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About Dakota County herald. (Dakota City, Neb.) 1891-1965 | View Entire Issue (Jan. 10, 1918)
DAKOTA COUNTY HERALD, DAKOTA CITY, NEBRASKA. S V iehbiru HER WONDERFUL SHOW'NG FOR THE YEAR 1917. RESULTS TOJE PROUD OF Brief Review of Her Accomplishments nnd Achievements During the Twelve Months Just Ended. By Will M. Maupln, Department of Publicity Standing upon tnc thrcshhold of tho Now Year, it is well that No braskans pauso ana rovlow tho ac complishments of tho year that has Just disappeared Into tho limbo of things that were Tho record of 1917 la ono to which Ncbrasknns may point -"1th pride, a record of things accomplished, physical, spiritual and mental. When 1917 dawned upon the world this groat republic was at peace with all tho nations. Ero four months of tho year had passed tho republic was a pai t of the great world war. What has been Nebraska's contribution to the great struggle being waged for the preservation of democracy? Let ns briofly rrviow tho record: Tho first great effort put forth was the mobilizing of mon to bear tho brunt of tho fighting, and Nobraska was among tho first to respond with threo regiments of National Guards men recruited to almost full fighting strength a brlgado of Nobraska sol diers who" had volunteered to fight for thoir country. While this brigade was being mobilized and whipped in to shape, tho elective conscription Machinery was at work, not only in Nobraska but elsewhere, and in no other stato was tho draft law better enforced nor ho machinery in .smoother running order than in Ne braska. Under tho direction of Gov ernor Neville the selective conscrip tion worked so smoothly that Provost Marshall Goucral Crowdcr paid to Governor Neville and through tho governor to tho stato, tho highest compliments for the good work per formed. Today Nebraska has nearly 20,000 of her bravo sons iu army and navy, all preparod to go "over tho top" in making permanent the Idea that peoples and not autocrats shall nilo tho world. But It takos moro than men in arms to win a war. Behind tho fighting men there must bo men and women mak ing tlio utmost sacrifices to feed them and clotho them and provide them with everything necessary to their comfort and well being. Tho producMon of foodstuffs and material for clothing, Rod Cross and Y. M. C. A. activities and Liberty bond sub scriptions, aro among tho greatest of -war activities, and Just as essential to cuccess as fighting mon. How has Nebraska measured up in these thingH? Nebraska exceeded her quota in the first LIborty Bond drive by several millions of dollars, and when the sec ond Liberty Loan drive came on, Ne braska set out and groatly exceeded the proud record made In tho first drivo Nebraska's quota for Liberty Bonds was followed by tho Y. M C. A. drive, and Nebraska camo across with "nearly double tho quota assign ed to hfT. This was immediately fol lowed by tho Knights of Columbus drive, work similar to that of the Y. M. C. A., and forgetful of religious differences again, as always, Nebras ka proceeded to moro than double the K. C. quota. From a por capita stand point no other stato has oxcelled Ne braska in Investments in Liberty Bonds or contributions to the Y. M. C. A., K. of C. and Red Cross activi ties. Nor can any other state excel Nebraska's proud record of volun teer enlistments and ready responses to tho selective conscription act. In tho matter of contributions other than men and money, what has been Nebraska's record? Napoleon said that "armies crawl on their bellies," and Shorman said "armies movo no faster than their wagon trains." In other vords, food supplies for the soldicra are as essential an soldiers thombolircs. It Is to this great repub lic that our associates in this groat struggg aro looking for their supplies of foods tuffi, and nobly Is tho repub lic responding. It is chiefly to tho nilddlo Rest, howover, that tho allies must Jrok for thoso supplies of food. Only inn states in' this American Union produce more foodstuffs than they r nsumo, and of theso ten only dig pi iducos moro of tho threo great staj.lo foodstuffs, broad, meat and sugar, than it consumes, and that ono Is Nebraska. Tho five great soli prod ucts necessary to human life aro broad, .ueat, sugar, wool and cotton. Nelnuka produces threo of these in surplus, and ono other, wool, may bo prud.iLod in surplus. No other stato In Hit union is able to match Nebras ka's iv -ord In this respect. When it was realized that the mid dle we it must produco tho foodstuffs it wns aUo realized that other statos not capablo of producing a surplus What Constitutes Dependency Lincoln. Draft boards have been in stiuc'ed by Provost Marshal General ' C'rowdor to uso "common sense and sympathy in tho facts of each Individ ua.1 caso," in determining what would be adoquato