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DAKOTA COUNTY HERALD
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CAREFULLY PREPARING POULTRY
INSURES HIGHER MARKET PRICE
Preparing Poultry Under Modern Conditions for Market.
$&?2z?r.?355r mrm&L c&zzz,
A MEAIOIIIAL to Brig. Gen. Wll-
limn Crawford Gorgas, United
' States army, Is to be established
-p- In the form of "The Institute for
4" Itehearch In Tropical Diseases
(llld Mm Stnrlv ff Prntfi'Iltlve
Medicine."
This Gorgas memorial will be
established at Balboa, the Pa
cific entrance to the Panama
canal. The location is fitting,
since it wns General Gorgas who
made the construction of the
canal possible; It also puts the institute closely In
touch with its work.
The memorial will be of International character.
This W as it should 'be, since the fame of General
Gorgas Is world wide. It may be doubted if the
work of any single man has meant more to civil-.
Izatlnn. It was his sanitary work that demon
htrated to the world that the white man can live
and work In the tropics nnd maintain good health.
And the end is not yet, since when the time comes
that the North American continent Is crowded the
next great migration of the white 'man will be to
Central and South America. In fact It Is no ex
aggeration to say that the settling of the tropics
by the Caucasian dates from the completion of the
Panama canal.
Anyone who has seen the old Panama nt the
time "of the abandonment of the work of the first
canal, Involving so much wasted endrgy, life, and
money, with Its abnndoned equipment and the evi
dences of unsuccessful labor, and the thousands
of unknown nnd unnumbered graves of Its work
ers', cannot help but be struck with the present
aspect of Panama, Us splendid sanitation, Its beau
tiful cities, Its line hospltnls, and the magnificent
accomplishment of the completion of the work of
the canal, making it one of the most beautiful nnd
salubrious spots in the world, writes Hear Admiral
C. Bralsted, U. S. N., (Retired) In the Pan
American Union.
The accomplishment of this great work und the
(.unitary regeneration of Panama are due to the
efforts of the late William C. Gorgas, United
States army, and to his efforts more than to any
other the success of this work must be accredited.
Ills earlier work In the southern states and the
"West Indies, nnd particularly Cuba, and his later
efforts in Ecuador und Peru, and his projected
work In Africa give one .an Idea of the vast field
of splendid endeavor which he accomplished and
would have continued hnd his life been prolonged.
His reputation has gone forth to nil the world,
and he Is loved and revered In every household.
Perhaps no singlo life has ever made possible so
much for the good and well-being of humanity ns
lias that of Genernl Gorgas. There can be, there
fore, no question as to the desirability of erecting
home memorial which will do honor to this great
man.
Many types of memorials have been considered
in this connection, but I feel sure that the estab
lishment of this memorlnl, The Institute for He
fjpnrch In Tropical Diseases and the Study of Pre
ventive Medicine, carrying with It not only a per
manent monument to his memory, but one that
will continue his work nnd be of the greatest value
to the welfare of the entire world, would bo his
ideal of this commemorative effort. Panama, sit
uated In the heart of the Tropics and In the midst
of the Central nnd South American states, which of
fer a bplendld field for work of this kind, would
seem to be the Ideal location, furnishing a wealth
of material for the Institution which Is being
brought Into existence.
The honor for tho conception of this Idea and
of bringing It Into uctual existence must bo given
to Dr. Bellsnrio Porrns, the president of the re
public of Pannmn. It wns owing to his efforts and
those associated with him, such as tho DJon. Jo
nepli Lofpvre, the representative of the Pnnaman
government in Washington, that u provisional
board hns been established to begin and carry on
this worlt Deep Interest has been evinced In the
uofVbR of this, undertaking by all who have been
approached on the subject in every part of the
world, and especially by the presidents nnd repre
sentatives of the Central and South American re
publics, to whom the project has been made known
largely through the efforts of Dr. Franklin Martin,
who has just returned from u tour of these coun
tries, which he visits from time to time in the In
terests of the American College of Surgeons.
In this connection I would state that the sub-
ject of tropical medlclno has been one of deep
interest to all medical minds in every part of the
world. While much has been done In our largest
and best educational Institutions to endeavor to
carry on research work and to acquire knowledge
of tropical diseases, and n great deal accomplished
by many special Institutions and departments,
such ns the London und Liverpool schools of
tropical medicine, and the work of institutions
such as Harvard, Johns Hopkins, the University
of California, and many 'other organizations of
this kind, nevertheless, all this work has been
limited nnd hampered by the dearth of material
for such study and research, and on account of tho
distance of these Institutions from the tropclal
centers.
