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DAKOTA COUNTY HERALD, DAKOTA CITY, NEBRASKA.
PRICES NED 01 HIGH PRICES
GOVERNMENT FOOD DECLARED TD
b nr flriTinniii
FIGURES 8UBMTTED FOR GUID.
ANCE OF PUQLIC ON 8UB-
8I8TENCE STORES.
SALES TO COMMENCE AUG. 18
Quotations Are F. O. B. at Distribut
ing PolntG, tho Purchaser Paying
Parcel Post Rates Orders Received
Through Postmasters.
Washington, D. C. Tho war depart
ment made public a cumplote prlcu list
on all subsistence) stores avuilablo for
Bale to tho public through tho parcel
post or through municipal Helling agon
cles. Costs of tho commodities to tho
govornment, tho department said, had
been disregarded entirely in llxlng tho
prices of nnlo, which aro inatorlully
lower than prevailing rntos.
Tho prices quoted aro f. o. b. from
Rtorago point's in each of tho thlrtoen
districts into which tho country Is
dlvldod for war department subsls
tonco purposes. Tho department now
is ro-dlatrlbuting tho food supplies In
tho thirteen areas in order that each
may liavo its propor proportion per
population of tho seventy articles ol
food.
Buyer to Pay Postal Rate.
Tho prlco tables Includo individual
units in each case and also tho prlco
per ease or larger containers. It also
shown tho gross weight per can and
por enso in order that tho public may
arrlvo at tho price thoy will liavo to
pay by adding parcel post rates from
tho noaroat distributing point to tho
homo of tho conBumor to tho f. o. b,
prico quo'tod.
Municipal selling agencies will corn
put o frolght chargos on thcBO ship
ments to ho added to tho price, quoted
by tho war department. On tho parcel
post distribution no ordorB will bo ro
coivod direct by tho war dopartmont,
but only through tho postoffico do
partmont, which will requisition thu
supplies by caso or larger packago,
tho postmasters in turn breaking theso
shipments up into unit packuges of a
single can or sovornl cans.
Municipality purchases at tho now
prices wit begin na soon an tho surplus
proporty offices nt tho various zone
supply offices and depots havo received
tho quotations mndo public today.
Sales to individuals through tho parcol
post will bo inaugurated August 18.
Some Quotations.
Quotations on somo of tho loading
commodities aro:
"Uacon, fi,15 por can of 17 pounds;
corned beef, C5 conts for a can of 1.30
pounds; baked beans, 5 cents for can
of lyt pounds; swoot corn, 10 conts
por 2-pound can; dry bonnu, $0.49
por 100 pounds; crockors, G and C
centB a pound; army Hour, $0 por 100
pounds; macaroni, 7 conts por 1V4
pounds; rolled oatB, 12 cents por 2
pounds; seeded raisins, 10 conts por
pound; rice, $0.74 por 100 pounds; to
mntocs, 9 conts por 2-pound can, and
whito corn meal, $3.G0 por 100 pounds."
FLOUR TO BE CHEAPER.
Maximum Price Basis of $12 a Barrel
for Central West
Now York. Dotalls of tho United
kStatos grain corporation plan to soil
Hour at $10 n barrel woro mado public
by Julius II. Uarnos, United StatoB
whout Ulroctor. Uestrictlons aro placed
pn tho prlco to bo charged by whole
onlors, Jobbers and rotnllura.
Tho Hour wll bo sold In 140 pound
sacks on a basis of $10 In ,tho torrltory
west of tho Illinois and Indiana lino
and west of tho Mississippi from Cairo
to tho Gulf of Mexico, not Including
tho Pacific coast roglon, and $10.25 In
tho romnlndor of tho country.
Jobbers and wholesalers must gunr
nnloo to resell to rotallors at not moro
ban 7G cent- additional and retailors
at not moro than $1.25 over tho wholo
salo prlco for tho original packngos
jnd must not charge moro than 7 conts
u pound for broken packngos of any
ulzo.
Raco Troubles Retult In Strike.
Chicago.- A general strlko of 33,000
omployos at tho packing plants In tho
stock yardB bognn nf 9 o'clock Friday
morning. Tho action followed tho do
cislon of tho stock yards labor council
to call n vouoral Btrlko unless tho state
troops nnd police guard a woro Imme
diately withdrawn from tho plants.
