Nebraska Newspapers

    DAKOTA COUNTY HERALD, DAKOTA CITY, NEBRASKA.
OFFICIAL SUMMARY
OF PEACE TREATY
10
COVENANT OF THE LEAGUE OF
NATIONS IS FIRST SECTION
OF THE GREAT DOCUMENT.
ALSACE-LORRAINE RESTORED
Saar Valley and Danzig International.'
Ized Germany's Military and
Naval Power Made Nominal
Total Reparation to Be
Determined Later.
The olllclal nummary of the pence
treaty submitted to the Gorman repre
sentatives (it VorsallleH by the allied
fieaco conferenco delegates Is as fol
0W8 The preamble n- men ss parties of
(he ono part the United States, the
British empire, Frunee, Italy and Ja
pan, described as tlio flvo allied nnd
associated powers, and Belgium, Bo
Ilvla, Brazil, China. Cuba, Ecuador,
Greece. Guatemala, Haiti, the Hcdjaz,
Honduras. Liberia, Nicaragua, Panama,
I'uru, Poland, Portugal, Houtnanla, Her
bln, Slam, Czecho-Slovakla and Uru
guay, wlm with the live above are de
scribed as the allied and associated
powers; and on the other part, Ger
many. Section One League of Nations.
Tho covenant of tlio league of na
tions constitutes Section 1 of tho pcacn
troaty. which places upon tho league
many Bpecino lu uddltlon to its general
duties, it may question Germany at
any tlmo for a violation of tho neutral
ized zone cast of tho Ithlno ns a threat
against tho world's peace. It will ap
point threo of tho flvo momburs of tho
Saar commission, oversco Its reglmo
and carry out tho plebiscite. It will
appoint tho high commissioner of Dan
zig, guarantee the Independence of tho
free city nnd arrange for treaties, be
tween Danzig and Germany and To
lland, It will work out tho mandatory
stem to bo applied to tho former
German colonies, and act as a Una!
court In part of the plebiscites of tho
Belgian-German frontier, and In dis
putes as to tho Kiel canal, nnd decldo
certain of tho economic and llnanclal
problems. An International conferenco
on labor Is to bo hold In October under
Its direction, nnd another on tho Inter
national control of ports, waterways
nnd railways Is foroslradowod.
Section Two Boundaries of Germany.
Gormany cedes to franco Alsace-Ir-ralno,
B.two square mllos of It In tho
southwest, and to Belgium two small dis
tricts between Luxemburg and Holland,
totalling 889 square miles. Bho also codes
to Poland tho southeastern tip of Hlleslu
beyond nnd Including Oppeln, most of
Poren and West Prussia, 27,686 square
miles. Hast Prussia being Isolated from
Uio main body by a part of Poland. Gor
many loses sovereignty over the north
earfternmost tip of Eust Prussia. 40 square
miles north of the rlvrr Memcl. and tho
Internationalized arwis about Danzig, 729
square miles, and tho basin of the Haur,
7SJJ B(iiaro miles, between tho western bor
dr or tho Ilhenlsh palatinate of Havnrla
rid tho southeast corner of Luxemburg.
Tho Danzig ureu consists of tho V be
tween the Nogat and Vistula rivers madn
into n vv ny tlio ailillllon or a similar V
on tho west Including tho city of Danzig.
The southeastern third of Knst Prussia
nil tlio area between Kast Prussia and
tho Vistula north of lutltudo 63 degrees
throe minutes Is to havo Its nationality
determined, by popular vote, C.7M squuio
miles, us Is to ho tho ease in part of
Bchleswlg, 2,787 squaro miles.
Section Three European Political
Classes.
BELGIUM. Oermany la to consent to
tha abrogation of the tloatlos of 1839 by
Which Uelgluni wus established ns a nou
trul state and to agree In advanco to any
convention with which tho allied nnd as
sociated powers may dotormlno to replaco
them. Hho Is to recognize tho full sover
eignty of Belgium over tho contested ter
ritory of Morosnct and over Dart of
il1?.!?8. i,M,or,'"nott. nn(J to ronounco In
favor of Uelgluni nil rights over tho cities
of hution "and Mulmedy. tho Inhabitants
Sfnnn. cll "ru,t o entitled within six
months to protest ugalnst this chango of
sovereignty cl hor lu wholo or In par?, tho
final decision to bo reserved to tho league
of nations. A commission Is to sottlo the
r.0."" of tnP frontier, and various regu
C wnS chango of nationality nro laid
LUXEMBOURG. Gorniany renounces
her various treaties and conventions with
Si" K.r.alu! Auc"y of Luxembourg, rccog
nlzesithut It censed to bo a part of tlio
Gorman zollveroln from January 1 last
'''u'' J right of exploitation of the
railroads, adheres to tho abrogation of Its
neutrality, nnd uccepts In advanco my
International agreement as to It? reached
l.KFT IIANIC Oh' TIIIO HIIINIC A.
provided la (he mllltnr" cIsuSM.ITer!
any will uul imilnlnlu nuy fortillcn
llon. or nrmril furors less tbu" Mfiy
kilometers to the r, of U.e UhlnV,
bold any tuiiiipuvrrs, nor iiinliitnln nur
work to fi.elllti.le iiioblll.iillo"" Y
nV.i ?"- ot violation, "sho shall bo ro-
v''.-ll.respontt?
- -.,,..., .... ! vajmuii iuu i WHICH
navCffll,0t,th" ,C"BU0 of "
ITers" necessary to nddross to
ALSACE-LORRAINE. After rccog
m.i0f t,,B mo.rul lllK'ilon to ru
,,.w,,.1 1wro"B ,,0 8U by Ger
many to Franca and tha peoplo of Alsace-Lorraine,
tho territories coded to
Germany by tho treaty of Frankfort
are restored to Franco with their
front cm as boforo 1871. to duto from
the signing of tho armistice, and to be
free of nil public debts.
Citizenship is regulated by detailed
provisions distinguishing those who
urn Immediately restored to full Fronch
citizenship those who havo to mnlV.
