Orient
Would Resist
American
Intrusion
SI
it
By ST. NIIIAL SING
((.'opyrlnlit, by Joseph H. Howies.)
It Is but recently that the oriental
has begun to awaken to an apprecia
tion of himself. Hitherto ho has not
only allowed himself to bo treated by
tho occidental as chanco ordained, but
hns measured his ability with tho crlto
rlons sot up by westerners. It Is but
yesterday that tho Asian assumed an
aggressive ottltudo nnd vowed that
ho would resist the intrusion of tho
European and American, employing
the occidental weapons to accomplish
that end.
Tho chnngo In tho attitude of tho
east towards the west during tho last
two decades has been phenomenal. It
has led tho Asiatic to resent tho west
ern insinuation that tho oriental Is tho
Inferior of the occidental in mental and
moral caliber. It has also wooed tho
Asiatic out of hln inaction and leth
argy of ages, Inspired him with the do
filro to break tho shell of his limita
tions and set his face towards modern
ization and evolution.
TImo was, and not long ago, when
the rank and flio of oven tho cultured
orlentnls wero obBoqulous In their at
titude towards oven tho modlocro
westerner. To tho Asiatic, "white"
skin was synonymous with superior
talent and character. The whlto man
represented to him great strength of
mind nnd body nnd skill of nrms, of
fensive and dofenslve.
Tlio Asian no longer mentally or
physically prostrates himself before
tho CnucaBlan. To him, no more tho
Anglo-Saxon boast of surviving ns tho
fittest has any weight. A brown or
yellow hldo has como to be, to him,
ns good an Index of character and cal
iber as the white.
What tho now Occident wants to
day is reciprocity. It domnnds for It
self perfectly oven prlvllogos in re
turn for thoso which it extends to
westerners within its gates.
This nttltudo Is llkoly to assume
moro aggresslvo and Intonslvo form
as tho awakening proceeds apace and
ns tho oriental succeeds In learning
tho arts and crafts of subjugating tho
forces of naturo and utilizing them
Consldorod In this light, it Is easy
to understand tho orlontnl vlow of
Asiatic Immigration to North America
and tho Hrltish colonics. Tho first
thing to bo noted in this connection Is
thnt tho oriental is no longer proparod
to brook tho aspersion that ho Is tho
Inferior of tho Americans or Hrltish
colonials. Another and moro Impor
tant fenturo Is that tho hostile treat
ment of tho oriental Immigrants can
not but lead to untold and vexatious
trndo complications.
tho pouuler wno sold his wares
from door to door had no stntus In
the minds of his buyers and ho could
wen nnoru to client as no nover
wished nor expected to dupllcato a
snlc. Tho modern metropolitan do
partment storos find that It In cssen
tlal for thorn rather to loso a sale
than dupe n customer. In business
circles moro and moro tho rotontlon
of good will and tho satisfaction of
tho purchaser Is becoming tho slno
qua non of success. It Is not tho
now-fnngled salesman, who Induces a
stato of hypnosis nnd dupes the
buyer Into taking porno article that
he does not need or that is not Its
monoy's worth, who Is tho cornerstono
of a successful storo; nor Is tho Impa
tient and unobliging man behind tho
countor or nt tho desk tho koystono of
u business enterprise. In tho long
run, both provo failures and ropresont
tho crystallization of penny-wise
pound-foolish philosophy.
As It Is with Internal trndo, so Is It
with International commerce. The
economic Is an essential feature of
inter-continental trndo rolntlons; but
It has been tho oxporlonco of imslnoas
people whoso operations extend world
wide, that, other things being equal
tho buslnoss man who is tho most
gentlomnnly nnd obliging wins out in
tho rnce.
