DAKOTA COUNTY HERALD; DAKOTA CITY, NEBRASKA. f . 1 B r- V h K ffl ,, 4 ow Uncle Sam Is Goindfohip & jgmik, a m aV. - "7l ?y the Germans in the Air mz sSS r? ITI1IN (en months the United States will lmve 25,000 brittle plnnes In ser vice In Europe. The plnnes will bo equipped with American motors of 250 horsepower, cnpnblo of driving them nt a maximum speed of 100 miles an hour. Furthermore, these motors will bo constructed principally of aluminum and will be of less weight per horse power than nny airplane motor here tofore built. Thus the plans of the aircraft board of the council of national defense, .adopted by the war department and llnonced by congress, nre in n fair way to bo speedily con summated. Not long ago, the "Washington correspondent of ttho Knnsas City Star, who signs himself "II. J. XI.," went to Dayton, O., to Interview one of the inventors of the airplane about America's great jaerlal program, planned to "blind" the German &rmy. Portions of the reporter's story arc printed below. It gives some details of what Uncle Sam is doing In the production of an army of mnn jblrda: , A young man jumped and caught the propeller lnde of the biplane and gave It a pull. It turned Ibalf way around and stopped. Ho repeated the jierrormonce two or three times. Suddenly there was a troar and the propeller .became I a blur. It was a hot morning In Dayton nnd the breeze from he revolving propeller fan looked refreshing. The plane wasn't going up. It was blocked on the ground .and they were merely trying out the engine. I stepped forward Into tho breeze. "The power Isn't turned on yet," said Orville "Wright, at my side. "It won't be so pleasant hero when it is." The roar turned into thunder. The ground rseemed to be blowing nwny in n cloud of dust. '"We grabbed for uur hats and retreated. "Just one of the training planes," Mr. "Wright explained. "Only a hundred horsepower." Of no importance on a battle line, perhaps. But one of thp gathering squadrons thut even now aro lbeglnnlngeto cast a faint black shadow across the German horizon. For this field, with Its four square miles, Is to be one of the great centers of the aircraft work which Is relied on to turn the scale of battle on the western front. And there at one end of the field, which has been named the Wilbur Wright field, In honor of one of the two brothers who invented the airplane, Is tho little, wenthor- ibeaten shed which was used by the brothers as rthe hangar for their original plane, only thirteen jyears ago. It Is Just a plain shed, and beyond It stretches vtho Imposing line of hangars off into the distance iprotty nearly two miles of buildings, calculated to house the 240. planes that aro to be assembled In tho field eight miles east of Dayton. And, yet, it Is fittingly preserved as a memorial to the dnys -when air flight was being slowly and painstakingly developed by the daring scientific genius of the AVrlght brothers. In Washington I had talked with tho men whose -Imagination had conceived the great 040-mtllIon dollar aircraft program, and who arc now In -charge of Its execution. They aro engineers and -executives, not practical aircraft men. They know -America's Industrial and engineering resources. 'Their enthusiasm Is contagious. I went to Dayton to talk with tho World's fore 3nost aeronautical engineer and to learn some of tho dllllcultles that must bo overcome before we -can put gout the eyes of the Germans In the nlr, organize our surprise attacks, destroy tho enemy communications nnd blow up the Krupp works at Essen. Orville Wright is a man of 40, of medium size. JModest and unassuming, he gives the Impression -of Independence In thought nnd nctlon. He Is deliberative in manner, well-organized, perfectly controlled, clear thinking. "We can do the job," ho said, as wo drove to Ttho aviation field. "And It's worth doing. It offers tus the one big hope of winding up this war next .year, Instead of permitting It to drag along for .years to come. All our Information Is that Ger many and the allies aro keeping about an equal number of plnnes on tho battle front. We can't Ibe sure, but their resources In building seem nbout equal. Each side probably has about 3,500 planes in active service on the western front, aside from their reserves nnd training plunes. "If wo were in a position to put several thou sand planes, mnnned by trained aviators, on the -western front today, we might bring the war to an early end." "By using the planes to extend the range of mrtlllery, and bombing tho enemy lines of com--raunlcayon and his munition plants and naval Abases?" "Possibly, to some extent. I nm not particularly .sanguine over bombing, and I do not believe other Tilyers are. Tho men who have never flown are the most enthusiastic over tho possibilities of dropping bombs. Tho antiaircraft guns keep tho tflyers ut n height of above two miles. Anyone who has ever flown nt that height knows tho tre mendous difficulty of hitting n target. There Is nothing for him to gauge his speed by. The bomb drops through nlr currents moving In different di rections which deflect It from Its course. "Tho Krupp works nt