support for depondonts of a man registered for war servico. Many boards havo indicated doubt as to v. hat should bo done whon it ap pears that a soldior'a pay and war risk allowance will provide supDoit for depondon.n whoso claimB othor.vlse would entitle tho registrant to deferred -iktBPiltaatlon muai ceonomuo m tA8umptlon le order that there might bo enough to go around Again Nobraska camo to tho front, and no other ittae is bet ter organized for food economy thai. Nobraska. Undor tho direction of Gurdon W Wattles, ono ot Nebras ka's capablo organizers, Nob ra 3 tea 2s sotting a rocord for food conservation. Undor tho direction of John L. Kon nody, another splendid typo of No braskan, fuel economy is being prac ticed with gratifying results. Thus wo havo considered Nobraska with relation to its contribution of men, its contribution ot dollars and its consorvotion of foodstuffs. Wbat about its production. For tho first tlmo In history No braska practically lost a wheat crop In 1917. Tho crop of last year was loss than 20 por cent of tho average. Was Nebraska dlscouragod? Not at all. Tho farmers answered tho ap peal of tho Stato Council ot Dctonse, and tho destroyed wheat acreage was sowed to oats nnd barloy or planted j in rnrn. With fnrms linril lilt liv tho I unlnHvn lt?iff tlin fflpmnra 'annnflnrl .1 i, ... . !- II .. ' up to uio nam, unci me result wus the largest corn crop In tho state's history moo than 200,000,000 of bushels. Tho oats production was al so a record breaker, exceeding tho best previous ylold by sovoral mil lions of bushols. Hero Is a fact that can not be dis puted: Nobraska in 1917 produced a greatei surplus ot foodstuffs than any other stato, measured either by pop ulation or totals. Although tho wheat crop was deemed a total failure, No braska produced enough to supply her own needs for bread and seed, and had a fow millions of bushels to spare to tho armies in the field. No braska raised enough BUgar for her own consumption, and had almost as much moro for her contribution to tho allies, Threo years ago not a pound of potnsh was produced In No braska, and tho United States pro duced loss than 5 por cent of the pot ash it consumed, the remaining 95 per cent coining mainly from Ger many. Today tho United Statos Is pro ducing practically every bit of potash It is consuming, and Nebraska is pro ducing 75 per cent of it. The potash produced in Nebraska in 1917 was worth more In dollars than tho gold mined In any ono stato In tho Union. Following is a conservative statoment of Nebraska production in 1917, based upon the average of prices prevailing during the year; Corn $325,000,000 Wheat 30,000,000 Other grains 70,000,000 Potatoes 12,000,000 Fruits 8,000.000 Potash 1S.000.000 Meat stuffs 100.000,000 Butter 25,000,000 Poultry 20,000,000 Eggs 35,000,000 Garden products 10,000,000 Sugar 9,000,000 Valuo added in manufact uring 30,000.000 jJJJ few AWLANE5 J j 1 ii &0BnffWnA jJmtSm jOT? I gfltffiS &:3I& CAPRON1 j I S j -v .v. 1 . ' .. " ' im rt"v Wkv. ; v 1 mj Grand total for year.. $692,000,000 This means a wealth production of nearly $550 per capita for tho year a record that Nebraska challenges any other stato to excel. On December 31, 1917, Nebraskans had more than $400,000,000 on doposlt in tho stato and national banks ot tho state, or approximately $300 per cap ita another record which challenges comparison. Nor is tho lecord of 1917 an excep tional one, Nebraska has been going "over tho top" in tho matter of pro ductivity for twenty years. Tho Department of Publicity has recently compiled from tho reports of the United States Bureau of Ag riculture a tablo showing tho product ivity of the states covering a period of twenty years, 1895 to 191G, in clusive It shows that in the produc tion of wheat .oats, corn, horses, cat tle, swine, and average farm values and valuo of all farm property, Ne braska rankB third among tho states being excelled only by Illinois and Iowa. In tho total valuo of corn, wheat an oats produced during that, period, Nebraska ties with Illinois for first place. In tho production ot cattle and swino Nebraska ties with Illinois for second place. In average values of all farm property Nebras ka is in fourth place, and In tho same relative position in the average val ues por farm. Measured in' contributions of men and money to tho groat war, Nebras ka ranks alongside any of her sisters. Measured on contributions of food stuffs to tho great war, Nebraska claims first place and is ready with the figures to substantiate nor claims. Nor has Nebraska lagged behind in other activities because of tho "speed ing up" of war activities. Education ally this great stato s"I". holds first place. For each child of school ago within tho state's borders thero is upward of $10 invested in Interest bearing scent Hies, the rovenues from which aro devoted