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Now Comes Halloween
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T I lor department's btircnu of mines !gj WO. rfHEHHMHH C 'lSiMw U
I at Pittsburgh, costing more than jyL)iiflnHR CT
1 a million dollars, were dedicated ttMHug&l BHKPWPf5 IWi ,tfeWv
I iceently with appropriate cere- MSSKKWmMi Vffl wM 8
jiMimiM.jJKWsa monlesJn which the mining uud ' IUM.WESmW, WKMi!mmmm$&&wi A I VBsifl &
fiSR 'tnfpgicnl industries of tho flflPllKHHNBiGlKJ fll Sfe X?
ILIiir'VfJl country took pnrt. The program SmS&mWBSnSKJSttm ili5slV'' Rl ! . , V
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, UE new laboratories of the Inter
ior department's bureau of mines
at Pittsburgh, costing more than
n million dollars, were dedicated
icx'ently wltli appropriate ccrc-
monlesJn which the milling uud
metnfljpglcal Industries of the
country took part. The program
of three days was arranged by
the bureau of mines In co-opern-
tlon with the Pittsburgh chamber of commerce.
One of the biggest features of these ceremonies
wus the nation-wide first-aid and mine-rescue con
test held during tho last two days. About 100
teams from the coal and metab mining companies
throughout flie country entered tho lists. The last
day there was a holiday for tho miners of the
Pittsburgh district and thousands witnessed tho.
awarding of the prizes to tho winners.
In addition to the usual prizes for these con
tests, tho Joseph A. Holmes Safety association, an
organization created In 1910 in honor of the mem
ory of tho first director for the purpose of giving
recognition to persons who had performed meri
torious nnd heroic deeds In the saving of human
life In the mining and metallurgical Industry, or
who had developed some safety appliance to fur
ther the saving of life In those Industries, made.
Its first awards. Dr. Van H. Manning, president
of tho association, announced the list of recipients
of diplomas and mednls nnd recited the deeds for .
which tlu?y were presented. Tho committee on
awards had recommended that 12 gold medals be
awarded, all for heroic deeds performed by miners
In coal and metal mines In efforts to save the lives
of fellow workmen.
Speaking of tho accident conditions generally In
the mining Industries nnd of the outlook, Dr. Van
H, Manning, director of tho bureau of mines, says:
"I am often asked, 'What has the bureau of
mines accomplished In saving of human llfo In the
mines?' It is dlfllcult to say, ns there are so
many varying factors Involved. I may say, how
ever, that If you consider tho prevailing average
death rate In tho mines for a period of years be
fore the federal government took up this work nnd
compnre It with the average fatality rato since the
bureau was created, you will find that 5,000 less ,
miners have been killed. In other words, had the
old fatality rato been maintained through the last
few years 5,000 more men would have lost their
lives. It must nlso bo remembered that the situa
tion wps gradunlly becoming worse, nnd who
knows that there might not have been 7,000 or
8,000 lives lost? Wo nlso have to take Into consid
eration that, thanks to tho many improvements in
llfo-savlng methods and tho greater understand
ings of the causes of accidents, this saving of
5,000 human beings will be Increased as tho years
roll on until we can show several times 5,000 lives
saved.
"It Is Indeed n glorious record of human prog
ress. Five thousand lives saved I Perhaps 2,000
less widows I At least 3,000 children who still
hnvo fathers. Take away all the other manifold
duties of the bureau of mines and this ono accom
plishment Is worthy of all Its costs to the govern
ment since Its establishment and for years to
come.
"I do not menn that the bureau of mines de
serves all the credit. It wns, however, tho agency
that picked up tho Isolated, sporadic efforts of a
few well-meaning men and companies nnd welded
them Into n great national movement for greater
safety In the mines. It at onco gained the co
operation of the miners, the mine operators, the
state mine Inspectors nnd others, and without
these the bureau of mines would hnvo been nlmost
helpless.
