j-;ajM?r-wHlPill ' I i i .j ..'i
DAKOTA COUNTY HERALD, DAKOTA CITY, NEBRASKA.
iuT' usamr
! f
V
it
Si.
5
Of,
o Cooks? 0
TT T -4
Kitchens
For a man seldom thinks with mora earnestness ot
'anything than ho does of his dinner. Samuel Johnson.
"Wo may livo without poetry, music and art;
V may live without consclonco, and live without
heart;
Wo may livo without friends, wo may llvo without
books;
But civilized man cannot llvo without cooks,
ilo may llvo without books what Is knowledge but
grieving? ,
lie may llvo without hope what Is hope but deceiving?
Ho may llvo without lovo what Is passion but pining?
But where Is tho man who can llvo without dlnlng7
' Owen Meredith.
"Fato cannot
Sydney Smith.
4
IGNS of tlie
largo cities
harm me I have 'dined today."
I
times to be seen In nil
aro these : Apartment
buildings, delicatessen shops, cheap
restuurunts, cafeterias, residential
hotels.
Tho old-fashioned homo la fast dis
appearing. Peoplo nro living In
npnrtments nnd residential hotels,
buying cooked food at the delicates
sen shops, eating nt restaurants. "Why?
"Well, largely because thoy have to. The old
fashioned homo In n dwelling, with servants nnd
homo cooking Is still nn American Ideal. But the
Increasing lnck of servants, especially of cooks,
makes tho old-fashioned homo n burden to peoplo
'of moderate means and to women who want to
do something besides keep house. It is fast coming
to tne time when only two
,-clnsses can keep house with
any satisfaction: tho very
rich, who can hlro profession
al servants at high wages;
the poor, who do without
servants. The moderately
well-to-do w o m n n must
choose between housework
nnd all other activities. Sho
cannot get servants, because
wo have no servant class In
tills country. Working wom
en will not do domestic work
when they can get other
work, even though tho other
work pays less.
These conditions have
raised n widespread interest
In tho proposition of com
munity cooking. Notwithstanding the high
prices of food nnd tho scarcity of cooks,
tho American peoplo like good things to ent Just
as well as over? The question is where enn these
good things bo hnd? A largo proportion of twen
tieth century married women cannot cook accept
ably and would not cook if they could. A modern
city woman who can cook can hardly be blamed
for unwillingness to spend nil her time In homo
work. It Is nn age of Inefllclency In restaurant
cooking ns in most other things nnd menu prices
tire even higher In proportion than raw material
prices.
Iva Lowther Peters, Ph. D., of the woman's divi
sion of tho council of national defense, made In
1913 a complete survey of the various co-operative
nnd community food enterprises of this country.
It was then believed thnt if the war continued com
munity kitchens would hnvc to bo established In
our larger cities to save food and fuel. ,
England wns already running n great many of
them, with encouraging results, nnd Doctor Peters
jiot only studied these, but undertook n thorough
Investigation of the co-operative movement from
the tlmo It was born in the eighteenth century.
As It happened, the signing of the armistice came
Just in 'time to make the survey useless to tho
United Stntcs food administration, but It Is going
to be of grent assistance to those Individual Amer
icans who are thinking of co-operating with other
Individual Amerlcuns In bringing down the price of
eating.
An object lesson la a community kitchen that
was opened In 1007tln Carthago, Mo. It was lo
cated in n private residence and the various fami
lies of tho neighborhood came to It for their menls.
Each family furnished Its own tnble, chairs, dishes,
jUnen, sliver, thus maintaining Its own tastes nnd
standards. To provide tho orlglnnl equipment for
the kitchen nn assessment of $3 per adult and $1.50
per child was made. In tho beginning there wcro
ICO members, Including 10 or 12 children. For the
'first three months the price of menls was $3 for an
iulult nnd $1.50 for n child per week. After the
third month several fnmllles stopped coming.
When the number decreased to CO tho price of
board was advanced to ?3.50 per week. As tho
kitchen's patronage decreased nnd tho cost of food
.Increased the price of board kept advancing until
flnnlly, In 1011, four years after its opening, tho
kitchen went quietly out of existence.
Most of tho community cooking enterprises sur
veyed by Doctor Peters for tho council of national
defense tell prnctlcnlly tho same story a brief
popularity, a brief decline, then extinction.