to the support of the public schools. Tho stato does not owo a dollar, either in bonded or floating indebtedness. It owns prop erty exceeding $30,000,000 in valuo. Its future is as sure as its past de velopment has been inarvolous. Gathering the Income Tax. Washington. Tho great task of gathering Income tax and excess profits returns began Wednesday with tho new year Every unmarried person earning more than $1,000 during tho la3t year, and every mairlod person or head of a family who made moro than $2,000, must fllo with tho Internal rovo nue collector of his ulhtrict a roport any time between Wednesday nnd March 1. He will bo notified bofoni J Juno 1 ot the tax due, and ur.yment 1 will be due hv Juno 15. II2Y were Just airplanes two yenrs ago, but the demnnds of war havo stimulated the evolution of aircraft m Intensively thnt In the Inst few months at least threo different spe cie of airplanes havo been devel oped, and these arc as distinct from each other as condors, pigeons and swallows. The monoplane has gone the way of the high-wheeled bicycle; It Is seen no more In the ulr. And In stead of just airplane., we have bombing machines reconnaissance machines nnd battleplanes, each n specialized type designed for a specific duty. Then, In a class by themselves, tlK'ie are the hydroplanes, writes Arthur Benlng ton In the Now York World. Bombing machines are the heavy artillery, the condors, the Percherons. the bulldogs of the air. Reconnaissance machines nre the Intelligence service, the currier pigeons, the hunters, the pointers, of (he nlr. Battleplanes, which combine the duties of light cavalry and iniichlne-gun squads, nre the swnl Ipws, the thoroughbreds, the terriers, the waspM, of the nlr. "You might as well ask me what kind of horse I consider the finest," replied an Italian aviator when usked for his opinion on the finest airplane. "It nU depends upon what son ice you want your plane for. For dropping bombs on cities there Is nothing like our own Cnpronl ; the finest climbers I norsonully have encountered were German ma chines; the swiftest flyer up to date Is the Italian S. V. A.; and I flilnlc the Autriaus have the most i eliable hydroplanes." Of course this was merely the nvlnforV personal opinion, and It is glen here not at all because of Its value as a judgment on the several makes of machines, but merelj to Illustrate the diversity of type and the wisdom of not confusing the differ ent types in one's niiiuL For a bombing machine the primary require ment is ability to carry a heavy load. Then, In order of Importance, come: Medium speed (80 to 100 miles an hour) ; climbing power (13,000 feet) ; defensive armament nnd a radius of action from GO to 100 miles. Load-carrying power Involves strength of construction, great stability, and en gines that shnll develop tremendous power nnd yet be as light ns possible. Types of the bomb ing mnchlne nre the Italian Cnpronl, the British Ilandley-I'alnier. and the German Gothn G HI and Fiiedcrlchshnfeii G. II. The reconnaissance machine must have room for at least two persons the pilot and the ob server; installation for wireless apparatus and camerns for taking both still nnd moving pictures; fuel capacity sufficient for three or four hours of flight; fairly high speed say from 115 to I'M miles an hour and ability to carry a machine gun with which lo defend Itself If attacked. The camera Installation makes great stability neees sarj. Types of this machine nre the Italian I'omilln S. V. A, and Hnvola-Fomllio; the Fiench Volsln, nnd the German Brandenburg, Albatross C III and Avlutiks C III. Speed and climbing power are the essentials in a battleplane. The latest tjpes of this sort the Italian S. V. A. and n new model of Pomlllo; the French NIeuport and Spnd, and fhe German Al batross D I and Albatross Bue can carry only one man, who acts as pilot, observer and gunner. Most of them have only ono gun, which Is not mounted on a swivel, hut is an Integral part of tho engine Itself, for, as It discharges its bullets between tho blades of a propeller revolving .so rapidly that It cannot be seen, it must bo perfect ly synchronized with the motor, otherwise a bullet might strike a blade of tho propeller. These machines aro nothing but flying cannon. They carry no pnssengcr, no cameras, no bombs, noth ing except a single operator and the ammunition for the gun. The difference between reconnaissance and bat tleplanes appenr slight when set down In figures, but then every fraction of an Inch affecls'' the speed and stability of an airplane. Some idea of the differences may be obtained from the dimensions, and these can be given only approximately except in one or two cases. It Is, of course, impossible to describe our own Aiueii can planes, so the comparisons that follow are based on foreign machines. One of the smallest of the