"It wns in 1011 thnt the bureau held under Its
nusplces n great nntlonnl first-aid nnd mine-rescue
meet at Pittsburgh, which was nttended by 22,000
miners. Tho slognn of that meet was 'safety first,'
and that was tho time that the slognn, since Inter
nationally famous, first became n national bnttle
cry for this humanitarian movement Not only
was 'safety first' Immediately ndopted by tho
mining companies, but It was nlso taken up by
the railroads and by Industrial plants of the
country. Safety organizations nppenred every
where. Determined campaigns were fought to re
duce tho number of deaths and Injuries. In quite
a number of mills nnd factories nnd railroads
there was n reduction In the fatalities of more
thnn. 50 per cent. Further improvement wns slow
er, but tho orlginnl gnlns wore mndo nnd added to.
"Just how many thousands of lives were saved'
may never bo known, for there are no stntlstlcs
that adequately cover Industrial accidents, but we
do know that tho bureau of mines nnd its asso
ciated agencies started a movement that not only
spread throughout tho entire United States, but
it also reached tho other countries of tho world
with an equnlly .jood effect. And It all stnrted
with tho modest mine safety meet wo held In Pitts
burgh in 1011.
"Since that time tho bureau Iibb gone Its way,
improving Its methods, Interesting, the miner in his
own safety nnd that of his fellow man; doing
what It could to point out to tho owners of tho
mines the dangerous places that could bo avoided
and making recommendations as tho result of Its
experiments looking toward still greater safety.
"Today the bureau of mines maintains In every
mining field of the country a mine rescue cnr. fully
equipped with modern llfo-savlng apparatus, thnt
responds to disasters and assists In tho rescue
work. In the meanwhile It visits tho mines In Its
district and gives the miners training In both
mine rescue nnd first aid to tho Injured, As a re
sult there aro several thousand miners throughout
the country who are expert In tho use of tho oxy.
lax rrfe
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gen mine rescue appara
tus and who nrofnmlllnr
with the most modern
methods of life saving.
Besides, more than 50,
000 miners understand
first-ald-to - the - Injured
work as well as n regular
hospital corps. All of thesa men have been trained
by the bureau of mines.
"Happily, great mine disasters have been be
coming fewer and fewer as tho mpn come to n bet
ter understanding 6f the causes. Neverthelpss they
do happen, and ono thing that tho bureau has
preached Is that upon such a visitation there shall
be a more orderly and systematic method of rescue
work, for It has been demonstrated that life enn
bo saved In devious ways. The bureau has en
deavored to tell the miners that In a great catas
trophe It is often better for entombed miners to
bnrriendo themselves In, keeping tho poisonous
gases out of their working place and waiting for
relief. In this manner 42 men entombed in u mine
for four days were recently rescued, the meu oven
being able to walk out of the mine.
"We nre not content to rest on tho progress
made. There are now moro than a million miners
in the United' States, and each year moro than
3,000 are killed In accidents and a quarter of a
million Injured. Taking tho cold, business calcu
lation of tho stnto compensation commissions and
eliminating the suffering and sorrow of 3,000 killed
each year, the economic loss from these futnlttlcs
alono is $12,000,000 n year, for these commissions
aro pnylng nn avcrngo of $4,000 for every llfo lost.
This Is n terrible toll for one Industry to pay each
year. ItMs hnrd for us to realize that out of
every mining camp of 1,000 men, three of them are
sure to loso their lives within 12 months.
"Mining will always bo an extra hazardous
business. But tho question Is, 'Hnvo we reached
the irreducible minimum?' No, I think not It Is
my belief that we cun cut down tho- present fatal
ity rates full one-half ; that wo can save each 1,500
of the 3,000 killed.
"Xho causes of these fatal accidents nre much
better known. Operators and miners are giving
nluch moro thought to the dangers of the mines,
and tho wldo-nwako among them hnvo Installed
more modern safety devices. Through tho, ex
perimental mine of the bureau mining men and
miners both hnvo a keener understanding of the
dangers of coal dust and havo learned how to com
bat thein.
