ACQ01T Jl CALLAUAN
Jurors In Kidnaping Caso Spring Snrpriso
Party on tho Court,
THE RESULT CAUSES A SENSATION
Nldit In Itctlrement Urines About a
llenmrkable Conclusion Judge linker
Itebukos the Jurors Dismisses Them
With a Stern Itcprltnand.
OMAHA, April 29. James Cnllnhan
Is not guilty of complicity In tho kid
naping of Edward Cudahy, Jr.
fc'uch was tho verdict of tho Jury
which, for nearly a week in Judge
Baker's court, had been hearing evl
denco in this noted caso. The vordict
was a surprlso to a majority of thoso
who havo followed tho testimony
closely, as it was generally believed
that tho defendant would bo convict
ed. Judge Bnkor was deoply incens
ed. Ho roundly censured tho Jury,
Boying ho could not conceive how
twclvo intelligent men, after hearing
tho ovidonco, could not reach a con
clusion. Callhan was discharged na to tho
chargo of robbery, but was Immedi
ately rearrested on two other counts
thoso of grand larceny and falso im
piisonmcnt. An attempt will bo mado
to convict him on ono or both of these
charges with substantially tho samo
ovidonco as was adduced in tho caso
just closed.
Tho jury was discharged "without
tho compliments of tho court."
Today Chief of Police Donnhuo will
recommend that tho roward of $5,000
for tho arrest of Pat Crowe bo with
drawn. In his opinion tlto fact of a
reward hanging over tho liead of Cal
lahan was largely responsible for his
acquittal, as it loft room to doubt tho
slncorlty of thoso who had been in
strumental in his capture.
Tho reading of tho verdict, which
was received in absoluto silence, was
followed by a pauso during which tho
judge studied tho written words on
the shoot Hcseemcd to havo doubt
ed his ears and to need tho concur
rence of tho sense of sight beforo ho
g could fully reallzo what had happen
ed. Then, facing the twelve tales
men, he said sternly:
"Gentlemen of the Jury: This is cer
tainly a most remarkable verdict in
the light of tho evidence that has
been disclosed in this case. You prob
ably understand, but I cannot con
celvo of twelve intelligent men listen
ing to tho ovidonco in this case, with
out a broken link, nnd return a ver
dict of this kind. Such verdicts as
these placo a prlzo upon crimes nnd
cilminals. It makes tho ingenious
rnd notorious criminal a hero Instead
of a felon. Juries aro for tho purpose
of protecting pooplo and society; not
for tho purpose of making heroes of
men who prey upon people and upon
tholr property. I cannot concelvo how
this man could havo selected twelvo
men that would servo him better than
this Jury has served him, nor can I
concelvo how a community could se
lect twelvo men that could injure them
moro than tho twelvo havo in this
caso. Tho defendant is discharged, so
far as tho caso is concerned, to go
forth, I presume, to commit more
ciime; and this Jury Is discharged
fiom furthor service and I trust that
5 oi' will never bo called upon to servo
as jurors in a like caso in this court.
You aro discharged without tho com
pliments of tho court."
Tho majority of tho Jury sat through
tills castlgatlon with stoical Indiffer
ence. Ono or two shifted uneasily in
their seats and looked shamo-faccd,
but for tho most part they seemed to
imperfectly understand tho purport of
the Judgo's words.
After the court had concluded Cal
lahan aroso, approached tho bench
nnd said: "If your .houor please, my
lawyers are not hero, and I would
liko to say a word on my own account
and thank theso jurors."
"Sit down, Mr. Callahan," com
manded tho Judge sternly. "Tho Jury
does not deservo thanks."
This closed tho sccno lit the court
room. Tho jury left tho box and
sauntored out into tho hall, followed
by Callahan, whore ensued tho inci
dent of hand-shking nnd mumbled
thanks, an awkward and embarrassed
rlto, as it was observed under tho
contemptuous eyes of tho officers and
other late witnesses for tho stato.
Old Telegrapher' "Thirty."
NEW YORK, April 29. James
Douglass Rold, known to telegraphers
throughout tho country na "tho fath
er of tho tolograph," died at his resi
dence In this city. Ho had been 111
toi many weolts.
Ai Choctaw Train Itnhhent.