battleplanes Is a new I'mnlllo which has not yet been tested In America. Aineilcun representatives of the Ansal do company of Genoa, which tnukes the S. V. A. another very small one decline to make Its di mensions public nt present, but Capt. Alessiindro Foiulllo, designer of the machines that bear his name, has no objection to it being stated that the Foiulllo which Hew from Fortress Monroe to Mlneola and which sonieil over New York on Lib erty Loan day, has a wing spread of approximate ly .'IS feet. This, howewr, ! n reconnaissance Jinehlne. The one that is coining is a battleplane and Its win;;s have a spread of only a fraction over ;t() f.K. Both these Fonillio mac bines have exactly the same motor, a "OO-horse-powor Isetta Fraschlnl. but the greater sh'.o of the one already here enables It to carry u passenger and cameras, while the Manlier one can carry only one man. The reconnaissance Foiulllo makes VM miles an '.our; a scout Is said to have made on tests In Italy 1G0 miles an hoiii. .So far as official tests are known, the S, V. A. holds the recoid for speed. This Is the machine that made the sensational (light from Turin to Rome, 300 miles. In two hours and fifty "dilutes, averaging 1!!0.S miles an hour. The French Nleu: port machines are unofllcially reported to have made ns high as 175 miles an hour. The dimensions of the German Albntross D I nre known exactly, Inning been published by the French military authoillles after measurement of captured machines, lis wings have a spread of 20.7 leel; Its fuselage Is 123.(1 feet long; Its speed Ik 121 tulles an hour and It can climb lo 18,1.10 feel. M curries tv.u rapid-lire guns, discharging through r ,i w -v -w. AUDATROS 3-- i . ."xiV ,' ' - - - -& , . v v ' the piopellei, and 100 cut nidges for each gun Returning now to the bombing machines, the types best known nre the German Gothn, which is virtually a copj of the British Ilandley-Falmer, and the Italian Cnpronl. Tho dimensions of the latter cannot be given, for the machines arc In several sizes, the smaller being biplanes, tho largest being n trlplane. Those of the Gothn G III are known. It is a biplane with n wing spread of 77.7 feet, and fuselage '10.38 feet long; It can go 00.8 miles nn hour, ascend ll.S.'O feet and carry a load of 1,320 pounds of bombs besides at least two men. It was necessary to put three planes on tho larger Cnpronl, in order to carry the Immense weight at high speed. It has three fuselages, each with Its own motor, the one In the middle being much shorter than the others. The right and left fuselages have propelleis In front, the middle fuselage has a propeller behind. The mo tors are 2-iO-horso-power Isoltn-Fraschlnl. The Cnpronl are slow machines only about 00 miles an hour and Is capable of fighting single handed against (he little wasps of the air. They are unique in Hint any one of their motors suf fices fo propel the machine; therefore, nil three must be stopped by bullets before It Is di.siibled. In this last respect Its only rival Is so far as known at present writing the great German Gothn, which has two motors, ellher of which will propel It. One of the most sdiklng facts about the evolu tion of air craft since tho war began Is that the monoplane has virtually disappeared. Quito early lu the war the French NIeuport grew an extra pair of wings. The principal reason why two pairs are better than one Is thnt lifting power In the air depends upon the area of the wings. Now the Gotha's two pairs of wings nre 77.7 feet long and 7..'!2(! feet wide, which gives nn area of not) square feet for each pair, or 1.138 squnro feet as the total wing surface. If this were nil lu u single plane, the wing would hno to be about 153 feet long If they hud the same breadth as now; and the leverage of the wind on their ends would be so great that the machine would be absolutely un manageable. For this same reason the biggest of the Cnpronl, which Is by far tho largest thing In tho air, has t'jree planes Instead of two. The Gothn Ik, however, more than a bombing i.iichlne; It Is a verltnble nerlal battleship. Over Ittt bow on u swivel Is a machine gun that can Kl;not forward over a horizontal are of more than 180 degrees, and over u perpendicular arc f about 210 degiees. On Its fuselage, behind Its wings and behind the propellers, Is another gun that shoots astern over a horizontal are of nearly ISO degrees and over a perpendicular arc of about 100. Resides these two guns the Gothn has a third, mounted on u pivot lu the body of the fusel ugc and pointing ilownvurds, through a port hole in dm luittnm nf (tin roselncrp. Bv mniins of till." 1mk iim It enti defend Itself from cncmv ninH chines attacking It from below nnd behind, n poj slllon In which all other tnnchlncs imt tno uouia nrn viiliiernli'n. The Germans have been most lngcnlons in del signing