, and other grlev
nnces, not hero enumerated, caused
tho other G.l per cont,
Somo interesting facts wero also
dlBcovored with regard to tho rolatlvo
speeds at which tho various causes
for dlvorco aro Increasing.
In tho case of women cruelty heads
tho list with an Increase In 40 years
of 1.G09.8 per cont. In the cuso of mon
cruelty shows nn lncreaso of 959.8 por
cont. Cruolty, In fact, holds first placo
among incroasod causes In both soxos
with a climb of 1.035.3 por cont. Hut
' on the whole, uogloct to provide takos
n iiMn noon W(W .inooo f.ooO jj
first place as nn increased cause with
n Jump of 1.331.4 per cent, which,
barring the Utah gentlemen, goes en
tirely to wonion.
Drunkenness comes second as nn In
creased cause, with a general lncreaso
of G85.2 per cent. Tho drunkenness
of huBbnnds increased G99.9 per cent.;
tho drunkenness of wives G54.6 per
cent.
Desertion ranks third as an In
creased cause, with an lncronso of
GG9.8 per cent., while Inihlollty has In
creased tho least of all only 270.8
per cent.
Here, ngnln, tho census figures piny
tricks. Infidelity among women 1b
represented to bo lncrcnslng more
rapidly than infidelity among men.
For women an lncrenso Is Bhown of
299.8 per cent.: for men 237.1 per
cent. .
Figures as to Sulcldo Rate.
" Americans, It would seem, tnko di
vorce more easily than do Bomo oth
ers. Over In Kuropo tho fact hnB been
ascertained that the sulcldo rnto la
nbnornially high among thoso who
liavo been separated from tholr mntoa
by due process of law, rntlier than by
death. It Is not so In this country.
On the fnco of tho returns, ono Is like
ly to hnvo lived longer 1C he baa been
divorced than ho Is If tho death of tho
ono to whom ho was mnirrlod has left
him nlone. The nulcldo rnto for tho
widowed 1b 22 to each 100,000 of popu
lation; of tho divorced, DO.
The director of tho cenaits says thnt
oven theso figures probnbly give only
nn Imperfect idea of tho relatlvo
longevity of thoso who hnvo volun
tarily sundered tho matrimnninl tie,
since it is rensonnblo to believe, bo ho
declares, that tho real sulcldo ratio
of divorced persons Is less thnn 20.
Hut whnt's tho difference? Anyono
who la determined to commit sulcldo
will probably do so, anyway, oven If
ho might bo reconciled to llfo by yield
ing up tho piico of n decree,
in tho United States 73 dlvorcoa aro
annually granted to every 100,000 of
populntlon. To the anmo number of
persons Irolnnd annually grants Icbs
thnn one, England two, Itnly three.
Austria ono.Scotlnnd four.Germnny 15,
Franco 23, Swltz;rlnnd 32 and Japan
215. As a mntter of fnct, tho dlvorco
ratio In Japan la probnbly not now ns
high ns our own. Tho ratio of 215
wns revenled by I ho Japanese consus
of 1898, since which tho dlvorco Iiiwb
of tho country havo been made moro
stringent. Switzerland, with a rntlo
of 32, comes next to us. In tho long
gap between Switzerland 32 nnd our
73 there Is no competitor.
Tho question now nrlses. If the
United Stutes does not llko so high a
dlvorco rnto what Is It going to do
about It?
There wns a tlmo when It was be
lieved that If wo hnd uniform dl
vorco lawa the question would bo set
tied. It wns the opinion of thoso who
favored this niothod thnt a largo
number of persons took up temporary
residences In lux dlvorco law statos
for tho purpose of obtaining decrees
thnt they could not get nt home.
Hut tho present Investigation dlB
proves this theory by allowing that
the proportion of divorces granted to
non-resldonts In nny state Is liiHlg
nlllcnnt. Comment Is general when
somo rich person goes to Nevada,
throwB up a couplo ol boards as a
home, plants a geranium In front of
thcin, nnd settles down to uttnln
legal resldonco with which to obtnln
a divorce. Hut such a person counts
only ono in tho statistics nnd thero
aro not many such persons.
South Carolina prohibits divorce
will not grant ono for any cause. Hut
thoro aro many desertions In South
Carolina and does nnyono bollovo
thorc Is moro domestic happiness In
South Carolina than anywhere else?
Women soom to bo getting tholr
courago back. Their Increased cruolty
heads tho list of Increased causes.
nnd their ability to bid tho homo nn
unceremonious and final farewell ox
cooda anything that mon nro doing In
tho name direction.
Again tho question arises, What Is
to ho done?
Ask somebody who knows.
