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About The North Platte semi-weekly tribune. (North Platte, Neb.) 1895-1922 | View Entire Issue (March 8, 1900)
Pear Blight. Thin subject was canvassed consid erably at the annual meeting of ihi Horticultural Society of Northern Illi nois, held a(. Galvn, of which the Farmers' Review made a stenographic report The discussion ran as follows: Mr. Rue I have had some expe rience In pears nnd also In peaches. I had quite a, large crop this year, the first good crop I have had, although my trees nro young, perhaps, not more than seven years old. I have the Keiffer, the Scckel, the Dartlett, Lin coln, Duchess and some other varie ties, and have never lost a tree from blight except the Keiffer. Q. Whore Is your place? Mr. Hue Monmouth. I think the Keiffer Is of very flue quality. The question in my mind Ib whether it was blight or the borers, that was killing the tree. It would begin to die right at the body of the tree close to the ground, but I havo stopped that. Whether It Is tho blight or not, I don't lose any more pear trees that way. 1 went to mulching them with tobacco stoms. You know there is only one animal on the face of the earth that will touch tobacco. Tho last two sea sons I have done that and I "nave not lost any trees. Mr. Hartwell I am afraid you haven't the KcIITcr at all. Mr. Ingells I want to second this gentleman's statement In regard to llavor. I havo twelve bushels, and 1 don't think 1 ever tasted a better fla vored pear, according to my notion. They are u winter pear and not fit to eat until tho middle of November. Mr. Hartwell What about tho blight question? Mr. Ingells 1 havo several varie ties, and all of them have blighted ex cept tho Keiffer. Mr. Wurt Wo have somo Kclffers In our nursery. This year one of our Kclffers blighted real bad on three different IlmbB. It was about six years old. Wo had some five or six other kinds along tho same rows that did not show any blight. I never saw It In the Keiffer before. That Keiffer blighted near the ground, but there were no borers In It. I have never seen borers working in a pear tree. This Keiffer was very full of pears and some of the others were just the same. Mr. Johnson I havo some of the Keiffer pear, and I havo had but very little blight, although I am aware that they do blight occasionally for some. reason. When it comes to the ques tion of blight I don't know much more than I did forty or fifty years ago. Blight may bo due to some surround ing condition of the soil which we cul tivate, and we have got to bo exceed ingly close observers to ascertain the whys and wherefores. We have an old Standard pear orchard in Hancock county, where I live, that has stood In sod for more than thirty years to my knowledge, and It Is bearing well. That is a rather different view from what tho essayist claims to have ob Herved, but I am not prepared to say that both are not correct. It may be that In the locality where those trees stand in tho sod they are well enough off, and It may bo that in other local! ties they would not do well without cultivation. But 1 do bellevo we are warranted In making an effort to grow fruit in a wider range of latitude and territory than we have ever done. feel more encouraged today to plant than I ever did. I planted 1.0Q0 win ter apples this spring. Mr. Sovcrhill. I wish I could know to a certainty whether those young pear trees were the Keiffer pear or whether they were bougnt for Keif fer pears. I bought and set out what I supposed was tho Keiffer pear. They blighted and all died and they told me I didn't havo tho Keiffer pear at all. I got somo fruit off the trees and after I got the Keiffer, I becamo satisfied that the first lot wero not the Keiffer, any of them. Since I set out the Keif fer pear I have not had a limb blight I sot out tho Idaho and they proved to be the Keiffer, but they have never blighted any. I havo a treo of Flora ish Beauty that has borne for the last fifteen years, has not made a failure in that time of bearing from three to fif teen bushels every year. I set out half n dozon at tho same time, but that is the only one left. Mr. Humphrey Bacteria is not the cause of blight. Any one In examining the lino of blight In an apple treo or a pear treo I am sure would find bac teria, but my notion is that state was secondary. If that blight generally of pear and apple trees cornea in those varieties that have large sap ducts nnd In this climate, where they stand in rich soli, if there comes a rush of rain and the growth la rapid and tho vessels at the terminal growth arc gorged, with crude sap sufficiently to start tho growth with great vigor, these vessels being gorged, burst and tho sap oozes out nnd sours. That is tho cause of blight, I think. That bo- comes a culture ground for bacteria The