MEMPHIS. Tonn., April 29. City
Marshal Qulnn, of Greonvllle, Miss.,
has under arrest at that placo two
men whom ho suspects of complicity
in tho holdup of the Choctnw train
at Brldgo Junction, nonr this city. Tho
mon give tho names of Woods and
Woodson. Woods claims his homo Is
nt Cincinnati. Woodson says ho is
from Evansvlllo, Ind. They landed nt
Greenvlllo Saturday in a skiff and
wont up to tho city to buy supplies.
THEY TRY ATOTIIER COfUP.
Twenty-First Infantrymen Surprise One
More Insurgent General's Cum p.
MANILA, April 2S. Cant. Wilson
Chase, with a detachment of tho
Twenty-first infantry, on April 20,
surprised thn camp of tho insurgent
general, Calllcs, at Dugot-Dugot. sit
uatcd nlno miles northeast of Cavinti,
In tho provlnco of Laguana, Calllcs
was at his camp nt the tlmo of tho
Amcrical attack, but managed to es
cape Captain Chase's forco captured
his adjutant gencrnl, flvo others of his
staff ofllccrs, fourteen men, twenty
rifles, a large amount of ammunition
and stores, and all tho papers and
personal effects of tho Filipino gen
crnl. Tho insurgent major, Volo, was
killed during tho engagement, as wcro
Corporal McGlll and Prlvnto Tlpps,
both bolonglng to Company A of tho
Twenty-first Soveral columns of tho
American troops contlnuo vigorously
to pursuo General Callles.
General Calllcs recently offered a
roward of $10,000 for tho head of Capt.
Edward N. Jones, Jr., of tho Eighth
Infantry. For moro than a year past
Calllcs has commanded tho insurgent
forces operating to tho cast of Bay
Lake, not far from Manila. Ho is
said to bo a French half caste. Ho
has a reputation for vindlctlvcncss
and cruelty nnd Is ono of tho two or
three Filipino leaders still in tho
field who havo clearly ignored tho
observances of honorable warfare.
Tho society of Mando-Ducnts, whoso
practlco It was to assassinate and
bury nllvo thoso of their countrymen
who accepted American sovereignty
whenever tho latter foil into their
hands, operated with tho cognizance,
If not tho support, of General Calllcs.
If Calllcs wore captured it is doubtful
if ho could claim immunity for past
atclons under the terms of tho am
nesty. In January of this year Caillos
offered a reward of $10 a pieco for
tho heads of all Americans brought to
him.
WHAT DONAHUE PROPOSES.
Wilt Ask That All Howards Do Tnken
Down for Kidnaper.
OMAHA, April 29. Chief Donnhuo
wis very much chngrlncd at tho ver
dict In tho Callnhan case, and al
though reticent in expressing an opin
ion on tho mntter, tho fact that ho
believes Callahan to bo guilty In spito
of tho Jury's verdict is plainly evi
dent. Tho chief of police had spent so
much tlmo in securing tho ovidonco
rgnlnst Callahan that his acquittal
on this chargo was a pretty severo
blow and ho does not hesltato in
saying ns much. When seen by a
reporter in regard to what ho pro
posed to do, Chief Donahue said:
"I am going right on with tho ense
as I havo figured it out and will not
lot up until I havo secured tho con
viction of tho pnrtles. Tho first
thing I intend to do is to send a re
quest to tho city council nnd to Mr.
Cudnhy as well that tho offer of re
wards bo rescinded, and especially tho
reward for tho arrest of Pat Crowe.
Then I bollovo when wo make an ar
rest of any ono wo believe to bo
guilty thero will bo no inducement' to
any witness to stretch his testimony
In the hopo that ho will be In on tho"
reward."
ARREST AT THE WHITE HOUSE.
Hurry Flnkelsteln, Alius Harry Stone,
Ants Insiine,
WASHINGTON, April 29. Harry
Flnkelsteln, y well dressed man. about
Zi years old, who says his hom is
in Cleveland, 0., Is locked up nt tho
pollco station hero on suspicion of be
ing insane. Flnkelsteln went to tho
vicinity of tho Whlto Houso this
morning and said ho wanted to see
the president on urgent business of a
privnto nature. He became rather ex
cited when rofusod admission. Klnk
olstcln wns then arrested.
