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2 JAM31 1 v vl 1C r'W . I
.-DAKOTA COUNTY HERALD
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4
CANADA DID WELL
Honors Worthily Won at Interna
tional Live Stock Show.
Friendly Rivalry at Chicago Splendid.
ly Revealed the Possibilities of
Our Northern Neighbor.
Further evidence, If any were needed,
of the friendly relations between Can
adu nd the United States might
liavc Iwen found by u visit to the In
ternational Live Stock Show recently
held at the Chicago Stock Yards.
There the Canadian and American
wcru to be found side by side In the
friendliest competition, the loser will
ingly admitting defeat when the other
fellow carried off the blue ribbon.
Some of die Choicest nnd best of
Canadian stock was there, and much
of It returned loaded down with rib
tons denoting flrsts, championships
that indicate pedigree, breeding and,
worth, and cups and trophies thnt
were won in hard and severe contests.
I'.ie hay and grain classes were
points of great Interest, and here
Canada did well, securing many
prizes.
Twenty-five first prizes were listed
In the oats class; Canada carried
away 22 of them. A sample of oats
from the Province of Alberta, weigh
ing -18 pounds to the bushel, was the
Hicavtcst sample In the show. It was
Alberta oats that took the sweep
stakes, the exhibitor in this case, J.
W. Lucas, of Cayley, repeating what
he did last yei"-.
In wheat there were 25 first prizes
to he awarded; Canada got 23 of
them.
The greatest Interest was shown
when the horse classes were called.
Here also Canada stood well (to the
front. Tlie Percheron entries showed
that Canada breeders were popular
and successful exhibitors. Champion
'.Khins were awarded to a number, and
first prizes were common. The same
anay be said of Clydesdales. This
'breed stood out prominently, there
-were many entries, and this old-time
poputar breed had an unusual num
ber of admirers. This was especially
430 In "Wee Donald's" case. Here was
4t Saskatchewan horse, his owner tak
ing back to Canada the grand cham
pionship. Not only has he done It this
rycar, but last year as well two years
In succession something never before
done at the Live Stock show. In
Clydesdales Canada won places In
every class In which entries . were
made.
The same story could be repeated In
heep and hogs, honors being heaped
upon honors on Canadian entries.
Particularly important Is the fact that
first prize for alfalfa seed was
Awarded for seed grown at Brooks,
Alberta, In competition with 43 en
tries. Alfalfa growing in Western
Canada lias been Increasing by leaps
and bounds, and this victory will give
it and the dairy industry, which is
always linked with It a further im
petus. A visit to the Canadian government
xiiiblt of grains, grasses, vegetables,
Irults, minerals and other products
of the Dominion to the north, revealed
In tabloid form what the great coun
try to the north could do. A great
Interest was aroused In this exhibit,
and it was greatly admired by visitors
to the Live Stock show. Representa
tives of the government were on hand
for the purpose of giving Information
to thone desiring It. Advertisement
Foolish Question.
Careless Ike Any of you fellows
eee a pair of leggings around hero?
Boston Mike Well, as there are
about two hundred men In this com
pany and they all wear leggings, I
don't suppose it would surprise them
any If they did see a pair. The Leath
erneck. A Grievous Mistake.
At Jim Rose's boarding house Is a
fellow all out o' humor. He does his
own mending likes to do It. Hasn't
a wife to do It for him, so just does
It himself. But what he's nngry about
Is well, he has reason for feeling a
bit feverish In temperature. The other
day he made the mistake of cutting a
leg from his Sunday trousers to patch
a pair of old ones. Exchange,
Blue Nose.
Blue Nose Is a popular namo for a
native of Nova Scotia. Hallburton, in
Sam Slick," gives the following ac
count of its origin ; " 'Pray, sir,' said
one of my fellow passengers, 'can you
tell me why the Nova Scotlans are
called Blue Nose?' 'It Is the name of
a potato, wild I, 'which they produce
In the greatest perfection, and boast
1o be the best In the world. The
.Americans have In consequence, given
them the nickname 'Blue Noses.'"
( Railroad Improvement.
A south coast railway company Is
experimenting with a new engine which
can not ouly go from side to side but
forward. London I'unch.
"God Be With Ye."
As n matter of fact wo English--speaking
folk have a word to say at
parting which means a lot. "Good-by"
Is a contraction of "God bo with ye,"
but ot 110 person I" n million thinks
of ihls when using It. While we may
not object to our butcher having divine
guidance, the wish Is certnlnly not
In nur mind when we say to him over
tlih telephone: "Now don't forgot
about the lamb chops; good-by!" ,
Cooks may come and cooks may go,
but the earing habit stays forever.