primary cause was the bursting of the gorged vessols. Mr. Barnnrd Mr. Friend speaks of blight attacking the root of tho tree Has any one hore had nny experience In blight appearing anywhere except in tho top of the tree? Dr. Humphrey It might blight near the ground If the sap oozed out of the vessels. That is what causes the blight of the tree. Mr. Hartwell Havo you opened those cells and examined to find ovi donees of this kind of thing? Mr. Humphreys Ves. I have etudie'd up pretty conscientiously. Mr. Rue The pear trees I lost have not begun to bllrht at tho top. The body turns Wck. Is. the summer you cn see U. If you toko a knife and cut Mc i&e body you will find It is dying, but the top remains perfectly green. Ifr. Humphrey A caroful test has been mndo of the power exerted by tho r-np In ascending the veins. Mr. Hartwell. I think Dr. Pcnbody mado such an experiment. Ho bored n bole In tho body of tho tree, Inserted a tube of rubber, connected with that n long glass tube, that he filled with mercury nnd tho force of the sap lifted something like seventy Inches of the mercury. Dr. Humphrey. It will go up Into a tube forty feet at the end of n grapo vine. Mr. Rue. I havo been told that If you can get a pear treo ten or twelve ears old, If you can get It to live that long, there is not so much danger. Mr. Woodward. Tho pear treo runs very deep down in tho soil and tho deeper down It goes the more healthy the tree Is. I know n Flemish Beauty in Mnrcngo about twonty-flvo years old. It bears well every year. Mr. Bryant. Much depends on your soil. In a very fat soil such as I have, wo have put in a number of varieties of pears, some of them very rank growers, like some of those Russians, very subject to blight. Wo have a couple of Kclffers set the same time and they blighted, but as a rule they are pretty exempt from it in our vi cinity. Mr. Soverhlll's soli Is entirely different. It is a llzht soil mostly, much moro fnvorablo than somo of our fnt prairie land. Pansles need a great deal of mois ture, and will thrlvo with frequent drenchlngs. Sliaum Millet or .Itinilo Itlcc Shama Millet (Panlcum colonum) is a grass with much the appearance of barnyard millet, but 1b smaller In every way, with a simpler Inflorescence or "'head." It is common In the trop- Ical and sub-tropical regions of tho Old World, whero It Is n native, and Is widely Introduced In the other warm regions of the globe. In the United States it occurs chiefly in waste places nlong roadsides and ditches, mostly in the south. It Is quite abundant in parts of the southwest nnd also in Mexico. In India, Shama millet is ono of tho most valuable forage crops, and the seeds are used for human food. According to Church, this millet Is a no FJ.-ShMBB MlUet: a.fcr.d. ll!r(rnit Tlewi of iue j)iieii ana (jluinai.or cbali; t..two vlowa of uo -ea." poor food; it Is used In nomo places by a considerable number of laborers as a usual article of diet. In southeastern United Stntes this grass thrives on rich, moist soil, and, in places, affords considerable forage of excellent qual ity, but little effort hns been made to cultlvntc It. Several attempts to grow It In tho north have met with poor success. At the Cornell Experiment Station It made a fair showing, "re sembling poor specimens of Barnyard millet, reaching about a foot In height." One r Lincoln's Kind Aut. One summer morning, shortly before the close of tho civil wnr, the not un usual sight In Washington of an old veteran hobbling nlong could have been seen on a shady path that led from the executlvo mansion to the war office, said a writer in Harper's Round Table. The old man was In pain, and the pale sunken cheeks and vague far nway stare In his eyes betokened a short-lived, existence. Ho halted n moment, nnd then slowly approached a tall gentleman who was walking thoughtfully along. "Good-morning sir. I'm an old soldier, and would like to ask your advice." The gentleman turned, and, smiling kindly, Invited tho poor old veteran to a beat under a shady tree. There he listened to the man's story of how he had fought for the Union, and was severely wounded, lncapacitlng him for other work in life, nnd begged di rectlons how to apply for back pay duo him and a pension, offering his pa pers for examination. The gentleman looked over tho pa pers, nnd then took out a card and wroto directions on It, nlso a few words to the pension bureau, desiring that speedy attention be given to tho uppllcant, and handed it to him. The' old soldier looked at It, and with tears In his eyes, thanked tho tall gentleman, who, with a sad look, bade him good luck and hurried up the walk. Slowly tho soldier read tho card, again and then turned it oer to rend tho name of the owner. Moro tears welled In hla eyes when ho knew whom ho had addressed himself to and his- Hps muttered: "I am