"In tho mining Industry a human llfo Is much
more vnluublo thnn oVcr before, and I believe
that can be said of nil tho Industries. This Is seen
In tho grcnt ndvunces In safety w'ork.'the millions
of dollars spent In snfety devices and tho humani
tarian work of tho different stnte compensation
commissions. Tho day of the ambulance chnsor
and those ghouls thnt preyed upon the widow be
set with grief over tho loss of her husband havo
happily passed nwny. The state now steps In and
sees thnt tho widow and tho orphan are protected,
and that alono Is worth all tho fight that we havo
endeavored to make. I do not say that tho bureau
of mines Is responsible for these stnto compensa
tions, but I do know thnt theso commissions came
after the mining Industry stnrted Its great human
snvlng drive nnd that tho disclosures of tho condi
tions In mining furnished tho states with facts
that favored the establishment of theso commis
sions. "Cut tho mlno fatalities In half."
Tho dedication ceremonies brought to Pitts
burgh for tho three days "the most prominent min
ing nnd metallurgical mpn of tho nation, not alone
those Interested In tho aafoty-flrst movqment, but
also those connected with tho allied industries that
use tho products of tho mines.
The bureau of mines, In co-opcratlon with tho
Pittsburgh chamber of commerce, arranged an
elaborate program of events calling for tho pres
onco of high government and stnto government
ofilclals besides tho leading men of mining throuht
in tho country. Tho first morning tho new labora
tories nt 4800 Forbes street were dedicated, Dr.
Van II. Manning, director of the bureau, presiding.
After Invocation by Dr. S. B.
McCormlck, chancellor of tho
University of Pittsburgh, tliero
was nn address of welcome by
E. V. Babcock. mayor of Pitts
burgh. Responses were mndo by
Franklin K. Lane, secretnry of
tho Interior; Horace B. Wlnchell,
president of tho American In
stitute of Mining nnd Electrical
Engineers ; John L. Lewis, acting
president of tho United Mine
Workers of America, and Wil
liam O. Sproul, governor of
Pennsylvania. The formal cere
mony of handing over tho keys
of tho building by Secretnry
Lane to Director Manning fol
lowed. i
After luncheon tit tho bureau of mines buildings
tho guests boarded special trains to tho experi
mental mlno of tho bureau of mines at Brucoton,
Pa., 14 mile's from Pittsburgh. Upon nrrlvwl thoro
n prearranged explosion of coal dust took plnce In
tho experimental mine ns n demonstration to tho
visitors, nnd after that there whs nn Inspection of
Uie mlno nnd the explosives-testing plant, tho
guests returning to the city ut 0 o'clock In tho eve
ning. At 8 o'clock there wns n general meeting at
Carnegie Music hnll under the auspices of tho
Pittsburgh chamber of commerce, with an ad
dress by Sccrotury Lane and an organ recital by
Dr. Charles Holnroth. A moving picture pre
pared by tho Nntlounl Coal association, "Tho Story
of Coal," was given a first presentation.
The second day the new laboratories were open
for Inspection by the guests tho entire day, and nt
2 -o'clock tho elimination contests In tho Nntlonnl
Safety First-Aid and Mlne-Ilcscuc meet were held
nt Forbes field; nlso tho nwnrdlng of tho state
championships. At 5 o'clock, at Forbes field, there
was a demonstration of tho cxploslblllty of conl
dust and ut 8 o'clock tho chamber of commerco
presented n pageant typifying tho spirit of tho
mining Industry, with music by tho band of tho
Carncglo Institute of Technology.