Ho has a number of letters of rec
ommendation from well known sport
ing men In Snn Francisco nnd Den-.
vcr recommending him under tho
namo of Harry Stone. Tho name ho
assumed, ho says, because of family
troubles.
llorneil Texnns (Joining.
DENVER, April 29. Stockmen ore
much Interested In tho probnblo heavy
movement of cattlo from tho south
to tho ranges of tho northwest, which
will commenco within a. fow dayB, Dur
ing tho past fow days a number of
big buyers have passed through here,
headed for Toxaa to buy cattlo.
liner Keep Kitchener Ilusy,
LONDON, April 29. Lord Kitchener
continues tho proccssof wearing down
the Boors, who aro very actlvo In tho
Kroonstnd district.
Wilson Survives tho Shock.
HOT SPRINGS, Ark., April 29. J.
T. Wilson of Blair and Omaha, who
was thrown under a train by thieves
last night, has recovered from the
shock of losing his leg, and tho men
nrrested will bo taken beforo him for
identification. Wilson says ho can
positively Idontlfy ono of tho men
who assaulted him, and his descrip
tion fits a man under arrest Thero
13 great excitement and Indignation
among nil classes.
1
MN
Now Industry Begins to Mako Rtpid
Strides Iloro and Thore,
FACTORIES IN SEVERAL STATES
They 8ee Money In the Movement, Al
though Vet In Its Infnncy Suicide of
n Fanner's Hoy Near Aurora Other
Nebraska Mutters Here mill There,
WASHINGTON, April 30. C. F,
Snylor of Iown, tho special agent in
Chicago for tho beet sugar invest!
gatlon of tho department of ngrlcul
turo, Is hero nnd has submitted his
report to Secretary Wilson. He sayB
this year shows a very actlvo ten
dency toward tho institution of now
beet sugar enterprises. Naxt autumn,
ho says, Michigan will have thrco new
factories and Ohio, Indiana, Now
York, Colorado, South nnd North Da
ota nnd Illinois will Install new fac
torles, making 138 throughout tho
country now In contemplation. A con
fcorvatlvo estimate, ho says. Is that
thoro will bo forty-two beet sugar
factories in oporatlon throughout tho
United States by tho end of next au
tumn. Everything Indicates that tho
industry is thoroughly established
throughout tho country. Mr. Saylcjr
cays:
"Even in tho lnciploncy of tho in
dustry tho factories havo shown good
profits. Thoy have maintained them
selves without any apparent real con
test with tho sugar trust. Tho sec
tions of tho country that seom most
ndaptablo to tho Industry nro whero
conditions call for now resources, as
in Michigan, wlioro there has been n
mrgo Increnso in tho Inst tlireo years,
largely duo to tho waning of tho lum
bering Industry of thnt region. Thoro
will bo fourteen factories thero next
season. California is tho leading stato
In production, with eight factories,
Including tho largest in tho world.
Tho Immense amount of pulp nnd re
fuso left nftcr tho extraction of tho
sugar appeals especially to tho farmer
and tho corollary Industries that grow
out of farm products."
Mr. Saylor says no feed is so vnlu
ablo and so cheap for tho dairy and
stock feeding in tills country ao beet
pulp. Tlicso factories turn out from
15 to CO per cent of tho original weight
of tho beets worked In tho form of
refuso or bl-product Sugar beets
eccm to respond especially to cultiva
tion in tho arid region, whero they
havo given bettor results than any
other crop. Tho arid section has been
enablo to copo with with other sec
tions of the country whoro tho crops
havo been produced by natural rain
fall, not In tho nmount of tonnngo
per acre, but in tho higher sugar con
tents and tho purity of beet
Farmers Using Telephones.
WYMORE, Neb., April 30. Lewis
Denny, superintendent of construction
for tho Nebraska Telephone company,
has arrived with n largo force of men
nnd will proceed to build a lino into
tho rich farming country onst of town.
Moro than a dozen of tho best farmers
in what Is known as tho Kinney
neighborhood havo Blgned contracts
for 'phonos. A lino will also bo ex
tended into Sicily township. Indica
tions nro that within a year all tho
farmers within ton miles of Wymoro,
east, south and west, will be con
nected with tho city oxchangi).
Fires Under Control.
HYANNIS, Nob., April 30. Tho
pralrio fires that for four days havo
been raging over this section of tho
stato aro now nearly under control.