Jormul application therefor, and thorn
for whom naturalization Is open after
threo years. The last-named class In
eludes Oermnn residents In Alsace
Lorraine ns dlstluguUhod from thoso
V...U uwiuiu iiiu position or Alsace
Lorraine us defined In the treaty. All
publlo property und nil privnto proper
ly of German ox-sovorelgns passes to
1' ranee without payment or oredlt.
Trance Is substituted for Germany us
regards ownership of tho railroads and
rights over concession of tramways.
The Jthlne bridges pass to Franco with
h obligation for their upkeep.
TI15 HAAHIn compensation for
tho destruction of conl mlnos in north
ern I-ranee and ns payment on ac
count or reparation. Germany cedes to
France full ownership of the oout
mints of tho Hnar basin with their
ubsliilurlrs. accessories and facilities.
Their value will bo estimated by tho
reparation commission nnd credited
against that account. The French
rights will bo governed by German law
in force ut the armlstlco excepting war
legislation, France replacing tho pres
ent owners whom Germany undertakes
to Indemnify. France will continue to
furnish tho present proportion of coal
for Joc.il needs and contribute lu Just
proportion to local taxes, The basin
extends from the frontier of Lorralno
s re-annexed to .Kriuice north as far
b at. Wendel. Including on tha west
the valley of the. Huar as fur ns Hunr
holzbscli and on the oust tha town of
llomburg.
In order to oecuro tho rights and
welfare of the population and guaran
tee to Franca entire freedom In work-
inhabitant of the Huur und three rtpre-
US
E
SGI
ri.;.. ii '""""'"inif a nostuo act
gainst tho tinwer wm ..... .i.-
m
tit troaty ami as Intending to disturb
tho ticaco of tho world,"
trj in inn in i mi iirASAiit ....
ins; wie mines, the territory will bo
governed by n commission appointed
y the league of nttlons and consisting
Dr nVli nmtitr.rm ji.. !.-..... ...... .. .. ... '
renting three dlfforont countries other
than Franco and Germany. Tho league
ulll appoint a member of the commission
ns chairman to act as executive of tho
lommlsslon. The commission will hao
all tiowcrs of government formerly be
longing to the German empire, Prussia
nnd Mavarla, will administer the railroads
and other public services und havo full
power to Interpret the troat clauses, Tho
Io-al courts will continue but subject to
tho commission.
After fifteen years a plebiscite will bo
hold by cmmunes to ascertain tha de
sires of tho population ns to contlnuanco
or tha existing regime under tho leaguo of
nations, union with Franco or union with
Oormuny
Section Four European Political
Classes,
fJinniA.V AIJHTIIIA. (Jrrmimy ree
ogiiltrs llir totnl Independence of Ger
man Austria In (lie boundaries traced.
CZnCHO-SLOVAKIA Germany rec
ognizes tho entire Independence of tho
Czecho-Blovak state, Including tho au
tonomous territory of tho Ituthenlans
south of tho Carpathians, and accepts
tho rrontlers of this stato as to be de
termined, which In tho cubo of tho Ger
man frontier shall rollow tho rrontler
or Holioinia In 1914. Tho usual stipu
lations ns to acquisition and change or
nationality follow.
POLAND Germany cedes to Poland tho
greatcat part up upper Hlleslu, Posen and
the province of Wist Prussia, on tho left
bank of tho Vistula. A field boundnry
commission of seven live representing
tho allied and associated powers and ono
each representing Poland and Germany
shall bo constituted wIlhLn ID days of tho
peaco to delimit this boundary. Such
special provisions as aro necessary to
protect racial, linguistic or religious mi
norities nnd to protect freedom of tran
sit nnd equitable treatment of commerce
or other nations shall bo laid down In a
subsequent treaty between tho five allied
nnd unsorlated powers and Poland.
DA8T PHUSSIA-Tho southern nnd tho
oastern rrontler of Kast Prussia 1 to bo
llxod by plebiscites, tho first In tho ro
geney of Allcnsteln botweon tho south
ern frontier of Kast Prussia und tho
northorn frontier of Ileglerungsbcslrk
Allcnsteln, from where It meets tho
boundary between Hast and West Prus
sia to Its Junction with tho boundary bo
tweon tho circles of Olctsko nnd Augers
burg, thenco tho northern boundary of
Olotsko to Its Junction with tho present
frontier, and tho second In tho area com
prising tho circles of Btuhm and Hosen
burg und tho pnrts of tho circles of Ma
rlenburg und Marlcnwcrder cust of the
Vlstuln.
In ench caso German troops and au
thorities will move out within 15 days of
tho peaco und tho territories bo placed
under nn (ntornatlonal commission of llvo
members appolntod by tho llvo allied and
associated powers, with tho particular
duty of arranging n free, rulr und secret
vote. Tho commission will report the re
sults or tho plebiscites to tho llvo powers
with a recommendation tor tho boundnry
und will terminate Its work ns soon ns
tho boundnry has boon laid down und tho
new authoiltlcs sot up,
Tho flvo nllled und associated powers
will draw up regulations nssurlng Kast
Prussia mil and cqultablo access to und
uho of tho Vistula. A subsequent con
vention, of which tho terms will bo fixed
by tho flvo allied and assoclutcd powers,
will bo entered Into between Polnnd,
Germany and Danzig, to nsuuro sultublo
railroad communication across German
torrltory on tho right bank of tho Vistula
between Poland und Dnuzlg, while Poland
shull grant freo passago from Kant Prus
sia to Germany.
Tlio northeastern cornor of Kast Prus
sia about Aiemol Is to bo ceded by Ger
many to tho associated powers, tho for
mer agreeing to accept tho settlement
made, especially us regards thu nation
ality of tho Inhabitants.
DANZIG Danzig nnd tho district Im
mediately nbout It Is to bo constituted
Into tho "freo city of Danzig" under tho
guaranty of tho leaguo of natlontj. A
high commissioner appointed ,y tho
leaguo nnd resident nt Danlg shall draw
up a constitution In ugruument with
tho duly appolntod representatives ot
thu city ami shall deal In tho first
instnnca with nil ilinerenccH arising uu
twoon tho city nnd Poland. Tho actual
boundaries of tho city shall bo delimited
by a commission itppolntod within six
mouths from tho pence and to Includo
three representatives chosen by tho allied
una associated powers und ono cueh by
Germany nnd Polnnd.