Tho third day at 0 a. m. tliero was a flnnl mine
rnH,Mif. i-nntest bv tho ten successful teams of tho
previous day at Forbes field, with a presentation
of tho national cups nnd prizes. At 2 p, m. an- .
nouncoment of the J. A. Holmes Hnrety associnuon
Vas made by Dr. Van H. Manning. At 2:30 o'clock
tho final flrst-uld contest, participated in by tho
20 best tennis of the previous day, was held. At
5 o'clock there was a demonstration of n coal-dust
explosion at Forbes field, tho events closing with
n smoker at tho chamber of commerco In which
prizes were awarded and speeches made.
Tho houorary committee In chnrgo of tho dedica
tion of tho Pittsburgh station Included: Oeorgo S.
Oliver, president Pittsburgh chamber of com
merce; John F. Herron, president city council of
Pittsburgh; Hurry N. Taylor, president National
Coal' Operators' association ; John L. Lowls, nctlng
president United Mine Workers of America; Hor
ace B. Wlnchell, president American Instltuto of
Mining and Electrical Engineers; Franklin K.
Lane, secretnry of the Interior; Dr. Van II. Man
ning, director bureau of mines; Dr. S. U. McCor
mlck, chancellor University of Pittsburgh; Dr.
Arthur A. Ilummerschhig, president Carncglo In
Htltutf of Technology; Dr. S. W. Strntton, director
bureau of standards; Dr. It. F. Bacon, director
Mellon instltuto; Seward K. Button, chief depart
inent of mines, stnto of Pennsylvania; Dr. D. Vim
Schniick. president of tho National Safety council;
T. A. O'DoniiPl, president American Petroleum In
stitute; Mortimer E. Cooley, president American
Society of Mechanical Engineers; Fayette S. Cur
tis, president American society of Civil Engineers;
J. A. Capp. president American Society of Testing
Materials; Dr. William II. Nichols, president
. American Chemical society; Calvert Townley,
president American Society Electrical Engineers;
O. II. Nellson, president Engineers, Society of
Western Pennsylvania; Dr. W. D. Bancroft, presi
dent American Electro-Chemical society; It. T.
Stull, president American Ceramics' society; E. N.
Zern, president Coal Mining Instltuto of America ;
James A. Angel), chairman Nntlonnl Research
council.
So many preparations nre under way
for Halloween parties that thcro Is no
doubt that n lot of merry-making Is
coming to pass this year upon tho re
turn of tho festlvnl of "nil saints' day."
Tho big shops aro showing all sorts of
grotesque, funny nnd pretty decora
tions, mndo of paper In the way of
adornments for houso nnd table, and
people nro buying them freely.
A gny party at homo Is tho best wny
to celebrate nnd is evidently tnklng tho
plnco of pranks thnt luro tho young
sters Into doing dangerous nnd dam
aging things on the outside.
Yellow and black aro tho colors for
Halloween decorations and lanterns,
candlo shades, Jack-oManterns, tablo
and bouse garnlshlngs nro all dono In
theso colors, with yellow In n dark
shndo predominating. Plain crcpo pa
per, In bolts and fringed strips, Is used
for n great number of Hnllowcen
figures and there nro many printed,
pnpers containing figures In black ns
witches, ghosts, Jack-o'-lanterns nnd
Innumcrnblo black cnts In nil sizes.
Theso nro cut out and pnstcd ngnlnst
thin enrdboard for place onrds, candlo
shndes, banners nnd wall decorations.
They nre used to dress tables Instead
of linen, nnd thero nro pnpor nnpklns
In keeping.
Instead of tho usunl gcnulno pump
kin, jnck-o'-lnnterns aro mndo over a
big wire framo of plnln yellow pnper
and a fnco painted on with blnck and
whi to water colors. Or tho fnco may
bo cut from printed pnper and pasted
on tho lnntcrn. Tills Is suspended over
thp dining tnbln nnd similar lanterns
nre hung In other rooms or tho hall.
Tho fringed strips of pnper arc used
for festoons nnd theso paper decora
tions nre improved If nutumn lenves
nro used with them.
