Leading
Newspaper of
Western Nebraska
The Alliance Herald
READ BT EVERY MEMBER NEBRASKA STOCK OROWERS AS SOOIATION. ALL THE NEWS OF ALLIANOE AND WESTERN NEBRASKA
OFFICIAL ORGAN NEBRASKA VOLUNTEER FIREMEN'S ASSOCIATION. IT REACHES HEADQUARTERS FOR 15.000 FIREMEN
24 Pages
3 Section
VOLUME XXIV
Alliance, box butte county, Nebraska, may si, if 11
NUMBER 26
NEBRASKA WILL SUPPLY
NATION WITH POTATOES
Report of Committee on Potatoes and Beans at Conservation Congress
in Omaha Last Week Show
Double Acreage
NEBRASKA FARMERS DOING THEIR PART MORE ACREAGE
Estimated Yield for Nebraska for 1917 Is 14,473,439 Bushels of Po
tatoes and 7,140,000 Pounds
of Beans
The report of the committee on certain extent on guesswork but we
Potatoes and Beans, rendered to the have enough figures to give us a bus
Conservation Congress in Omaha on is. We estimate that the acreage
Thursday evening, May 24, at the for Nebraska this year will be 17,
Omaha auditorium, contained figures 000 acres, with a yield or 119,000
of much interest to the state of Nc- bushels or 7,140,000 pounds, an av-
braska as well as to those portions erage of nearly six pounds to each
of the country which depend on N
braska largely for their supply of
these two important items of food
inhabitant of Nebraska. This acre
age ic from 2,500 to 5.000 per cent
over previous years as will undoubt-
Chairman Lloyd Thomas had divided cdly be the production.
the state into districts and with the Secretary Bushmll of tbaacomtnit
help of the seventeen other commit
tee members secured information
and statistics which were used by
the congress in making its outAne of
policy for the guidance of the Nebr
aska council of defense.
At 8:30 o'clock Thursday evening
Chairman Thomas of the committee
was placed in charge of the conven
tion and made the following re
marks :
Address b Lloyd Thomas
Mr. Chairman and Members of the
Conference:
In presenting our report and rec
ommendations as the committee on
Potatoes and Beans we do so in the
hope that this report will give facts
and figures of value to both the pro
ducer and consumer and that it max
Contain recommendations which win
be ot use in outlining your plan of
action during the coming months.
The statistical report which 1 hand
to you in detailed form may be rath
er incomplete or inaccurate but in
the main you will find these figures
correct and can rely upon them. As
chairman of the committee I enlist
tod the aid of patriotic and well-posted
leading citizens throughout the
State, dividing it into sixteen dis
tricts. This report ib made from
their figures and estimates. I want
to pay tribute to these men for tak
ing Cteir time and money to assist in
this v i-rk.
t)n potatoes our statistical report
will show you as follows. The 19 1
figures are taken from the reports of
the Stat of Nebraska. The 191"
ft pines are from the estimates made
by members of the committee :
Acres planted to potatoes iu 19 It;
75,73 8 acres.
Total yield of potatoes iu 1916
6,552.294 bushels
Average yield per acre, IS IS -Ms
5 bushels.
Acreage already planted this year,
1917- 132,923 acres.
Acreage yet to be planted this
year, 1917 34,400 acres. ,
Total acreage for 1117 147,331
acres.
Estimated yield for 1917 at IS.fi
bushels per acre 14.473,439 bush
els. Yield for 1917 at 100 bushels pel
acre would be lti.732,300 bushels.
The statistical report also shows
the aocreage and yield of potatoes in
the state of Nebraska during the last
nine yt'ars and gives as a basis of
comparison Other figures
In the year 191ti there were ship
ped from Nebraska points to other
Nebraska a total of 1168 cars or
584,000 bushels. And from Nebras
ka to other states a total ot 1154
cars or .".77.000 bushels. This means
that there were used for home con-
sumption in the state of Nebraska in j
1 9 1 1 a total of 5,975.294 bushels. 1 1 j
we raise the estimated crop of 14,
473.439 bushels this year and use
only the same amount as last year
for home consumption we will have
lor export a total of 8,498.14 5 bush
els. 1 wish to call your attention in
this report to the great inert as.