But the community cooking enterprises tell one
other story and It Is this:
Tho only community cooking enterprises showing
unmistakable signs of success nro those where tho
central kitchen delivers tho cooked meals to tho
homes. These kitchens aro now being established
In several cities.
Chicago and many of Its suburban cities have
their attention on Evanston, 111., just now. Brans
ton Is a fow miles north of Chicago on Lake Mich
igan. It lias about 30,000 peoplo. It is n city of
homes. Mnny of the men do business In Chicago.
Evnnston Is culled the "City of Churches," is tho
sent of Northwestern university nnd Is what may
be called a high-class American small city.
Yes, Evnnston is a city of homes. There nre
streets of dwellings nnd comparatively few flats
arc In evidence. There are trees and lawns. The
houses look as If they hnd kitchens good, big,
roomy, old-fashioned kitchens, where things were
cooked "pies Ilko mother used to make" and
loughnuts to compare even with those of tho .Sal
vation Army.
But tho imagination that sets you to snlillng In
tho hopo of catching delectablo odors from thefae-fld-fnshloiHMl
kitchens In theso old-fashioned
homes Is n delusion nnd 11 snare. The kitchens are
there, but they aro as Idle as a painted ship on n
painted ocean. 'Cause why there nre no cooks.
There wns n time, not long ago, when an occa
sional cook could bo enticed out to Evnnston und
pnmpered Into cooking. But even that tlmo 1
past.
So Evnnston Is going to have a community kitch
en nnd has made a beginning. That's why Chicago
ami Illinois aro watching her with Interest.
jmaxih
CATTLE TICK IS
BADLY WALLOPED
Bloodsuckers Receive Severe
Trouncing in Infested States
During Month of March.
FINE WORK OF ERADICATORS
According to Reports 1,203,497 Cattlo
Went Through "Canal to Prosper
ity" Big Increase Made In
Number of Dipping Vats. l
(Prepared by tho United Stntos Depart
ment of Agriculture)
If tho mutual battle against tho cnt
tfo fever tick can be compared to n
boxlug match of nine rounds ench
month from March to December being
n round It Is true thnt tho tick got n
thorough trouncing In tho first round,
nnd tho bell rang wlththe pnraslto fig
uratively hanging over tho ropes.
Mnrch of this year brought moro
dippings of cattle for tho tick than
were recorded In any other March
sinco the federal nnd btnto govern
ments began to fight the pnraslto in
1000. According to reports from all
ttck-lnfested states l.liOH.107 cnttlo
went through "tho cannls .to pros
perity" in March, 1010. This compares
with 000,505 In March, 101S, nnd 720,
052 in Mnrch, 1017.
This year's results camo from rtn ef
fort to "Dip That Tick In March"
with the object of preventing so fnr as
possible tho reproduction of tho pnrn
site. Tho ticks thnt wcro killed In
March will produco no thousands nnd
millions of descendants to suck cattle
blood nil summer. With tho flying
start In March, nnd with continued
vigorous nttneks through tho dipping
season, It is believed thnt tho tick
eradlcators have good chances of
reaching their nlm of cleaning up 00,
000 moro squaro utiles of territory this
year moro than ever hns been re
leased In one year from tho federal
quarantine ngnlnst the pest.
Hcnlthy Increases In tho number
of dipping vats nvnllable for use nlso
nro shown by reports to the bureau. In
Tho beginning was mado In the basement of tho
Evnnston Woman's club. At first only lunch was
sold nnd buyers hnd to fetch and carry. Next In
order is an ovening mcnl. Then will como delivery
of hot food In containers.
There was n wild rush nenr lunch tlmo on the
opening day by tho housemaldless Evanston house
wives for tho community kitchen. Mrs. James A.
O'Dell nnd Mrs. H. Ill ICIngsley, chief sponsors for
tho kitchen, were kept busy for tho best part of
three hours weighing enko nnd wrapping up slices
of tempting baked ham tho kind baked with
cloves and sugar, the Virginia wny, you know
nnd other goodies. Tho menu Included theso
things :
Potato 80 up.
Baked Ham. Corned Beef Hash. Spanish Rice.
Meat Pie.
Potato Salad. Tomato Salad.
Gingerbread. Cookies. Cakes.
Doughnuts.
