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About The Alliance herald. (Alliance, Box Butte County, Neb.) 1902-1922 | View Entire Issue (Feb. 11, 1909)
J 4 " s s Western Office Supply Company ( (Formerly Western Specialty Company) Lloyd C. Thomas, President F. A. Pierson, Secretary ,rsrrrrrs'-','r's L. C. SMITH Typewriters Home Course In Modern Agriculture - i. .Ti , , II. How Plants Eat and Grow By C. V. GREGORY, Agricultural "Dt-Olslon. lotva State College Copyright, 1003, by American I'rcw Association U Help build up this western country. Buy your Office Supplies here The ShawWalker VERT growlug plant Is a little lacwry. Tlio green coloring mnitcr of the leaves, or chlo rophyll, Is the engine. Tho sunlight is the power that makes tho engine go, mid tlio air, wnor nnd some of the substances in tho soil nro the raw nintcrinls. Under tho stimulating Influence of sunlight tho chlorophyll take the car bon dioxide gas of the air and the wa ter, nltrogon and minerals which the roots Bonn up in the form of crude sap nnd tears thorn to pieces. Then K putR them together ngain In hundreds of different ways, it makes them Into tho starch of tho potato or the sugar of Uil-ll..- 711-l)in,ffH).i..l.. I.;.. mlUI Line of Filing Devices sii s s s the sugnr beet. It nuts them tocother in another way and makes tho hard, horny gluten of n kernel of popcorn or the tough fiber of n cornstalk. By gf4 - TWINLOCK Loose-leaf Ledgers and Office Systems ? Second-Hand and slightly used typewriters of all makes Carbon Paper, Typewriter Ribbons, Rubber Stanws.Dating Machines EVERYTHING FOR THE OFFICE lr XT WW'W j kv vTnSv Palace Liveiy Barn C. C. SMITH, Prop. (Successor to S. It. Dcsch) o'E in oCK wi;st of Good turnouts, strict attention to our business, THE NB'V ZHINDEX anj courteous treatment to all has won for us the BUII.D(NG. 'Phone excellent patronage we enjoy. Try us. MiSG HOtitG PSSflOM which V" have tho greatest in- terest the home news. Its every issue will prove a welcome visitor to every member of the family, it should head your list of newspaper and periodical subscriptions. Four of the 28 good points in the WONDER WASHING MACHINE found in no other: (i) Suction for the first time applied by rotary motion (2) No cogs or gearings (3) It is entirely free from niose and rattle (4) You can set in on the stove and boil water ip it Price, $8.00 Newberry's Hardware Co. NOW IS THE SEASON OF COUGHS and COLDS I tat Prescription Druggist Notice for Olds (or Burial of Paupers Notice is hereby given that by order of the Board of County Commissioners of Box Butte county sealed bids will 1m received at this office until Fabrnary 23, 1909, for digging gravos and proper burial of any county paupers, said con tract to continue in force for term of one year, bsginuing March let, igon ,nnd ending March ist, 1910. The board reserves the right to reject any and all bids for good and sufficient reasons. ' ' W..C. Mounts, County Clark. Bids for County Poor Farm and Care of County Poor Notice is hereby given that by order of tlie Board of CoMuty Commissioners of Box Butte county soolod bids will be received at this office until February 33, 1909, sucli to spacify rent that will be paid for county poor farm, price jw week charged for board of county poor, same to include lodging, washing and care of county paupers for the term of one yoar, boginning March x, 1909. The board reserve the right to reject any and all bids for good and sufficient roasons. W. C. Moi'nts, County Clerk. F. J. IBRENNAN WW. James, Exclusive Dealer in COAL & ... WOOD 'Phone Alliance, No. 5. Nebraska. no, m the anowm ol corn hoots. building them up In still different wnjs It makes the luird wood of the onk or tho delicate petals of n rose. Mini, with nil his skill and machinery, 1ms never boon nblo to make tiny products half so wonderful us nro being made every dny In every field on your farm. If plants are to grow rapidly nnd produce largo j lolds. they must be well fed. About half the dry weight of n mature plant hi made up of carbon. Practically nil of this comes from the enrbon dioxide of tho nlr. Every acre of wheat will use a ton of this gns or nil that is In n layer of nlr throe miles deep over the aero. The constant mix ing of tho air by the wind Is always bringing fresh supplies within reach of the plant. Tho farmer does not need to concern himself with the supply of enrbon di oxide, for every