shown in acreage in our larger pro
ducing counties. A few of these fig
ures are as follows: I
Acres
plant ed
County-- 1916
Box Butte 557 7
Sheridan 5460
Scolts Bluff 1126
Custer 334 5
Lincoln 1420
Keith 360
Kimball 646
Lancaster 1337
Nuckolls 4 26
Platte 1196
Sarpy . . . . ; S67
Sioux 831
Washington 1019
Wayne 1002
Morrill 579
Cheyenne 8 56
Seward 625
The recommendations of the com
mittee, which will be read by Scire
tary Hushnell. take up another
phase of (he situation.
The bean proposition is based lo a
tee will now read to you the report
of this committee and will be follow
ed by other members of the commit
tee who will speak to you on differ
ent points taken up in the report.
Kport Rendered by See. Busline 1 1
Secretary II. M. Bushnell, Jr., of
A'liunce, then read the report of the
c.i'jmittee, which was as follows
ReMin on Potatoes and Beans
Your committee on Potatoes and
Beans begs to report to the Nebras
ka Cf-i.servation Congress ai Omabfl
U convention May 24 that hey have
spent considerable time investigat
ing the matters "ermane to this
Work and feel that they have in a
iieasure reached conclusions which
wfl Incorporate in this report, thai
Will be a benefit 10 the producer stid
I the consumer. In treating or I'.ose
great Subjects, potatoes and beans.
WC deem it advisable to separate the
tvo crops in this report and shall
submit for your approval first the
report on the potato situation, and
rccond, on beans.
SSL JBS? . i r itt
ft jBBfcfc . '1
fcsassfcau " '
JOHN' II. mokkhf.ad
! I urinei- governor of Nebraska, now
residing at Falls thy. Nebr. Mein
i of the Mtnto and beans com
iM it tic who sMike at Omaha coll
ate. Potatoes
Nebraska is divided into three d'l
tricts relative to potato production.
Pint, the eastern district, whic'i
he s not ordinarily produce as much
as it coiuumes, and therefore under
i.ormai circumstances, imports pota
toes. S-icond, the central sand hills
district where the population is
spa i ce. which probably produces on-
Bushels
raised
1916
689.87 5
659. 568
172.391
262.917
132.486
27.no
143.735
1 19,394
41.833
106.204
46.690
ll.fttl
IMS!
58.81 7
8 1.928
.7.7 80
41.12".
Acres
plant in g
1917
8.800
7.500
4,000
6.11OO
3,000
1.000
87 5
1 .604
640
1.500
990
2.200
1 .500
1.500
2.500
1.1S0
900
Kstiin.it. d
field
1917
1.091.200
907,500
Hi, net
474.000
282.00"
7 5,000
195.12".
144.360
63.360
133,50(1
69.30U
235.400
147.000
88.5IHI
353,750
99.280
IUH
t
Shi
i ammmwi, mssi
SIR WALTER SCOTT
--' - " " - -
Breathes there the man with soul so dead
Who never to himself hath said,
This is my own, my native land !
Whose heart hath ne'er within him
burned,
As home his footsteps he hath turned
From wandering on a foreign strand ?
If such there breathe, go, mark him well;
For him no minstrel raptures swell;
High though his titles, proud his name,
Boundless his wealth as wish can claim,
Despite those titles, power, and pelf,
The wretch, concentered all in self,
Living, shall forfeit fair renown.
And, doubly dying, shall go down
To the vile dust from whence he sprung,
Unwtp . unbonded, and nisung.
PROPER METHODS WILL
IMPROVE POTATO CROP
Box Butte County Farmers' Association Has Adopted Plan for Im
provement of Potato Crop
OROWERS WILL MAKE MONEY BY FOLLOWING THE PLAN
Standardized Plans of Grading and Shipping Will Make Greater De
mand for Box Butte Spuds
FARM WORK FOR
EXCHANGE EMPLOYES
South n i ii ha ! .v. 1 1. ti if Will Send
i mii..w . to Usssatf to
Help on I 'arm
GREAT LIVE
STOCK-MARKET
Second Only to Chicago WSMBbef
of Henri of Use Stock Handle. I
Omubii, Ms? 14. At a meeting of
ihe Live Stock and Traders Exchange
at the yards Saturday It wuh decided
to Bend employes to the country to
assist with the farm work between
May 15 and September 1.