The proletariat was not In evidence. Tho pre
miere of tho kitchen might have been tho opening
of tho opera senson. Limousines nnd electrics
lined up in front of the kitchen nnd tho beauty nnd
chlvnlry of the aristocratic village were all present
Among the first to draw up in their electric coupes
were Mrs. WUHnm S. Carson nnd Mrs. D. E. Mc
Millan. They departed with a bnsket containing
some tomnto salnd, gingerbread, bnked hum nnd
bnnnna cream pie.
There next drew up In their llmou&lnes, with,
their chauffeurs waiting outside with lips smnck
lng, Mrs. Ulysses S. Grant, wife of Dean Grant of
Northwestern university; Mrs. Hufus C. Dnwes
und Mrs. M. II. Dawes, who departed with full
bnskets.
In their wnko camo many more, mostly person
nges In the Bluo Book.
Then tho university co-eds, nttrnctcd by alluring
reports concerning the doughnuts nnd gingerbread,
began to nrrlve.
Over nt Phi Deltn Thetn house tho students had
been hnvlng mnny difficulties In tho matter of
cooks, and hnd determined to do their own cook
ing. Thnt very dny the Sigma Alphn Epsllons
were guests nt tho Phi's house. A Inrgo qunntity
of uncooked edibles wero procured. After numer
ous efforts, tho only commodities which proved
nmennblo to the cullnury treatment of tho fra
ternity cooks wero beans. Tho guests were luke
warm in their appreciation. Following tho dinner
tho dlsh-wnshlng began. Eight plates wero broken.
Thu fraternity house looked like n shambles when
It wns nil over. En masse tho youths went to the
community kitchen for dinner.
It appears that tho community kitchen Is offering
really toothsome dainties. Tho tomnto salad
created a sensation nnd,ono enthusiastic purchaser
said :
"It looks Ilko slices of tomatoes lying on lettuco
leaves, but It Is really a tomnto gelatin, with
chopped celery Inside, poured into llttlo mold
There's dressing on top und little balls of cottage
cheese with a dash of paprika alongside, and it's
good. I know, for I sampled It ; 1 couldn't wnlt to
got home."
Tho "best cook In Evnnston" Mrs. Jnmoi Wells
enmo in nnd took n lot of It nwny with her, and
then Mrs. James Pntten ordered tho restdo serve
to her Bed Cross workers. Bits of comment lllio
this were to be heard everywhere:
"I Just couldn't wnlt; I hnd to tnsto this ginger
brend." "Isn't tho potato salnd delicious?"
"See you tomorrow, Mrs. KIngsley. I'm going to
hurry homo nnd ent this hash while It's hot."
"1 couldn't wait. 1 had to blto Into this cooky,"
one woman remnrked, crunching Into a cooky. "My,
but It's good I"
Speaking of tho dinner she purchnsed, Mrs.
Dawes chnrncterlzed.lt as "delicious."
Mrs. Eugene Gnrnott suld her meal was "ono of
the finest home-cooked dinners I over nte. In nu
trition, seasoning nnd nil other points It was per
fect." Mrs. Robert D. Cunningham was llkewlso en
thusiastic. "If the success of tho kitchen depends
on the food, It'll bo n huge success," sho snld.
"Thero isn't n restnurnnt In Chicago which can
offer ns fine n homo-cooked dinner us tho com
munity kitchen here."
Two o'clock found the "community kitchen"
pretty much deserted, nnd tho managers of the
plnco checking up on the proceeds of the first tiny.
"We knew wo Would be successful because tho
plan wns pretty thoroughly discussed before wo be
gan the work," said Mrs. ICIngsley, "but wo weren't
prepared for ull tho enthublnsm thnt greeted us.
"I feel sure that tfto community kitchen will
prove a grent success' Mrs. Bufus Dawes said. "It
will bo Impossible for several weeks to determine
the cost of tilt menls, cost of operation, and so
forth. The work thnt has been dono by volunteers
will eventually have to bo dono by paid workers."
Corned beof hash sold for 00 cents n pound, tho
gingerbread wns 0 cents n enke and tho doughnuts
30 cents a dozen.
"The grcntest problem now Is to know how much
food to prepare We aro attending personully to
every detail of tho kitchen so thnt wo may find out
what qunntltles to prepare nnd Just how much to
charge. ,
"Tho kitchen Is renlly on trial now. If It works
well, we may turn It over to a business concern to
handle, but wo will not mnko tho mistake New
York, did of not having renl homo cooking. Mrs.