PUiTOIKS
CO-OPERBTIi III
RESTORING WORLD
Points Out to Congress What He
Considers the Imperative
Duty of the I .iteel
States.
PARTY HOLDING POWER
MUST TAKE ACTION
MESSAGE POINTS OUT FLAWS IN
JONES ACT, FOR DEVELOPMENT
OF MERCHANT MARINE
Immediate Tariff Legislation the Presi
dent Holds as a Paramount Nec
essity Need for Exchange of Trade
With Other Nations Would Have
Authorized Settlements of Debts
With Other Nations Would Have
Problems Must Be .Considered
Equality of Opportunity In the
Country Nontaxable Bonds Opposed
Armament Limitation.
Washington, Dec. C. President Har
ding's message to congress was tfs
follows :
Mr. Speaker and Members of the Con
gress: It Is a. very gratifying privilege
to appear before the congress with the
republic at peace 'with all tho nations of
the woria. More, It is equally gratifying
to report that our country is not only free
from every Impending menace of war, but
there are growing assurances of tho per
manency of the peace which we so deeply
cherish.
For approximately ten years we havo
dwelt amid menaces of wars, or as par
ticipants In war's actualities, and tho in
evitable aftermath, with its disordered
conditions, has added to the difficulties of
government which adequately cannot be
appraised except by those who are In im
mediate contact and know the responsi
bilities. Our task would be less difficult
if we had only ourselves to consider, but
so much of the world was Involved, the
disordered conditions are so well nigh uni
versal, even among nations not engaged
In actual warfare, that no permanent re
adjustment con be effected without con
sideration of our Inescapable relationship
to world affairs in finance and trade. In
deed, we should be unworthy of our best
traditions if we were unmindful of social,
moral and political conditions which are
not of direct concern to us, but which do
appeal to the human sympathies and In
terest of a people blessed with our na
tional good fortune.
Need for Restoration of World.
It is not my purpose to bring to you a
program of world restoration. In the
main, such a program must be worked
out by the nations more directly con
cerned. They must themselves turn to
the heroic remedies for the menacing con
ditions under which they are struggling;
then we can help, and we mean to help.
We shall do so unselfishly, because
there Is compensation In consciousness
of assisting, selfishly because the com
merce and international exchanges In
trade, which marked our high tide of for
tunate advancement, are possible only
when the nations of all continents are re
stored to stable order and normal re
lationships. In the main, the contribution of this
republic to restored normalcy in the
world must come through the Initiative
of the executive branch of tho govern
ment, but the best of Intentions and most
carefully considered purposes would fall
utterly If the sanction and the co-operation
of the congress were not heartily
accorded.
I am very sure we shall have no con
flict of opinion about constitutional duties
or authority. During the anxieties of
war, when necessities seemed compelling,
there were excessive grants of authority
and an extraordinary concentration of
powers In the Chief Executive. The re
peal of wartime legislation and the auto
matic expirations which attend the peace
proclamations have put an end to thoso
emergency excesses, but I have the wish
to go further than that. I want to join
you in restoring, in the most cordial way.
the spirit of co-ordination and co-operation
and that mutuality of confidence and
respect which Is necessary In representa
tive popular government.
Harmony Imperative Need.
Incroachment upon the functions of
congress or attempted dictation of its
Solicy are not to be thought of, much less
ttempted, but there Is an insistent call
for harmony of purpose and accord of
action to speed the solution of the diffi
cult problems confronting both the legis
lative and executive branches of the gov
ernment. It is worthi while to make allusion here
to the character of our government,
mindful, as one must be, that an address
to you Is no less a message to all our
people, for whom you speak most Inti
mately. Ours Is a popular government
through political parties. We divide along
political lines, and I would ever havo It
lo. I do not mean that partisan prefer
ences should hlndor any public servant In
the performance of a conscientious and
patriotic official duty. We saw partisan
lines utterly obliterated when war Im
periled, and our faith In the republic was
riveted anow. Wo ought not find these
partisan lines obstructing. the expeditious
Solution of the urgent problems of peace.
Republican Responsibility.
Granting that we are fundamentally
a representative government, with po
litical parties the governing agencies,
l believe the political party In power
should assumo responsibility, uetor
mlne upon policies In the conference
which supplements conventions and
election campaigns, and then strike
for achievement through adherence to
the accepted policy.