glad I fought, for him and tho country, for ho never forgets. God bless Abraham Lincoln!" A Discussion on Silage. (Condensed from Farmer' Review Stenographic Iteport of Missouri Dairy men's Convention.) Following a short talk on silage by- John Patterson, tho following discus sion took place: Q. How many persons In this room have had experience with silos? Soven persons held up their hands. Mr. Goodrich. It took a lot of ham mering for five years to get mo to build a silo; It Is a stave silo 14 feet in diameter and 30 feet deep. It Is set 14 feet In the ground and 1C feet above ground. Tho best thing to put Into a silo Is corn, and It should bo about as rlpo as wo havo It for shocking. If It is very dry you will have to moisten it to keep It from moulding. When put In too green It will Bour nnd not mnke sweet sllago. Of course It Is fairly good feed then, but Is not so good as when It Is sweet. The corn that I put In my sllo this year waB planted with tho rows thrco feet apart and tho grains 11 inches apart? in the row; this was Just ordinary corn and not the exceptionally largo. Some say use the sweet corn, but It Is the opin ion of others that the sweet corn will sour quicker than the ordinary corn. I feed about C pounds of clover and 8 pounds of wheat bran nnd SO pounds of sllago. Q. Have you over estimated how many pounds of corn there are in 30 pounds of silage? Mr. Goodrich. No, sir. Q. How many tons did you get per acre? A. It made 1C big loads to the acre, and I think that means about 1C tons. Q. How many bushels would that field havo given you? A. It would have yielded about 50 to "5 bushels per acre of ear corn. Q. Would you rather have Indian corn or Kafir corn for silage? A. I would rather have Indian corn lhan Kafir corn. I think that most of our corn is put Into the silo too green. I would rather have It too ripe than too green. Q. Do you tramp your sllago? A. Yes, sir. It is also ndvisable to keep It well tramped on the outside and keep it higher in the middle than on tho outside; then it will not settle toward the middle and draw nway from the outside. Q. Does freezing. hurt it? A. I do not think that It does; the sllnge Is always warm. Q. Do you cover your silage? A. No, sir; this year we Just put some oats on top and there are several inches of loose stuff on top of that; the cheaper this stuff is the better. Next to tho outside of the silo. It was spoiled down two or three feet. . Q. How many years have you used silage? A. This makes 7 years. Q. How much did your silo cost? A. About ?125 and holds 80 tons. Q. How many head of stock do you feed? A. I am now feeding 21 cows and we are feeding some to tho hogs and horses. Q. Does tho silage physic tho cattle? A. It is Inclined to do that, If it Is fed too heavily. My cows are small and so I only feed them 30 pounds each of silage per day. Large cows will eat more without harm, and somo of them will eat as much as 50 pounds per day. Q. How many acres of land does It take to produce the amount of corn you use In your silo? A. About 7 acres. Q. Would you mnkc any change If you wero going to build n now sllo? A. No; this kind pleases mo as well as any. Q. Did you have a practical man to build It? A. No, sir; I had n common car penter nnd had to explain to him how to build It. Q. Have you an Idea that If that corn had been carefully cut and shred ded It would havo carried your stock through the winter in the samo man ner as it would If put into the silo? A. I have never tried that. Q. Does the acid In tho silage hurt the teeth of tho cow? A. I have never hod nny trouble with It In thnt way. Q. If you were golngHo double your capacity would you. havo two like tho ono you now have or would you build one double tho capacity of the ono you now have? A. I would rather have two silos; for I could then use ono in the sum mer during tho dry season. Q. Have you ever had any silage kept over? A. No, sir; wo had ours all fed out last year by tho 4th of May. Will Wlirnt Production IJccrrano? Now and then' some smart statisti cian sits down and figures out that wheat-raising In the United States must become a thing of the past; thut It Is bound to sink to n point of minor Importance In tho scale of agricultural effort. They try to make us believe that tho largo volume of wheat wo have been able to pour Into the market of tho world was duo primarily to now lands that wo havo been constantly opening up, and that the moment we reached the limit of these lands our volume of wheat would begin to shrink. But wo do not thus read tho signs of tho times. Wo can but ndmlt that it tho pioneer method of farming were to remain tho result predicted by some would probably como about. Tho plan of skimming off tho ready plant food of the soil in the shape of grain was tho natural ono for tho pioneers to follow; but the