BS8TJS1R HWOIW
The Leading
By CHARLES
(Cupjriiilit, l-jr w,
Thero was much surprlso nnd no
little consternation In tho ranks of tho
Sterling Block company, when It wns
announced that tho stnr of the cuBt,
Miss Hallldiiy, had been taken sud
denly 111 nnd that tho part of "Iris"
would bo given over to tho morclos
of n 'substitute thnt night. Gerald
Morrison, who sustained the principal
mnlo chnracter of tho piny, waB par
ticularly worried over tho unfortunnto
occurrence. He looked about him In
quisitively ns ho stopped upon tho
dimly-lighted stage. Tho now lending
lndy was not vlslblo nnd the only
Btrnngo faco ho observed was that of
n pretty young girl, who had appar
ently been brought by somo friend lu
tho conipnny for a peep behind tho
scenes.
"Heady for the llrst act!" cried tho
stage manager, and Gerald wns Bur
prised to boo, when tho singe was
clenred that tho Btrango young girl
remained, llo wna about to go for
ward and wnrn her that tho rehenraal
wna to begin and that tho loading lady
would want tho Btngo to herself, when
ho was amazed to hear her ropoat In
rntlier nervous tones, the opening
lines nsslgnod to "Irla." Tho net pro
ceeded nnd the girl becnnio more
nervous na each new chnracter np-
pearcd, until when Gerald nppronclted
her, she greeted him with trembling
volco and tearful cyoB, Instead of tho
gay llippnucy assigned to tho pnrt. This
annoyed him and ho spoke his lines
in a rough, cnroleas way that mndo
her nlmost forgot hers. She glanced
nt him nppcnllugly nnd whispered:
"PloiiBo forglvo me; I'll do better to
night." Gerald left tho theater In
nnythlng hut a plensnnt mood. Ho
looked forwnrd to nil aorta of unplona-
ant happenings during the evening
Sho Hastened Forward, Breathlessly.
performance and when tho tlmo enmo
for his npponrunco before tho foot
lights he hud worked himself Into n
stnto of nervousness almost rivaling
that of tho dobutuute.
his mndo up very well, ho thought,
ns no enmo forwnrd on tho stage, but
It remained to ho Been how she would
net. Ho advanced repenting his lines
in n Jorky, Irresolute fashion and mix
ing tho sentnnces so that tho cue waa
lost. Much to hla aurprlsu and relief,
howovor, Irla saved him from the con
sequences of hla lnpso of momory by
nn oxtomporo word or two that
brought tho play back into Ita proper
groove.
On tho following morning tho nowa
papera spoko lu highest prnlso of the
opening porformanco of tho Storllng
stock conipnny in "Tho World nnd n
Woman." To Goruld Morrison was
glvon tho grcntost credit for tho sue
ceaa of tho play, although mention
wna mndo of tho clover work of Mlsa
Mnrgaret Denne, who, owing to tho
sudden illness of Miss Hnllldny, took
tho leading Indy's part, of Iris, nnd ren
dered nn udmlrublo performance, con
sidering her oxtromo youth nnd tho
fnct that alio had appeared on such
short notice. Hoforo Gornld left tho
city for a tour In tho south ho signed
a contract with tho Storllng Stock
Compnny for tho next senson. When
tho members of tho company nasem
bled to bo cnat for tho play which was
to bo produced nt tho opening of tho
senson, tho now manager turned to
Gerald.
"I want you to moot MIbb Denno,
who will play opposite to you, Mr.
MorrlBon," ho said.
"Tho Introduction Is senrcely hocob
sary," responded thnt young lady, In a
freozlng tone of volco. "I hnvo hnd
tho honor of meeting Mr. Morrison ho
foro." "Our ncqunlntunco wns rathor
r.hort," remarked Gorald. "I nm hnppy
In being nblo to rosumo It so soon."
Miss Doano merely bowed nnd wnB
Bllent. Thoy met constnntly at re
hearsals and Gorald waa surprised and
annoyed at tho hauteur and disdain
with which ho was treated by tho girl
whom a fow short months ago ho had
looked upon as littlo moro than u
child. Thoro wero moments when ho
thought ho could dotect u little more
cordiality In her tono or glnnco, but
any encouragement thus derived wna
quickly overbalanced by her coldnoss,
If ho presumed on It. Ho overtook
hor ono morning as they loft tho thea
ter. "Our wayn seem to Ho In tho samo
direction; uiuy I accompany you?" ho
aEkod, somewhat timidly.
PSIOKU gaiea
Lad
7
L. DOYLE
(I. ukftpmkii.)
"No, thank you," alio nnswered, In
differently.
Dosplto his rcpulao, aornld, who by
this tlmo waa willing to admit to
himself that ho waB really In love
with her, continued to Book Margaret's
soeloty. Ono morning on his wny
to rohonrsal ho noticed lu u ilorlat'8
window u pretty bunch of Marguo
rites. Acting on tho Impulso of tho
moment, ho purchased them, and on
arriving nt tho thentor sent thorn to
MIbb Dcnno's dressing room. When
alio stepped on tho stage sho carried
the box containing tho llowers In hor
hand.