Pnnama offers the ideal situation In almost ev
ery respect for the successful Investigation of these
diseases, which have In the pnst proven to be nn
Insuperable obstacle to the development of some
of the most splendid sections of the earth. What
has been done In Pnnamn proves that hitherto
uninhabitable and undeveloped countries of the
greatest possibilities for successful human habi
tation, with attendant prosperity und well-being,
In tho most attractive and desirable pnrts of the
earth, are easily within our reach If we can apply
In their development the knowledge that will come
from this great Institution.
Another splendid feuture of this endeavor Is Its
international character, bringing about a com
munity of Interest and kindly intercourse among
the humanitarian lenders of nil countries, making
for a better and kinder feeling thnn has been pos
sible where the association has been one merely of
political und diplomatic relations. As a single
example of this, It Is my belief that nothing will
tend to cement the friendship of the American re
publics more than the common Inteiest and Inter
course brought about by tho work of this institu
tion for the welfare of their Individual countries.
Thq proposed memorial will consist of a digni
fied nnd clnssic building, housing the laboratories
for the work and providing every facility for the
teaching of students from the various countries
who may be privileged to undertake work at this
institution, nnd who will carry to their homes the
kmlwlodge that when applied will, it is hoped, pro
duce results as bplendld as have been produced
In Pannma Itself.
Until the completion of the Gorgas memorial
building proper the laboratories and equipment of
the new Santo Tomas hospital have been offered
for use, so thnt It Is hoped that active research
work may begin by January 1, 1022. This work
Is actually In progress now. The study of tho
plnns for the memorial building proper Is well
under wuy, and construction will bo begun us soon
us these are completed.
The Tropics, which nre so prolific In vegetation
of every kind, seem equnlly fertile in tho devel
opment of all types and kinds of dread diseases,
which tend to make them unsulted and Impossible
of habitation until careful sanitation mnkes them
safe, when they become the most desirable, the
most attractive, and most prosperous of abiding
places.
It would not bo feasible In this short article t
direct attention to nil the known diseases that it
would be possible to study In this Ihstltutlon, but
nmong them would be found such as malaria, yel
low fever, plague, dengue, human trypanosomiasis,
beriberi, pellagra, leprosy, the various helminthic
Infections, cholera, tho vnrlous mycoses, the my
loses, etc. Added to these are many unknown and
undiscovered bnnen of existence, which remain to
bo found out and to be made Innocuous, We nro
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but on the threshold of tremendous advances that
can and will he made through the efforts of re
search work. Every scientist today renllzes that
it needs only effort with willing, conscientious, and
untiring workers, and the proper provisions for
carrying on efforts of this kind, to discover and
control diseases In n wny that never was dreamed
of In the ages gone by. Already tho nucleus of a
corps of men specially skilled In tropical and pre
ventive medicine has been selected und Is await
ing assignment to work as soon as Ihe laborator
ies are ready. Almost nil the lending Institutions
have expressed nn Interest In the work and a de
sire, to send the best of their research workers to
take advantnge of the privileges they will bo of
fered at this Institution for an endeavor of this
kind.
It is hoped that many scholarships will he de
veloped In the great educntlonal Institutions which
will enable deserving young men of high attain
ments who wish to make a life work of these sub
jects to be sent to the Gorgas Memorial Instltuto
for a thorough grounding that will enable them
to carry on throughout their lives In nil countries,
the purposes that will mean so much to the well
being and happiness of their respective countries.
It must be lemembered that the dangers of trop
ical diseases are not confined to the Tropics alone,
but on account of world Intercourse are constant
ly belnjc cnrrled to the nou-troplcal countries, en
dangering their health and well-being. With this
institute at Panama, associated as It will be with
the health department of the republic and that of
the United States, whoso officers arc stationed In
Panama, the constant How of persons coming from
the Tropics through the canal to tho northern and
non-tropical countries will be under most enreful
supervision, and any dangerous element should he
discovered and taken care of at this point. The
splendid chain of hospitals already built und build
ing in Panama, which are the equal of any In the
world, furnish opportunity for the rare, Isolation,
treatment, and study of any infected persons that
may be found In view of this practical applica
tion of the work of the Institute It Is felt that all
countries luolveil will he Interested to assist In
the maintenance of the Institution when once es
tablished. To my mind one of the Important and special
departments of the Institute will he Its library. It
Is our hope to gather here the most complete ami
tlio finest library on the subjects of tropical pml
preventive medicine In the world.