There is vastly greater security. Im
mensely more of the national view
point, much la'rger and prompter ac
complishment where our divisions ar
along party lines, In tho broad anu
loftier course, than to divide geo
graphically, or according to partisan
or personal following. For a century
and a third, partisans have been
charged with responsibility and held
to etrlot accounting. When they, fall,
they are relieved of authority, 'and the
system has brought us to a national
eminence no less than a world ex
ample. Necessarily legislation Is a matter
of compromise. The full ideal is sel
dom attained. ,ln that meeting of
minds necessary to Insure results there
must and will be accommodations and
compromises, but In the estimate of
convictions and sincere purposes, tho
Biiprcme responsibility to national in
terest must not be Ignored The shield
to tho high-minded public servant who
would ndhere to party polloy Is mani
fest, but the higher purpose Is the
good of the republic as a whole.
Extols Work of Congress.
It would be ungracious to wit lold
acknowledgment of tho really arge
volume and excellent quality e work
accomplished by the extraordir ,j ses
pinn of congress which so recently
adjourned. I am not unmindful of
the very difficult tasks with which you
were called to deal, .ami no one can
ignoro the insistent conditions which,
during recent years, have called for
the continued and almost exclusive
attention of your membership to ptm
llc work. It would suggest insincer
ity if I expressed complete accord
with every expression recorded in
your roll calls, but wo nro all agreed
about tho difficulties nnd tho Inevit
able divergence of opinion in seeking
be content with the billion dollar re
adjustment of the burdens of taxa
tion, Later on. when other problems
are solved, 1 shall make some rec
ommendations about renewed consid
eration of our tax progress, but for
the Immediate time before us wo must
be content with the billion dolar re
duction In tho drnft upon the people,
nnd diminished irritations, banished
uncertainty nnd Improved methods of
collection, lly your sustalnment of
the rigid economies already inaugur
ated, wit hoped-for extension of
thoso economies and added efficiencies
in ndmlnlstrntlon. I believe further
reductions may be enacted and hin
dering burdens nbollshrd.
In theso urgent economies we shall be
limncnsoly assisted by tho budget system
for which you made provision in tho ex
traordinary session. Tho llrst budget Is
before you. Its preparation Is a signal
achievement, nnd the perfection of the
system, a thing Impossible In tho few
months available for Us Initial trial, will
mark Its enactment as the beginning of
the greatest reformation In governmental
practices since the beginning of the re
public. As to Foreign Loans. .
There Is ponding a grant of authority
to the administrative branch of tho gov
ernment for the funding and settlement
of our vast foreign loans, growing out
of our grant of war credits. With tho
hands or the executive branch held im
potent to deal with theso debts, we aro
hindering urgent readjustments among our
debtors anu accomplishing nothing for
ourselves. 1 think It Is fair for tho con
gress to assume that the executive
branch of the government would udopt no
major policy In dealing with those mat
ters which would conflict with the purpose
of congress in authorizing tho loans, cer
tainly not without asking congressional
approval, but there are minor probloms
incident to prudent loan transactions and
the safeguarding of our Interests which
cannot even bo attempted without this
authorization. It will bo helpful to our
selves and It will improvo conditions
among our debtors If funding and tho set
tlement of defaulted Interest may be ne
gotiated. Merchant Marine.
The previous congress, deeply concerned
In behalf of our merchant marine, In
1930 enacted the existing shipping laws,
designed for the upbuilding of tho Amer
ican merchant marine. Among other
things provided to encourage our ship
ping on tho world's seas, the executive
was directed to give notice of the termi
nation of all existing commercial treaties
in order to admit of reduced duties on
Imports carried in American bottoms.
During the life of the act no executive
has compiled with this order of the con
gress. When tho present administration
came into responsibility, it began an early
Inquiry into the falluro to execute tho
expressed purpose of the Jones act. Only
one conclusion has been possible. Frank
ly, members of house and senate, eager
as I am to Join you In tho making of an
American merchant marine commensurato
with our commerce, tho denouncement of
our commercial treaties would involve us
in a chaos of trade relationships and add
indescribably to tho confusion of the al
ready disordered commercial world.
Our powor to do so Is not disputed, but
power and ships, without comity of re
lationship, will not give us tho expanded
trade which is Inseparably llnkod with a
great merchant marine. Moreover, the
applied reduction of duty, for which the
treaty denouncements were necessary, en
couraged only the carrying of dutiable
Imports to our shores, while the tonnago
which unfurls our flag on the seas Is both
free and dutiable, and the cargoes which
make a nation eminent In trade aro out
going rather than Incoming.