pioneer movement being ended, now mothods nro coming In, These new methods have moro In store for the wheat-raiser than bo now dreams. Not only is there being made nn Improvement in tho soil condition in which tho wheat must grow, but there is being mado nlso a vast Im provement In tho wheat Beed. Many of our experiment stations are con ducting, year by year, experiments to nsccrtain tho productiveness of differ ent varieties of wheat, nnd they nre obtaining somo rcmarkablo results. They And thnt, under Identical condi tions, somo varieties yield far in excess of others. Tho general adoption of theso improved vnrletlcs means a con stant nnd yearly Increase of tho total crop. Moreover, varieties arc being tested for their rust-resletlng qualities, and some appreciable ndvanco Is being made. Tho losses from rust will ulti mately bo prevented, and that will mean another great Increase. But moro than this Is tho revolution that Is going on In tho soil conditions In which whent Is being produced. Land that has been exhausted by long years of wheat after wheat Ib being rejuvenated by well-planned rotations, in which wheat comes in onco in four or five yenrs. Instead of finding n soli in which tho nvnllablo plant food bas been cxaustcd, it finds a soil enrlchv.'! by tho decayed roots of tho legume) and other crops that havo preceded It. It Is true that tbl3 kind of farming is being adapted but slowly, but Its prog ress Is being ever accelerated. Tho scientific hnndllng of tho wheat crop la bound to become universal In this country. There nro fewer "clod-hopper" farmers than tho uninformed public supposes, nnd our farmers aro being stirred to now and hotter things. Wo ralso about thirteen bushels of wheat on nn ncrc, taklnc tho country as a whole, while moro than double that average Is being raised In Eng land. Wo will certainly sco tho time when tho average yield of vhoat in this country will at least parallel that of England. That would mean a crop In this country that would make our hitherto big crops look small. Wheat cannot bo dropped from our rotation for a number of reasons other than tho profit In tho crop, nnd Is certain to bo In tho future, as In tho past, one of America's great money crops. ltroom Corn Mltlat. Yearbook of tho Department of Ag- rlculturo for 1898: In tho United States tho term "broomcorn millet" Is at the present time generally applied to this old world grass (panlcum mlllaceum). It Is tho common millet Pta. tf.-Dro9cn-n Mll!tt a. b. ti l t-, vlnri of tin Ifft M tii elum, cr euftfft d nd t, two ifliwi or lb Md. of Europe, whero It has been cultivated for centuries. A "millet," regarded by most authorities as this species, Is mentioned by nenrly all the early writers on cultivated plants, nnd thoy seem to have boon extensively used us a grain in ancient times. It was used by tho Swiss lake dwellers of tho stono age, nnd has been found In tho remains of the lako dwellings In Italy. Tho nativity of this millet Is uncertain. Although It grows spontaneously throughout southern Europe and many parts of Asia and Africa, there aro apparently no really authentic cases of its having been found In a wild state. All tho early records speak of It as being cultivated. Somo think It originated in India and others favor Egypt and Arabia. It is grown at tho present tlmo not only In India, but In China and Japan, as well as through out southorn Europe and elsewhere In tho Mediterranean regions and north to central Europe. Although Intro duced into tho United States many years ago, it hns never been exten sively grown over any largo extent of territory, and at tho present tlmel5 much loss extensively grown than the foxtail millets. It has not met with favor in tho South, but in tho North west Is valued highly becauso of Its ability to maturo a crop of seed In the short dry season so often prevailing In that region, thus serving to somo extent as n substitute for corn. TVaililncton tho Idoal Comniunder. Washington, a great commander, had the genius for getting nil that was best out of tho men under him, hut tho work of organizing and disciplining tho army at Cambrldgo vob tho least of the troubles which confronted him when ho faced tho situation at Boston Moreover, ho knew all tho difficulties for ho not only saw them, but ho was never under delusions ns to cither pleasant or dlsagrocahlo facts. Ono of hlB greatest qualities was his absolute veracity of mind; ho always looked a fact of any sort squarely In tho face, and this is what ho saw when ho turn ed to tho task beforo nim. Senator H C. Lodgo In Scribnor's. Composition for House Roofs. Ono measure of flno sand, two at sifted wood ashes, and three of lime, ground un with oil. Mix thoroughly mid lay on with a painters brush, first a thin coat and then a thick one. This com position Is cheap and strongly