A convention, tho terms or which shall
bo fixed by tho live ulllcd und nssoclatod
powers, ahull bo concluded between- Po
land and Danzig, which shall Includo Dan
zlg within tho Polish customs rrontlers.
though a freo area In tho port; Insuro to
Poland tho free una or all tho city's
waterways, docks and other port facili
ties, tho control and ndmlnlstrallon of tho
Vistula and tho wholo through railway
systoms within tho city, and postal, tele
graph and tclophonlo communication be
tween Polnnd and Danzig; provide against
discrimination ugalnst Poles within til's
city and plnco Us foreign relations nnd
tha diplomatic protection of Itii citizens
abroad In charge, of Poland
DKNMAIIK Tho frontlor betweon Ger
many and .Denmark will bo fixed by tho
selt-doterminatlon of tho population. Ton
days from tho peaco German troops and
authorities shall ovacunto tho region
north or tho lino running from tho mouth
ot tho Schlel, south of Kappel, Bchleswlg
nnd FrlodrlcliBtadt, along tho Klder lo
tho North sen, south ot Tootling; tho
workmen's nnd s -Idlers' council shall bo
dissolved, and tho territory administered
by an International commission of live,
of whom Norway and Sweden shall bo In
vited to namn two.
IMCI,OOI.ANI. The forllllriitloiii..
military establishment nnd harbors ut
the IslnmlH of Helgoland und Dime arc
to be destroyed under the supers Islnn
of the nlllm by Gi-ruinn Inlior nnd nt
Germany's expense. Tliry tuny not be
reconstructed for any similar forlllleu
tlon Imllt In the future.
11UH8IA. -Gormnny agrees to rcspoot
as permanent and tnallonablo tha Indo
pndoncy of all territories which wore
part of tho former Husslau empire, to
accept tho abrogation of tho lirost
Lltovsk and other trcattcH entered Into
with tho Mnxlmnllst government of
Itussla, to recognize tho full foroe or
all treaties entered Into by tho allied
nnd ussoclnted powors with states
which wore a part or tho former Hus
sion empire nnd to recognize the fron
tiers ns determined thereon, Tho nl
lled and ussoclatod powers formally re
servo the right ot Itussla to obtain res
titution und reparation or tho princi
ples or tho present treaty.
Section Flvti German Rights Outside
Europe
Outside Vhiropo Germany renounces
all rights, titles nnd privileges ns to
hor own or her allies' territories to nil
tho allied and associated powers, and
uiuiorinKcs to accept wuaiuvcr meas
ures uro taken by tho flvo ulllcd pow
ers. In relation thereto.
t'OMlMHH AND OVHUNKAS VOH.
.M3VMON.H (irriuuny renounced lu tu
tor ut the nllled mid iiksoeliitrd pourrn
hrrotrrsrna iokrlunn Uli nil rlgMn
und title therrln. All mumble nnd
liiuitotublr property belonging to tho
German empire or to liny Grrmnu
Mtnte tlinll piiwt to the unt eminent
rrrlnlug authority thrrelu.
These governments may make what
ever provisions seem suitable ror tho
repatriation or German liatlonalu nnd
us to tho rondltlons on which German
subjects or European origin ahull re
side, hold property or carry on busi
ness, Germany undertakes to pay rep
aration ror damage suffered by French
nationals in the Kameruns or ltn fron
tier zono through tlio acts of German
civil and mllltury authorities nnd of
Individual Germans from January 1.
1900, to August 1. 19H.
Germany renounces all rights under
the conventions ot November 4, 3911,
nnd Heptomber 89, 1912, and undertakes
to pay to France in accordance with an
estimate presented by the repatriation
commission nil drpoilts, credits, ad
vances, etc. thereby soeiirod. Ger
many undertakes to accept and observe
any provisions by tho allied and asso
ciated powers ns to tho trnda In arms
and spirits In Africa as well as to tho
general act of lierlln or 188S and tho
funeral uct ot llrussels of 1S90. Din
oniatlo protection to Inhabitants of
former German colonies is to bo given
by the governments exercising author-
CHINA. Oormuny renounces in fuor
of China ull pilvllsgoH nnd Indemnities
resulting from the lloxer protocol of
I'JUl, end all buildings, wharves, barnu Its,
furls, munitions of warships wireless
(ilunts und other publlu piopeity ex. ep'
MCOAvKOivKvIvIvKOivIvIO
M HIGH SPOTS IN PEACE
TREATY.
Alsace- Lorraine
France.
goes to
The Saar valley will be tern- JJ
porarny internationalized.
Danzig will be permanently
Internationalized.
,, Germany renounces all terrl-
torlal rights outside of Europe. $
Germany recognizes the Inde- A
! pendence of Poland and Czccho- J
Slovakia.
X The German army Is reduced $J
$ to 100,000 officers and men, and $
n conscription witnin uermany is
;; abolished.
The German navy Is reduced
X to 24 warships and no subma-
rlnes.
! Germany may have only 100
unarmed seaplanes, to search for
mines off her coast.
Germany will pay an Indem
Germany agrees to the trial of
the ex-kaiser.
The disposition of the surren-
dered German fleet, the German !
colonies and the German cables $
Is left to future action. W
The league of nations becomes JJ
&
:
: a living organization. ':
v tt
diplomatic or consular establishments In
tho German concessions of Tientsin and
Hankow and In other Chinese territory
oxcept Klaochow and agrees to return
to China at her own expenso all tho
astronomical Instruments seized In 1901.
Chln.i will, however, take no measures
for disposal of German property In" tho
logntlon quarter at Pekln without tho
consent of tho powers signatory to the
lloxer protocol. Germany accepts the
nbrogntlon of the concessions at Hankow
and Tientsin, China agreeing to open them
to International us.