It is not my thought to lay tho problem
In detail before you today. It Is desired
only to say to you that the executive
branch of the government, uninfluenced
by the nrotost of any nation, for none
has been made, is well convinced that
your proposal, highly Intended and heart
ily supported here, Is so fraught with dif
ficulties and so marked by tendencies to
discourage trade expansion that I invite
your tolerance of non-compliance for a
vory few weeks until a plan may be pre
sented which contemplates no greater
draft upon the public treasury and which,
though yet too crudo to offer it today,
gives such promise of expanding our mer
chant marlno that it will arguo its own
approval. It Is enough to Bay today that
wo are so possessed of ships, and tho
American intention to establish a mer
chant marine is so unalterable, that a
plan of reimbursement, at no other cost
than Is contemplated In tho existing act,
will appeal to tho pride and encourage
the hope of all tho American people
Need of Tariff Legislation.
There Is before you tho completion of
tho enactment of what has been formed a
"permanent" tariff law, tho word "per
manent" being used to distinguish it from
the omergency act which Is tho law to
day, I cannot too strongly urge an early
completion of this necessary legislation.
It Is needed to stabilize our Industry at
homo; it is essential to make mora dollulte
our trade relations abroad. More, it Is
vital to the preservation of many of our
own Industries which contributo so nota
bly to the very life blood of our nation.
There is now, and there alwaya will be,
a storm of conflicting opinion about any
tariff revision. We can not go far wrong
when we base our tariffs on the policy of
preserving the productive activities which
enhance employment and add' to our na
tional prosperity.
Must Be Exchange of Trade.
Again comes the reminder that we
must not be unmindful of world condi
tions, that peoples aro struggling for in
dustrial rehabilitation and that wo can
not dwell in Industrial and commercial ex
clusion and at the samo time do tho Just
thing in aiding world reconstruction and
readjustri.onu We do not seek a solilsh
aloofness, nnd we could not prott by It,
were it possible. Wo recognlzo the ne
cessity of buying wherever wo sell, and
the permanency of trado lies In its accept
able exchanges. Wo cannot sell to others
wiio do not produco, nor can wo buy un
less wo produce at home.
Nation's Duty to Itself.
Everything relating to trade, among
ourselves and among nations, has been
expanded, excessive, inflated, abnormal,
and there is a madness lu Jlnanco which
no American policy alone will cure. We
are a creditor nation, not by normal proc
esses, but made so by war. It Is not an
unworthy selfishness to seek to save our
selves when the processes of that salva
tion are not only not denied to others,
but commended to them. We seek to un
dermlno for others no industry by which
they subsist; we are obligated to permit
the undermining of none of our own
which make for employment and main
tained activities.
Every contemplation magnifies tho diffi
culty of tariff legislation, but tho neces
sity of the revision Is magnified with It.
Doubtless we are Justified In seeking a
more flexible policy than we have pro
vided heretofore. I hope a way will bo
found to' mako for flexibility ancr elat
tlclty, so that rates may be adjusted to
meet, unusuat and changing conditions
which cannot be accurately anticipated.
I know of no manner In .which to effoct
this flexibility other than the extension
of tho powers of tho tariff commission,
so that It can adapt Itself to a scientific
and wholly Just administration of the
law.
I am not unmindful of tho constitutional
difficulties. These can be met by giving
authority to tho Chief Executive, who
could proclaim additional duties to meet
conditions which the congress may desig
nate. At ths point I must disavow any desire
to enlarge the executive's powers or add
to the responsibilities of the office. They
are already too large. If there were any
other plan, I would prefer It,
Question of Valuations.
Thero is a manifest difference of
opinion about tho merits of American
valuations. Muny nations havo adopt
ed delivery valuation as tho vuluation
lor collecting duties; that Is. they tako
the rost of tho Imports delivered at
th port of entry as tho basis for levy
ing duty. It Is no radical departure
In view of varying conditio!, ind the
disordered state of money values to
provide for American valuation, but
thore cannot bo Ignored tho danger of
such a valuation, brought to the level
of our own production costs, making
our tariffs prohibitive. It might do
so In many Instances where Imports
ought to be encouraged. I believe
congress ought to well consider tho
desirability of tho only promising al
ternative, namely a provision author
izing proclaimed American valuation,
under prescribed conditions, on any
given list of articles Imported.