Only ono head fire is still doing much
damage. It Is south of the town of
Mullen. It Is reported that tho sta
bles and sheds of soveral Cherry
county ranchmen wore burned, thoso
of tho Rosoberry brothors being a
comploto loss. Dolmer & Gullfoll wcro
probably tho heaviest losors In Grant
county. It Is difficult to estimate the
amount of dnmago done.
Disastrous l'rnlrlo Fires.
VALENTINE. Nob., April 30.
Word received from tho southwestern
part of this county is to tho effect
that disastrous prairie fires aro rag
ing there, thnt tho buildings of one
cattlo ranch have been entirely wiped
out, and that other ranches nro threat
ened. DotailB aro very mcagnr.
Fanning Land Hells Well.
HEBRON, Neb., April 30. At n ref-
orco's salo of real cstato hold In this
city a quarter Bectlon of land located
In tho southwestern part of Thayor
county was bid In at $0,000.
Narrow Kscupo of Family.
WYMORE, Neb., April 30. Mr. and
Mrs. George Hicks and four children
had a narrow escnpo from death by
poisoning. Wednesday ono of tho
small children found a pnekago of
Rough on Rats and It is presumed
spilled somo of It Into tho Hour barrel.
Later In tho day bread was baked
nnd nt breakfast tho family, nftcr par
taking of It, wero taken violently 111.
A physlclnn was called and brought
thorn out of danger.
BEET CULTURE BOOMING
ROCK ISLATD WINS ITS SUIT.
Maximum Freight Law Is Again Declnred
Unconstitutional.
OMAHA, April 29. Judges Sanborn
nnd Mungcr, tho formor of tho United
States circuit nnd tho latter of tho
United States district court sustnlned
tho demurrer of tho plaintiff in tho
suit of F. L. Prout, nttorney general,
against tho Chicago, Rock Island &
Pacific Railroad company, brought to
.recover fines nnd ponaltlcs aggregat
ing J 130,000 on nccount of alleged vio
lations of tho mnxlmum freight rato
law passed by tho loglslnturo during
tno session of 1893.
As a result of tho sustaining of
tho demurrer tho attorney general is
restrained from commencing suits nnd
from prosecuting thoso horotofor.
commenced in order to enforce tho
provisions of tho law. which, Is hold
to bo unconstitutional and void.
Shortly after tho passago of tho
maximum freight rato law an attempt
was mndo by tho stato board of trans
portation and Georgo H. Hastings,
then attornoy general, to carry out its
provisions. To prevent this tho Un
ion Pacific, Northwestern and Burling
ton Railroad companies took tho mnt
ter Into court An ndjudlcatlon was
finally reached in tho United Stntcs
supremo court, whoro it was held that
tho law was unconstitutional. A por
mnncnt Injunction went out.
Tho suit against tho Rock Island
was not tried at that time, but wns
handed down as ono of the assots of
tho office, passing to C. J. Smyth, who
becamo his successor. Tho cases
against tho othor roads belnir in liti
gation nnd farther advnnccd than that
against tho Rock Island, was not
reached by Attornoy Smyth. By him
it was passed to his successor, Frank
L. Prout, the present attornoy gen
eral. In their opinion tho Judges clto tho
formor enscs nnd tho decision of tho
supremo court, holding tho law un
constltutlonnl, taking tho position that
tho suit was brought to punish tho
defendant for falling to oboy a lnw
hold Invalid. An injunction is ordor
od to issuo nnd tho stato Is given tho
customary tlmo in which to perfect
its appenl.
OUR SHOW AT BUFFALO.
The Nebraska. Kxhlhlt Will Not llo of n
Very Crcdltnblo Character.
LINCOLN, Neb., April 29. Tho
prospects for Nebraska making nny
ndequnto or representative showing nt
tho Buffalo exposition this summer
nnd fall aro far from promising, not
withstanding tho fnct that tho legls
latcuro mado an npproprintion of $10,
000 for that purpose.
Such nt lenst Is tho Impression gath
ered from n talk with Hon. E. L.
Vnnco of Pawnee City, recently ap
pointed by Governor Dietrich to havo
chargo of Nebraska's oxhlblt and of
tho expenditure of tho $10,000.