Tho strlko was precipitated by tho ro
turn of G.000 negroes to work. Tho
ilrat workmen to walk out woro 400
pork cutters In tho O. II. Hammond
Packing Company.
Spain for World League.
Madrid, Thtusday. Parllnmout ap
proved tho proposal that Spain Join
tho league of nations.
LJv
Arrest 8ugar3ron. u
Pittsburgh, Pa.Olmrged wftlt con
splracy to violate thu fedral food
laws. George W. Sheohan, of Chicago,
president of the Central Sugar com
pany, was arrested by fodoral ngonta
horo. Shoehnn wan arrested when ho
appeared at tho federal bulldlug to at
tend tho hearing of threo local officials
of the company, who uro charged wjth
alleged prlco gouging In (hp alo of
eugar afro Central Sugar Company,
an Illinois corporation, Jo alleged to
liavo been idling sugar hero nt 14
centa a pound wholesale.
Bt AHIHL
President Addresses Congress on
Subject of High Cost
of Living.
LAWS ARE NOT ADEQUATE
Chief Executive Declares "Vicious
Practices" Aro Responsible for
Perilous Situation Which Faces
the Nation Makes Impor
tant Recommendations.
Washington., Addressing corigrcss
and proposing remedies to chock the
high cost of living, President Wilson
declared that existing laws Were Inade
quate nnd that high prices were not
Justified by shortage of supplies, pres
ent or prospective, but were created In
ninny cases "artificially and deliber
ately" by "vicious practices."
The president recommended that the
food control act be extended to
peaco time operation and that congress
exclude from Interstate as well as
lntra.slntu shipments goods which did
not comply with lt provisions.
Ills address was as follows:
(Jentlumcn of tho Congress:
I havo sought this opportunity to ad
dress you becauso It Is cloarly my duty
to call your attention to the present cost
of living and to urge upon you with all
tho ponnmnlvo forco of which I hin capable
tho legislative measures which would bo
moat effcctlvo In controlling It und bring
ing It down.
Tho prices the people of this country are
paying for everything that It Is necessary
for them to Use In order to live are not
Justlllcd by a shortage In supply, cither
preuant or prospective, and uro In many
cases artificially und deliberately created
by vlclouu practices which ought Imme
diately to bo checked by luw.
They constitute a burden upon us which
la the more unbearable becuuse we know
that It Is wilfully Imposed by those who
havo the power and that It can by vigor
ous public action be greatly lightened and
made to square with the actual conditions
vOt supply and demand.
Profiteers Lawbreakers.
Somo of the methods by which these
prlceH are produced are already lllegul,
some of them criminal, and thoso who
employ them will be energetically pro
ceeded against. Hut others have not yet
been brought under the law, and should
be dealt with at once by legislation.
I need not recite tho particulars of this
critical inuttor; tho prices demanded nnd
paid at the sources of supply, ut tho fac.
tory, in tho food markets, at the shops,
in tho reotaurnhts and hotels, ullke In tho
city nnd In tho village.
They aro familiar toyou. They are tho
talk of ovory domestic circle nnd of every
group of casual acquaintances oven. It Is
iv matter of familiar knowledgo nlso, 'that
n process lias sot in which Is likely, unless
something la done, to push prlceH and
rents and the whole cost of living higher
and yet higher, In a vicious cyclu to which
there is no logical or nnturnl end.
With tho increaso in tho prices of the
necessaries or llfo come demands for In
creases In wngcs-demnnd which are
Justified If there bo no other means of
enabling men to ltvo.
Upon tho increase of wages there fol
lows close an Increntio In tho price of the
ywducts whoso producers liavo been nc
enrded the Increaso not a proportionate
increaso, for the manufacturer does not
content himself with that, but an In
crease considerably greater than the
added wage cost and for which the added
wage coot Is oftentimes hardly more than
an excuso.
The laborers who do not get an lncroase
in pay when they demand It are likely
to strike, and the strike only makes mat
tors worse.
It checks production; if It affects the
railways it prevents distribution and
strips the markets; so that thore la pres
ently nothing to buy, and there Is another
excesslvo addition to prices resulting from
the scarcity.
Conditions Not "Natural."
