OUR COMMERCIAL AND TERRITORIAL EXPANSION.
AMERICA'S GREAT NEED
, OF PHILIPPINE ISLANDS.
I
1 Grouped around Mnnlla a a point of distribution Is the most densely popu
lated part of the world. More than 800,000,000 people form the population of
Japan, Asiatic Russia, Olilnn, French Cochin China, Slam, Hrltlsh India, Aus
tralasia, the Dutcli Hast Indies, etc., all of which are nearer to Manila as a
point of distribution than to any other great commercial center, while such cities
as Shanghai, Canton and others arc as near to Manila as Havana. Is to the city
of Now York.
The question, "What will be the effect upon the commerce of the United
States by our possession of the Philippine?" Is answered as follows4.
i First They can supply n large proportion of tho $350,000,000 worth of tropical
and sub-tropical products which this country Imports annually. The sum can
fib us be expended under the American Hag and for the benefit both of the people
(V the Islands and those of, our own citizens having Investments in the Islands.
SecondThey will supply an Immediate market for from $30,000,000 to $50,
gjDOO of American products and manufactures annually, and twice this sum
Third By far the most Important feature of these Island acquisitions in the
Pacific Is their prospective effect upon our trade with tho countries commercially
adjacent to them, and especially to the Philippines. The Import of the countries
commercially adjacent to tho Philippines amount to about $1,200,000,000 annu
ally, or practically $100,000,000 per month. Nearly all of these Importations are
of tho classes of articles for which the people, of the United States arc now at
tempting to find a mnrkot.
Tho commerce of this half of the world's population, of which Manila may be
made the great commercial center, now amounts to more than $2,000,000,000 per
annum, and Its onnual purchases to about $1,200,000,000 per annum, or, as above
indicated, practically $100,000,000 per month. Practically nil of this vast sum
Which Is sent to other pnrts of the world than the United States is expended for
the class of goods for which the people of this country are now seeking n innrkct.
ttou nnd cotton goods, breadstuff, provisions, dairy products, manufactured of
Inn and steel nnd wood, the products of the farm nnd factory, uru demanded by
toe peoplo of thnt part of the world.
Referring to the need of supplying our
own tropical products It may be well to
call attention to the value of such Im
ports In the years 1805 and 1000. They
were:
Year. Value.
1805 " $315,707,008
1000 351,353,240
Included In this are Indigo, rice, sugar,
pices, hemp, cofTee, ten, rubber, fruits,
certain woods and such products which
can only come from the tropica. They
can be produced In tho Philippines In
sufficient quantities to supply nil Amer
ican requirements.
Within tho last fifty years there has
been an nwakcnlng in tho Orient. Japan
lifts become modernized and China is cer
tain to be opened In large degree to west
cm enterprise. The total trade of tho
Far East, Australasia and the Islands
of the Pacific last year was as follows:
Conntrr. Imports.
British KnstIniHcs.S221.MS.no3
Urttlsh AustraluHla 277.870,000
China ll)3,'.'0n,O00
apnn 110.2(10,000
Btralt Hcttloinents lOlUi.VS.OOO
Dutch Hast Ir.ille. GIU.IH.OOO
Ilustln, Astatic 2t,r.7U,000
Clam )D,:iHl,uoo
l'hlllpplno Islam). 2,'I00,00)
Hawaiian Islands,, in.200,000
Mauritius in,oio,ooo
l'ersla 2B.4Tfl.00i)
Ceylon 20,722,003
Hongkong 10.000,000
French Hast Indies 701,000
Korea ,., 8,088.000
Export.
13015.2 17,000
278,703,000
U2,023,000
107.4CO.OOO
07,822,000
80,081.000
20,450,000
25.280,0110
10,270,000
2.1,000,001)
15,052,000
18,0.71.000
14,041,000
10,000,001)
a.083,000
2,482,000
Total Asia and
Oceanlca ..,.tl,Ur,SOO,000l,230,12l,000
Mosl of the American export trade
with Asia Is with countries bordering on
tho Pacific. The shipments of American
merchandise to tlictie countiica. linn In
creased enormously. How much the sub
joined figures show:
EXPORTS TO ASIA .
1805. 1000.