To vorlfy this statement, ono has
but to seo how much buslnoss tho
Englishman loses In India through his
snobbery nnd boorlshness In his deal
lugs with tho native Kast-Indlan
trader.
in tno pnst it mis neon tlio case
thnt on nccount of tho weakness nnd
Innlortnoss of tlio orlontnl, tho west
orner In tho enst has had his own wny
It wns very much similar towhntho
did In North Amorlca. Tho North
Aiuoncnn iimians, unnwo to copo
with tho aggressors and incapable
civilizing themsolves according
tho western canons, found thoniselvos
driven to reservations nnd extinction
In sovcral of tho orlontnl countries
tho Anglo-Saxon has attempted tho
samo thing, but without tho snmo sue
cess. In India, for Instance, 70,000
000 peoplo hnvo boon ground to such
dlro and painful povorty thnt thoy
cannot mnnago to aocuro a slnglo sat
lbfylng menl a day. In China tho at
tempt hns been mado to parcel tho
country nnd divide It amongst tho Eu
ropean powers. Tho near-east has
slmllariy been the subject of such
mnchlnntlons. Persia nntl Afghanistan
nnd tho adjolnttvs territory hnvo boon
threatened with n similar fate. Hut
for many reasons tho oriental coun
tries have been saved from tho doom
of tho red Indian. Tholr prcsont-dny
o wakening to n realization of tholt
situation and possibilities promise
that they will not only avert an lgno
millions fate, but that In tho near fir
turo a better and moro equitable ad
justment of tho relations between tho
orient and tho Occident will take
place.
So far thoro havo been two stand
ards of equity. With tho ono tho
westerner hns meaBurod himself-
with tho other, ho has adjudged tho
easterner. Tho occidental has gono
to Asian countries, through Intrigue
and bnso dovlces obtained possession
f tho land, fottorcd tho peoplo and ex
ploited tho resources for his solflsh
Interests. Hut he has Invariably re
sented It when tho Asiatic turned
around and showed a disposition to
pay him the same sort of compliment.
The fiasco which has resulted from
Asfntlc immigration in Australia, Can
ada, tho United Stntes, South Africa,
etc., is mainly to bo attributed to
this unreasonable and lncqultnblo
dealing of tho occidental In regard to
the Asiatic; but thoro Is hopo of a
satisfactory solution, ns tho spirit of
tho times hns sounded tho death knoll
for tho maintaining of this dual stand
ard of ethics. Gradually tho emanci
pated womnn is obliging man to
udgo her by tho satno standards with
which ho Judges himself. With tho
march of civilization nnd with tho
gradual evolution of the orient, tho
Occident will find thnt, llko tho "new"
woman, tho "now" oriental will not
siibmlt to humiliating treatment. This
now rnpprochemont nppenrs even
at this moment just about to mount
tho horizon. In slzu It Is no bigger
than a man's hand; but from nil
Indications It Is ccrtnln to incrcaso
in dimensions. Tho resistance thnt
tho East-Indian Immigrants nrn of
fering In the Transvaal, rofuslng to
submit to degrading Immigration laws
and preferring to loso all their vosted
proporty and rights nnd oven to rot
in Jails; tho recent memorial of the
native East-Indian soldlors to tho com-
mandor-In-chlcf of tho Drltlsh em
pire thnt thoy bo taken out and shot
dead rather than bo allowed to bo hu
miliated by unjust nnd tyrannical Hrlt
ish colonists; tho propnratlons thnt
Indln is making to boycott the incom-
ngof Hrltish colonials and their goods;
tho Btout resistance thnt the Japanese
Immigrants hnvo offered on this contl
nent; nil portend tho aggressive nttl
tudo thnt tho orient Is displaying
thnt tho day Is nenr dawning when
tho occidental shall havo to do by
tho oriental as ho wishes to bo
dono by.
In considering tho matters per
taining to orlontnl Immigration, It
must bo remombercd that tho orlont
Is not planning a foil swoop on tho
occldcnj:. Tho nggresslveness of tho
oriental Is not flowing into tho chan
nel of an attempt to despoil tlio
North American continent ns did tho
Huns tho Romnn empire. Tho pros
cnt-day orlontnl finds too much con
strucllvo work to do nt homo, to think
of such an Invasion; and deems tho
vory mention of yellow and brown
peril a ludicrous monstrosity. His
aggressiveness Is finding nn outlet
merely In tho nttltudo which ho Is as
sinning townrd tho occldont which, It
must bo distinctly understood, Is not
of hostility but rather of reel
proclty.
Tho ABlan Is not scheming to thrust
himself by shoor forco upon tho
occldont. Ho only pleads for oqult
ablo treatment.
Asia Is tho oldest continent of tho
world. Mnny of Its countries aro thick-
ly populatod. Howovor, tho ro
sources of tho orient nro practically
Inexhaustible nnd havo scarcely boon
touched. Tho occidental exploiters
havo but secured tho crudo surfaco
wealth, and beneath this somewhat
exhausted crust Ho treasures untold.