Theso are facts and forces with which
wo hnvo become only too familiar; but
wo tiro not Justified becauso of our famil
iarity with them or because of uny hasty
and shallow conclusion that they are
"natural" and Inevitable, In sitting Inac
tively by and letting them work their fa
tal results It tliero is anything that wo
can do to check, corroct or roverBo them.
I have sought this opportunity to in
form tho congress what the executive Is
doing by way of remedy and control, and
to auggost whero effective- legal remedies
are lacking and may be supplied.
We must, I think, frankly admit that
there Is no complete iminedlata remedy
to bo had from legislation and oxecullvo
action. Tho freo processes of supply and
demand will not operuto of thomselves,
and no Ivjtlidatlve or executive action can
forco them Into full nnd natural operation
until thoro Id pouco.
"There Is now n ,thor peace nor war.
All the world It v altlng with what un
nerving fears and haunting doubts who
can adequately sayT waiting to know
when It shall havo peace und what kind
of peace it will bo when It comes-a peaco
In which a nation shall make shift for
Itself as It can, or a peace buttressed and
supported by tho will and concert of
the nations that have the purpose and the
power to do and to enforce what Is right.
Politically, economically, socially, tho
world la on the operating table, and It bus
sot been possible to administer any anaes
thetic. It Is conscious. It oen wutches
the capital operation upon which It knows
that Its hopes of healthful life depends
It cannot think Its business out or makn
plans or give Intelligent nnd provident di
rection to Its affairs, while in such a case.
Whero there Is no pence of mind there
can be no enorg In endeavor
Must Know Terms of Peace.
Thoro can be no conlldenco In indus
try, no caloulable basis for credits, no
confident buying of systematic selling;
no certain prospect of employment, no
normal restoration of business, no
hopeful nttempt at reconstruction or a
proper reassembling of the dislocated
elements of enterprise until poace has
been established, and, so far nw may be,
guaranteed Our national life haa no
doubt been leas radically disturbed and
dismembered than the national life of
other peoples whom the war more di
rectly afftfeted. with all Its terrible
ravaging und destructive force, but It
has been nevertheless profoundly af
fected und disarranged, and our Indus
tries, our cro'ilts, our productive ca
pacity our economic processes are In
extricably interwoven with those of
other nations nnd peoples most Inti
mately of all with the nntlons nnd peo
ples upon whom tho chief burden nnd
confusion of tho war fell and who
nre now most dependent upon the co
operative action of the world.
Exports Greatest In History.
Wc are Just now shipping more goods
out of our ports to forelgtf markets than
we over shipped before not foodstuffs
merely, but lAuffs and materials of every
sort, but this Is no Index of what our
foreign sales will continue to be or of
tile effect tho Volume of our exports
will have on supplies and prices. It is
Impossible Tel to predict how far or
how long foreign purchasers will be
ablo to And the money or tho credit to
pay for or sustain such purchases on
such a scale, how soon or to what extent
foreign manufacturers can resume their
former production, foreign farmers get
their accustomed crops from their own
fields, foreign mines resume their formor
output, foreign merchants sot up again
their old machlnory of trade with tho
ends of the earth. All these things must
remain uncertain until peace Is estab
lished and tho nations of tho world havo
concerted the methods by which normal
llfo and Industry nro to be restored.
All that we shall do In the mean
time to restrain profiteering- and put
the llfo of our people upon a tolerable
footing will bo makeshift nnd provi
sional. Thero can be no settled condi
tion here or slsewhere until tho trentv
of peace is out of tho way nnd tho
work of liquidating the war has be
come the chief concern of our govern
ment and of tho other governments of
the world. Until then business- will
Inevitably remain speculative and sway
now this way and Rgaln that, with
heavy losses or heavy gains, as ."t may
chance, and tho consumer must take
care of both the gains and tho losses.
Thero can be no peaco prices so long1 as
our wholu financial nnd economic sys
tem Is on a war basts.
Europe Must Know Situation.
"Uuropo will not, canno't recoup hor
capital or put her restless, distracted
peoples to work until she knows exact
ly whore sho Btunds In respect to
peaco, and what we vrl do Is for her
the chief question upon which her qui
etude of mind and confidence of pur
pose depends. While thoro Is any pos
ablllty that the peace terms may be
clmngod or may bo held long1 in abey
nnce, or may not bo enforced becauso
of divisions of opinion among- the pow
ers associated ng-alnst Germany, it is
Idle to look for permanent rollef.