Japan $4,034,717 $20,087,042
Chinese Empire,. a,(iO'),810
Hongkong (IJr)... 4,253,040
B. East Indies... 2,853,041
15,258,748
8,485,088
4,81)2,323
1,534,140
207,587
3,050,102
'137.310
120,005
29,202
Dutch East Ind.. 1,147,315
French East Iud.
00,130
201,037
'Asiatic Russia...
Russian China...
Corsa
German Ohlnn...
But it is not alone to Asia that our ex
ports are expanding. The same Is equal
ly true an to Oceanlca. Our exports to
Australasia are nearly three times us
large as they were In 1805; to Havana,
four times as large; to tho Philippines,
twenty times as largo. Tho details of
those exports follow:
EXPORTS TO OOEANICA
Brit. Australasia. $0,014,208 $2(1,725,702
Hawaiian Islands 3,723,057
Philippines 110,255
French Oceanlca, 252,051
Tonga, Samoa, etc
Flgl, etc
Guam . ......
13,500,148
2,010,440
323,138
14(1,207
22,281
13,247
Germ. Oceanlca..
10,005
Total $18,100,231 $13,300,027
Wo aro using moro nnd more of tho
products of our Island possessions every
year. Hawaii, which was developed bv
American capital, shows an amazing In
crease In exports to tho United States,
When quiet Is fully restored In the Phil
Ipplnes and when Porto ltlco Is fully re
covered from the hurd times Incident to
Spanish rule, thero will certainly bo a
corresponding growth In what those si
nnd buy from Americans, the, products
both of our farms and factories. Our
Imports from these three possessions In
luuo and 11WD were:
rraports from 1805. 1000.
Porto Rico $1,510,512 $3,078,415
Hawaii 7,888,001 20,707,003
Philippines 4,731,300 5,071,208
Total $14,130,830 $20,757,520
The Philippines have never been devil
oped and not only can they nrodueo nnv
thing and everything In nbundance which
grows In the tropics, but they are known
to nave deposits of coal, Iron ore, copper,
gold, sliver and other minerals.
Tho acquisition of tho Islands Is a fact
accomplished. Wo have not to ask
wnetner we shall expnnd wo hnve only
id ciyuHu iuu possiuimica or mo Islands
THE RECORDJM NUTSHELL.
Here is tho rocord of the three years
under thu Dlngley law, compared with
tho three preceding years under the Wll
son law:
Decrease in Importation of
jnanutacturcs . .,' $120,880,700
Increase in importation of
manufacturers' material.. 113,410,200
Increase In exportation of
manufacture , 373,201,000
WHERE WE LEAD.
Tlio United Htntcs In now tlio
world's greatest producer or
iron, stool nnd coal, as well an
of copper, cotton, breadstuffs,
provisions and many other
article entering Into tlio dully
requirement of man.
Ifff fffff? W VVVTVVvv
j:XPANSIONIMAPr- WITED'STATES.
, L "sss'Wo cm.) Original
Je"tJ I ' i (Area 521,652,000 acres J 5?
VALUE OF EXPORTS
UNDER TWO TARIFFS
Protection Assures Manufacturers Their
Hone Market and Exports Follow.
Tlio avowed purpose of the free raw
material clause of the Wllson-Gorinan
tariff law was to "stimulate manufactur
ing." Instead of "stimulating" It. the law all
but strangled It. Millions of wngo earn
ers wero driven out of employment. Soup
houses were opened. Free Dread and
Free Olothea were tho Democratic watch
word. With our Industries revived by a pro
tective tariff, manufacturing both for
homo innrkcts and for export has attain
ed a degree ot prosperity never before
known In the United States.
In proof of this the following statement
has been prepnred showing the exports
of principal manufactured articles under
three years of low tariff nud protection,
respectively:
AM 12 IHG AN EX POUTS.
KUcal years FUonI years
mm, i8i)u
and 180T.
(Under Wll
Articles, son law.)
1808. 1800
and 1000.
(Uuder Dlng
ley law.)
Total manufac
tures IG89,252,3ia
Iron nud steel
manufactures... 1.10.05.T3S
11,002,073,800
235,070,200
Mineral oils, re-
nned lsi.'.-.'a.iai
170,502,033
Cupper nud niaiiu-
farturcs of QS.gOO.OX!
Leather aud mnu.