In this proposed flexibility, author
izing increases to meet conditions so
likely to change, there should also be
Crovlslons for decrease. A rate may
e Just today and entirely out of pro
portion six months from today. If
our tariffs are to bo made cqultablo,
and not necessarily burden our Im
ports and hinder our trade abroad,
frequent adjustment will bo necessary
for years to como. Knowing tho Im
possibility of modification by act of
congress for any one or a score of
lines without involving a long array
of schedules, I think we shall go a
long way towar'd stabilization, if there
Is recognition of the tariff commis
sion's fitness to recommend urgent
changes by proclamation.
Early Determination Needed.
I am sure about nublc opinion favoring
the early determination of our tariff
policy. Thore have bcon reassuring
signs of a business revival from tho deep
slump which all 'the world has been ex
periencing. Our unemployment, which
gave us grave concern only a few weeks
ago, has grown encouragingly less, and
now assurances and ronowed confidence
will attend the congressional declaration
that American Industry will bo held so
cure.
Much has been said about tho protec
tive policy for ourselves making It Im
possible for our debtors to discharge
their obligations to us. This Is a con
tention not pressing tor decision. If
wo must choose botween a people In Idle
ness pressing for tho payment of indebt
edness, to a pcoplo resuming tho normal
ways of employment nnd carrying the
credit, let us choose tho latter. Some
times we nnpralso largest tho human 111
most vivid In our minds. Wo have been
giving, and are giving now, of our Influ
ence and appeal to minimizing tho likeli
hood of war and throw off tho crushing
burden of armament. It is nil very ear
nest, with a national soul impelling. Ilut
a people unemployed and gaunt with hun
ger face a situation quite ns disheartening
as war. and our greater obligation today
is to do tho government's part toward
resuming productivity and promoting for
tunato and ronumeratlvo employment.
Help for Agriculturists.
Something moro than tariff protection
Is roqulred by American agriculture. To
the farmer has come tho earlier and the
heavier burdens of readjustment. There is
actual depression in our agricultural in
dustry, while agricultural prosperity is
absolutely essential to tho general pros
perity of tho country.
o,w atihor "hocWns to be told that
&.000.000 bales of cotton raised on Ameri
can plantations In a given year will ac
tually be worth more to the producers
than 13,000.000 bales would havo been. Es
pecially shocking is the statemont that 700,.
000,000 bushels of wheat raised by Amer
ican farmers would bring tltem more
than a billion bushels. Yet theso aro not
exaggerated statements. In a world
WnHrethero,ar ,t.ens of millions who
need food -and clothing which they cannot
get, such a condition Is auro to indict the
social system which makes Jt possible.
Co-operation Advocated.
fHhim!!6 nUi!n' th8 remedy es in dis
tribution and marketing. Every proper
encouragement should bo given to the co
operative marketing programs. These
have proven very helpful to tho co-operating
communities in Europe; In Hussla
the co-operative community has become
the recognized bulwark of law and order,
and saved individualism from engulfment
... UUwu. futuioiB. uuimaieiy uiey will
be accredited with the salvation of the
Russian state.
There Is tho appeal for this experiment.
TiSK n?t.,tr'.ItT No ono challenges tho
rigilt or thn rnrmAf n tn... i .
- - .. ..v. ... u, iu.ie.ci Duma ul
tho consumers' pay for his product, no one
disputes that we can not live without tho
rarmer. He is Justified in rebelling
against tho transportation cost. Given a
fair return for his labor, he will havo
less occasion to appoai for financial aid,
and given assurance that his labors shall
not be In vain, we reassuro all tho people
of a production sufficient to meet our na
tional requirement and guard against dis
aster. The base of tho pyramid of civilization,
which rests upon tho soil, Is shrinking
through the drift of population from farm
to city. For a generation we havo boen
expressing moro or loss concern about
this tendoncy. Economists havo warned
and statesmen havo deplored. Wo thought
for a timo that modern conveniences pnd
the moro Intimate contact would hnlt tho
movomont, but it has gono steadily on.
Perhaps only grim necessity will correct
it, but wo ought to find a less drnstlo
remedy.
Need for Freight Readjustment.