"Some foolish person sent mo those,"
sho remarked to tho company who
stood nrouud hor. "I nm not particu
larly fond of MnrguorltoB, as they re
mind mo too much of my own nnmo,
which I havo tho mlsfortuno to dis
like. Won't you nil holp yoursolvoal
I might not bo so generous It they
wero rosea."
As tho Indies present nvnllcd thorn
Bolvea of tho Invitation and pinned
clustors or tho pretty blossoms 011
tholr gowiiB, Gorald received a defiant
little glance from Mnrgnro'; Hint con
vinced him that alio had dlacovered
tho donor, nnd thnt hor dlsllko for
Marguerites waa of recent nnd sudden
growth. Tho dross rehenrBal which
took placo on tho night preceding the
presentation of tho pleco In public waa
a long one, nnd It wna nourly one
o'clock when tho wenry porformora
emerged from tho stago door. Mar
gnret Deano felt decidedly ncrvoiiB na
alio wnlkcd nlong tho lonoly cro38
streets, which wore practically desert
ed. Every footfall In tho distance
mndo hoi stnrt, nnd when nho fnnctcd
alio heard n cautloim step behind her,
nn of somo 0110 following lu hor track,
hor heart beat painfully. Sho glnnced
hastily back and caught Bight of tho
tall form or ft man who was ovldontly
wntchlng her.
Sho hastened forwnrd breathlessly,
conscious nil tho tlmo that hor pur
suer was nlso hurrying on. At last
tho thought of calling n pollcoman
entered her mind, but there wns none
In sight. A light In tho window of n
holme close nt hnnd caught hor cyo,
and alio decided to appeal to tho In
mntes for nld. Mounting tho stops, she
wna horrified to henr tho rapid ap
proach of hor pursuer's foot closo bo
hind hor. Desperately alio reached fot
tho boll, nnd wns about to pull It, whon
n fnmlllnr volco snld:
"Do you wIbIi to nco unybody horcl
I hnvo u lntch key handy."
"Gerald! Mr. Morrison," almosl
Bcrcumed Mnrgaret, In surprise and
Immonso relief. "Ib It really you? 1
thought It waa some awful highway
mnn following mo. Oh, I nm so
Bind!"
"So nm I," nnld Gornld, carncBtly,
"glad boeauso tho barriers aro broken
down between ub, oven If you wore
n littlo hit frlghtoned. You foolish
child, did you Imagine that I would al
low you to wander through the street!
nlono nt this tlmo of night? And, ol
courso, Fnto ordained thnt you should
run up horo, where I live. Now I nm
going to boo you homo."
Mnrgnrot slipped hor littlo hnnd con-
fldlngly through his urm, nnd tho;
started off togothor. "I was horrid
to you, Gornld," sho aald, falterlngly,
"hut I never will bo ngnln."
During tho following wcok tho an
nounccnient wna mndo In thentrlcal
circles of tho ongngomont of Margnrol
Donne, lending lndy of tho Storllng
Stock Company, to Gerald Morrison.
"Queer," commented tho stago mail'
ngor, "I thought bIio hated that chap,
but you never can toll. 1 supposo she
wns In love with lit m nil tho time."
Old Custom Abolished,
Tho Hiitlsh army council hns decld
ed to abolish tho old custom of "crying
down credit." Under tho klng'a regu
Intlona, commanding ofllcora, on arriv
ing nt a now station, nro required tc
mnko proclamation warning tradespeo
ple and others that a uoldlor's pay
cannot bo stopped for a prlvato debt,
nnd that thoso who allow soldiers tc
contract dobta do so at their own risk
Tho custom lu tho old dnya often
gave rlso to a picturesque ceremony
I ho commanding olllcor, nccompanled
by u detachment of hla regiment nnd
Hie drums, rending tho proclnmntloc
In tho market place. Tho InBt occa
slon on which tho coremony wns per
formed wna n yenr or two ago. Tlu
old proclamation Is now to bo 10
pluced by newspaper ndvortlaoments
Trial of Radlotelcgraphy.
A powerful radlotelcgraphy planl
him been contracted for by tho nnvj
department. This plnnt will bo nl
Washington, D. C, nnd will bo gunr
nntecd to transmit messages 3.00C
miles across acas. Tho aorlal trans
mlsalon system will bo supported by a
G00-foot steol towor. Tho plnnt li
guaranteed to bo operative under all
atmospheric conditions mid to be
proof against nil Intorforonco from nl!
present rndlotelcgrnphlc appnrutim In
use nnywhere. It is reported that th
nnvy operators unsuccessfully tried
for four dnya to Intorfoio with th
operation of a prollmlnnry nrrnngo
incut of tho typo of upparntua to b
used. Tho coat of tho plant Is stated
ns ?182.G00.
Australia Needs Settlers.
Australia has mora unemployed
area in proportion to tho populntlor
than any other country.