resists lire. The Weedcr. The relation between agricultural manufacturers nnd producers Is a somewhnt nnomnlous one. Competi tion has been bo keen thnt Instead of simply following out tho wlBhcs of their customers, Implemont-makors hnvo been forced to anticipate them. Manufacturers havo not only been obliged to keep pace with modern mothods of Intensive ngrlculture, but havo had to make themselves hotter farmers than many who buy their goods. A tool that well Illustrates the point In question is tho wcedor, which unites tho qualities In a modified degrco of two or thrco earlier implement. It Is a harrow nnd cultivator combined, but with n flexibility and adaptability possessed by neither of thoso predo- ossors. These characteristics make It nn almost Ideal Implement for tho shallow and continuous cultivation eo nccessnry to the conservation of rao!st urc, and its adjustability Is such that It can bo adapted to any crop. Agriculturists nro agreed that the only economical way to destroy weeds is to kill them In infancy, which can bo dono by stirring the soil; but until the wcedor wns invented thlB meant back-breaking labor with the hoe, bo- causo tho old-fashioned hnrrowB were liable to tear out tho crop along with tho weeds. Tho wcedor can be so set that only the surfaco of tho soil Is Involved. Tills makes It of great advantngo whero planting is followed by heavy rains thnt pack the soli and form n rust through which It Is difficult for tho young plants to penetrate. It mny bo used to break up tho surface, and tho rapid growth which such culture encourages well repays tho fanner for tho extra labor, and be-sldcs by so doing he destroya tho germinating weed seeds beforo they havo a chance to compote with tho crop. It has been demonstrated that by tho uho of tho weedcr and cultivator a model corn crop enn be grown with out n stroko of hand labor. In central Illinois, where corn Is tho stnplo prod uct, such tools aro at a premium. In tho cultivation of sugar boots, onions and crop3 of a Uko nature that havo horctoforo demanded much hand work in tho way of wooding, tho weedcr is equally at home. Its tooth enn ho Bhlttcd or taken out, nnd this makes It adjustable to rows of any width. Prof. Goff of tho Wisconsin Experi ment Station has testified to Its vnluo In tho potato field and strawberry bed, whero It rarely Injures young plants. For this renson ho considers it prefer able to tho hoavlor, moro clumsy cmoothlng harrow. Orchnrdists In Michigan and else where hnvo found tho wcedor their best frlond. Mr. A. Morrill of Benton Harbor, who grows peaches exten sively, reported to tho Farmers' Ro vlow two years ago that ho would not know how to "keep house" without it, nnd that he need it moro than any other implement on his farm to keep tho soil friable and reduce weeds In hla orchard. Tho weeder has also been used In whent fields with great success. Prof. Goft llkewlso recommends Its uso In proparing a seed bed for plants that requlro a thoroughly fined and leveled surface, as onions, carrots, parsnips and tho like. Manufacturers do not claim that tho weedcr works ns well In stony or heavy clny Bolls as It doeB In pralrlo loam, but that could not bo expected of an Implement of Its light, dellcnto touch. It might well bo called tho "Iron hand," yet thnt term would not convey a fair ldoa of tho flexibility of its long steel fingers. It necessarily possesses tho defects of Its virtues, but In soils for which It was mudo nnd work for which It was designed It la without a rlvul. Thorough Corn Culture. To tho Farmers' Review: "I will Bay that I entered tho contest for largest ylold per measured ncro of corn at Illinois Stale fair, and urn glad to say I won ono of the prizes, and now, por haps, my method of cultivation to pro duco 155 bushels of corn on n single acre of ground will bo of Interest to tho many renders of tho FnrmerB' Re view. . Dining tho winter of 1890 I spread fresh manure and refuse from my cow stables over the ground. After tho soil becamo In condition for break Ing 1 broke It Vj Indies deep, and thou harrowed It four times and also drew u clod crusher over It, thus pulveriz ing it up very line, sh soli in thlB con dltlon retains its moisture much cio3tr to the surface. On May 1G planted white pearl corn 3V4 feet apart In rowa and 18 Inches apart In hills, two grains per hill. After tho corn had root sprouts ono to two Inches In length I harrowed the soli again; and ugaln when tho corn began to show through tho soil. It was then left until it wus nix or olght Inches In height, then plowed deep, bringing tho soil to tho corn. Tho next two plowlngs wero very Hhallow, Just keeping tho soil Ioo3o nnd mellow on top. Tho suckers were all romoved from tho stalks and only producing stalks left. This corn was perfectly free from weedB. Keei your corn clean and