The commission tirms will contin
ue to pay these employes in the
Country the regular salaries less the
amount received on the farm. For
xahinle. if a, man from a commis
sion Bra i earning $160 per month
now and w ill receive ;v ior nis j
services on the farm, the lit in here'
will pay him $100 while he is in the
.(Mint ry . nasg,
Heads of linns and regular office until
employes will take the places of
'hose who so to the farms. It will
mean that a cattle salesman, for ex
ample, will not only dispose of what
ever stock comes to his firm, but he
will also take care of the driving nud
other work usually done by the yard
men of Ihe Iii-iii. - Lincoln Daily
Stor.
and SHII Forging Ahead
reasons POH URKAT (.Kowril
Mnrket Worthy of the Pitlronagi
of Every Nebraska Ranchman,
Fanner, Fiiiler nnil Sliipiier
Why
market
recent
has (lie Omaha live stock
made such rapi.. strides in
years, in Igereaslag its bust-
WILL BULLETIN
MEAT CONDITIONS
ly enough :o supply their local de
mands, but under favorable circum
lorl purposes Third, the western
(Continued on page 4 this section)
Alliance Htirald Will Post Daily Bul
letin, on Market t 'ondltions in
the Meal Trarie
Beglttnlag With this week The Al
liance Herald will receive daily re
ports on the market conditions in
the meal trade, issued by the office
of markets of the Tilled Slates De
partment oi Agriculture,
These reports will be issued ill
bulletin form by The Herald office
and placed on The Herald's bulletin
board. The bulletins will contain a
daily summary of eastern markei
conditions, statins the supplyy of
and demand and general market for
fresh beef, veal. pork, lamb and mut
ton. Detailed, reports or prevailing
wholesale prices of the different
grade! Of western dressed beef also
will be posted daily and weekly, cov
ering leading market centers.
OH. INDl STRY
IN XOKIHWIS
IMHIMIX.
Ml EHIRA N
I'O.
The oil IndUSt T) seems to be on
i lie boom in the northwest corner of
Sheridan county. There is how one
out lit drilling for oil and a new com
panv has been in the field foi tin
past week securing oil leases on land
in that ne 1 1 li bo i hood and it is un
derstood I hat I hey have already
lea nil a considerable tract f land
and will soon roniBIOnrs drilling.
fortius ahead of competitors,
it now stands second onlv to
Chicago in the number of head of
In.- stock handled annually'.'
"There's s reason." or. more cor
rectly speak ins. there are reasons.
a large territory tributary, splen
didly adapted ! raisins and feeding
cattle, boss and sheep, and made
easily accessible to this market by
the railroad lines that reach out
from Omaha is the foundation rag
son for ihe greatness f ihe Ossebs
live stock markei. When this mar
ket was established this steal terri
tory was only partially developed
The foresisht of the founders of the
market is seen in their anticipating
Ihe development of ihe iributaiv
country ami planning secordlngly;
bin they did not plan too large,
There are Other reasons, not the
least of which is found in the Intel
est taken in the welfare of the gat
ronising stock meg and shipper by
the men who compose the South Om
aha Live Stock Kxi halipe It is not
putting ii too strons to say that Ihe
ICschange mesa here not only sive
their customers a square deal on all
business entrusted to them and for
which they receive pay, but they do
much work in the interest of the
stockmen in their territory for which
thev receive gO pay and cannot be
benefited except so far as the pin-
periiy of their patrons is a bene!) lo
them.
The splendid equipment of the
stock yards at the Omaha market is
a factor thai should not lie over
looked It has kepi the Omaha
sunk Yards Cogs pa aj hustling put
linp in improvements to keep up
i with the requirements of the rapidly
growing market, but that they sue
eei! well in SO dpiefl IS attested hf
I live Stock commission men and ship
pers
Arthur k Leigo of Lngaslds gad
Anna Loiiehmar of llalden. hTohf
gars married May . iy gather f
j, Manning.
fiy K. M. Seidell
Potatoes gre Ilox llutte's leading
cnBh crop. The value of her potato
crop is estimated to be approximate
ly as much as the value of the spring
anil wintei wheat, rye, barley, corn,
and oats crops combined. Hence
the Importance of the potato crop
and its improvement.