In tho plcturo nbovo there nro somt
clever tablo decorations. They nrt
merely suggestions nnd do not Include
cats, bnts, ghosts and witches that
may bo had In largo or suinll sizes on
tho printed bolts of paper and used for
lanterns, plnco cards, candlo shades,
etc. The Jack-o'-lantern nt tho right
of tho picture Is mado of yellow nnd
black cropo paper. Illh location In tho
schemo of things Is In tho center of
the tablo whero refreshments aro to bo
served. Hero ho Is mounted on a low
pasteboard box, elthor square or round,
covered with crepo pnper und contain
ing paper caps or small, mlrth-provok-lng
souvenirs. These nro distributed
to tho guests when they nro sented.
Tho lantern nt tho center is made
of printed crepo pnper and Is to bo
used over electric lights. It la nilorncd
with short, narrow strips of crcpo pn
per, ench ending In n llttlo bnll of
pnper stuffed with cotton. Below the
lanterns nro two plnco cards cut from
printed pnper, mounted on thin card
board and fastcucd to small disks of
cardboard In which tho gents' names
ftro written. Tho last flguro nt tho
left shows n candlo shado mado of
printed crepo pnpor mounted over a
finmo of wlro or enrdbonrd,
Thcro Is nothing formal about tho
Halloween party It Is a frolic.
Games and pnstlmos for tho evonlng
are to bo planned ahead (ho merrier
tho better. Nothing suits tho grown
up young people better than dancing
nnd fortune telling nnd thcro are
plenty of thrilling nnd romping gnnies
for tho youngsters. It Is a paper fes
tlvul, and paper dishes, papery tablo
furnishings and paper decorations,
mnko things easy and Inexpenslvo for
tho hostess.
Blouses for All Occasions
Momo Helpfulness.
"I am leinptcd," said Mr. Mcckton, "to gtvo
Henrietta n moving plcturo machlno for Christ
mas."
"Is she to lecture?"
"Not In public. But I had an iden that mujba
some of those long talks sho has given mo world
be moro Interesting If they wero lllustrutod."
Tho materials iittd for blouses th,is
fall nro the sumo that havo mado
them m successful for several sea
sons, tho only now departures being
velvet and the Increased number of
models mado of crepe-de-chlnc.
In styles the most prominent new
noto Is tho ovcr-blouso or over-pnnol.
That Is, n blouso In ono color or ma
terial serves as u foundation for an
ovcr-blouso or over panel In n contrast
ini! color or mntcrjut. This makes op
portunity for many beautiful color
combinations. Another feature to bo
noted lies in girdles, which appear In
gold nnd sliver brocaded ribbons or in
other brocades. Theso nro used with
blouses that arc extended Into pep
lums, or long panels at tho back and
front.
For trimming, filet lace, bend and
rmbroldory designs, with yarn em
broidery fenturcd in velvet, small tucks
and co'tmldernblo hand work, distin
guish Ibo season. Silk nnd gold or sil
ver tbii"'"18 uro combined In em
broideries, In keeping with tho trend
toward brilliant effects In all apparel.
For-afternoon wear with satin Hklrta
crcpo-de-chlnu In fashionable colors
and adorned with pointed figures Is
Shown In the skirted blouses.. Theso
aro simply mado and usually hnvo gir
dles of heavy silk cord ending In long
tassels. Sleeves aro about equally di
vided as to length.
In tho plain tailored blouses high
necks with turn-over collars fasten
up tho front, Including tho collar with
small buttons. Round nocks nnd thoso
with "V" Bhapcd openings contlnuo to
bo better liked than othors, but in
somo of tho now models aro highor
thnn In tho past season, Tho blouse
of gcorgetto crepo shown in the plc
turo represents the most popular type.
It Is embroidered In silk matching It
In color, with outlined grnpo leaves and
clusters of small grapes. Tho sleeves
aro long, but tho designer appears to
hnvo been of two minds in finishing
them, nnd has ndded a flaring portion
that might bo omitted.
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