127,023,300
71,800,433
01,511,007
facturea of D3.01H.O0!)
Cotton urn manu
factures of .... 01,001,831
Agricultural im
Diemeuts i&.kju.oso
80,130,813
31,805,032
Chcmlciils a u d
ilrUES 21.C01.003
wood
mauufuc
tures 22,203.008
30,014,482
21,437,000
I'uranin 12,033,551
l'aper and manu
factures ot 8,232,203
17,188,007
Which is best for American labor?
Commercial expansion or commercial
stagnation?
To protect our homo markets and glvo
manufacturers a chance to go Into tho
markets ot tho world, or to throw every
thing wide open by a treo trade tariff
nnd have the manufacturers ot tho world
Hooding our markets with their cheap la
bin- goods?
I EXPANSION IN
THE PAST
Our exports liavo nearly dou
bled slnoo 1800.
Our Imports have slightly In
creased In tlio iimo time.
Huoh Is the record of com
mercial expansion under the
fostering care of tho present
administration.
Tim Treasury Department
has lust issued a statement of
tlu Imports and axports of the
United States for tho manth of
Beptembor, together with a
statement of tho Import and,
exports for the period of nlno
months ending September 30,
for a aeries of years.
No stronger argument In
favor of holding our mvrn
markets by the application of
tho principle of protection, and
then Booking tho world's mar
kets, has ever boon matlo.
According to tho statement
issued tho Imports and exports
during September were as fol
low! September, 1000.
Kxports $110,034,210
Imports 50,502,1100
Kxccss of Kxports $ 50,071,004
For tho nlno mouths ending
September 110, 1000, the show
ing l equally gratifying. Thus:
'context cTS L o
444444O44444440
I AS TO ISLAND
What American Would Give Up the Fruits of Our Former
Expansion Which Gave Us Such Big Returns
from So Smal! an Investment ?
Carried to their logical conclusion, Mr. IJrynn'a Ideas about abandon
ment of the Philippines would Involve tho retrocession of Florida and our
domain west of tho Mississippi river to the original owners, and presum
ably by thorn back to the Indians.
Let us ask a fair, straight iiucstlon:
As an American would you glvo up one foot of thnt territory?
The question scarcely needs -the asking, and yet every Ktnge ot nnturol
growth wax opposed ns strenuously as the llryanltes have opposed the
retention of tho Philippines,
Tho cost of these itddltlons to tho country and the value of property now
in the laud so acquired arc below:
Cost.
Louisiana purchase $15,000,000
Florida cession 5,000,000
Oregon eountry us recognised by various
treutleu
Texas, Mexican cession, Oadsden purchase. 41,000,000
Alaska 7,200,000
$08,200,000 ?10,109,541,204
Property produced by.
There Is ten billion dollars and more from nn investment of sixty-eight
million dollars.
A few years from now when American onterprlse hns full away In the
Philippines, whon pence Is wholly restored and property Is safe, a similar
era of development will follow there, nnd tlio idea of abandonment will be
ridiculed oven by tho Uryonltes,
444444444444440ft.4444
"NOT IMPERIALISM,"
"Men who use their brains to think with are not to bo bullied by phrases.
'Imperialism,' for Instance. The Philippines are In point. A splendid naval
victory has made us masters there. That Imperialism which means tba
spreading of American power, frco Institutions, human happiness, Is not
Imperialism to be feared by anybody who has faith In the vitality of this
republic, und confidence In the Democratic principles on which It Is found
ed." Hearst's New York Journal, Democratic, July 1, 1808,
44444k444444444444444
TRADE FOR
NINE MONTHS.
RKPUI1LICAN.
Nine months ending Septem
ber 00, 1000.
Kxports $1,031,080,401
Imports 024,401,000
Kxcest Exports ..$ 407,224,800
Compare this with the record
of tho llrst nine months of
1800, when Democratic theo
ries ot foreign trade woro put
Into practice; when a low tariff
stimulated Imports, and when
the Idloness of American fac
tories was a damper to our ox
ports. This record Is as fol
lows! BKMOCKATIC
Nine months ending Septem
ber 30, 1805: ,
Import. $001,043,130
Kxports 007,027.400
Excess Imports 43,110,073
Thnt, In a nutshell, Is tho dif
ference between Domoorntlo
theory and Republican prac
tice. While our exports have
NEAKIjY DOUHIjKD, our I in
ports aro but slightly more
than they wero In Democratic
days, nn.l tho Increase Is en
tirely duo to tho greater de
mand for manufacturers' ma
terials which aro used In our
busy mills whore American
labor is actively employed at
good wages.