MOROCCO. Germany senounces nil her
rights, titles and privileges under tho act
of Algeclraa and the Franco-Gorman
agrcomonts of 1909 and 1911 and under
nil treaties und arrangements with tho
Bhorlflun empire. She undertakes not to
Intervene In any negotiations as to Mo
iocco between Franco and other powers,
accepts all tho consequonccs ot tho French
protectorate and renounces tho capitula
tions. KOYPT. Germany recognizes tho Brit
ish protoctornto over Egypt declared on
Docembor 18, 19H, nnd renounces ns from
August 4, 1914, tho capitulation and all
tho treaties, agreements, etc., concluded
by her with Dgypt. She undertakes not
tp intervene in. any negotiations about
Kgypt between Great Britain and other
powers.
There ore provisions for Jurisdiction
over German nationals and property and
for German consent to any changes which
may bo mudo In relation to tho commis
sion or public debt. Germany consents to
tho transfer to Great Urltaln of tho pow
ers given in the lato sultan of Turkey
for seciiMiiK the freo navigation of tho
Huoz catu. Arrangements for property
belonging to" Gorman nationals in Egypt
aro mudo similar to thoso In the caso or
muriicco nnu oincr countries. Anglo
Lgvptlun goods entering Germany shall
enjoy tho sumo treatment as ISrltlah
goods.
TURKEY AND BULGARIA.-aormniiy
neenpts ull arrangements which tho allied
and associated powers make with Turkey
nnd Bulgaria with rererenco to any right,
privileges or Interests claimed In thoso
countries by Germany or her nationals
and not dealt with olsewhcro.
SHANTUNG. Germany cedes lo Jn
pnn nil rlgbtn. titles nnd privileges, no.
Inbly iis to KliinehtMT. nnd the rnll
romlx, mlncH nnd entiles acquired l,y
her (rent)' villli Cblnn of March (i,
JH117, nnd other ngreemeuta ns to Slmn
t II 11 IT.
All Gorman rights to tho railroad from
Tslngtati to Tstnaufii, including all fnclll.
ties nnd mining rights nnd rights of ex
ploitation, pass equally to Japan and the
rabies from Tslngtau to Shanghai and
Chefoo, tho cables free of all charges. All
Gorman stato property, movable nnd im
movnblo, In Klaochow Is acquired by
Japan freo of all chargos.
Section' Six.
In order to render possible, the Initia
tion of a general limitation of tho nrmn
monts of all nations, Germany undertakes
directly to observe tho military, naval
and ntr clauses which follow:
MILITARY KOIIC1CS. The demobili
sation of the Germany nrmy must tnke
plnco nlthln two months ot the peace.
Its strength limy not exceed 100,000, In
cludlnir 4,000 offlcers, with not orr
set en dlWnlon of Infantry nnd three
ut rnvnlry, und to be devoted exrlu
Mlrly tu maintenance of Internal order
und control ot frontiers,
Dlvlolons may not bo grouped under
moro than two army corps headquarters
starts. Tho great German general stnff Is
abolished. Tho army administrative serv
ice, consisting or civilian personnel, not
included In tho nuinbor or effectives, Is
reduced to one-tenth the total In tho
1913 budget. Employees of the German
states, such as customs ofllccrs, flist
guards and coast guards, may not exceed
tho number In 1913. Gendarmes and locM
police may bo Increased only lu nccord
unco with tho growth of population. None
of theso may bo nssemblcd for military
training.
ARMAM1CNTS-AU establishments for
tho manufacturing, preparation or stor
age, of arms and munitions of war, ex
cept thoso Npcctllcally excepted, must bo
clntod within threo months or tho peaco
und their personnel dismissed, Tho exact
amount ot armament nnd munition al
lowed Gormuny Is laid down In detnll
tnblos, all In oxcess to be surrendered
or rendered nucleus, Tho manufacture oj
Importation of asphyxiating, poisonous
or other gases and nil analogous liquids
Is rorblddon ns well as tho Importation of
arms, munitions and war material. Oer
many may not manufacture such ma
terial ror rorelgn governments.
CONSCRIITION Conscription Is
abolished In Germany. The enlisted per
soniiel must bo maintained by voluntary
enlistment for teniiH of twelve consecu
tive years, tho number or dlschnrgvs be
foro the expiration of that term not In
nny year to oxceed G per cent ot tho total
effectives. Otllcors remaining In the sen
Ico must ngroo to servo to tho ago of
forty-llvo years and newly appointed olll
cers must ugreo to servo actlvoly foi
twenty-tlvo years.
No military schools except thoso abso
lutely Indlspousnblo ror tho units ullowed
rhall oxl it In Gormnny two months ntler
tho peaco. No associations such an so
rlettes ut discharged soldlors, shooting Or
touring clubs, oducutlotin! establishments
or universities may occupy themsthe"
with mllltury matters. All mensures o'
mobilization nro forbidden.
FOKTHF.SSHCR- All fortified works, for
tresses und field works situated In Gt
man territory within a zone DO kll
meters (30 miles) east ot tho Rhine will
bo dismantled nlthln three months. The
construction of nny now fortifications
there Is forbidden. Tho fortlfted works
on tho southern and eastern frontiers,
however, may remain
CONTIlOU Interallied commissions of
control will seo to tho execution of the
provisions, for which a tlmo limit Is t.et
the maximum tiami-d being threo months
Thoy may establish headquarters at tho
German seat of government and go to
any part of Germany doslred German
must give thorn complete facilities, pn
their nxiHtnscs und also tho expenses or
execution of tho troaty. Including tho lube
und material necessary In demolition, dr
structlon or surrendm of wnr equtpmi'n
NAVAI The German imvy must be
drmiihllUril vllliln n period of tnu
niotitliH nttrr Hip rnrr. She will he nl
Imifil six Niunll bnltle ships, nix light
eruUrrx, Inrhr drntruyrrx, twrltr tor
pedo hunla and uu suliiuurluca, either
$ nlty, the amount of which Is not
yet fixed, the Initial payment to )
$ be 25,000,000,000 marks, about
!) $6,000,000,000.
J Germany cedes a large part $
A of her merchant fleet to the al-
lullltnry or commercial, wtth it person
nel of IB.OOO men, Inclmllnrr nlllcers,
mid no rnifnp force of nny character.