notice tho In croaso In your corn ylold. A foul field Ib a representation of something "wanted." White- pearl corn is a va rlcty that Is of Bmall cob, deep grain and a quality noted for Its great weight. This corn Is of pearly whlto In all sections of tho grain, hence tho name; It Ib a great yleldor, an early variety and full of oil, hence tho weight. It Is firm and compact on cob 23, 1899. if any reader would like to ask any questions wrlto nnd ask them and 1 ylll fnvor yon with an nnrr7 to tho best of my ability." Edw. bur roughs, El Paso, 111. Tnrlatlaa of ltroom Corn Millet. Ycar-Book Department of Agricul ture: Tho different cultivated varie ties of broom-corn millet vary more or less In their habit of growth and char acter of tho panicle or "head," but tho chief distinction lies In tho color as sumed by tho maturo seod. Thrco rather distinct types may be recog nized, white, yellow and rod. Theso mny lntorgrndo moro or loss. Tho red sometimes becomes a very dark brown or almost black. Tho genoral color of tho growing plant varies considerably In tho different vnrletlcs. Plants from tho yellow seeded varieties aro usually Fio. tS. Japanese Broom-corn Milled light green In color, while thoso from tho red-seeded sorts nro moro often tinged with red, usually in proportion ns the seed la light or dark rod. Tho white-seeded varieties seem to bo tho most robust growers, ns a usual thing, thnn either tho yellow or red-seeded ones, tho most productlvo being tho Japancso white. There aro but two of tho darker or rcd-Beeded varieties that havo como Into much prominence In this country. They nra tho Red French nnd the Japanese, Red (Illus trated here). Tho largo coarse-growing varieties are valuhblo for soiling and may bo used advantageously In tho sllo whero corn cannot bu successfully grown. Tho iorngo docs not nppoar to havo tho laxative and dlurotln action upon tho animals eating It produced by tho fox- tall millets, nnd there- aro no harsh, Irritating beards. However, objections havo been mado to it on account of tho abundant growth of stiff hnlra on the leaves and stems. The yield of forago Is, on the average, loss than may bo obtained from tho other mil lets, but on account of tho relatively short season required fot Its develop ment broom-corn millet may often pro- duco a crop when tho othors would not. Tho yield of peed is large In pro portion to the size of tho plant, GO to GO bushels per ncro being frequently reported from the northwest. The T.rciiiiHx. A bulletin of thoTonnesseoExperiment Station says: Nitrogen In legumes Is chfelly In tho form of protelnB, which make meat and milk and nro" tho most vuluablo elements of stock feeds. All tho other hayB nnd grains, Uko corn, nro doflclent In proteins and need to bo supplemented with legume hay, or pens, cotton seed meal, or soja honns. Clover, pea vino and alfalfa aro tho best of all hays for feeding stock, es pecially milch cows, growing stock and working anlmals.becauso thoy con tain on aii average about twice as much protein ns hay from grassos, and nro worth one-fourth to one-third moro for feed than common hay. Suppos ing timothy to yield two tons of hay to tho aero and cow-pens throo tons, wo got tho following comparisons for ono aero: FBRTIL1KINQ MATKRIALS. l'lion- Nltro- photic Pot Ken. Acid. null. Worth Timothy ...MutlSa 10 at Co ISutBc MU CowpciiH ...Mat 12c 15 at Co 0atSo 9.71 TOOD MATURIAL8. Carfoo Protein, hydrates. Frits. Timothy 11H 1G0O DO CowppaH 600 1700 87 Wo sec, thus, that legumes furnish three to four tlmos as much protein and moro carbohydrates and fats than common hay. They contain three times ns much nitrogen and twlco as much potash. This nitrogen Is derived from tho air and removing It docs not deplete tho soil. Tho best plan Is, thus, to feed leguminous plants and return to the soil tho manure, which will still contain four-fifths of all tho fertilizing elements. As nitrogen of tho air Is tho cheapest source of nltro gon for plants, so It Is tho cheapest soiirco of protein for animals. Soiling Is a good plan for dalrymon. Save tho mnnuro. Grow moro legumes. They furnish tho cheapest manure for tho soil and tho cheapost food for stock, becauso thoy obtain from tho air tho nitrogen necessary for plants and animals, which costs' 12 to 15 cents a pound. Planting Corn for Silage. Tho Michigan cxpurlment station bulletin suys: For tho alio tho corn mny well bo planted In drills about three and a half feet apart and with tho kernels from two to six Inches apart In tho row. In a very wet season a heavier crop may bo harvested from plots drilled with a grain drill, overy tube sowing, but the greater yield of pro tein and other nutrients was found In our experiments to bo In tho crop planted with Jcos seed per aero. Married women nro untlrlng'inatch mnkers. Is this charity or revenge?