Control jemtnfa
Jut Brunrmmc Atrr. IBSO.
mu'tboJt rtrd to "Cojiitof ctortmed"'
ABANDONflENT
Property Value,
50,737,:) 10,701
182,r33,l38
817,310,088
8,2(11,724,507
200,000,000
SAYS A DEMOCRAT.
COMMERCIAL EXPANSION
AND WHAT IT MEANS TO US
"Our trade balances can not fall to rIva satisfaction to ttio peoplo ot
tho country. In 1808 wo sol abronrt $015,4:12,070 of prodnuta more than
vro bought abrnnd; In 181)0 $520,874, 8111, and In 1O0O $044,471,701,
making durlnit the thrae years a total balance la our favor of $1,080,
770,100 -nearly five times the balance of trade In our favor for tho wholo
period or 108 years from 1700 to Juno 00, 1807, Inclusive." Wllllaiu
MoKlaley.
Four great facts characterize tho foreign commerce or the United
States In tho yenr lOOOt
1. The total commeroo ef tho yenr surpasses by $817,720,200 thnt of
any preceding year, und for tho first tlino In our history exuoods $2,000,
OOO.OOO. 2. Tho exports excoed thoso of nny preceding year, and have been
more widely dlstrlhutnd throughout the world than over before.
3. Manufacturer' ninterlnls wero moro freely Imported than over bo
fore, and formed a larger share of the total Imports than on any former
occasion.
4. Manufactured articles were
and formed a much lnrgur share
occasion.
Our trade la 10OO compares with
Kxports
Imports
Total trade
Kxcessof Kxporti In 1000
Kxcens of Imports In 1804 ;
night In these two tables Is tho
the United Stntcs and of the benellt
As compared with 1804, our Imparts have docrunsed and our exports
have doub.eil.
Tho increase In exports has afTocted all classes of producers farmers,
manufacturers, lumbermen nud miners have all bad n uharo In builUlng
up th.s marvelous export trade of the United States. Tito lnuronse by
classes Is sliowu in the following tablet
I xports. 1804. 1000.
Agriculture $028, 303, 039 $835,012,002
Manufactures 183,728,808 432,284,300
Mining 20,440,008 38,007,000
Forest 28,000,020 02,300,484
Fisheries 4,201,020 0,280,004
Miscellaneous 4,400,044 4,082,142
The trade of the United States has grown with every largo and small
country ot the world. Kurops Is still our heaviest buyer, but Asia and
Oceania show tho greatest pcrcentauo or trado expansion. South Ameri
can business has developed tho least of nil. Tho exports to tho grand di
visions in 1801 aud 1000 wore:
Kxports.
Kurope
North Araerlcn..
South America..
Asia
Oceania
Africa
Imports from thoso snino grand divisions iu the two years named com
pare as follows: ,
Imports. . 1804. 10O0
Kurope , $205,077,380 $440,500,480
North America 100,002,050 120,030,870
Ssiith America 100,147,107 03,035,134
Asia 00,180,307 130,817,023
Oceania 21,457,023 34,500,042
Africa 3,407,338 11,217,110
- The expansion of American foreign trndo durlnir tho past threo yours
has been tho surprise and the envy of all other nations. American goods,
American energy, Amsrtcan onterprlse are usable in every part of tho
civilized world. Whether It bo In supplying food to Kurope, locomotives
to Jjlbnria, electrical goods and machinery to Australia, mining machinery
to South Africa, or bridging the Nile at Atbara, American goulus and push
is every whero to be soen.
Commercial expansion was begun uuder llepubllcan policies.
It thrives under Republican encouragement.
It enables homo manufacturers and etnyloyers generally to glvo oppor
tunities to huudreds of thousands of
It enablsn the producing classes to Und better and wider markets.
Do you want It to continue?
Do you want it to develop still more?
A vote for MoKlnloy and Koosevelt next month will bo an answer that
you do.