Points Out present Duty.
Hut what wo can do wo should do,
and should do at once. And thero Is
a great deal that we can do, provision
al though It be. Wheat shipments nnd
credits to facilitate the purchase of our
wheat can and will be limited nnd con
trolled In such a way as not to raise
but rather to lower tho prlco of flour
here. The government has the Dower.
within certain limits, to regulate that.
Wo cannot deny wheat to foreign peo
ples who aro in dire need of it, and wo
do not wish to do so; but. fortunately,
.though tho wheat crop Is not what
we hoped it would bc. It Is abundant
If handled with provident care. Tho
price of wheat Is lower In the United
States than In Europe, and with proper
management can bo kept so.
Immediate Relief Measures,
Uy wnv of Immediate relief, surplus
Btocks of both food and clothing In the
hands of tho government will bo Bold and
of course sold at prices at which thero
is no prollt. And by way of n more per
manent correction of prices surplus
stocks In prlvato hands Will be drawn out
of Btorngo and put upon tho market. For
tunately under thq terms of tho food-control
act tho hoarding of foodstuffs can
bo checked and prevented, and they will
be, with tho greate&t energy. Foodstuffs
can bo drawn out of storage and sold by
legal notion which the department of
Justice will institute wherever necessary;
but ns soon as the situation Is systemati
cally dealt with It Is not llkoly that the
courts will often havo to bo resorted to.
Much of the accumulating of stocks has
no doubt been due to the sort of specu
lation which always results from uncer
tainty, drcat surpluses wore accumu
lated because it was Impossible to foresee
what the market would disclose find deal
ers wore determined to be ready for
whatever might happen, as well as eager
to reap the full advantage of rising
prices. They will now see the disadvan
tage, as well as the danger, of holding
oft from the now process of distribution.
Significant Facts Quoted.
Somo very Interesting nnd -significant
facts with regard to stocks on hand and
Uie riso of prices In the faco of abund
ance have been disclosed by the Inquiries
of the department of agriculture tho de
partment of labor and the federal trade
commission.
They seem to Justify tho statement that
In the case of many necossary commodi
ties effcctlvo means have been found to
prevent tho normal oporation of tho law
of supply and demand.
It would serve ns a useful examplo to
tho othor communities of this country, as
well as greatly reltove local dlstross If the
congress were to regulate all such mat
tors very fully for the District of Colum
bin, whore Its .legislative authority Is
without limit.
Would Have Prices Plainly Marked.
1 would nlso recommend that It bo
required that all goods destined for In
terstate commerce should In every case
whero their form or package makes It
possible bo plainly marked with the
prlco ut which they left the hands of
tho producer. Such u requirement
would bcn a closo analogy to certain
provisions of the pure food act, by which
It Is required that certain detailed In
formation bo given on the labels of
pucknges of foods and drugs.
And it does not seem to me that we
could confine ourselves to detailed
measures of this kind, if it Is Indeed
our purpose to assume national control
of tho processes of distribution. I
take It for granted that that Is our
purpose und our duty. Nothing lens
will sunice, Wo need not hrsltnte to
handle a nntlonal quostlon In a na
tlonal way. Wo should go beyond the
measures I have suggested. Wo should
formulate a law requiring a fedortl
license of all corporations engaged In
interstate commerce and embodying In
tho license, or In the conditions under
which It is to bo Issued, sprclnc regu
lation designed to secure competitive
Belling and prrvent unconscionable
profits In the method of marketing
Law Would Do Much.
Such a law would ufTord a welcome op,
portunlty to effect other much-needed re
forms In the business of Interatnto ship
ment and In tho methods of corporations
Which are encaged In It; but for tho mo
mont I confine my recommendations to the
object Immediately in hand, which is to
lower tho tost of living.
May I not add that titer Is a bill now
pending before the congress whloh, If
passed, would do much to stop speculation
und to prevent the fradulent methodH of
promotion by wldch our people nre un
hually lleeeed of many millions or haid
earned money I refer to tho measure
proposed by the capital Issues committee
for the. control of security Issues, it s a
iqeasuro formulated by men who know
the uctual condition of business, and Its
adoption would servo a great and bene
tUent purpose.