Mr. Vnnco has Just returned from
a hurried trip to Buffalo, whero ho
went to comploto preliminary arrange
ments for tho Instnllatlon of tho ox
hlblts which aro to bo mndo for tho
purposo of advertising Nebraska. Tho
fair will bo formnlly opened, Mr.
Vnnco snys, on May 20. Owing to tho
short tlmo Intervening, ho says, nnd
also becnuso of tho small aprpoprla
tion, it has been decided Impossiblo
to erect a Nebraska building nnd tho
stato exhibit will bo made, thoreforo,
in tho various departments. For
this purposo Mr. Vnnco has succeeded
In securing but 1,100 squnro feet of
space, COO In a corner of tho agricul
tural building nnd COO in a corner of
tho horticultural building. No snaco
could bo obtained for an educational
exhibit, nor for a showing of tho
state's various commercial and man
ufacturing Interests.
NO THOUGHT OF f OUL PLAY.
No New Hensatlon In Death of A. a.
I.lnstruin.
YORK, Nob., April 29. Tho effort
to crento a sensation out of tho trnglc
death of A. G. Llnstrum seems a lit-
tlo far-fotched. While the construc
tion of tho verdict of tho corner's Jury
Is a llttlo pecullnr, thero remains no
doubt ns to tho fact that tho deceased
camo to his death by his own hnnd.
It is said that a daughter hysteric
ally romarked that her mother was
tho causo of her father's death, but it
is claimed sho had no grounds othor
than that tho wife and husband had
heretofore quarruled. Tho county nt
torney, F. C. Power, lias taken no
steps toward an Investigation and ho
has not been solicited to do so. nor
has nny Informntlon been given him
for this purposo, so for tho present
nt least, under tho circumstances, so
far as known, tho public will accept
tho verdict of suicide.
Uastlngs Is Interested.
HASTINGS, Nob., April 29. Tho
Commercial club was calcld in spe
cial meeting for tho purposo of as
certaining what had boon done in re
gard to securing tho location at Hast
ings of tho grand lodgo building of
tho Ancient Order of United Work-
mon. This mnttor will bo sottlod nt
tho noxt meeting of tho grand lodge,
which will bo held on Mny 1C nt Ne
braska City. Hastings is very much
lQ.torestcd in the project.
WHAT IS FAIR TEADE?
SCHEME TO CUT DOWN OUR
BIG TRADE BALANCES.
Bconorato Theorists Urge Increa.cd I'nr-
ehases of Foreign (loods In Order That
Oar Kxports nnd Imports Mny Counter
balance Kch Other.
Free trado newspapers nro quoting
with omphalic approval tho vlowa ex
pressed in tho speech of tho Hon.
Goorgo E. Roberts, director of tho
mint, dcltvorod recently beforo tho
Bankers' Club, of Chicago. Their for
rent admiration of Mr. Roberts un
doubtcdly springs from tho bollof on
tholr part that ho is nn ox-protectlon-lst
who has noon tho error of his ways
and Is now anxious to be enrolled as
an ardent advocate of frcor trado, if
not of absoluto froe trade. Tho fact
that in his Chicago speech Mr. Roberts
said not ono word which dlroctly or by
Implication could bo construed as In
Jijr manner recognizing the part
played by protection In bringing nbout
n roturn of prosperity seems to havo
been aecoptcd by tho froo trado and
Bomi-protocttonlflt press as sure proof
of his altcrod economic opinions. In
this it is possible that too much is
takon for grantod. It should not bo
forgotten that Mr. Roberts was talk
ing to nn assemblage of financiers
and mon who make money by dealing
In money. It was pleasant for tho
bankers to bo told by tho director of
tho mint thnt "our success has bean
obtained by tho superior uso of capi
tal, by tho massing of capital, by tho
substitution of invostod capital for la
bor whorover an oconomlc gain could
bo made."
If Mr. Roborts did not think it nec
essary to add that tho reclamation of
tho homo markot to tho control of tho
domestic producer had been a factor
of somo potency in tho problem of
building up tho greatest prosperity the
world has ever known, It was, perhaps,
because ho thought that It wns not
worth whllo to stato a thing so ob
viously and unmistakably true. Still,
when wo aro engaged In writing his
tory It Is somotlmcs thought desirable
to make mention of facta and events of
oven so trivial Inconsequcncoas tho part
played in our oconomlc transformation
by tho election In 1896 of a protection
ist president nnd the swift ennctmont
of a protectlvo tariff law. Although
speaking to financial mon only, Mr.