ADMIRAL WATSON
' DENOUNCES BRYAN.
Filipinos Would Be Quiet but
for This Election.
All that Remain Under Arms Are but
Guerillas and Bandits and Only a
Fraction of the Whole.
Hear Admiral Watson, late commander
of the American naval squadron in ori
ental waters, has returned to this coun
try, probably from his last cruise. lie
thinks tho time has come for him to
sneak more ns a citizen thnn as a naval
offlcer, and his opinion of the conditions
In the Philippines Is well worth reading.
lie says:
'T i.,n Innlflnir frtrwnnl tf tho risillt of
the presidential contest with anxiety snd
.loon Intorpit. for I know what It means.
not only to the future of our country as
a power among tne nations ot me worm,
but to luinilreus of tuousanus ot people
in v.o fnr.nwnv Phlllnnlncs. who wonder
If we are going to step aside and watch
their throats being cut oy tue lagaiog
tribes now In nrms against us.
"The great majority of the people of
those Islands look upon Agulnaldo nnd
his party as enemies. The cry only serves
to give them the thought of what will
happen If American protection of their
homes and lives is withdrawn.
"I would like to correct a misconcep
tion that exists In the minds of some peo
ple concerning the otllcers nnd men of
our army nnd navy. Can anybody be
Hevo that citizens who servo under our
flag, and who are genernlly known here
at home as poueeable and big-hearted
men, are going to change their whole na
ture ns soon as they get out ot sight of
the United States?
"Wherever In thoso Islands an army
post has been established for any length
of time the neighboring populntlous have
taken to heart the attitude ot our men
toward them, nnd have been swift to
show their gratitude,
moro freely exported than ever bofore,
of tho total exports than on any former
that of 1804 ns follows:
Value 1000.
Value 1804.
$004,001,022
803,140,572
81,047,130,104
..91,304, 180,071
840,71-1,070
.$2,243,001,041
$544,471,701
$237,140,050
story of tho commercial expansion of
of protecting our own industries.
1804
1000
$1,040,107,312
187,200,310
38,045,721
04,013,084
43B00,027
10,400,11,0
$700,870,822
1 10,003,212
33,212,310
20,872,701
11,014,182
4,023,850
men.
"Look at our own country. Has the
American Indian ever had any truer
friend than the soldier of Uncle Sam?
Times innumerable the army oftlccr has
stepped in to save the red man from Uio
rapacity ot the. civilian, aud If in tho
hearta of our Indians ihere has ever
grown up a feeling of loyalty and grati
tude to the United States, that feeling
hns been planted there by the American
soldier, once his bitterest and most re
lentless foe,
"The vast majority of the people aro
beginning to realize what American rulo
means. Once they were suspicious of us,
naturally enough, for the Spaniards had
lied to them for centuries. But they now
know that the word of an American offl
cer and of the. American President, from
whose authority that word flrst comes, is
as good as his bond.
"I have followed my flag In many coun
tries and on many seas. I have never
yet seen It stand for oppression or bad
faith with any peoplo, weak or strong.
Aud' I know that it doca not stand for
bad faith now."
PORTO RICO IS SATISFIED.
Dr. J. II. Ilollender, treasurer of tho
Island of Porto Rico, and formerly asso
ciate professor of economics ot the Johns
Hopklus University, delivered an address
to graduate students of the university
a few evenings ago, on the condition of
the island. After descrihlng the manner
of government nud the conditions of lo
cal self-government, he said:
"The condition of affairs Is hopeful,
and everywhere the best element of the
Island is rallying to the support of Mr.
McKlnley's administration. The feeling
Is growing among the people that the ad
ministration is doing its best to benefit
the Island. What Porto Rico needs Is
art Intelligent appreciation of tho real
conditions of Americans. I do not now
thluk that an Intelligent man could feel
that the Porto Rico tariff was anything
hut a necessary fiscal device. We need
$2,000,000 for the Island It wo aro to
accompusn anything. Tlio alternatives
of the tariff law were either a subsidy
from the United States, or else the pau
perization of the island. At the present
time If the alternatives were presented
of deriving the necessary money from di
rect taxation or from the tariff, tho de
cision would be overwhelmingly In favor
of the tariff. The discontent that once
existed was caused by tha delay that oc
curred lu taking any nctlon at all."