Conscription Is abolished, only voluniury
serylco being permitted, with a minimum
period of 25 yenrs service for ofllcers
nnd 12 for men. No member of tho Ger
mun mercantile marine will bo permitted
" nnvai training
All German vessels or war In foreign
ports, and the Gcrmun high sea fleet In
terned at Scapa Flow will bo surren
dered, tho final disposition of theso ships
to be decided upon by the allied and as
sociated powers,
A I it .The armed forces of Gormnny
must not Include nny military or nmnl
air forces necpt for not oter one hun
"red unarmed MrnpluueH to he retiilned
till October 1 to search for submarine
'"llA Ko dirigible shall be kept.
PRISONERS OF WAR.-Tho repatria
tion of German prisoners and Interned
civilians Is to bo carried out without de
lay and ut Germany's expenso by a com
mission composod of representatives of
the allies and Germany. Thoso under
sentonco for offenses against discipline
nro to be repatriated without regard to
tho completion of their sentence. Until
Oermany has surrendered persons guilty
of ofTenses against the laws and customs
of war. tho allies have the right to re
tain selected German ofllcers
GRAVES Both parties will respect and.
maintain the graves of soldiers and sail
ors burled on their territories, agree to
recognize! and nsslst any commission
charged by any nllled or associate gov
ernment with Identifying, registering,
maintaining or erecting suitable monu
ments over tho graves, nnd to nfford to
each other nil facilities ror the repatria
tion of tho remain of their soldiers
Itn.SPON.SIIHMTin.S. The allied nnd
" lutfd powers publicly nrrnlgn
Wllllniu II, of Ilolirnr.ollrrn, formerly
German emperor, not for nn offense
ngnlnnt criminal Inw, but for u su
preme offense ngnlnnt International
morality nnd (he sanctity ut trentlen.
The ox-emperor's surrendor is to be
requested of Holland, nnd a special tri
bunal sot up, composed of ono Judge from
each of the flvo great powers, with full
guaranties of tho right of defense. It Is
to bo guided "by tho highest motives ef
International policy with a view of vin
dicating the solemn obligations of In
ternational undertakings and the valid
ity of International morality" and will
fix tho punishment It feels should bo
Imposed.
PcrsonB accused of having committed
acts In violation or tho laws and customs
or war are to bo tried and punished by
mllltnry tribunals under military law. ir
tho charges niTect nationals of only one
stato thoy wll bo tried before a tribunal
of that state; If thoy affect nationals of
several states they will be tried before
Joint tribunals of tho states concerned.
Gormany shall hand over to tho asso
ciated governments either Jointly or sov
crJlly all persons so accused und all
documents nnd Information necessary to
Insuro full knowledge of tho Incriminat
ing acts, tlio discovery of tho offenders
nnd the Just appreciation of the respon
sibility. Section Seven Reparation.
The nllled and nx-oclated goern
nirntn nlllrni, nnd Germuny ucecptN on
liflmlf of herself nnd her allies, the re
sponsibility for cunning all the loss
nnd damage to which the nllled nnd
naancluted KOvcrnnirntM and their iin
tlonnln lime been subjected ns n con
"fcjiicnce of the wnr Imposed upon
tlieni by the aggression of the enemy
Ntntcs.
Tho total obligation of Germany to
pay, as defined In tho category of dam
ages, Is to bo detormlned und notified
to her after a fair hnarlng nnd not
later thnn May 1, 1921, by an Inter
allied reparation commission. iAt tho
same tlmo a schedule of payments to
discharge tho obligation within thirty
years shall be presented. These pay
ments nro subject to postponement In
certain contingencies. Germany Irrev
ocably recognizes tho full authority of
this commission, agrees to supply It
with all tho necessary Information nnd
to pass legislation -to effectuato Its
findings. Sho further agrees) to restore
to tho nlllos cash and certain articles
which can bo Identified.
As an Immediate step toward resto
ration Germany shnll pay within two
years 20.000,000,000 marks In either
gold, goods, ships, or other speclllo
forms ot payment, with tho under
standing that certain expenses, such us
those of tho armies of occupation and
payments for rood and raw materials,
may bo deducted at tho discrotlon or
tho nlllcs.
While tho grand totnl or damages
assessed against Gormany may exceed
her ability to pay, she undertakes to
mako compensation ror all damages
caused to civilians under seven main
categories: (a) Damages by personal
injury to civilians caused by nets or
war, directly or Indirectly; (b) damago
caused to civilians by acts of cruelty
ordered by the enemy nnd toj civilians
In tho occupied torrltory; (o) damages
caused by maltreatment of prisoners;
(d) damages to tha allied peoples pre
sented by pensions and separation al
lowances capitalized at tho Blgnnturo
of this treaty; (c) damages to prop
erty other than navnl or military ma
terials; (f) damages to civilians by be
ing forced to labor; (g) damages In tho
form of levies or fines Imposed by tho
cnomy.
In periodically estimating Germany's
capacity to pay tho reparation 6om
mlsston shall examine tho Gorman sys
tom of taxation, first to tho end that
tho sums for reparation which Ger
many In required to pay shall become
a charge upon ull her revenues, prior
to that for tho sorvlco or dlsohargo of
any domestic loan, and, secondly, ho ns
to satisfy Itself that In .general tho
German schema of taxntlon Is fully as
heavy proportionately ns that of any
of tho powers represented on tho com
mission. Tho commission may roqulro Germany
to give from time to ' time, by way of
guaranty, Issues of bonds or other obliga
tions to cover such claims ns are not
otherwise satlMlcd. In this connection
nnd on account ot tho totnl amount of
claims, bond issues nre presently to bo
required of Get many In acknowledgment
of its debt ns follows:
Twenty billion marks, gold, payable
not lator than May 1, 1921, without In
terest; forty billion marks, gold, bearing
2',4 per cent Interest between 1921 and
1926 and thereafter 5 per cent, with a 1
per cent sinking fund payment begin
ning In 19211, and an undertaking to dc
llvor forty billion marks gold bonds bear
ing Interest nt 5 per cent, undor terms to
bo fixed by tho commission.