There Is need to improve our po
tatoes so that the growers can pro
duce them even more economically,
and to standardize for market, so
that the demand for the potatoes
niny increase in volume. This will'
brlnu to the grower larger returns
and to the consumer greater satis
faction
The Box Hutte Farmers' Associa
tion has adopted the following plan
for the improvement of Box Butte
county potatoes. This plan does not
stop at seed treatment alone, but in
cludes all the steps that are absolute
ly necessary for the greatest im
provement in the Box Butte county
potato industry.
( I ) 1'iire Standard Varieties
It is important that only those
stand. in I adaptable varieties known
lo be tin re DO used for seed. The ex
perience of the growers shows that
only the early varieties are adapta
ble. There is a market demand for
the early varieties of this section.
The Early Ohio Is Ihe standard table
variety in demand. Bliss or lied
Triumphs are in demand for south
ern seed (rude. White Buregas or
Cobblers, demand varies, are early
and good gieiders. Three varieties
are enough for any section.
Do not allow seed to mix in stor
age, in Planting one variety after
planting another, be sure nil potatoes
of other variety are removed from
planter. In marketing, (ilck out all
other varieties.
() Beed Selection
Select seed to maintain variety,
type, quality, yield, and to control
disease. Know the desired shape of
the Variety you are growing. Pota
toes will produce true to type of seed
providing oilier conditions are fav
orable Do not plant a potato that
is off in quality, such as one with
small out growl lis and deep eves re
member variety type), or a misshap
ed potato. The constant use of
small potatoes will temi to red it.-.
the yield. A potato may be small
lieeaiise of lack of moisture or be
cause of an inheritable character.
The latter is too often the case to
risk planting small potatoes except
in rare instances A small seed
piece will produce a small vine, ion
Seguently S lower yield under nor
ma I conditions I'lant nothing less
than a onc-oune seed piece, and an
ounce ami one-half to two-ounce seed
pieces are most desirable. Nothing
is gained ty clipping oft seed end of
potato. By bill selection Ihe Ohio
Station increased the yield of their
potatoes about 7 5 bushels per acre
Aboul the most Important thins in
economical production is the dis
cerdlni of all pntS tons affected with
dry rol or bacterial wilt. These are
internal diseases of the potato. A
very scabby potato, however, well
shaped, is not a sood seed potato. To
show ihe aovahtuse or using clean
seed, demoiisl rat ions were conducted
in 1915 by the county agent under
authority of 'lie Box Btttte Farmers
Association and the Department ol
Agricultural Hoi any, on the farms
of tour co-operators, from which the
following results were secured
Whole two ounce seed was used. ill
all cases untreated, in order to gltlt
im affect of disease upon yield. The
HVerage yield of marketable potatoes
trom seed was:
Bu. per A.
Dry lotted seed 105.09
lea bay seed 132.73
Clean seed MS. II
poisonous, and treated potatoes must
never be. em en nor fed to stock. (3)
Be certain that the solution Is made
and used according to the above dir
ections. FORMIC ALDEHYDE Pour 1
pint of formalin (formalin Is a 40
per cent solution of formic aldehyde)
Into 30 gallons of water in a barrel
or tank. Place potatoes in a gunny
sack and keep for 2 hours in the
above solution. Spread the treated
potatoes out on a canvaa or clean
Hoor to dry. When dry, the potatoes
should be cut and placed In aacka
which have been disinfected.
Precaution--(1) Oe certain 4hat
your formalin la full atrength and
the solution made according to the
above directions. (2) Treat the po
tatoes for the full 2 hours. (3)
This solution la not poisonous, and
treated potatoes may be eaten or fed
to stock.
In no case make solution stronger
or weaker, or treat a longer or a
shorter time. Potatoes may be in
solution six hours before being dam
aged materially. In treating with
corrosive sublimate, potatoes should
be relatively free from dirt. Keep
solution stirred up. Do not he
alarmed because of evaporation.
