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JAS. GRAHAM'S
urooery andHeatMar
G-roceries, Fresh and Cured
Meats, Fruits, Vegetables,
Nuts, Candies, and every
thing else good to eat
Phone 50
N. W. Cor. Box Butte Ave.
and Montana St.
John PHkingtorTs
Meat Market
221 Box Butte Ave.
All kinds Fresh
Fish, Poultry, and
sold in a first-class meat market
See me for car loads of
Potatoes, Flour, Corn and Feed
Off to Summer Climes
No need to bear the discomforts of a northern winter.
At a low cost you can enjoy the sunshine, flowers and
summer life of Southern California, Cuba, the Bahamas,
Florida and the Gulf Country. . v
Take a winter vacation and see the historic Southland.
Write me for descriptive literature about our personally
conducted excursions to Southern California, about Florida
and all the other far-famed winter resorts berths, rates,
train service, etc.
ifflffna
NELSON UVLICXOMIBR.
FIRE INSURANCE A G-E NO Y
REPRESENTS THE FOLLOWING INSURANCE COMPANIES.
Hartturu Kiru Insurance Company.
North American of Philadelphia.
Phoenix of Ulooklyn. New York.
Continental of New York Olty. .
Niagara Fire Insurance Company.
Uonnecucuw rjre
l.UIIUCi:ui;u tiro '
iTnmmerclal Union Assurance Co,, London
Sernianla Kite Ins. Oo.
state Of Omaha
S
$
set
r
and Cured Meats,
everything else
F. L. SKALINDER, AGENT
Alliance
L. W. WAKELEY, G. P. A., Omaha
iza
Boards
of all descriptions
for any part of a
house or barn.
DierksLumber &Coal Co.
Phone 22 0. Waters, Mgr.
Liverpool. London and Globe Ins. Co.
German American Ins. Co., New York,
New Hampshire
I'olumbSa Flro Insurance Company,
Phlladelnhia Underwriters.
Phoenix Ins. Jo., Hartford, Conn
i iiuvuu iu. uu,.uiiiuiu,vuuii
llromuns 1- uud Insurance Co.
Rochester Qerman Ins. Co.
Office UD-Stnirs.Fletcher Mock.
Home Course
In Live Stock
Farming
XIII. Swine Management
By C. V. GREGORY,
Author or "Home Co uric hi Modern
Aarlcvllturc," "Making" Money on
the Farm," tile.
Copyright. 1000, by American Prest
Association.
THERE tire two general types of
swine biU'oti mill fnt. The
prlnelpal fnt Iiok breeds are
I'olr. nd-Chliia, Du roe-Jersey,
Berkshire and Chester Will to. These
broods aro especially adapted to tlio
corn bolt, lloro corn Is ibo prlwipai
food, ntid tlio tat ho tits In naturally.
Tlio principal bnoon broods aro Tain
worth and Yorkshire. Tlio Hampshire
Is Intermediate between the two types.
-The bacon hogs tiro honor suited to
those localities where corn Is not urmvu
to any extent. Sklmmllk. peas and
pasture are anion;: the principal crops
used In raising bacon hogs.
Whichever type Is selected, an en
deavor should be mnde to get the best
possible Individuals of that typo. Not
only that, but If you wish to succeed
In the hop; business you must pick out
a certain breed and stick to It. The
general practice of buying a boar of a
different breed every year or so Is
bound to result In a lot of mongrels.
The tirst cross of pure bred animals
often results in combining the good
Fid. XXIV. THK FAT HOO TVl'K.
qualities of both breeds, but when
these crossbred animals are bred among
themselves the good points rapidly dis
appear, uud in a few years only the
bad ones arc left.
Fat Hog Type.
The fat hog should be low sot. wide
and long. The ribs should be well
sprung to give width to the back add
loin and should extend well down the
sides. The bead should be short and
wide, with a short, thick neck. The
shoulders should be well laid in at
the ,top. and there should be no de
pression bad? of them. A lack of
heart girtb Is a fault often found in
otherwise good hogs. The sides should
be deep and free from wrinkles. Both
fore and hind Hank should be well
filled. The hind quarters should be
fairly long from the hips back and the
hums well filled down to the bocks.
Viewed from the side, the back should
be slightly urched. Swaybacks nre
very bad. especially In brood sows.
The underline should be level. Viewed
from behind, the bind quarters should
be wide and full and the width of
body even from one end to the other.