SHIPPING, Tlio German govornmont
recognizes tho right of tho allies to tho
replacement, ton for ton nnd clnss for
class, of all merchant ships nnd llshlng
bouts lost or damaged owing lo tho war,
and ngii'os to code lo tho allies all Ger
man merchant ships of l,o tons gross
and upward, one-half of her ships between
l.iiOO und l,f.) tons gross and one-quarter
of her steam trawlers and other fishing
boats Theso ships uro to bo delivered
within two months to tho reparation
committee, together with documents of
tltlo evidencing tho transfer of.the ships
freo trom encumbrance.
As an uddltlonal part of reparation,
tho Gorman government further agrees
to build merchant ships for tho account
of tho allies to tho amount of not ex
ceeding .000 tons gross nnnunlly dur
ing tho next flvo years. All ships used
for Inland nuMgutluu taken by Germany
from tlio allies uro to bo restored within
two months, tho amount of loss not cov
ered by such restitution to bo made up
by tho cession of the German river lleet
up to 20 per lent thereof.
In order to effect puyment by dollv
jrlos In kind, Oermany Is required, for a
limited number of years, vnrjlng In tho
cuse of ouch, to deliver coal, loul tar
products, dyesturts and chemical drugs In
specific amounts to tho reparations com
mission. Tho commission muy so modi
fy tho conditions of delivery as not to
Interfero unduly with Germanis InJui
trial requirements. The deliveries of coal
uro based largely upon tho principle of
making pod diminutions in the produc
tion of the ulllcd countries resulting from
tho war.
DEVASTATED AREAS.-Germaiiy un
dertakes to devote her economic re
sources directly to tho physical tostorn
tlon of tho Invaded arous. Tho reiwirulion
commission Is authorized to require Ger
many to replacu tho destroyod articles by
the delivery of animals, machinery, etc..
existing In Germuny. nnd to manufacture
materials required for reconstruction pur
poses: ull with duo consideration for Ger
many's essential domestic requirements
Germany Is to restore lihln six months
the Koran of the Caliph Othman. forum r
ly at Medina to tho king of Iledtuz. and
the skull of tho tjultan Qkwawn, formerly
In aermun Kast Africa, to Ms Hrltuunu
majesty's government Tho Uernia i ..
crumeiit Is ulso to restore - ue Kr- i h
government crtutn papers tai.e ! t- ... e
German authorities In 1870, belonging thon
to M. Rcuhcr. and to restore tho French
lings taken during tho wur of 1ST0 and
1S71.
FINANCES. Powers to which German
territory Is ceded will nssumo a cer
tain portion of tho German prewar debt,
the amount to be fixed by the repara
tions commission on the basis of the
ratio between the revenue anil of the
ceded territory nnd Germany's total rev
enues for tho threo years preceding the
war. In view, howover, or tho special
circumstances under which Alsnce-Lor-rnlno
was separated from Franco In
Uil, when Germany refused to accept
nny part of tho French public debt,
trunro will not assume ahy part of Ger
many's prewar debt there, nor will Po
land sharo in certain Gorman dobts In
curred for tho oppression of Poland. If
tho valuo of the Gorman public property
In ceded torrltory exceeds the amount
of dobt assumed, the states to which
property ceded will give credit on repara
tion for tlio excess, with the exception
of Alsace-Irralne. Mandatory powers
will not ussuma any German dobts or
give nny credit for German government
property. Germany renounces all rights
of representation on, or control of, state
banks, commission or other similar Inter
national financial and economic organiza
tions. Oermany is roqulred to pay the total
cost of tho nrmlos of occupation from tho
date of tho armistice as long as they are
maintained In German torrltory, this cost
lo bo a first chargo on her resources. The
cost of reparation Is tho next charge,
nfler making such provisions for pay
ments for Imports as the allies may deem
necessary.
Germany Is to deliver to tho allied
and associated powers all sums deposited
In Germany by Turkey and Austria-Hungary
In connection with the financial sup
port extended by her to them during tho
war and to transfer to tho allies all
clnlms against Austria-Hungary, Bul
garia or Turkey In connection with agree
monts made during tho war. Germany
confirms tho renunciation of tho treaties
of Bucharest and Brest-Lltovsk.
On the request ot tho reparations com
mission Germany will expropriate any
rights or Interests of her nationals In
public utilities In ceded territories or
those ndmlnlstored by mandatories, and
In lurkey. China, Russia, Austria-Hungary
and Bulgaria, nnd transfer them to
the reparations commission, which will
credit her with their valuo.
Germany guarantees to repay to Bra
zil tho fund arising from tho snlo of Sao
Puulo coffee which she refused to allow
Brazil to withdraw from Germnnv.
Section Eight Economic Clauses..
CUSTOMS. For a period of sl months
Germany shall Impose no tariff duties
higher than tho lowest In force In 1914,
and for certain agricultural products,
wines, vcsetablo oils, artificial silk and
v-f-aned or scoured wool this restriction
obtains for two and a half yeurs or for
flvo years unless further extended by the
league of nations. Germany must give
most favored nation treatment to the
allied and associated powers. She shall
Impose no customs tariff for five years
on goods originating In AIsaco-Lorrnlno
and for three years on goods originating
In former German territory ceded to Po
land, with tho right of observation ot a
slUV!nr.xo.ePtlon for Luxemburg.
SHIPPING.-Ships of tho-allied and
associated powers shall for flvo years and
thereafter, under condition of reciprocity,
unless tho leaguo of nations otherwise
dec des, enjoy the same rights In German
ports as German vessels and have most
favored nation treatment In fishing, coast
ing trade and towage, even In territorial
waters. Ships of n. country hnvlng no
sencoast muy bo registered nt some one
plnco within Its territory.
UNFAIR COMPETITION-Germany un
dertakes to give the trade of the allied
and associated powers adequate safe
guards against unfair competition and In
particular to suppress the uso of false
wrappings and markings nnd on condition
?f,1r?cpr,oc W to resl'ect tho laws and
Judicial decisions of allied and associated
states In respect of regional appellations
or wines and spirits.
TREATMENT OF NATIONALS.-Ger-many
shall Impose no exceptional taxes
or restrictions upon the nationals of the
allied nnd ndssocluted states for n. period
of flvo years and. unless tho league of na
tions acts, for an iiiidltlonnl flvo years.