Roborts might havo been pardonod had
ho permitted himself to alludo to theso
Immaterial details. But ho did not tnko
tho risk.
Tho portion of Mr. Roberts' Chicago
address which has sot tho nerves of
freo tradors tingling with ngrccablo
excitation Is that In which ho Bald:
"Our exports last year exceeded
those of tho United Kingdom, nnd no
other country npproachod either. Our
trndo balances nro so great that to at
temptto colloctthom in cash would ruin
our customers nnd Involvo tho world,
including ourselves, in disaster. In the
last throo years their aggrogato has
equaled tho sum of all tho gold In all
tho banks and treasuries of Europe,
including tho British Isles. No wondor
forolgn governments havo como lioro to
placo tholr loans. A nation with tho
power to amnss such credits as theso
becomes of nocesslty a trador and in
vestor in all parts of the world. Wo
are out to sny, for wo novor can bring
our belongings homo. This is an ex
panslvo and cheerful outlook. It is
assuring and Inspiring. It means a
broader footing under our industries
and security from tho reactions of a
restricted mnrkct. It means moro in
timate relations abroad and n larger
part in all tho affairs of tho world.
Such a development of national im
portance has moral and intellectual
benefits as well; it will enlarge tho
notional vlow; it will broaden tho na
tional character; it will dignify the
national life. As wo strive to extend
our trade wo shall moot prejudices, and
n overcoming thorn surrender somo of
our own. We shall arouso antago
nisms and have to conclllato thorn; en
counter stubborn foes and have to
placate or retaliate, as tho occasion
soeros to roqulro. In tho long run, tho
policy of a great commercial and ex
porting people must bo fair trade and
reciprocity."
Fair trade and reciprocity! That Is
the doctrlno, is it? Truly It has u
leasing sound and may bo spoken
trippingly on the tongue. Quito capti
vating as an ldoa it Is, too, on the faco
of it Fair trado has been a phraso to
conjure with. Sir Robert Peel used it
fotohinely, nnd so did Richard Cobdon.
Does the director of tho mint, a former
adherent of tho school which believes
that froo trado is tho farthest posslblo
thing from falrnoss, accopt fair trado
In tho British senso: "Buy in tho
cheapest and soli in the dearest mar
ket." Mr. Roberts did not stop to
explain what ho meant by fair trado
and reciprocity. Another unimportant
detail not thought to bo worthy of
Otentlon, presumably. If fair trade
and reciprocity mean anything In a
country situated as tho United States
is, it means that we must buy from
foreign countries as much as we sell
to them. It means froo Interchange of
products nnd no tariff, oxcopt for rev
enue and on articles which we do not
produce; certainly no tariff for pro
tection. That Is what fair trado and
reciprocity mcnnB to tho foreign man
ufacturer who Is trying to break into
tho American markot; that Is what it
means to tho Now England Freo Trado
Leaguo and to tho general body of
American Cobdenltes, But Is thnt what
It means to Mr. Roborts and tho ex-
protcctlonlsts nnd seml-protectlonlsts
who are quoting hlra so approvingly?
Peeplo sometlmos ubo phrases without
stopping to Inquire as to their full
significance. Possibly this Is tho roa
son why so much la hoard nowadays
about fair trado and reciprocity.
EXPORT PRICES.
Why Rome (loods Are Hold dies per
Abroad than nt Home.
Any fool can ask questions, nny
Idiot ran utter a falsohood, and nolther
tho question nor tho falsehood can bo
answered without Investigation, re
quiring sometimes much caro and
tlmo. For tho past throo months our
Freo Tradors havo rung tho changes
on tho ncciiBatlon that our manufactur
ers wcro selling their products abroad
at a much lower prlco than in tha
homo mnrkot This accusation has
been mado, as most Freo Trndo stato
montB nro, In general without any at
tempt at specific names or amounts.
Tho fow Instnnces of guesswork havo
been so ridiculous as to desorvo no no
tice This question of export discounts
wns thoroughly investigntod ton yoars
ago, and we nro no moro afraid of it
now than wo wcro at that tlmo, when
It proved to bo tho biggest kind of a
bugaboo. Until a thorough investiga
tion Is made by a competent autho
rized coramlttoo, with powor to sum
mon and question reliable witnesses,
no ono can wholly affirm or deny
statcmonts In general or in particular.