Some bogs have good width In front,
but narrow off badly behind. The
legs should be strong, and the hog
should stand'up well on his toes. Any
weakness of the pi.sterus should causp
a hog to be discriminated against for
breeding purposes. Constitution, a
Bhown by deep, wide chest and gen
eral vigor. Is very Important, Quality
of hair, skin, limb and bead should
also bo looked for. If those who are In
the business Of raising hogs for the
market would take note of those easy
means of identifying the prolltnblo ani
mal much disappointment would bo
avoided. It matters not what tb
brood. It Is necessary to apply this dis
criminating process in each Indlvldun1
case.
In some cases brooders have gone to
extremes In producing show animal
and have bred hogs that are compact
chubby and good io look at. hut al
most worthless for breeding purposes.
The brooding sow to ho profitable
must bo of good size, rather loosely
built and with a roomy middle piece
The boar should be vigorous and ac
live. A boar of this kind that Is a
little rangy H to bo preferred to one
of the chubby type that Is sluggish
and slow on his feet. While compact
ness and fine points are desirable, the
farmer cannot afford to obtain them
at the expense of profitable sized lit
teiN.
In the bacon type length and depth
ire sought for especially, without so
inir h regard to width. Larger legs
and a louger and sharper face nre al
lowable, and the hams ore deep rather
than full and wide. One of the great
est essentials of a bacon bog Is qual
ity. The bone must be clean and not
coarse, the shoulders exceedingly com
pact and the hide smooth and pliable.
Handling Breeding Stock.
In selecting breeding stock, besides
paying attention to the character of
the Individuals, their ancestors should
also bo considered. It Is very impor
tant that they come from prolific
strains, since much of the profit or loss
In the hog business depends on the
size of the Utters, In case you nre
brooding hogs for sale ns breeders it is
necessarv to select animals of strains
that tire In demnnd.
It Is n general practice to breed
bows In Jbe fall, when they nre about
eight months old. Then ns soon ns the
pjgs are weaned the sows are fattened
and, sold. The nrgumeut in fnvorof
this plan Is that it saves tht expense
of keeping the sows thtoughout the
summer, if a good' pasture In nvall
utile, however, this expense will not
amount to much. The use of maturo
sows will bring In a profit that will
much more than pny the cost of keep
ing them throughout the summer. In
a number of experiments that have
bech conducted along this Hue It has
been found that sows two years old or
over at farrowing time produce nearly
30 per cent more pigs than yearling
bows. The pigs from the two-year-old
sows were considerably larger at birth
and made 25 per cent foster gains
afterward. Old sows nre much leas
liable to trouble at farrowing time,
and they glvo u great deal more milk
than young sows do. .
Another general practice Is to use n
seven or eight mouths' old boar for
breeding purposes. This results In
smaller litters and smaller nnd less
vigorous pigs. The boar should betat
least a year old at time of service. A
boar that proves to bo n satisfactory
sire should bo kept uutll his daughters
reach breeding age. if not longer.
If warm farrowing quarters can bo
provided. Into March or early April Is
the best time for the sows to farrow.
The pigs aro then In good shape to
make rapid gains on grass all sum
mer. Where the climate Is cold or
good accommodations for tho sows
cannot be provided It Is better to have
the 'pigs come n little later.
The boar should be kept In n pen by
himself or with a few bred sows If Uo
worries too much and the sows nro
brought to him to bo bred. One serv
ice is ns good ns half a dozen. Tho
sow should be taken nwny as soon ns
served and a record of tho service
made. An aged, vigorous boar may
be allowed two sows a day when
handled in tills way. A breeding
crate is an advantage unless the boar
and sow nre about tho same size.
When tho boar Is nllowed to run
with tho sows nil the time hla
strength Is wasted by worrying nnd
repeated services, nnd he is less sure.
The dates of breeding cannot be kept
in this way, so that when farrowing
time comes there Is no means of
knowing when to expect the pigs.
Sows should not be fat at farrowing
time, but should be In good thrifty
condition and should be kept so
throughout the winter. Plenty of ex-,
erclse Is also essential if vigorous pigs
ore tobe produced.
When the pigs come early and old
sowb are used fall litters may often bo
raised at a profit. This Is specially so if
plenty of milk van bo had. The cost of
feed is greater with fall litters because
of lack of grass. There nro also consid
erable loss and lack of profitable gains
unless good shelter can be provided.
Individual conditions, together with n
few trials, will determine whether or
not fall pigs can be profitably grown
for market. When raised for breeding
purposes fall pigs can always be sold
at a good profit as yearlings.
Central Versus Colony 8ytem.
There ure two general plans of han
dling hogs, the centralized system and
the colony system. Tho central sys
tem consists of one large hog house
where all the bogs are kept both win
ter and summer. The colony system
consists of a number of small bouses,
each with Its pasture. These Btnall
bouses can be moved up close to the
other buildings for convenience In win.
ter.