German nationality shnll not contlnuo to
attach to a person who has become a
national of, an allied or associated
MU'rriI.ATERAL CONVENTIONS
Some forty multilateral conventions uro
renewed between Germany nnd tho al
lied rind associated powers, but special
conditions uro attached to Germany's
rendmlsslnn to soveral.
PREWAR DEBTS. A system of
clearing houses Is to be created within
three months, ono In Germany and ono
in each allied und associated stato
which adopts the plan for tho payment
pf prewar debts, including those aris
ing from contracts suspended by tho
w-a.for, tno adjustment of tho proceeds
of the liquidation of enemy property and
the settlement of other obligations.
ENEMY PROPERTY.-Germanyshali
restore or pay for all private enemy
property seized or damaged by her, tho
amount of damages to bo fixed by tho
mixed arbitral tribunal. The allied and
associated states may liquidate Ger
man privnto property within their
territories ns compensation for prop
erty of their nationals not restored or
paid for by Germany for debts owed
to their nationals by German na
tionals and for other claims against
Oermany. Gormany Is to compensate
Its nationals for such losses and to
deliver within six months all docu
ments relating to property hold by Its
nationals In allied and associated states.
All war legislation as to enemy property
rights and Interests Is confirmed and all
clulms by Germany against tho allied or
associated governments vfor acts under
receptlonal war measures abandoned.
CONTRACTS Prownr contracts be
tween allied dnd associated nations, ex
cepting tho United States. Jnpan and Bra
zil, and Germnn nationals, are canceled
except for debts for accounts already
performed, agreements for tho transfer
or property where the property had al
ready passed, lensos of land and houses,
contracts ot mortgage, pledge or Hen,
mining concessions, contiacts with gov
ernments und Insurance contracts.
Mixed arbitral tribunes shall bo es
tablished of threo members, ono chosen
by Germany, one by the associated states
and the third by agreement, or falling
which by tho president of Switzerland.
They shall have Jurisdiction over all dis
putes as to contracts concluded boforo
the present peuco treaty.
INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY RIGHTS
Industrial, literary und artistic property
aro re-established, tho special war meas
ures of tho allied nnd ussoclnted powers
nro ratified and tho right icserved to
Imposo conditions on the use of German
patents and copyrights when In tho public
Interest Except as between the United
States and Germany prowar licenses and
rights to suo for Infringements are can
celled. Section Nine.
OPIUM. Tho contracting powers agree,
whether or not they havo signed and
ratified tho opium convention of January
23, 1912, or signed tho special piotocol
opened at The Hague In nccordanco with
resolutions ndoptcd by the third opium
conferenco In 1914, to bring tho said con
vention Into force by enacting within 12
months of tho peaco tho necessary legisla
tion. RELIGIOUS MISSIONS.-The ullled and
associated powers agree that the proper
ties of religious missions In territories be
longing or ceded to them shull contlnuo
In their work under control of the powers.
Germany renouncing all claims In their
behalf.
Section Ten.
AERIAL NAVIGATION.-Alrcrnft of
the ullled and associated powers havo full
liberty of passage and landing over and
In German torrltory. equal treatment with
tiermun planes ns to uso of Germnn air
dromes, and with most favored nation
hluues as to Internal commercial tralllc
in Germany. Germany agrees to accept
allied certificates of nationality, air
worthiness or competency or licenses und
to npply tlio convention relative to aerial
navigation concluded between the allied
and associated powers to her own aircraft
over her own territory Theso rules npply
until 1923 utiles:! Germany has slnco boon
ndmltted to tho leaguo ot nations or to
tho above convention.
Section EievenT
FREEDOM OF TRANSIT -Germany
must grant freedom of transit through
her territories by mnll or water to per
sons, goods, ships, carriages, and malls
from or to anj of tho allied or asso
ciated powers, without customs or transit
duties, undue delays, restrictions or d's
irlmlnntlons based on nationality, meam
of truiikport, or placo of entry or de
I irttire t.oods in transit shall bo assur
ah pous.blu bpeed or Journey. cpecju
perlshuble goods. Germuny may not
divert truinc rrom Its norma! course In
favor of her own transport routes or
maintain "control sttttions" In lonn.-ctlon
with transmigration truffle She iuu not
establish nny tax discrimination against
the ports or nllled or nssoi luted powers,
must grant tho latter's seaports all fac
tors, und reduced tariffs grunted her
own or other nationals, and ultord the
allied and assoi laW powers equal rights
with thoso ot her own nationals In her
ports and waterways, save that sha Is
free to open or close her mnrltlme coast
ing trnde.
FREE ZONES IN PORTS-Freu zones
existing In Germnn ports on August 1,
1914, must be maintained with due facili
ties no to warehouse und parking, without
discrimination, nnd without churges ex
cept for expenses of administration and
use. Goods leaving the freo zones for
consumption In Germany and goods
brought Into tho free zones from Ger
many shall be subject to the ordinary im
port and export taxes.
INTERNATIONAL R1V15RS The Elbe
from the Junction of the Vltnvo, the Vl
tava from 1'rague. tho Oder from Oppa,
tho Nlemen from Grodno nnd the Danube
from Utm are declared International, to
gether with their connections. The ri
parian states must ensure good conditions
of navigation within their territories un
less a special organization exists therefor.
Otherwise appeal may be had to a special
trlbunnl of tho league of nations, which
also may arrange for a general interna
tional waterways convention.
Tho Elbe and Oder nro to bo placed,
under International commissions to meet
within three months.
THE DANUBE The European-Danube
commission reassumed its prewar pow
ers, bilt for the tlmo being with repre
sentatives of only Great Britain, Franco,
Italy and Houtnanla Tho upper Dunubo
Is to bo administered by a new Interna
tional commission until a dellnlto statute
bo drawn up at a conferenco of the pow
ers nominated by tlio nllled and asso
ciated governments within one year after
the peuco.
THE RHINE AND THE MOSELLE.