Wc aro dealing, gentlemen of the con
gress, I need hnrdly say, with very critical
and very dimcult matters We should go
forward with confidence nlong the road
we Rfe, but we should bIbo seek to com
prehend the whole of the sceno amidst
which wo act. There Is no ground for
some of the fearful forecasts I hear ut
tered about me, but the condition of the
world la unquestionably very grave und
wo should face It comprehendlngly. The
situation of our own country is excep
tlonately fortunate. Wo of all peoples
can nfford to keep our heads and to de
termine1 upon moderate and sensible
courses of action which will InRure us
ugalnst the passions and distempers which
nro working such deep unhapplness for
somo of the distressed nations on tho
other side of the sea.
Hut wo may e Involved In their dls
treses unless wo help, and help with en
ergy nnd intelligence
Disregarding the surplus stock In the
hands of the government, thero was a
greater Bupplv of foodstuffs In this coun
try on June 1 of this year than at the
same date last year. In the combined to
tal of a number of tho most Important
foods in dry and cold storage tho excess
Is quite 19 per cent. And yet prices havo
risen.
The supply of fresh eggs on hand In
June of this year, for example, was
greater by nearly 10 per cent than the
supply on hand at the same time last
year, and yet tho wholesale prlco of eggs
was 40 cents a dozen, as against 30 cents
a year ago. The stock of frozen fowls
had Increased more than 238 per cent, and
yet tho prices had risen also from 3114
cents per pound to 3714 cents. Tho supply
of creamery butter had Increased 129 per
cont and the price from 41 to 63 cents per
pound. The supply of salt beef had been
augmented 3 per cent nnd the price had
gone up from $34 a barrel to 36 a, barrel.
Canned corn had Increased In stock near
ly 92 per cent and had remained sub
stantially tho same In price.
Few Price Drops Not Enough.
In a few foodstuffs the prices had de
clined, but In nothing like tho proportion
in which the supply had Increased. For
example, tho stock of canned tomatoes
had Increased 102 per cent, and yet tho
price had declined only 25 cents per
dozen cans. In some cases thero had
been tho usunl result of an Increase of
price following a decrease of supply, but
In almost every Instance the Increase of
price had been disproportionate to tho
decrease In stock.
Law Department Active.
Tho attorney general has been making
a careful study of the situation as n
whole and of tho laws that can be ap
plied to better it and is convinced that,
under the stimulation and temptation of
exceptional circumstances, combinations
of producers and combinations of traders
have been formed for the control of sup
plies and of prices which are clearly In
restraint of trade, nnd against theso pros
ecutions will be promptly Instituted nnd
actively pushed which will In all likeli
hood have a prompt corrective effect
There is reason to believe that tho prices
of leather, of coal, of lumber and of tex
tiles have been materially affected by
forms of concert and co-operation among
the producers and marketers of thesn nn.l
other universally necessary commodities
which It will be possible to redress. No
watchful or energetic effort will bo
spared to accomplish this necessary io
sult. I trust that there will not be many
cases In which prosecution will bo. neces
sary. Public action will no doubt cause
many who havo perhaps unwittingly
adopted Illegal methods to abandon them
promptly and of their own motion.
Publicity Will Do Much.
And publicity can accomplish a great
deal. The purchaser can often take care
of himself If ho knows the facts nnd In
fluences ho Is dealing with, nnd purchas
ers nre not disinclined to do anything, ei
ther singly or collectively, that may bo
necessary for their solf-protection. .
Tho department of commerce, tho
department of nBriculture, tho depart
ment of labor and the federal trade
commission can do a great deal toward
supplying- tho public systematically
and at short Intervals, with Informa
tion regarding tho actual supply of
particular commodities that Is In ox
iHtonco nnd available with regard to
supplies which aro in existence but not
with regard to tho methods of price llxlng-
which nre being- used by dealers In
certain foodstuffs and other necessities.
Retailers In Part to Blame.