M. II. Kennedy, who Is ono of the best cooks In
Evnnston, has promised to stny. ' One of her help,
ers Is n university .graduate, who took n domestic
science cours Miss Bnchael Madison. Miss Ollvn
Blystud, an Evanston girl, Is tho other nsslstnnt."
The container thnt is to be used resembles n
glorified dinner pull, built In five compartments
and insulated to retain heat for three hours. In
tho compartments will be placed soup, meat, a vege
table, potntoes and a hot dessert. Tlfcso will bo
distributed by auto trucks.
Winnetko Is much Interested In tho plan. Mrs.
John It. Dickinson nnd Mrs. II. J. Orwlg of the
Winuctkn Womnn's club visited tho kitchen the
opening day to see how It worked.
"We need such an Institution as much as Evnns
ton does," said Mrs. Dickinson. "If It works out
In Evcuston wo will Btnrt ono."
Looking ut tho community kitchen experiment In
n broad Bcnso, It Is merely ono problem of mnny
which every community hns to solve. How long
will It bo beforo our American communities take
hold of theso probloms which nre, In tho last uuuly.
tls, their own and nobody elbe's?
SAi ",'.3.15 7.r"v''w-.,Vvw:'
Shorthorn Heifer, Tick Infested.
Mnrch, 1017, thero were 15,705 vnts;
and In March, 1018, tljcro wero 22,870.
This year thero wero 29,255.
Reports From States.
A summary of tho stato reports
shows that Alabama with 0,230 vats
had 143,884 dippings in Mnrch ; Arkan
sas, 2,301 vats, 13,770 dippings; Flor
ida, 1,114 vnts, 04,005 dippings; Gcor
gln, 1,220 vats, 182,70 dippings ;Louls
iana, 4.4C3 vats, 253,120 dlppjngs ; Mis
sissippi, 5,553 vnts, 128,703 dippings;
Oklahoma, 1,053 vuts, 44,038 dippings;
South Cnrolinn, 801 vnts, 1,447 dip
pings; North Texas, 4,005 vnts, 273,
037 dippings; South Texas, 1,220 vnts,
00,574 dippings. Preliminary nnd re
organization work wns conducted In
North Carolina.
Ample provision has been mado In
every stato for dipping vats, nnd an
adequate supply of dipping materials
has been distributed to tho counties
that will likely need them this season.
Sntisfnctory progress In constructing
vnts nnd in preparing tho dipping so
lution wns made despitu tho excessive
rains.
In Texas, which hns tho largest
amount of infested territory, encourag
ing progress Is reported from zono
No. 1, which Includes tho territory In
which eradication work is to bo
planned most vigorously this year.
Nearly all tho count los In zono No. 1
havo mado npproprlatloBS for tho
work, and construction of dipping vats
Is being pushed ns rapidly us possible.
r. . ' y..i 'is 1 mi1mk
wk:4jWM Mmtmm
X W .1Z9. X V . 2Ki. J5rit t. v
work is being conducted following th
relcnso of tho state from federal quari
nntlne, tho courts recently decided,
thnt tho stntc lnws providing for stntq
qunrnntlncs nro legal, nnd It Is be
lieved thnt the final work In Missis
sippi will bo successful during tho
present year.
State-wide Law In Alabama.
As a result of tho new stntc-wldo
tick-crndlcntlon law In Alabama It is,
hoped that tho entlro stuto will bo re
leased from federal quarantine by
next December. Tho Inw requires nil
county commissioners' courts In tick
Infested counties to provide means for
dipping nnd to require- tho dipping of
cnttlo every two weeks between April
1 nnd December 1.
Systematic work Is being conducted
In 22 counties In Gcorglu, giving
ground for hopo that theso counties
will bo relensed from qunrnntlne nt
tho end of tho dipping senson. Thu
A Cattle Tick Dipping Demonstration.
sluto-wido law enncted by the Georgia
leglslnturo nt Its 1018 session becomes
effective In December of this yenr, nnd
1020 may bo tho last year of tho tick's;
residence In that state.
In Florida It will bo necessary toj
conduct eradication work in units coin-!
posed of several counties, and for this
reason more tlmo Is required to con-4
struct dipping vnts nnd mako arrange-;
ments for systematic work. Tho peoploi
ot Florida, however, nro nllvo to tlioj
necessity for tick eradication, nnd thej
stuto co-opcrntlon given to tho federal
government makes it seem certain that
Florida, despito tho great area still
under quarantine, will not bo the last
strite Inhabited by tho tick.