Tho now orient, unless It Is usurped
as a breeding plnco for tho European
exploiter, will provide na amplo living
to the orlontal himself. With a Bys
torn of Intensive nnd scientific agrl
culturo, with tho harnessing of rivers,
creeks nnd wnterfalls, with tho onv
ployment of steam nnd electricity in
manufactures, with tho extension oi'
tho transportation facilities and with
tho development of educational policy
and administration, tho orlont, thick
ly populated and old as It Is, will
supply bettor opportunity for a com
fortablo life; and tho masses of
orlentnls who aro being pinched by
povorty nnd fnmlno Into Amorlca and
tho Hrltish colonies will Hvo content
edly In tholr natlvo lands. If tho
$100,000,000 that Indln pays annunlly
to England ns its trtbuto to Its llogo
lord remained in tho country; nnd If
tho lucratlvo government appoint
monts that todny aro monopolized by
aliens woro held by tho nntlvos of
tho land, tho homo-loving Hindoos
would not find It necessary to go to
Canada or Hrltish Africa. As It is
tho settlement of tho Hindoo Immlgra
tlon problem hinges to a largo extent
upon whother tho Occident will or will
not continue to "milk" HIndostnn. If the
west will but keep its hands off Asia
will ceao looking nt tho resources
of tho orient with covetous eyes am
fighting for their possession, tho orl
entnl will ho onnoied to stay pence
fully at home In his own land, nnd tho
problom of tho "yollow nnd brown
porll" will solvo Itself. Even tho "little
mon" of Jnpan will moro and more
conflno their Immigration and ex
ploltntion to tholr own contlnont and
censo thrusting themselves upon the
hostile Occident.
I WHY NOT PLAN
COVERED BARN YARD
One Man Who Has Dono So With Success.
Superintendent Frnnk H. Hnll of tho
Illinois farmers' Institute, In addition
to being ono of tho leading agricul
tural educators In tho middle west. Is
a prncttcnl farm oporntor on his own
account Ono of tho features of his
dairy farm Is a covered barnyard In
which tho cows run loose instead of
bolng stnllod.
A good Idea of his stnblo nrrnngo-
mcnt Is eliown in tho accompanying
Illustration. As reported in circular
P- mmm m mmm hi hi mi mw rnsm
I I
s f f
1 g-1 r
rrT7 T7l 8 I
w o ci n I
3 I '
f F F
Ground Plan of F. H. Hall's Loose Cow Stable,
03 of tho Illinois experiment station,
on Superintendent Hall's farm a space
In tho barn 35x52 feet Is devoted to
tho cows. A manger running length
wlso extonds to within right feet of
tho wnll nt each ond. Thoso spaces
botweon tho mnngor and tho wnll nro
closed by gates. At milking tlmo nil
of tho cows nro driven to tho
nldo of tho mnngor on which tho
water tank Is situated, and tho gates
aro closed.
Tho door of tho milking room Is
then opened nnd tho Iiohb cows nro
always ready to enter. Near tho end
of thlB room nro thrco stnlls In which
tho milking Is dono nnd It Is surpris
ing to noto how quickly each cow
learns In which etnll sho Is to bo
milked nnd tho ordor In which her
turn comos, so thnt tho thrco mllkors
havo Httlo dlfllculty In always milking
The Forty-Three Points oi the Dairy Cow
J;
39 40 f '' XQ
I . '
DIAGRAM ILLUSTRATING POINT S OBSERVED IN JUDGING COWS.
1. Head. 12. Withers. 23. Shoulder. 34. Fore uddor.
2. Muzzle. 13. Back. 24. Elbow. 35. Hind udder.
3. Nostril. 14. Loins. 25. Forearm. 36. Teats.
4. Face. . 15. Hip bone. 26. Knee. 37. Upper thigh.
5. Eyes. ' 16. Pelvic arch. 27. Ankle. 38. Stifle.
6. Forehead. 17. Rump. 28. Hoof. 39. Twist.
7. Horn. 18. Tall. 29. Heart girth. 40. Leg or gaskln.
8. Ear. 19. Switch. 30. Side or barrel. 41. Hock.
9. Cheek. 20. Chest. 31. Belly. 42. Shank.
10. Throat. 21. Brisket. 32. Flank, 43. Dew claw.
11. Neck. 22. Dewlap. 33. Milk vein.
GRADINGOF CREAM
By F. A. Jorgenocn.