time he builds u tire or even breathes lie is adding to tho store of this mnterlnl In tho air. The smooth upper surface of a leaf Is both air nnd water tight. On tho underside, however, nro ninny small openings, which are really tho mouths of the plant. It Is through these tiny holes that carbon dioxide Is taken into the leaf to be used by tho chlorophyll. In making starch nnd other products out of carbon dioxide and water some oxygen is given off. This passes out through the openings In the leaves. Thus you see that plants breathe In much the biiiiu: wuy as anlnmls do, only they give off oxygen, the product which Is used by animals, and take up carbon dioxide, tho gas which is breathed out by animals. In this way plants make nnlninl life possible. Ani mals give off carbon dioxide and manure as waste products. Plants tear these -waste products to pieces nnd by rebuilding them make them once more Into food for tho animals. Next to carbon hydrogen and oxy gen aro tho foods thnt tho plant uses In largest quantities. Since water Is composed of these elements, the sup ply will be plentiful as long as thero is plenty of water In tho soil. There is one . element, nitrogen, which forms a considerable part of the plant, that Is harder to get. While three-fourtli8 of the nlr is nitrogen, the plant does not heeni to be able to use It in this form. The only kind of plants that ean use tho nitrogen In the air nt all are the legumes, such as clover nud alfalfa. Certain bacteria that live on the roots jf these legumes have the power of changing the at mospheric nitrogen into forms In which the plant can use It. We shall study more about this process later. Nitrogen Is one of the most Impor tant plant foods, nud It Is one that Is very often lacking. If the plant can not get a sufficient supply of nitrogen It will be stunted, will stop growing early, and the yield will be very much reduced. Since all the crops, with tho exception of the legumes, must get their nitrogen from the soil, the farm er must see to It that there Is a plen tiful supply there if he wishes to ob tain a large yield. If you will drop n little rich black soil on a hot shovel some of It will go up In smoke. Tho part thnt bums Is humus and is mado up of vegetable and animal matter which Is partly de cayed. This humus contains large amounts of nitrogen, nnd from this source the jit-enter share of this ele ment used by the plant must come. If your soil Ik black, spongy nnd well supplied with humus there Is little ilRUger thnt the plant will go hungry for nitrogen. Oiu of the lxt ways to koop n Held In this condition is to ap ply liberal quantities of barnyard in, nure. Another way la to plow uudor green crops, especially clover. Some times It Is necessary to buy nitrogen for tlu plant In the form of commer cial fertilizers, but this Is a very ex pouslve way of obtaining it. liven when thn lilnrif lu f Iron nil thn nitrogen it can us.c It sometimes fails J to do well, TJiflTfs because It' cannot get as much of tho mineral elements as It needs. Too much nitrogen In proportion to tho nmour.t of mineral cleinenls causes the plant to "go nil to vines." Thero Will be nu excessive growth of leaves, but tho yield of grain will bo small. Toko nn ear of corn or a bunch of hay and burn It. The ashes that are loft are the mineral parts of the plant. These cannot be obtnlued from nlr or wnler, but must come from the soil. Some of the most important of theso are Iron, which Is the substance thnt helps to build up chlorophyll, and sul phur, which is found In tlio nitroge nous parts of the plant. Thero nro n number of others also, nil of which nro presont in the Boll In such Inrgo amounts thnt there will probably al ways be all that tho crops can use. Two of these minerals, however, po tnssluin nnd phosphorus, nro not so plentiful. When tho plant cannot get enough potassium tho graiu will not be filled out well. If there is too little phosphorus, especially In tho case of fruit trees, the development of fruit is checked. Adding bnrnynrd manure to the soil helps to keep up the supply of theso two materinls. On farms where little stock is kont or whom grain has been raised continually for years nnd little attention pnld to tho soli It is sometimes necessary to apply phosphorus and potassium in the form of commercial fertilizers. In the enslern part of this country there are many farms that have be come so badly