The Rhino is placed under the central
commission to meet at Strassbouig within
six months nfter tho peaco und to be com
posed of four representatives of jcrance,
which Bhall in addition select tho presi
dent, four of Oermany, and two each of
Great Britain, Itnly, Belgium, Switzer
land, nnd the Netherlands.
Section Twelve.
RAILWAYS. Germary In addition
to most favored nation treatment on
her railways, ngrees to co-operate In
the establishment of through ticket
services for passenger" und baggage;
to Insure communication by rail be
tween the nllled, ussoclnted nnd other
states; to allow construction or Im
provement within twenty-live years of
such lines as necessary and to con
form her rolling stock to enable Its In
corporation In trains of tho allied or
associated powers. She also agrees to
accept the denunciation of tho Gothard
convention If Switzerland and Italy
request, and temporarily to nxecuto
Instructions as to the transport of
troops and "supplies and the establish
ment of postal nnd telegraphic service,
as provided.
CZECHO-SLOVAKIA. To assure
Czecho-Slovakla access to tho sen, spe
cial rights are given hor both north
and south. Toward tho Adriatic iho
Is permitted to run her own through
trains to Flumo and Trieste. To tho
north Germany la to lease hor for 99
years spaces In Hamburg and Stettin,
the details to bo worked out by a com
mission of threo representing Czecho
Slovakla. Germuny and Great Britain.
THE KIEL CAN Al The Kiel canal
Is to remain free nnd open to war and
merchant ships of all nations nt peace
with Germany, subject, goods nnd ships
of all states nro to be treated on terms
of absolute equality, and no taxes to
be Imposed beyond thoso necessary for
upkeep nnd Improvement for which
Germany Is to be responsible. In case
of violation or or disagreement ns to
thoso provisions, nny state may appeal
to tho league or nations, and may do
mand the appointment of nn Interna
tional commission. For preliminary
hearing ot complaints Gurmany shall
establish a local authority nt Kiel.
Section Thirteen.
INTERNATIONAL LABOR ORGANI
ZATION Members of tho leaguo of na
tions agreo to establish u permanent or
ganization to promote International ad
justment ot labor conditions, to consist
of an annual International labor confer
enco and an International labor ofllce.
The former Is composed of four rep
resentatives of each state, two from the
govarnment und ono each from the em
ployers and the employed, each of them
may vote individually. It will bo a de
liberative legislation body, Its measures
taking the form of draft conventions or
recommendations for legislation. Which
If passed by two-thirds vote must bo sub
mitted to the law-making authority In
every state participating. Each govern
ment may enact tho terms Into law; ap
prove tho principle, but modify them to
local needs; leave, the actual legislation
In case of a federal stato to local legis
latures, or reject the convention altogeth
er without further obligation.
The International labor ofllco Is es
tablished at the seat of the league ot
nations and pait ot its organization. It
Is to collect nnd distribute Information on
labor throughout the world und pieparo
agenda for tho conference.
It will publish a periodical In French
nnd English und possibly other lan
guages. Each state agrees to mako to It
for presentation to tho conferenco an an
nual report of mensures tuken to execute
accepted conventions.
Tho first meeting of tho conference
will tako placo In October, 1919. nt
Washington, to discuss tho eight-hour
day or 48-hour week; provcntlon of
unemployment; extension nnd ap
plication of the International conven
tions nelopted at Berno In 1906 prohib
iting night work for women nnd tho
uno of white phosphorus In tho man
ufacture or matches; and the employ
ment or women nnd children at night
or in unhealthy work, or women borore
and after childbirth, including mater
nity benefit, nnd of children ns regards
minimum age.
Section Fourteen.
GUARANTEES. -As n guarantee for tlio
execution ot the treaty Germ.m terrltoiy
to the west of tho Rhine, together with
tho bridgeheads, will be occupied by allied
nnd associated troops for 15 years' porlod
if the conditions nre faithfully carried out
by Germany, certain districts. Including
the bridgehead of Cologne, w ill bo evac
uated at tho expiration ot five years or
tnin other dlstilcts, Including thn bildge
head ot Coblenz, and tho tinitory nearest
tho Belgian frontier, will be evacuated
after ten years, ami tho remainder, in
cluding the bridgehead of Mainz, will bo
evacuated after 15 years. In cuso tho
Interallied reparation commission rinds
that Germany has failed to observe tho
wholo or part of her obligations, either
during the occupation or after the 15
years have oxplrcd, the whole or part
of tho areas specified will bo reoocupled
Immediately. If before the oplratlon of
tho 15 years Germuny compiles with all
tho treaty undertakings, tlio occupying
forces will bo withdrawn Immediately
EASTERN EUROPE -All Getmi'l
troops at present In terrltones to tho e.ist
of the now frontier shall return us soon
ns tho nllled and associated uoveinments
deem wise They arc to abstain from
all requisitions and aro lu no iv ty to in
terfero with mensuros lor national de
fense taken by the governmeM concerned.
All questions regarding occupation not
provided for by tho trenty will be regu
lated by a subsequent convention or on
vcntlons which will havo similar force
and effect.
Section Fifteen.
MISCELLANEOUS. Ocrmuny ngre- lo
rccognlzo tho full validity of the uuu es
of peuce and additional conventions I bo
concluded by the allied nnd assolutcd
powers with the powers allied with Ger
many, to ugreo t, die decisions to bo
taken as to tl.o ierrltortss of Austria
Hungary. Bulgaria and Turkey and to
recognize the new states In the frontiers
to be llxcd for them.
Germany agrees not to put forward nny
pecuniary claims ugulnHt nnv nllto.1 or
nssocluted power signing the proMnt
treaty based on events previous to the
coming Into force of tho treaty.
Gormany accepts all decrees as to
German ships and goods mu.e by any
allied m ussoclnted priz court The allies
reservo the right to examine nil decisions
of German prfzo courts. The pitstut
treaty, of which the French and Hrtt.ih
text are both authentic, slwll b rut I Bed
und the depositions of rntlf)"Mton made
ir Paris us soon as Kidl)t
The tre.irv Is to l ,n effective
i all iep ts tor e h ri.A-e-- ,,, u,c
Uu'e of elCLunltlou of lis lui t , ,.io:i
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