Thoro is nt present more or less
grading of cream taking plnco In our
cronmorles, but two creameries scarce
ly over grado nllko. Thoro nro ovon
creameries that do not grado nllko for
all tholr patrons nnd somo that grade
for part of tholr patrons only. These
wldoly different methods of grading
aro not reconimendablo nnd especially
In plnces whoro there Is a great denl
of changing nround of patrons. For If
n man tnkes his cream to ono cronm
ory for awhile and gots It graded and
then tnkes It to nnother nnd gots it
graded dlfforontly thoro, It will In
many Instances tond to hnvo tho pa
tron loso faith In tho grading. Ho
comes to tho conclusion It Is a swin
dling deal since thoy don't grado nllko
Just ono moro way of robbing him.
Therofore, if tho creamery mon could
work In harmony, then they could
adopt somo common mothod and allow
a Inrgo enough discrimination so It
would encourugo tho patron to pro
duco n good artlclo. Hesldos tho sys
tem of grading would lmvo much moro
effect. At present tho dlfforonco In
price paid between a first grado of
cream and tho pooror ono Is, as n rule,
not largo enough, and It muy bo Justly
said that tho unduo competition Is tho
vory causo of It. It Is also tho vory
causo of tho prcsont nhusn of tho Hub
cock test which can bo found In ovory
day practlco in many of our cream
eries. Whoro competition Is sharp
somo of tho tests aro undor-rend In
ordor to glvo somo a higher tost thnn
they nro entitled to. This Is tho causo
of much of tho dissatisfaction among
so many of tho creamory patroiiB. It
Is unjust and It tends to muko thorn
slack nnd produce an Inferior grado of
"m. Thereforo, It ought to bo
FOR A
tho snmo cows nnd In tlio snmo or
der. When the milkers nro ready? tho
gates nt tho roar of tho ntollB nro
opened, ono cow onlcrs each stnll nnd
tho gates nro closod. Tho cown ent
their grnln while being milked nnd
pass out through tho gates al tho front
of the stalls Into tho othor sldo of
the shod. As tho mnngor nnd gates
divide the Bhod, tho cows
been milked nro forced to
that have
remain on
ono sldo nnd ennnot como to tho milk
ing stalls n second time.
All grain is fed In the milking stnlls
and the roughago from tho largo man
ger In tho center of tho shed. This
mnngor Is raised as fast as tho mauuro
accumulates, so that It Is nlwuys n con
venient height for tho cows. In this
herd of 33 cows not n soiled cow wns
scon. ,
When nskod what ho consldorod to
bo tho chief ndvnutngo of keeping
dairy cows In this way over tho ordl
nary method of stabling, Superin
tendent Hull replied:
"Hy this method wo havo cleaner
cows nnd Increnscd milk How; wo savo
lnbor In clcnnlng stnbles, and In haul
ing out mauuro; and tho fertility In
tho mauuro Is preserved moro com
pletely." stopped. Hut It cannot bo dono ex
cept through a combined effort of tho
dairy and creamerymen of tho stato.
Clean Milk Utensils. I bclloyo tho
ordinary ton-gallon milk can used for
tho transportation of commercial milk
has been tho caimo of moro trouble
than any other ono thing, declnrcs an
Ohio correspondent of tho Ornngo
Judd Farmor. Frequently cans which
uro supposed to ho clcun contain a half
pint of filthy rinsing water. I hollovo
thoro should bo nn ordlnanco In ovory
village and 'city compelling tho milk
vendor to wash nnd sterilize his cans
thoroughly before sending them to tho
producer. In tho washing of milk
utensils you uhould not uso sonp pow
ders or soaps of any kind which con
tain orgnnlb fat. Hy so doing you may
convoy to your milk undesirable fla
vors nnd cniiBo to remain In your
utensils doposlts which will contami
nate or dotorlorato tho milk.