There can be llttlo doubt that retail
ors are In part sometimes In larjco
part responsible for exorbitant prices;
and It Is quite practicable for the gov
ernment through the agencies I have
mentioned, to supply tho public with
full Information ns to the prices nt
which retailers buy and as to the costs
of .transportation they pay In order
that It may bo known Just what mar
Kin of proilt thoy are demanding. Opin
ion and concerted action on tho part of
purchasers can probably do the rest.
Congress Must Supply Funds.
That is, these agencies may perform this
indispensable korvlco provided tho con
gress will supply them with the, nepps
uary funds to prosecute their inquiries
nnd keep their price lists up to date.
Hitherto the appropriation committees of
tho house havo not always, I fear, Been
the full value of these Inquiries, nnd tho
departments and commissions havo been
very much (straitened for means to ren
der this service That adequate funds bo
provided by appropriation for this pur
pose, nnd provided as promptly as '-os-slble,
Is one of tho means of greatly
ameliorating tho present distressing con
dltlons'of livelihood that I como to urge,
In this attempt to concert with you the
best ways to servo tho country in this
emergency.
It is one of the absolutely necessary
means, underlying many others, nnd can
bo supplied at once.
There nre many otner ways? Existing
law Is Inadequate. Thero are many per
fectly legitimate methods by which the
government can exercise rcstrulnt and
guidance.
Let mo urge. In the first place, that
tho present foodstuff control act should
be extended both as to tho period of time
during which It ahull remain in operation
and as to the commodities to which It
shall apply.
Its provision against hoarding should be
made to apply not only to food but nlso
to feed stuffs, to fuel, to clothing, and to
many other commodities which aro In
disputably necessaries of life. As It
stands now It Is limited In operation to
the period of tho war nnd becomes In
operative upon the formal proclamation
of peace. Hut 1 should Judge that It was
clearly within the constitutional power of
the congress to make similar permanent
provisions and regulations with regnrd to
all goods destined for Interstate com
merce and to exclude them from Inter
ntate shipment It the requirements of the
law aro not complied with
Somo such regulation Is Imperatively
neeesnary
Tho nbusos that hnva grown up In
the manipulation of prices by tho with
holding of foodstuffs and other nectartes
of lite cannot otherwise be effectively pre
vented. There can be no doubt of either
thhe neceislty or tho legitimacy of such
measures. May 1 not call attention to
the fuct. also, that, although the. presmt
act prohibits profiteering, the prohibition
is accompanied by no penalty. It la clear
ly In the public Interest that u penalty
should be prold(d which will be persua
sive. 4
, It wovjld materially add to the berv
tcrabllity of the -law, for tho purpose we
now have In view. If It were also pre
scribed that ull goods released from stor
age for Interstate shipment should have
plainly mnrked upon each packago the
selling or market prlco at which they
went Into storage. Uy this means the
purchaser would always bo ablo to learn
what profits stood between him and the
producer or Uro wholesale dealer.
The world must pay for Uio appalling
destruction wrought by the great war,
and wo nre part of tho world. We must
pay our share. For five years now the In
dustry nf nil Pnrnnn t.na l.a lnrtl. . t
disordered. The normul crops havo not
been produced; tho normal quantity of
manufactured goods has not been turned
out.
Not until there aro the usual crops
nnd tho usual production of manufactured
goods on tho other side of the Atlantic
enn Europe return to the former condi
tions, and It was upon the former condi
tions, not the present, that our economic
relations with Kurope were built up.
We muBt face tho fact that unless wo
help Europe to get back to her normal
life nnd production a chaos will ensue
there which will Inevitably bo communi
cated to this country. For tho present. It
Is manifest, we must quicken, not slacken,
our own production.
U. S. Must Hold World Steady.
We, and we nlmost alone, now hold the
world steady. Upon our steadfastness and
self-possession depend the affairs of na
tions everywhere. It Is in this supreme
crlsls-thls crisis for nil manklnd-that
American must prove her mettle,.
In the presence or a world confused, dis
tracted, sho must show herself self-possessed,
self-contained, capable of sober
and effective action. She saved Europe
by her action in arms; Bho must now save
it by her action in peace.