Thp existing scheme of adjusting
freight rates has bcon favoring tho
basing points, until industries nro at
tracted to some centers and ropolled
from others. A great volumo of un
economic nnd wasteful transportation
has attended, and tho cost, increased
accordingly. Tho grain-milling and
men,t-packng Industries offer ample
illustration, und tho attending concen
tration Is readily npparent. Tho men
aces In concentration aro not limited
to the retarding Influences on agricul
ture. Manifestly tho conditions and
terms of railway transportation ought
not to be permitted to Increase this un
desirable tendency". Wo have a Just
pride In our great cities, but we shall
"nil a greater pride in tho nation
whiefh has a larger distribution or Its
population IntU tho country; where
comparatively self-sufflclent smaller
communities may plant agricultural
and manufacturing interests in har
monious helpfulness and enhanced
good fortune. Buch a movement con
tomplatOB no destruction of things
wrought, of Investments mndo or
wealth involved. It only looks to a
general policy of transportation of dis
tributed Industry, nnd of highway
construction to encourngo the spread
of our population nnd restore tho
propor balance between city nnd conn.
try. The problem may well have your
earnest attention.
Sees Elimination of Poverty.
It hns been perhaps tho proudest
claim of our American civilization
that in dealing with human relation
ships It has constantly moved toward
such Justice in distributing the prod
uct of human enorgy that it hue lni-
lirni'BH nnntlnitnll.ltf li r. .ww. . r. n. I ..
stutus of the mass of people. Ours
has ben a highly productive nodal
organization. On the way up from the
elemental stages of society we have
eliminated slavery and serfdom and
are far on tho way to tho elimination
of poverty.
Through thi eradication of illiteracy
and the diffusion of education, man
kind has reached a stage where we
may fairly say thnt In the United
States equality of npporunlty has been
attained, though nil arc not prepared
to embrace It. There Is, Indeed, a too
great divergence betwoen the economic
conditions of the most and least fav
ored classes in the community. Hut
even that divergence has not come to
the point where wo bracket the very
poor and the very rich together ns
the least fortunate classes. Our ef
forts may woll bo directed to Improv-
l.n. ,1... n... . t.n.t.
I1IH .llt3 PllliUn I'l tf.Jlll.
While this set of problems Is com
monly comprehended under tho gen
eral phrase "Capital and Labor, It
Ib really vnstly broader. It Is a
question of social and economic organ
ization, Uihor has become a large
contributor, through its savings, to
the stock of capital, whlio the pco
plo who own the largest Individual
aggregates of capital are themselves
ofton hard nnd earnest laborors. Very
often It Is extremely difficult to ilr.-uv
the ilno of differentiation between the
two groups; to determine whether a
pnrtlculur Individual Is entitled to bo
set down ns laborer or ns capitalist.
In a very large proportion rt cases
ho Is both, und when he Is both, he
Is the most useful citizen.
Rights of Labor and Cap'tal,
The right of labor to organize Is
Just as fundamental nnd necessary ns
is me right ot capital to organize.
I The right of labor to negotiate, to
deal with and solve Its particular
problems in an organized way, through
Its chosen agents, Is Just ns essential
as Is tho right of capital to organize,
to maintain corporations, to limit the
liabilities of stockholders. Indeed, e
havo como to recognlzo thnt tho 1 Inv
ited liability of tho citizens' as n mem
ber of a labor organization closoly
parallels the limitation of liability
of tho citizen as a stockholder In a
corporation for profit. Along this lint
of reasoning wo shall mako tho great
est progress toward solution of oui
problem of capital and labor.
Just ns it Is not deslrablo that i
corporation shall be allowed to lm
nose undue exactions upon the pub
lic, so It Is not desirable that a labor
organization shall be permitted to ex
act unfair terms of employment or
subject the public to actual distresses
In order to enforce its terms. Finally,
Just ns wo are earnestly seeking for
procedures whereby to adjust and set
tle political difficulties between na
tions without resort to war, so we
may well look about for means to set
tle tho differences between organized
capital nnd organized labor without
resort to tho forms of warfare which
wo recognlzo under the name of
strikes, lockouts, boycotts, and the
like.
As we havo great bodies of law
carefully regulating tho organizations
nnd operations of Industrial and
financial corporations, so wo might
well havo plan of conference, of com
raw council, of mediation, arbitra
tion nnd Judicial determination In con
troversies botween labor and capital.
To accomplish this would Involve the
necessity to develop a thoroughgoing
codo ot practice In dealing with such
nffairs. With right privileges. Im
munities and modes of organization
thus carefully defined. It should be
possiblo to set up Judicial or quasi
Judicial tribunals tor the considera
tion nnd determination of all disputes
which menace tho public welfare.
Holds Strike Out of Place.