their airplanes ror maximum ciivcuvcuu.i of gun fire. Their slngle-scntcd Albatross D. J and D III, Fokker D, Ilalberstadt Roland D, anil Ago D have two fixed guns firing nheaU tnrougu the revolving propeller, nnd these machines nrj able to carry 2,000 cartridges ror cacn gun. J.nei i wn.nl nnn rneonnalssnncG machines Albntrost Runipler, Avlattk and L. V. O. have ono fixed foi ward gun tiring through the propeller and a set ond lighter gun on a swivel mounted behind th planes and firing to the rear over on anglo of 18 degrees. Tho French have adopted tins sjsiei for the airplanes of similar type. The most Ingenious armament, however, Is th: nf the new Foiulllo scout nlnno. It is not nuvi able to betray the secret of this plane nt presen but It Is permissible to say that the single plh controls live guns, all snooting aneaci stummm ously, nnd that four of these are so pcrfcctl concealed that even a photograph does not sho where they are situated. It Is In renllty a flv barreled Catling gun on wings, this mnciunc now on Its wny to America, If Indeed It hns n iilt'ondv arrived. Talk! g with the Italian aviators now lie! about motors, I found them deeply intercsicu i the now Liberty motor, but none would ventuj to express nn opinion about it. i ennld not Judge of Its value." said one tt.mn. "mil It I had taken it up 5.000 or 100,0 feet In the air and watched how It behaved thci Tho Fiat compmiy. which has heen miiKing n tors ever since these were first Invented, need two whole years of experlinentntlon neiorc u v. able to turn out n satisfactory nirpiano mon c....,.r,.i ti.nPK It thouirht It had it: several tlir it offered a motor that performed perfectly und itw. ninKt evnetliiir lnboiatory tests, but each Hi u fiipd when tested In the rarefied air of 10,( feet above the earth. After two years of tr the Flat peoplo produced the wonderful mot .,. mi extens velv used. Tlie isona-i rascn ,.,.,n.iv lmil a similar experience. Wo all t,WIJIJ'iT ------ . mire Hie perfection of mechanism of the Llbe motor "d wo all hope that actual flight v prove it to lie as perfect as It looks, but no of us would venture to givo a veroici on n m i. i.miI flown with It nt all possible altitudes. These men, all of whom are youths who In had thrilling experiences in actual wariare, fond of discussing the probabilities of a till across the Atlantic. Any ono of them would wiiiinir to attempt t. but they dlsngrco ns to mnchlno most likely to bo the first to make Some say the giant Cnpronl, which would neet least 21 hours, and probably -10, to fly from N foundlnnd to Ireland (tho shortest route), w ,iiit-M miiv .some such mnchlno ns the S. V. A. it emild make tho flight easily between sun and sunset. In the ono case It would bo Ilk giant condor relying on tho power of Its wlngf sustain It a day and a night in night, in tnc oi case It would bo a sea gull or a swallow ren on terrific speed to carry It over by daylfgnt. NAMING OF WARSHIPS. The law requires thut all first-class battles! "shall be named for states and shnll not be nnl for any city, place, or person until tho nnmcl the states have been exhausted," nnd n rel article by Waller Scott Meriwether In tho der points out .that Secretary Daniels' recent! tier assigning tho names of Now Mexico, Call ula, Tennessee, Mississippi, nnd Idaho to thel .supcrdrcudnuughls now under construction pletely exhausts the list of unused names. selecting unities for the five battle cruisers thoil.ed by the Inst congress, recourso was to names which never should havo dlsappc from the navy register Constitution, Const tlon, Saratoga, Ranger, and Lexington. Tin moon old frigates Constitution and Constclln now preserved ns relics of tho wooden flee1 a century ago, will be known ns "Old Constltul nnd "Old Constellntlon." Tlie present Sanj was formerly the New York, the armored crl which served as Admiral Sampson's ilag shll EVERY MAN TO HIS LAST. Because you are an excellent enrpenter timed Somite in his famous Apologia nt At It does not therefore follow that you art wisest of men. Yet the tendency persisted persists, and Alexander Crviden, a great malt coucoi dunces, A-ns found offering his scrvlc tlie British government, over 100 yenrs ag "corrector of morals," Just as many rich buf men lu England today aro offering their sei to tlie government "under tho conviction that! can do In one day what nn expert can II manage In three. Christian Science Monltl IN MONTENEGRO. There's a j-cullni superstition in Monttl whero tho peasants believe that the Iron chain over tho hot ilreplnce will nut heat nt Christmas night, as ut all other times, hut rel cool to I ue touch. To exnlnln this thev that a similar chain hung over the fire hi: tho floor ot the stable at Bethlehem, nnd t tho birth of Christ, the virgin mother grn for siii',t. It became cool at her ton h burn 'n julully hand.