In saving Europe Bhe will save herself,
as sho did upon tho battlefields of tho
war. Tho calmness and capacity with
which sho deals with and masters the
problems of peace will be the final test
and proof of her place among tho peoples
vii iiiu wunu,
And, if only In our own Interest, we
...ui .iciij iiiu pcupie overseas, isurope Is
our biggest customer. We must keep her
going or thousands of our shops nnd
scores of our mines must close. Thero Is
no such thing ns lotting her go to ruin
without ourselves sharing iri tho disaster
In such circumstances, faco to face
with such tests, passion must bo discard
ed Passion nnd a disregard for tho
rights of others have no place In the
counsels of n freo people. We need light,
not heat, In theso solemn times of self
exnmlnatlon anil saving action.
Must Be No Threats.
There must bo no threats. Let there be
only Intelligent counsel, and let the best
reasons win. not the strongest brute
force. The world has Just destroyed the
arbitrary force of a military Junta. It
will live under no other. All that Is ar
bitrary nnd coercive is In tho discard.
Thoso who seek to employ it only prepare
their own destruction.
Wo cannot hastily and overnight revo
lutionize nil tho processes of our eco
nomic llfo. We shull not attempt to do
so. Theso aro days of deep excitement
and of extravagant speech, but with us
these nro things of the surface.
Everyone who Is In real touch with the
Bllent masses of our great people knows
ii.L iuu oiu strong nuer and steady self
control aro still there, firm against vio
lence or any distempered action that
would throw their affairs Into confusion.
I nm serenely confident that they will
readily And themselves, no matter what
tho circumstances, nnd that thoy will ad
dress themselves to the tasks of peace
with the same devotion nnd the samo
stnlwart preference for what Is right that
thoy displayed to tho admiration of the
wholo world In tho midst of war.
Sinister Influences at Work.
And I enter another confident hope. I
havo spoken today chiefly of measures
of Imperatlvo regulation nnd lcgnl com
pulsion, of prosecutions and tho sharp
correction of selfish processes; and these
no doubt are necessary.
But there nre other forces that wo may
count on besides those resident in the
department of Justice. Wo have Just
fully awakened to what haa been going
on and to the Influences, many of them
very nelllsh and sinister, that have been
producing high prices and imposing an
intolerable burden on the mass of our
people.
To have brought It all into the open
will accomplish tho greater part of the
result we seek. '
I appeal with entlro contldenco to
our producers, our middlemen and our
merchants to deal fairly with tho peo
ple. It Is their opportunity to show
that-they comprehend, that they in
tend to act Justly, and that thoy have
tho public Interest sincerely at heart.
And I have no doubt that house
keepers all over the country, and ev
eryone who buys the things he dally
stands in need of will presently exer
cise a greater vigilance, a moro
thoughtful economy, a moro discrimi
nating care as to the market in which
ho buys or the merchant with whom
he traded than he has hitherto exer
cised. Labor Must Consider.
I believe, too, that tho moro ex
trome leaders of organized labor will
presently yield to a sober second
thought, and like the great mass of
their associates, think and act like
true Americans. They will see that
strikes undertaken at this critical tlme'j
aro certain to mako matters worse,
not better worse for them and for
everybody else. t
The worst thing, tho most fntal
thing; that can be done now is fb stop
or interrupt production, or to interfere
with tho distribution of goods by tho
railways and the shipping of tho
country.
Wo aro all Involved In the distressing-
results of the high cost of
living and wo must unite, not divide,
to correct It.
There nre many things that ought
to bo corrected In tho relations be
tween capital and labor, in respect
of wages and conditions of labor and
other things even moro far-reacbing,
and I, for one, am ready to go Into
conference about these matter with
any group of my fellow countrymen
who know what they are talking- about
nnd nro willing- to remedy existing
conditions by frank counsel rather
than by violent contest.
General Interest Flr8t.
No remedy Is possible whllo men are
In a temper, nnd thero can be no set
tlement which does not have as its
motive and standard the general In
terest. Must All Work Together.
Threats and undue Insistence upon
the Interest of a single class, make set
tlement Impossible. I bellove, as I
havo hitherto had occasion to say to
the congress, that tho Industry and life
of our people and of tho world wfll
suffer Irreparable dnmago If employers
nnd workmen nre to go on In a punct
ual contest, as antagonists. They
must, on ono plan nr another, bo effec
tively associated. Havo we not stead
iness nnd self-possesHion and business
senso enough to work out that result?