In tho meantlmo thore nro phases of
tho subject that will bear discussion.
For the sako of argumont let us sup
pose that our manufacturers do dls
poso abroad of tholr Biirplus stock or
any of their stock at cut rates. Is this
not a universal rulo of trado? Does
not every merchant have bis "clear
ance salo?" Aro not unseasonable and
Bhopworn goods mnrkod down "below
cost?" Are not stalo and damaged'
products sold away under regular
pricos, frequently bolow coat of pro
duction? Is it anything rare for our
great stores to put a certain article
or articles on salo nt or bolow actual
cost to attract customers, who will buy
paying articles in euch quantities ob
to make up for the small loss? To in
troduce a new product does not tha
raakor put it at a vory low prlco, or.
In fact, glvo away samples at first, till
tho pcoplo havo proved Us merits?
Thero is ono firm in tho state of Now
York which gavo awny last year ovor
1,000,000 samplo ' bottles of modiclno.
Besides tho cost of tho medicine was
tho cost of tho bottles and postngo and
tho work of bottling, packing, ship
ping, addressing, etc., nnd yet that
firm charged fifty cents nnd $1 a bottlo
for tho snmo medlclno.
Thoso nro nil fair and legitimate ex
pedients of trndo. If an Amorican
manufacturer, In ordor to lntroduco a
mnchlno, or tool, or rail, or anything
else into a new mnrkot, as an induce
ment makes n spoclnl prlco or dis
count on n trial order, putting tho
article at cost or porhaps bolow coat,
nnd bolng willing to pocket his loss
for tho sako of futuro trado and pro
fits, Is It nnybody's business, and
must ho soil at the samo prlco to hla
established trado, which would mean
that he would soon soli to no ono at
any prlco? Certainly Amorican labor,
tho basis of all prosperity, is not tho
losor by nn oporatlon which provides
Increased employment in Amorican
mills and factories.
Has any but n blind Freo Trader
nny idea that our manufacturers nro
going to habitually soil their products
at a loss unless for some good trade,
reason? Theso roasons are four, and
no more; To get rid of surplus stock;,
to got rid of undesirable stock (stale,
unseasonable, damaged or out of date);
to lntroduco new goods; to lntroduco
goods Into a now market. So much
for tho export price.
But Free Tradors assert that Pro
tection enables tho manufacturer to
oxtort exorbitant prices nt homo far
in excess of what 1b a roasonnblo
profit Wo do not need any investigat
ing committee to eottlo this question
for us. Every man Is cnpablo of Bot
tling it for himself. And thero is not
an honest man in any part of tho
United States today but must ac
knowledge that ho can buy nny and
every necessary thing cheaper, con
sidering quantity and quality, than
ever beforo in his life. It doos not
matter If steel rails are a llttlo higher
it costs less to ride and less to Bond
freight on tho railroad than ovor Ixs
forc. It docs not matter if structural
iron or wire nails aro somewhat high
er; it costs no moro to buy or ront a
houso. It docs not matter if wool or
leather fluctuate In price; clothing
and shoes wero never bo reasonable in
prlco. The advertisements in the dally
papers prove this statement. Com
pare prices with those of flvo years
ago under Free Trade, with ton years
ago, with twenty years ago, with any
past year, and It will bo found that
the same qualities of goods for wear or
use were nover so cheap as now.
Why?
Our grand home markot, built up
by Protection, makes such an enor
mous demand that commodities are
turned out by the thousands Instead
of the hundreds. No one will question
that n thousand pairs of shoes can be
mado per pair cheaper than a dozen
or a hundred pairs. That Is why
everything is cheaper today, and that
Is why more people are employed In
spite of tho Increased use of labor
saving machinery.
Bo this rovlvcd bugaboo of tho
Freo Traders, with a grain of truth
and a mountain of falsehood, will fall
by Us own wolght Tho moro light
turned on It, tho morn ridiculous it
will nppenr. Protectionists will sever
hesltato to discuss prices any oro
than they do wages.
Tho cold winter in tho Adirondack
killed moro deer In tho past season
than the entire multitude ut hunters
did last fall.