Tho central system is nn ndvnntage
in winter, ns warmer quarters can bo
provided. It Is also much more con
venient to feed and handle bogs when
they are nil together In this manner.
Tho advnntnge of the colony system
is that tho houses can be moved from
place to place wherever they are need
ed. There Is loss liability of disease
when tho hogs are kept In small
droves, and disease can bo more read
ily handled If It does break out. The
pigs can be sorted according to size
and will do bettor than If they nil run
together. This system nlso has tho nd
vantage of cheapness. The main dis
advantage Is that It Is a groat deal
more work to care for tho hogs In
scattered lots.
On most farms n combination of the
two systems will be found desirable
Some individual houses will bo noodfd
to house tho pigs when they aro run
niog mi the different fields and for ox-
J'la. XXV. THE BACON HOO TVI'E.
trn farrowing pons. At the same time
a central house Is almost Indispensable
for the fattening hogs, for the breed
ing stock In winter and for the sows
lhat farrow early.
A cement tloor made according to di
rections given In article 2 will be most
satisfactory for the central house. It
must be kept well bedded, ns the bare
tloor Is hard, damp and cold. Some
breeders use a false floor of boards on
the sleeping pens. The pen partitions
should be removable so that several
pens can be thrown together for fat
tening hogs. There should be enough
windows to supply plenty of light- If
the building faces the south the roof
should bo of half monitor shape to fur
nish light to tho north ncm- This is
not necessary if tho building runs
north nnd south, siuee there will then
bo nn equnl amount of light on each
side. The best stylo of movable bouse
Is the A shape, built hi 4 by 4 run
ners. A tloor Is nn ndvnntage In wet
weather,
Homestead
C. H. Hubbell went to Hemingford for
supplies lust Tuesday.
A. D. Weir bought forlyfivo bushels of
oats of Cliff Hubbell this week for seed.
Little Edna Scotl was sick tlio latter
part of last week,
right ero this.
It doesn't taku n
long to gel onto n
We hope sho Is all
wholo neighborhood
liar. He'll soon kill
himself if let alone.
Word from Will Nicholson, who is In
Missouri taking treatment for rheumatism,
says ha is not improving any,
We aro sorry to hear of tho loss of two
or Ihrco horses by Mrs. Mickey, but hope
the report Is without foundation.
Mrs. A. J. Kyan spent part of last Sat
urday with Mrs. Miller. Mrs. Boyer and
family spont Sunday with the same lady,
Mr. Uoyer started with his cattlo last
Saturday to trail them over to his farm
near Bayard, where ho has plenty of good
feed.
With no deaths, marriages or any othor
calamities to chronicle, tlicro is a shortago
in news items out in this neck o' tho prairie
this week.
Wo aro told that one of tho homestead
ers in this neighborhood has 100 cattle and
only three tons of hay to feed them through
the rest of tho winter.
Last week A. D. Weir trailed a bunch
of cattle from Crawford up to near tho
Agate ranch, where they are being cared
for unlit ho can get them home.
Just as we aro ready to mail these items
word reaches us of tho sickness of Johnny
and Wayne, two littlo sons of Walter
Scott, but lhat Edna is well again.
Fleet, the big, happy mail carrier on
the Marsland-Ashbrook route, tells us that
there is not a lump of coal in Marsland.
Sorry for the people of Marsland. Wo
can burn fenco posts out here.
Mr. Leathers and son, Ed, drove to
Hemingford with four horses a few days
since, but could only bring out 400 or 500
pounds of coal and a few other supplies
because of the condition of the roads,
Ball, Jones and Kinsley bought hay
from Ed. Leathers last week, and Robert
Spoon bought some from Uncle Billy
Burk. All of the hay was out in the bunch
and covered with deep snow and ice.
The hens are singing, but nary an egg
has shown up around here for, oh, so long
and the people will hardly know one when
they see il again. Some of us had almost
forgotten what a hen's song sounded llko.
If anything ever tasted good to us, it
was that piece of mince pie and the dinner
we ate over to Garfield Ball's a few days
ago when we were so tired and hungry,
and with only a bachelor'rhome to go to
Such little kindnesses a? this go to make
up the true, neighborly spirit and we hope
we appreciate it as we should,
Lockwood of Canton and Henderson of
Curly took several four-horse teams to
Hemingford for supplies for their stores
last week. We understand the Canton
merchant got a couple of loads of flour,
while Mr. Henderson, who got there too
late, could only get three sacks, which was
all there was in town.
It was Alvin Nicholson who said the
howling of the coyotes was a sure sign of
a thaw, and they have been making the
nights hideous in some neighborhoods, and
it does seem that their howls have had
some effect on the atmosphere, for it
actually thawed so we could leel It last
Saturday and Sunday. Howl on, ye pesky
coyote, split your lungs and throat, and
we'll let you live!