It should he mentioned In this connection that
the headquarters of the provisional hoard have
been established at the Pan American Union, un
der the personal supervision of the director, Dr.
L. S. Howe, who Is a member of the provisional
board.
It Is easy fo.r one who has been In Panama to
picture this beautiful and useful institution, stand
ing upon the shores of the Pacific nnd nurroundod
by the buildings of the new Santo Tomua hospital
and those of the Panama Exposition, with their
beautiful gardens and artistic embellishment, and
to realize how splendid will be the ultimate result
of these endeavors tn perpetuate the life un4 orlt
of General Oorgus
(Prcparod by tho United States Depart
ment of Agriculture.)
Not a day passes that Inspectors
employed by city, stnto vr federal gov
ernment, do not condemn food of ono
kind or another dccaso 11 Is unfit for
human consumption. Sometimes this
is due to deliberate adulteration, an
Intention to defraud the purchasers,
but more often It Is tho result of im
proper packing, neglect to consider
temperatures to hu encountered In
transporting from point of origin to
destination, or failure to consider tho
tlmo which must ncccssnrlly elapso
before tho product Is likely to reach
tho consumers' tables.
All this entails not only great loss
In money, likely to be reflected In
prices demanded of the public, but
also It endnugcra tho public health,
because occasionally somo unworthy
article slips through Inspection nnd Is
served as food. Enough food products
spoil every week to form a very Im
portant purt of the unount needed' by
the people; nnd practically all of It
might he saved through intelligence
nnd care on the part of tho producers
and shippers.
After your chickens nru fuUoned and
rendy to kill, It will pay ybu to study
tho methods of killing, bleeding, pick
ing, chilling nnd packing described
fully In bureau of chemistry clrcu
'lars: 3, "How to Pick Chickens;" f2,
"How to Wrap Heads"; 01, "How to
Kill and Bleed MarKet Poultry." Is
sued by tho Department of Agricul
ture, these circulars may be had by
application to the division of publica
tions. The man who hopes to suc
ceed should know everything possible
about his proposed market, nnd Its de
mands. Broilers In Demand.
Ordinarily the demand Is for broil
ers of threo sizes squnb broilers,
small broilers and large broilers.
Squab broilers weigh, dressed, from
three-quarters to one pound; smnll
broilers, tho size most In domnnd the
grcutor purt 'of the year, weigh from
one to one nnd a quarter pounds ench,
nnd large brollors from one and one
half to two pounds.
Broilers may be sold ullve or
dressed, In tho discretion of tho ship
per; but If dressdd, this should bo
done according to tho demands of the
market, and these demands ono can
lenrn only by Inquiry and study. Get
ting tho product ready for the buyer
in tho public market has much to do
with tho price received. Tho nppenr
nnco of tho article, the innnucr In
KEEPING DOWN STABLE FLIES
Give Stable Refuse Proper Care and
8tack Straw So That It Will Not
Be Breeding Hole.
The nuraoers of sfoblo files can be
kept down by cnrlng properly for
stnblo refuse and by properly stacking
or otherwise disposing of strnw In a
way that will not mako It nttrnctlvo
as a breeding placo for tho files.
Flics cnuso much distress among mil
mats nnd at times heavy losses. Con
trol measures nre described In Farm
ers' Bulletin 1007. It can bo hnd free
of chnrgo by writing Division of Pub
lications, Washington, D. 0.
BIG VALUE OF FOREST TREES
Material Supplied for Use on Farm,
Such as Poles and Wood Pro
tect Live Stock.
Forest trees grown on tho form udd
to Its value and beauty. They supply
material for farm use, such 'as poles,
posts nnd cordwood; and they afford
shelter for live stock, and protect
crops nnd buildings from the hot
winds of summer and tho cold winds
of winter. Moreover, they often can
bo grown successfully on soils too poor
or on slopes too steep f6r tho success
ful production of tho ordinary agricul
tural crops.
APPLY LIMESTONE ANY TIME
Usually Done to Best Advantage .In
Late Summer When Teams and
Min Are Available.