In an Industrial sooiety such ns ours
the strike, tho lockout and the boy
cott aro ns much out of place nnd as
disastrous In their results ns is war or
armed revolution in the domain of pol
itics. Tho samo disposition to reason
ableness, to conciliation, to recogni
tion of tho other side's point of view,
the same provision of fair nnd recog
nized tribunals and processes ought to
mako It possible to solve tho ono set
of questions ns easily as the other.
I believe tho solution is possible.
'Che consideration of such a policy
would necessitate tho excrclso of care,
of deliberation in the construction
of a codo nnd a charter of olcmontal
rights, dealing with tho relations of
employer and employee. This founda
tion in tho law, dealing with tho mod
ern conditions of social nnd economic
life, would hasten the building of the
temple of pence in Industry which a
rejoicing nation would ncclnlm.
Advises Land Reclamation.
After each war, until the last, the
government has been able to give
homes to Its returned soldiers, and a
largo part of our settlement nnd de
velopment has nttonded this generous
provision of land for the nation's de
fenders. There Is yet unreserved approximate
ly 200,000.000 acres In tho public do
main, 20,000,000 ncrcs of which nre
known to bo susceptible of reclama
tion and made fit for homes by pro
vision for irrigation.
Point to Swamp Lands.
Contemplating tho inevltnblo rtnd de
nlrntitn Inr-ronun nf nonulnton. there Is
nnothor phnso of reclamation full worthy
of consideration, Thero are 79,000.000 acres
of BWamp nnd cut-over lands which
may bo reclaimed nnd made ns valuable
as any farm lands wo possoss. Theso
acres aro largely located In southern
states, and the greater proportion ts
owned by the states or by private citi
zens. Congress has a report of the sur
vey of this field for reclamation, and the
icasimuty is cstnmisuca. i giauiy recom
mend federal aid, by wuy of advances
where Btato and private participation Is
assured.
Homcmaklng Is ono of greater benefits
which government can best own. Meas
ures are pending embodying this sound
policy to which wo may well adhore. It
is easily possiblo to make avatlablu per
manent homes which will provide, In
turn, for prosperous American families
without injurious competition with estab
lished activities or lmposlton on wealth
already acqurod.
Plea for Aid to' Russia.
While we are thinking of promot
ing tho fortunes of our own people.
I am suTo thoro Is room In tho sympa
thetic thought of Amorlcu for fellow
human beings who are suffering and
dying of starvation In Hussla. A se
vere drought In tho valley of tho Vol
ga has plunged 15,000,000 peoplo Into
grievous famine. Our voluntary
agencies aro exorttng themselves to
the utmost to save tho lives of chil
dren lji this area, but It Is now evi
dent that unless relief Is afforded,
tho loss of life will extend into tho
millions, Americans cannot bo deaf
to such a call ns that
Wo do not recognize tho government
of Russia, nor tolerato tho propagan
da which emanntos therefrom, but wo
do not forgot tho traditions of Ilus--slnn
friendship. Wo may put aside
our consideration of all international
politics and fundamental differences
In government. The big thing Is tho
call of the suffering and tho dying.
Unreservedly 1 recommend tho appro
priation necessary to supply tho Amer
ican relief administration with 10,000,
000 bushels ot cam and 1,000,000 bush
els of seed grains, not alone to halt
tho wave of death through starva
tion, but to enable spring planting In
areas whore tho seed grains have boen
cxnnusicu temporarily to stem starva
tion. Tho American relief administration
is directed in Russia by former ffi
cors of our own armies, and has ful
ly demonstrated its ability to trans
port and dlstrlbuto relief through
American hands without hlndrunco or
loss. Tho time hap chmo to ndd tho
government's support to tho wonderful
relief already wrought out of tho gen
erosity of the Amoricun prlvato purse,
I am not unaware that wo have suf
fering and privation at home. When
It oxceeds tho capacity for tho relief
within tho states concerned it will
have federal consideration. It 'sconm
to mo w should be 'ndlfferent to our
own hcurt prompting and out of uc
cord with tho splrl- which acclaims
tho Christmas-tide i. we do not give
out of nur national ubundunce to
lighten this burden of woo upon a
peoplo blameless and helpless In fam
ine peril.
There nro n full score of topics con
corning which it would Ijo becoming
to address you, nnd on which I hope
to make a report at a later time. I
have alluded to the things requiring
your earlier attention. However. II
cannot end this limited address with
out a suggested amondment to tho or
ganic law, '
Opposes Nontaxable Bonds.