When John Ryan pulled the trigger on
a bunch of snow birds the other day, he
picked up twenty-seven, saw the dog de
vouring some more, and his boy picked up
another one that wouldn't stay killed, so
Kyan and his family had bird pie lor tup
per at least that's what he said. And
you never knew a Missourian to puncture
the truth, did you, but we'lL bet lie puuc
lured Hie bird pie!
The Homestead school will close in one
week, the short term then being complete.
It is pleasing and gratil)ing 10 hear the
kindly expressions of appreciation of Mr.
loneb services as teacher. A mau or wo
man. )oung or old, who can give satisfac
tion 10 all the patrous in the ordinary
school district, is more than a cracker-jack
and ought to be given fir at place in the
martyr's tanks. But how can we wonder
at it when we think of Canada, Kansas,
Mhsouri and America all Leiug represented
in our school district?
Mrs Hickey bought 13a tons of hay on
the Fetti Allison place on Kuouing Water
last week and has sent her cattle there to
be fed. But for the train iuto Marsland
being four hours late the hay would have
been purchased by another party, who
was hurryiug on to close a deal for the en
lire 800 or 1000 tons of which Mrs. Hick
ey's was a part. We like to think of this
as another case in which a loving God
cared for the fatherless and widow of our
late neighbor, as well as for several others
not far from here, all of whom would have
suffered had a stranger from a distance
gotten the hay.
Speaking of people and hay, upon the
river north of here there has lived until
lately a stockman. He has standing on
his place 50 or 60 tons of year-old hay,
and while cattle are starving, and the
honest hearts and bodjes of his neighbors
breaking under the awful burden of
anxiety consequent to the terrific winter,
this "hustler" holds his year-old hay at
3to per ton, witb.a 64 foot measurement,
which means in reality about $13 or $14
per ton. Quite different with bis neigh
bor, Metland, who has sold hundreds of
tons io his neighbors, with fair and honest
measure, for $7.00 per ton.
I'vo got n motto on my desk that reads:
"Don't grunt; do your stunt," sohereit is.
M. Space.
RepaiFWork
Sewing Machines and
Organs.
Have secured tlio services of a prac
tical mechanic nnd can guarantee all
work dono by him. Don't trust your
work, to travelling repair men. This
man will be hero permanently. Re
pairs and parts furnished for all ma
chines,
Phouo 139. Geo. D. Darling.
Legal Blanks.
Tlio following blanks aro for sale at
Tho Herald oflteoi
Farm Lease,
Heal Estate Mortgage,
Chattel Mortgage,
City Lease,
Warranty Deed,
Agreement for Warranty Deed,
Warranty Deed Corporation,
Bond for Deed,
General Bond,
Quit Claim Deed,
Agreoment Sate of Real Estate,
Contract for Real Estate,
Exchange Contract,
Articles of Agreement,
Release of Real Estate Mortgage,
Assignment of Mortgage,
Affidavit of Identification,
Coupon Note,
Mechanic's Lien,
Power of Attorney,
Bill of Sale,
Option,
Short Will,
Inventory and Appraisement of Property
Attached,
Appraisal,
Dipping Certificate,
Contest Notice,
Affidavit and Order of Publication of Con
test Notice, I
Meat Shipper's Certificate,
Notice to Owners before Delivery of Tax
Deed,
Promissory Note,
Receipts,
Township Plats,
Road Overseer of Highways Annual Settle
ment, Letters of Administration with Will An
nexed, Notice to Appraiser,
Letters of Guardianship,
Affidavit and Undertaking for Order of
Attachment,
Venire Facias,
Affidavit against Garnishee,
Summons,
Order of Attachment.
HOLSTEN'S
Headquarters for
School
Supplies
TABLETS
NOTE HOOKS
COMPOSITION BOOKS
' NOTE PAPER
' PENCILS
PENS, INKS
CHALK CRAYONS
COLORED CRAYONS
ERASERS .nnd
PA INI S ,
RULERS GIVES AWAY AT
HOLSTEN'S
Finding a Leak
is sometimes a dangerous and dirty job
unless you are a Practical Plumber, If
there is any trouble in the bath room or
heating apparatus
Send for Us
and we will fix it promptly and at reason
able charge. We do good work and guar
antee it.
Fred Brennan
House phone, 356. Shop phone, 744
J. P. HAZARD
Surveyor and Engineer
. ALLIANCE, NEIIKASKA
Parties out of town should
write, as I
am out much of the time
Charges will not exceed
J5.00 and ex-
penses per day.