In the meantime now and In tho
days of readjustment und recuperation
that aro ahead of uv. let us resort
moro nnd more to frank nnd Intimate
counsel nnd make ourselves a great
nnd triumphal nation, making our
selves a united force In the life of the
world. It will not then have looked to
ua for leadership In vain.
SAMUEL GORDON GRAHAM
laiiiiiiVt fvi 4 vabuaV'lklW OVYbbiiiiiiiiiiiiH
an m -i- ..
Snmuel Gordon Grnhnm of Pitts
burgh, Pn., nsslstnnt attorney general,
who hns been nominated by President
Wilson ns Judgo of the court of claims.
BUDAPEST IS .OCCUPIED
ROUMANIAN FORCES ENTER
SUBURBS OF CAPITAL.
Streets Half Deserted No Stores
Open, As Communists Robbed
Right and Left.
Pnrls, Aug. 5. Itoumnninn troops
have entered the suburbs of Budapest,
nccordlng to n 'dispatch received here
from Vienna.
Soviet newspapers In Budapest have
been suppressed, nccordlng to n dls
patch from tho Ilungarlan cnpltnl re
ceived here by wny of Innsbruck. Tho
city is reported ns being calm, tho
worklngmen's battalion preserving or
der there.
Budapest, Aug. 4. The city presents
n pitiful nppenrance after the lllght
of tho communists. The streets are
half deserted, no stores nro open,
thero Is llttlo food In the hotels or pri
vate houses, nnd no soap, coffee, to
bacco or linen Is to bo had.
The communists, who robbed both
for political nnd privntc purposes, left
the banks empty. Financial institu
tions which contained about five bil
lion crowns now have barely 50,000,000
crowns lu good money In their vaults.
ACTS TO PUNISH BANDITS
Secretary Lansing Wants Mexicans
Who Robbed G. N. McDon
ald Captured.
Washington, Aug. G. Secretnry Lan
sing hns instructed tho American em
bassy at Mexico City to urge the Mexi
can government- to take prompt nction
looking to the apprehension nnd pun
ishment of the bandits who robbed
Georgo N. McDonald, tin American
citizen, near his residence six miles
south of Tnmpico on July 12. Details
of the robbery were not mndo public.
An ofllcinl dispatch to tho state de
partment from Aguns Cnlientes, Mex
ico, confirmed Mexico City press re
ports that Lawrence L. Shipley of
Nevndn hod been released by bandits
who captured him lnst month. Shipley
Is now nt Aguas Calientes.
FOR SALE 265 SEAPLANES
Navy Department to Give Sportsmen
Interested In Aviation a Chance
to Buy Aircraft.
, Washington, Aug. 4. Sportsmen nnd
business concerns interested In avia
tion will bo given nn opportunity to
acquire modern seaplnncs at low
prices when the navy department sells
205 machines nt miction In the near
future. Secretary Daniels has au
thorized tho sale of the seaplanes at
public auction to the highest bidders.
nigh speed mnchines of Inrgo carry
ing cnpaclty, well adapted to commer
cial use, will bo Included In the salo
along with fnster nnd smnller mn
chines. Tho department will later issue com
plete details regarding tho sale.
COTTON PRICE DROPS $7 BALE
Further Sensational Break In New
York Market Is 5 Cents Pound
Lower Than Laet Month.
Now York, Aug. 0. Tliero was n
continuance of Monday's excited sell
ing In tho cotton mnrket nnd a further
sensntlonnl break In prices, with Oc
tober contracts selling off to 80.8.r dur
ing tho early trading. This mado n
decline of nearly $7 a bale from the
closing prices of Monday and of ap
proximately C cents n pound or $23
bale from the high level touched to
ward the end of last month. Rallies
of several points followed, but tho
market remained extremely nervous.
Coblcnz to Be Headquarters.
K Coblenz. Aus. C ftolilpnx will
bo
rTome tlib !liendnunrtcrs of the Amorl-
enri forces In Europe when Amorlcan
grand hendqunrters In Parfs Is closed
about August 20, It became known
when General Pershing arrived hore.
Reject Wilson's Plan.
Washington, Aug. C Oillclnls of tho
!x big rallwny shopmen's unions told
President Wilson they could not np
prcvo of his plan for tho settlement of
aiiwny wnge problems nnd asked tho
Immediate granting of Increases.
safe
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