Llmestono may be applied at any
tlmo when neu nnd teams urc avail
ible. but this usually Is dono to best
tdvantnge In Vato summer, fall or early
winter, IJ will seldom, If over, pay to
put on less than a ton to tho acre, and
more should bo used If tho soil Is
vory sour. Applications usually aro
not made more frequently than onco
In four to six yearn. Tho usual appli
cation varies from one to two and one
half tons an acre.
INCREASED NITROGEN SUPPLY
Element May Be Added by Proper
Soil Treatment, Rotation of
Crops and Phosphate. I
The supply of nitrogen, the most
cos-tly clement of food for plants, can
be Increased through proper boII
treatment, rotntton of crops, tho ad
dition of phosphate nnd llmestono nnd
the grpwlng and plowing under of
legumes. All stable manure is to bo
utilized, und on the older, worn soils
of tho Enat nnd South some commer
cial nitrogen may bo profitably used.
Following a crop thnt Is a heavy nitro
gen consumer with one that Is a light
user is good farm prnctlco.
which It Is packed, nnd its condition
these are tho points thnt mako a rep
utation for the shipper.
Temperature to Maintain.
The temperature of chickens when
they are alive is 103 degrees Fahren
heit. This must be reduced after kill
ing to 32 degrees Fahrenheit or less
before they can bo packed for long
hauls In refrigerator cars. Tho time
required to chill fowls usunlly.Ls about
24 hours, and the packer must be sure
that the body cavity, as well ns the
skin and flesh, aro free from heat be
fore tho birds leave the chill room.
Failure to observe' this requirement
Is responsible for much of tho Ill-conditioned
poultry found In the public
mnrkets. Tho range of temperaturo
permitted, too, Is smnll. Below 30 de
grees Fahrenheit tho flesh Is frosted
above JW degrees Fahrenheit decay
proceeds too rapidly to permit of long
hauls to distant mnrkets. Of course,
the birds can bo frozen after they aro
chilled, and so shipped, und tlds Is a
vory excellent plan, especially If tho
haul Is across a hot country, say tho
specialists in tho Department of Agri
culture. Packing for Market.
It Is customary to pack broilers with
tho breasts up, and the feet hidden.
Tho prevailing method at present,
where refrigeration Is available, Is to
pack the chickens In small boxes hold
ing a dozen ench, hut small boxes suit
able for one or two chickens have re
cently been placed on the market. If
tho business Is to bo permanent tho
containers should carry tho farm
name, or the name of the shipper If
tho farm has no inline. An attractive
advertisement on the box has a great
deal to do with marketing, a fact
proved long ago to tho satisfaction of
shrewd business men.
'Smnll packages are becoming mora
and more populnr. Two layers of
chickens In a box nro being discarded
for a single layer, It being realized
that refrigeration Is more perfect If
tho carcasses do not touch, nnd If
pressure on puch tender tlssuo ns
chicken muscle Is eliminated as far
as possible. On this account heads
nro wrapped In waxed paper and
turned back where they do not rest
against tho soft flesh of the breast
or thighs. No longer does tho packer
thrust old cocks, broiling chickens nnd
fowls Indiscriminately Into u big su- '
gar barrel, pressing them down In bin
effort to pack tightly, and so bruising
(he flesh and tearing the skin.' (
PLAN TO DESTROY CUTWORMS
Pests Work at Night and May Be
Killed With Aid of Paddle
and Flashlight.
Cutworms sometimes give consider
ahlo trouble If the nights arc cool nnd
tho weather unsettled, A good way
to get rid of cutworms In the gnrdon
Is to go out In tho evening nfter dark
with a flashlight and paddle and kill
the pests. They may lie found on the
surface at work at night. It will take
but a short tlmo to get rid of cut
worms In tho gnrdpii. This Is u quick
er nnd more reliable way thnn using
poisoned mash.
GIVE- HARNESS PROPER CARE
Made of Good Leather and Heavy
Enough, Set Will Last for at
Least Fifteen Years.
Harness made of good lenther and
heavy enough for the work required
of It will Inst for many yenrs If cared
for properly, It Is more economical to
buy harness thnt Is too heavy than to
buy that which Is too light for the
work. ' With good care, harness of tho
proper weight and quality will last at
least 15 years, and In many cases har
ness used on the farm has been la
service for 25 years or longer.