Many of us belong to that nchool of
thought which Is hesitant about alter
ing the fundamental law. I think our
tax problems, tho tendency of wealth
to seek nontaxable Investment, and
tho menacing Increases of nubile debt,
federal, state and municipal, all Justi
fy a proposal to change the Constitu
tion so as to end the Issue of nontax
able bonds. No action can change the
status of tho mnny billions outstand
ing but we can gunrd against future
encouragement of cunltal'ii rmmivuiu
while a hnlt In tho growth of public
Indebtedness would bo beneficial
throughout our whole land.
Such a chmige In tho Constitution must
bo very thoroughly considered before sub
mission. I BUggest the consideration be
cause tho drltt of wraith into nontaxable
securities Is hindering the flow of large
rnpltttl to ou? Industry, manufacturing,
agricultural and carrying, until wo am
discouraging the very activities which
make our wealth.
Agreeable to your expressed deslro and
In complete accord with the purposes of
the executive branches of tho govern
ment, there Is In Washington, ns you
happily, know, an International confer
ence, most earnestly at work on plans for
tho limitation of nrmamentu and a naval
holiday und the Just settlement of prob
lems which Mlijht develop Into onuses ot
International disagreement,
It Is easy to bollevo n world hop Is
centered ou this capital elf. A most
gratifying world accomnlishmfnt u ?m
I Improbable.
Chick that Cold and
Gtt Rid of that Cough
It is dangerous to let them r
A tenia laxative of direct and
positive acuoa
upon
Fw
Twt
tffttratiMs
Pa-nwia fcu nnmd
tto rnlllhla tmitniHit
lor Mddlnr the syitesa
h uicaurrnu nniaruM.
It aids dlffMtian. atlmii.
lates tha Urer and bowal
action, enrich tha blood,
tonaa un tha ntrroua vm-
Urn and soothes the inflam
ed and congested tnucoua
llnlma.
Dement and dependable
la tha verdict of thousands.
UU Evtrywhtr
TaMitsrUf4
Vaseline
RrjUS.Pat.Oir.
PETROLEUM JELLY
For burns, cuts,
sprains and all
skin irritations.
Relieves dryness
of scalp.
REFUSE SUBSTITUTES
St Sirtrt ITcw.Yerk
New Method
Nujol is a lubricant,
not a laxative.
Without forcing or irri
tating, Nujol softens the
food waste.iThe many
tiny muscles in the
intestines can then re
move it regularly. Ab
tolutely harmless- tryit.
TUMo&rnMtdei
tfTtttingtmOU
Cmflml
Cuticura Soap
Complexions
Are Healthy
Soap 25c, (Habitat 25 and 50c, Talcs 25c.
After Five Years of H. C. L.
North I used to bo poor, but proud.
Wcit Yes?
North I nm no longer proud.
A fanner thinks almost nny town la
irood enough not. to knock on.
Have You a Cough ?
HowU Your Blood ?
Hero'a How' to Get Rid of the
Cough and Rebuild the Body
Waterloo, Iowa "I can highly
recommend Dr. Picrco's Goldon Medical
Discovory. I have taken it as a blood
tonio, also for deep-seated coughs and
colds and it was very beneficial. It
liuildg up tho whole system in a good
healthy condition amd makes for rich
pure blood." W. M. May, 913
Lafayctto St.
If you need a building-up tonio obtaia
Dr. Picrco's Golden Medical Discovory
from your nearest druggist, or write
Dr. Pierce, President Invalids' Hotel in
Buffalo, N. Y., for free medical advice.
They sny city young men nro the
healthiest. City young men seldom
get it chnnco to cat too much.
Something alwaya "turns up" tot
tho man who has a good plan.
Sure Relief
FOR INDIGESTION
6 Bell-ans
Hot wafer
Sure Relief
ELL-ANS
25t and 75& Packages. Everywhere1
UVWHinilUB? Nliiht end MornlnJ.
UBlN&
Have Strong, Halthy
. If they Tire,Itch,
Smart or Durn, if Sore,
V..2rw'C Irritated, Inflamed or
YOUR LYhj Granulated.useMurina
jflen. Soothasi Refreshes, Safe for
infant or Adult. At all Druggists. Write for
I'ree Eye Book. Hart Eyt Imtl j Ca., Chltii
UtlBBBB
armv
njTfv upontDBrou-ra.a y.al
iXflA oil mew .BjV r? -m mr
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