Either treatment is effective
against disease scab, and all dry rot
or bacterial wilt reached by seed
treatment. Corrosive sublimate Is
recommended for treating potatoen
affected with stem Hot or lhlxocton
ill, which appears as black specks on
the exterior of the potato. Thie dis
ease cuts down production and may
reduce stand of potatoes.
In 1915 demonstrations were con
ducted by the county agent on the
farms of the above co-operators to
show the value of seed treatment.
Very scabby two-ounce seed was
used In all cases. Part treated with
corrosive sublimate, and part treated
with formalin, planted beside un
treated scabby seed of the same kind
and origin:
Corrs.
Untreated Formalin Subl.
Average . 132.73 158.60 166.80
This shows an increased yield by
formalin of IS.I7 bushels, which, at
35c, equals $9.05 per acre. Increased
yield by corrosive sublimate, 34.07
busln Is. at 35c, equals $11.92 per
acre. Stem Itot was prevalent in all
potatoes used for seed, which proba
bly accounts for some difference In
favor of corrosive sublimate.
It will cost approximately 4c per
bushel to treat potatoes, allowing for
chemicals at present prices and for
labor, providing no time Is wasted
while potatoes are being treated.
Prufter t nllnral Method
Rotation Is essential in controlling
potato diseases, and iu liiaiiitaining
yield and fertility. Potatoes should
noi be planted in the same field of-
li ner than one year to five.
I. an. I free from trash is essential
in the production of smooth pota
toes. Iteiuember there are two
kinds of scab: one a disease, and the
other a result of insect injuries. In
sect trouble Is largely controllable
by proper rotation. A field that has
been idle or uncultivated for a short
time is more apt to have grubs and
Other ehe i ies to smooth potatoes.
.Manure if applied to land should be
applied Just after dissins potatoes.
If applied in large quantities, dis
ease scab may, as a result, live in the
soil longer than five years.
Growers have found from experi
ence i hat a well-prepared, deep seed
bed gives on the average the best re
sults, producing potatoes true to type
and a good yield of same
(rowers know the type of cultiva
tion generally best adapted to grow
ing potatoes In their sections. They
realize that if deep cultivation is
practiced, il should be done early. A
type of cultivation is net'
Box Butte county than in
more rainfall.
iu nigging, ii more tun is run over
ine eievaior ami me nigger run oeep
er. less p6tatoes are cut and damag
ed. A cut or damaged potato is us
ually the first to be affected with
storage disease. A cut potato.
j more level
; ier hen- in
'sections of
i..
Dry-rolled seed reduced the yield
1 96,01 bushels of marketable pota
toes per acre and scabby seed reduc
ed the yield 7S.fl bushels of mar
ketable potatoes per acre.
(.'!) Seed Treat inent
It la abeeltttgl) necessary to treat
Bead t order to eradicate potato dis-....-
The Depart stent of Agrtcul-
i in a! Itoiany recommends the fol-i whet her diseased or not. is always
lowing treatment for potato diSOUS
es:
"FuiialcloVs"
OOBKOffiVE Sl'BLIMATK l.s
solve 4 ounces of corrosive sublim
ate in .' gallons of hoi water Add
ibis solution lo enough water to
make :;n gallons Place potatoes in
a gUIIIIV sack atid keep tor 1 1
I. inns III the abOra solution.
lb treated potatoes out on a canvas
or clean floor to dry. When dry . the
potatoes should tc mi ami placed In
-ai ks which have been disinfected.
Pre Millions (1) When dissolv
ing t lie corrosive sublimate in hot
water, use a stone Jar or some old
I thrown away at the big potato mar
kets. Running digger deep takes
j more h orse power, and the only
question Is, whether best to use more
I horse power aud have leas damaged
potatoes or not. In handling, care
should be exercised to prevent in
IjuriliS the potatoes. The best pota-
.to growers of the section handle their
Spread potatoes carefully and find that it
pays.
The experience of the majority ot
potato growers in this section is thai
i potatoes when planted on land fol
lowing corn or a cultivated crop have
j best assurance of a good yield of
well-shaped, smooth potatoes, be-
pan, as this solution will corrode
total (S) This solution i xerv U'ontinued on page 2 this section)