Think How the Hog Feels. Try It
nnd seo If you can Hvo through tha
summer without any green vegetables
from tho garden. Then trj to Imaglno
how tho hog, especially tho growing
pig, enn got through tho snmnior with
out pasture If you havo no monoy to
put Into fencing for a pnsturo, soil hall
tho hogs and provldo pasture for the
othor hnlf. You will havo as much
monoy nnd tho pnsturo bosldes nt the
end of tho your.
New York's Milk Appetite. The
product of 80,000 dairy farms Is re
quired to Hiipply Now York, and somo
of its milk conies 100 miles.
Cowpcas. CowpoaH uro gront milk
producers. I ndvlso all dairymon to
grow them, as they glvo largo yields
and aro beneficial to tho soli.
5Y
P
CARL ETON ?. BALL,
AGROMOMdT
Mllo Is ono of tho durra group of
sorghums, closely related to whlto
durrn ("Jerusalem corn") nnd to
brown durrn. It Is probnbly of Afri
can, perhaps Egyptian, origin, nnd wns
Introduced Into tho United States bo
twoon 1S80 nnd 1S80, nnd was first
grown In South Carolina or Ocorgln.
it canio probably from Africa, but this
Is not cortnlnly known. No sorghum
brought slnco from Africa has been
exactly like mllo, though ono found
In Egypt nnd cnlled thero durra snfra,
or yellow durra, is quite similar to It.
Mllo was first known nu "Yellow Mil
lo Maize." Tho ndjoctlvo "yollow"
wns applied because of tho yellowish
color of tho seeds and becnuso n white
Boeded sorghum, related to tho kaflrs,
wnB then bolng sold nnd grown ns
"Whlto Mlllo Maize." Mnny other
names havo slnco been nppllod to
mllo. Among them nro Hranchlng
dourn, Hwnrf mllo, Dwnrf mllo mnlzo,
Dwarf yollow mllo, Mlllo, Mlllo mnlzo,
Mllo mnlzo, Hod Egyptian corn, Iturnl
branching sorghum, Yellow brandling
dhourn, Yollow branching- mlllo mnlzo,
Yollow branching norghum, Yollow
mlllo maize, Yellow mllo, nnd Yollow
mllo maize. Several of thoso names
aro occaslonnlly applied to brown
durra also. Dwarf mllo, Yellow mllo,
nnd Mllo "mnlzo" aro tho nnmes most
commonly uboiI for mllo.
Tho iiiimo "mllo" Is adopted and roc
omnionded bccniiBo It Is short, distinc
tive, and appropriate. Tho word
"jnalzo" should never bo used for
mllo, ns It confuses this crop with
com.
When first Introduced mllo wns suit
ablo for uso only iib a general forngo
crop. Owing to Its smnll nnd scanty
leaves and pithy stoms It was lnforlor
to kallrB and sorgos for forngo pur
poses. On tho westorn plnins it bo
gnn to bo developed as a combined
grnln and forage crop. Llko all sor
ghums It was strongly drought resist
ant. Compnrod with somo othor grnln
varieties of sorghum It wns only fairly
early and productive, but It iiossosscd
good seed-holding power, which white
durra ("Jerusalem corn") and brown
durra sadly lacked. From tho Htnnd
point or grnln production it had, bo
sldes these deslrnblo chnrnctors, sov
oral vory objectionable habits. Thoso
wero (1) tho abundant stoollng, (2)
tho free branching, (3) tho bIzo and
height of tho stem, nnd (4) tho pend
ent, or "goose-necked," heads.
In tho jiast four or Hvo years tho de
velopment of mllo ns a grain crop Iioh
been progressing rapidly nlong tho
lines Just shown to bo deslrnblo. Tho
c.frcfully Holoctod mllo of today Is a
great Improvement over tho common,
uiiBelected crop. Ordinary mllo litis
been reduced by solectlon to a uniform
height of I to 4V6 -feet In tho plains
regions lying at an elovntlon of 3,000
to 1.000 feet abovo sea level, or at an
equivalent latitude. Through solec
tlon nnd thicker seeding tho heads
have been, changed from mostly
pendent to mostly erect. All 'heads
not loaning ovor moro than .'10 degrees
from tho perpendicular nro classed as
erect, Hlnco for nil practical purposos
thoy aro erect. From 75 to 90 percent
have been brought to this position In
different strains. A largo part of tho
remaining 10 to 25 per cent, aro moro
ly Inclined, I. o., bent over moro than
30 degrees mid less than 90 degrees,
or tho horizontal, position. These In
clined heads would bo rendlly gath
ered by a header. Only n very small
porccntHKO of tho bonds urn pendent,
I. n., declined below tho horizontal
line.