In North Carolina tho eradications
work Is being reorganized with encouw
nglng prospects for an early elenn-up.
Final "mopplug-up" work Is being con
ducted In South Carolina, from which
the federal quarantlno was removed
last year.
PRr-VENT BIG LOSS OF GRAIN
Poor Work of Binder, Shattering Dur
lng Shocking and Faulty Separator
Are Causes.
(Prepared by tho United States Dopart
mont of Agriculture)
Under nverngo conditions tho loss of
grain during harvest Is far greater
than Is generally supposed by tho nv
erngo farmer. Poor work on tho part
of tho blndgr, shattering during shock
ing nnd hnullng, faulty work of tho
separator, and minor losses nt tho nin
chlno result in a waste of millions of
bushels every yenr. With a guaran
teed prlco every fnrmer Is offered nn
iuccntlvo to rcduco such losses fb n
minimum this season. Sco that the
binder Is in good working ordor,
Vnndlo tho bundles carefully, using a
tight floor or canvas on tho wagon in
hauling, nnd n demnnd by tho fnrmer
that tho scpnrntor do efficient work
will snvo many dollars' worth of grain
ns well as ndd to tho pockctbook of
tho farmer.
REPAIR OF PASTURE FENCES
Shorthorn Heifer, Free of Ticks.
It Is believed that tho general dipping
of cnttlo every two weeks will bo con
ducted In nearly nil of zono No. 1 dur
ing tho present ycur.
Tho Oklahoma state legislature, by
making u special npproprlntlon of $40,
000 nssfetcd several counties In tho
southeast corner of tho stato which
seemed unable to raise funds with
which to carry on county work. With
this assistance it Is believed that Okla
homa Is now in a position to got rid
of the tick by tho end of 1020,
Tho Arkansas leglslnturo rocently
appropriated $100,000 for tick eradica
tion in thnt Htutc, and with tho largo
force of federal, stato nnd county em
ployees now nt work It Is bclloved that
nil of tho state, with tho exception of
eoven or eight counties will bo re
leased from quarantine next Decem
ber 1. The Louislnnn forces' seem de
termined to wind up tho tick fight this
year, nnd tho Indications nro that they
w III be successful.
In MlHHlsiInpl, whore final clean-up
Little Time Spent In Replacing Weak
Posts and Tightening Wires Will
Prove Profitable.
(Prepared by tho United Statoa Depart-)
mont of Agriculture.)
Advnntngo should bo taken of thu
first lull In farm work to Inspect nndj
repair pnsturo fences. A llttlo tlmej
spent from tlmo to tlmo throughout!
tho senson In replacing weak: posts,
tightening or splicing of wlro nnd drlv-
ing an occasional staplo may savd
much trouble, luter when the pasture
becomes short nnd tho cattlo nrej
tempted by crops In nearby fields. Ai
strong fenco discourages cattlo from!
attempting to1 break out, while a few
successful attempts may mnko rcgulur
fenco breakers of them. If plenty of
wnter nnd salt nro provided nnd
fences nro kept in rcpnlr, usually llttlo
trouble, will bo experienced unless tho
pnsturo becomes very short nnd tho
cattlo nro lured by other fields.
DOESN'T PAY TO SPRAY BEETS
Easier to Make New Plantings When
Attacked by Leaf Spot, Especial
ly In 8mall Garden.
(Prepared by tho Unltod States Depart
ment of Agriculture)
GardciL'beets nro attacked by a leaf
spot which materially Injures their
growth, but it is so cosy to muko n
new planting of beets thnt it hardly
pays to spray, especially in tho very
small garden. This Is practically trua
of u largo number of diseases.
By keeping stock solutions of cop
per sulphato und llmo on hand, a little
Bordeaux mixture can easily bo mado
up and npplled with 11 cheap spray
outfit that can bo purchased In any
seed storo. Whero theso sprayers ura
not mudo ot brass or copper, tho Bor
deaux mixture should not bo nllowcd
to btnnd In them, nnd thoy should b
thoroughly cleansed with clean woW
uflor uslug.
a
v
1
V"
t
m
i
ti
a-
Vi
i,
t r.5&&iJftbftfei"iila M.mr-..
P d" J r Jlj