run down that crons will not grfw nt nil Unless they nro fed with commercial fertilizers. These are m-y expensive, mid It often takes nearly all n farmer makes to pny his fertilizer bills. These farms would never have become so worn out if they had been properly cared for. Leaving plowed ground, especially on hillsides, exposed for several months durlug the fall nnd winter uIIowh much plant food to wash away.. Growing the sarao crop year after year wears out tho land rapidly. Different crops requlro dlffercut kinds of food. By chnnglng crops from year to year no one food material Is used to excess nnd the others wasted. By keeping as much stock on the farm ns possible, saving the manure carefully nnd spreading It on the fields before It rots or Reaches away and by using leguminous plants to gnther nitrogen the soil enn be kept well supplied with plant food. It Is much more profitable to feed tho crops In this way than to buy plant food on the market nt excesslvo prices. Usually, however, the plant is hungry for the mineral elements not because they are not in the soil, but because they are In u form In which It cannot get at them. The roots of the plant spread nil through the soli in search of food. If you will look nt a little root through a magnifying glnss you will see that It is covered with root hairs. It is through these root hairs that the plant takes up food from the soli. There are no openings directly Into them, but the walls aro so thin that the water can soak through to the Inside. Solid sub stances, of course, cannot get In, so that tho plant food must be dissolved In water beforo It can get into tho roots and so up to the chlorophyll, which Is waiting to build It into seeds or leaves. If the soil has been worked until it Is tine und loose each little particle Money Laid Out On Groceries in our store is always well spent You get your full moneys worth, besides the satis faction lllat votl nrn rnntiiminir nnlu mm goods, hven nil the Canned goods that are so much consumed during the summer season are bought by us from the most reputable nacklntr tinmen, wild ttmir nnnr antee that wo can warrant the purity ot each article to our customers. Our Pickles, Soup, Sardines and Fruits are the best manufactured today JAMES GRAHAM 9 jC J I J J jrpX-YrSSi When a Plumber is Needed send for us. Wo have plenty of time now to attend to all classes of work This is not our busy season and it wilt pay you to have your PLUMBING, HEATING, FITTING, etc., attended to now before tlio rush of work begins. Wc are thoroughly posted in our business and nn order from you will promptly put all our knowledge nnd skill nt vour service. The cost will not be great'. Fred Bren nan m Try My Flour and you won't have any more worry about your bread. My brands of At and Cow aro not excelled anywhere in this country, and ladies who have used them are my best advertisers- 1 Phone No. 71 Res. Phone No. 95 J. ROWAN THE FLOUR AND FEED MAN G. G. Gaoshv T. J. TllRBLKELD THE GADSBY STORE Funeral Directors and Embaimers. FUNERAL SUPPLIES OFFICE PHONE 493 RESIDENCE PHONES 207 and 510 J. N. Stuhgeon S. G, Young - kio. rv irAON'triED section op undkb- BIDK OK LEAF SHOWING nUEATHWa I'OUKS A, A, A. will become surrounded by water, which will readily dissolve the plant food from it. If, on the other hand, the soil Is in tho form of chunks and clods very little of tho plant food can be dissolved. The plant food tliat is oh the Inside of a clod might ns well bo out In the road or over on one of the neighbors' farms. Somo of the potassium and phos phorus will not dissolve even when brought in contact with water. It take n long contact with tho air to caiwo chemical act low which will clutnge it into a soluble form. Con tinual stirring of the soli hastens this cliniigc. Thorough stirring also loos ons up tho ground so that air can got down to the roots. Without aid thoy will stop growing and tho entire work of tho plant will stop. Tho yollow ap pearance of a patch of corn In a low plure whore tho ground is water soak ed la duo to luck of air about the roots. Sturgeon & Young DRAY LINE (Successors to G. W. Zobel) Office Phone 139. Residence Phone 142. H. NELSON, Painting, Paper Hanging and Kalsomining Phone 64I Alliance, Nebr. A. D. NEW AUCTIONEER ELLSWORTH, - NEBR. Col. New has had 2; vears' experience and is one of the most successful auctioneers in the northwest. Dates made at this office