Hy tho combined Influences of bo
lection nnd thicker seeding, branch
lug, has boon nlmost entlroly pro-
vented, and stoollng, or tho production
of HiicltoiH, has been greatly chocked.
About ono-fourth to one-half tho plants
produce no suckers at all, and most
of the romnlndor produce only ono
Htiekor on each plant. Earllness has
been Increased until these strains
MlL'O
7JD or ZtfWZZCffi) JITZO
O N
a
jz&os or mho
J1.-CZ&IN2Z)
Q-jx-mi nJxwcffarwiD
showing Aims mmKZtfrJ'
ripen in 90 to 100 or 110 days under tho
conditions of altitude nnd cllmnto
found in westorn Texas and ndjneont
territory. Tho grnln yields of tho crop
havo been maintained nnd Increased
during nil these chnnges In habit.
A truo dwarf strain, growing only
3 to 3 Mi foot In height under tho snmu
conditions n tho ordinary tailor strain,
hns been Improved In tho Bnmo way
as tho ordinary mllo, though tho
changes nro not yet qulto an firmly
fixed.
Mllo Is nt prcBont tho most success
ful stumper grnln crop for tho southern
half of tha plains region. It is nn
onrllor nnd moro drought-resistant
crop than corn and makes a satlsfnc-
tvmut ai Mm tune fA'
CUSSDI9 m It nmKM MM, It MMttrt
Pfrrn - ' wmt rr amhhti trtn ttmt rrsrwo.
tory feodlng substitute. Tho hlghost
uvorngo yields of corn undor tho samo
conditions havo been ten buBhols to
tho ncro loss thnn thoso of mllo, Tho
yields of blnckhull knflr havo been Hvo
bushels loss to tho acre.
Mllo Is now a stnplo crop In a lnrgo
part of western Toxna and In tho nd
jneont portions of Now Mexico, Colora
do, Kansas and Oklahoma. This sec
tion lies at olovntloiiB of 1,500 to -1,000
feet nhovo sea levol, and has a vnry
Ing nitnual rainfall of 17 to 25 inches.
Mllo Is well hdapted to tho wholo
southern hnlf of tho plains roglon ly
ing bolow nn elovntlon of about 1,500
fcqt.
Mllo can bo grown successfully on
tho lower plains of custom Oklahoma,
eastern Kansas and southern No
braska, whore kallr varieties nro now
tho leading grain sorghums. In this
eastern section of tho plains corn Is
ordinarily a profitable crop, nnd tho
ncrcngo of mllo will depend on sonson
ablo variations. In dry yoars mllo
should bo lnrgoly grown thoro, but In
wot years It will bo replaced by corn
to n coiiBldorablo oxtont.
It scorns very probublo that tho lim
its of successful production of mllo
can bo rapidly extended northward
and westward from tho prosont nroa.
Tho accompnnylng map sIiowb (1)
tho area where mllo Is now a stnplo
crop, (2) tho nrea to which mllo Is
now well ndaptcd, and (3) tho nrea
In which mllo Is being thoroughly
tested and In much of which It will
probably bo grown successfully.
In 1907 mllo was ripened nt sovoral
points In eastern Colorado at olova
Hons of 5,500 to 0,000 feot, It was fully
inntured at tho agricultural experi
ment Biibstntlon at North Platto, In
western Nebraska. At tho oxporlmont
substation at Hlghmore, In contrnl
South Dakota, at an olovatlon of 2,000
feet, In lntltudo -ii" north, tho earliest
mllo was Just rlpo whon frost oc
curred, on Septembor 2G, 1907.
Early strains of mllo will bo thor
oughly tested In 1908 ovor all tho
northern plains roslon nnd -throughout
tho Qreut Hasln or Intor-mountaln
urea as woll. Farmers ripening mllo
outside tho limits of present produc
tion should vory cnrefully select tholr
seed from hardy und oarly-mnturlng
plants, thus founding a strain suited to
their conditions,
3t r-....T