Essen offer n largo enough tnrget so that a squadron of airplanes might bo able to put them out of business. Other plants might be successfully attacked. Under favorable conditions other bombing operations might be carried out successfully. But my Idea of the effectiveness of .supremacy in the air Is along different lines." "Which ones." "In other wars the element of surprise has de termined tho outcomo when tho forces were of .approximately equal strength. Tho general who could mass his men so as to fall on a smaller forco -of the enemy won tho battle. The airplane has topped that. Now a commander on tho western .front knows exactly what his opponent Is doing. JIhero Is no cnance to mnsH men for surprise r'rilaJM'lHL Qjci attacks. Consequently, we hnve the present dead lock In France. "What we must do is to drive every enemy air plane out of tho air. By doing this we not only prevent the Germnns from knowing what we nro doing, but we also crlpplo their artillery, for ar tillery fire has been directed by the nlrpluncs. Then wo can plan surprise attacks and can drive the enemy back. In modern warfare the side with out nlrpluncs Is nt a hopeless disadvantage. When wo gain complete connuand of the air, when wo have literally smothered the enemy nlrpluncs, wo break the deudlock and win the war. "Tho nlrplnnc has pro duced tho deadlock. The airplane can end It." now soon can we" hope to do this?" "We have the best men In the country nt work on the problem. But people must not bo ., impatient if at firsbour progress seems slow. Only men who hnve tried It know the difficulties of building a high-power airplane motor." In the matter of personnel, It mny bo noted, our aircraft promoters believe wo hnve a grent supe riority over the rest of the world, for this reason : It takes an exceptional sort of man to make a good flyer. He must bo quick-witted and have tho steadiest sort of nerves. Otherwise, he comes to grief nnd smashes an expensive machine. Men of this typo volunteered extensively In Britain and Canada early In tho war. They constituted tho armies that went Into the battle line without adequate artillery protection nnd so were lnrgely destroyed. The same forces operated to destroy m tho strong nnd vigorous young men of France anil Germany who would have made good aviators. So today America Is the greatest reservoir In the world of the right sort of material for the per sonnel of the aircraft service. While tho other countries are having difficulty In getting proper men for flyers England has Invited us to send men to her aviation schools because she cannot keep them filled our problem Is merely to train them nnd provide them with equipment. I nsked Mr. Wright what speed plane we might xpect to develop. "It Is a complicated problem, the limit of useful speed," ho replied. "A good many reckless state ments aro made on tho subject by persons with vivid Imaginations. It Is safe to say there aro machines on the western front that can make 1150 miles an hour. So far ns speed Is concerned thero are no Inherent Impossibilities in developing a piano that might mako as high as two hundred miles nn hour. The difficulty is in the lnndlng. "A machine's landing speed Is nbout half its maximum speed. That is, if a plane Is designed to make n speed of fifty miles nn hour Its wings will not sustuln it In tho air if it travels slower than twenty-five miles. It must be moving at a -peed of at least twenty-five miles an hour to make a successful landing. So n plane with a ' speed of 180 miles an hour cannot land at a speed of much less than 6lxty-flve miles." From the field we drove to the laboratory. It Is simply a development of the crude shop in which ho and his brother together worked out the problem of nlr flight. Tho alrplnno was no lucky find. It was not developed by rule of thumb. Wilbur and Orville Wright, sons of n Dayton United Brethren bishop, nfter getting through high school, set up a bicycle repair shop. They had a natural tasto for mechanics nnd for sports. Twenty-one years ago they became Interested In tho ex periments of LIHenthal, tho German experimenter, In a glider. His death nttrncted their attention to his work. For two years they worked on data and "laws" thnt other Investlgntors had produced, only to find that tho work so far done was worthless. So In their own shop In Dayton they devised a "wind tunnel" a chute through which an air blast was driven by un electric fan, und set to work measuring tho resistances of curved sur faces by a wonderfully Ingenious method of their own devising. By a long series of exact measure ments and elaborate mathematical calculations In volving sines and cosines and such, they worked out the problem of the curvature of the planes and of the propellers. The problems of balance were enormously In tricate. But these, too, they solved. They were pioneers. They had to discover the dllllcultles and then find the wny out. So they had to .de vise the methods. It took unlimited patience, resourcefulness .and hard thinking to win success. Ioth tho brothers were primarily scientific men. They were Impatient to devote themselves to the scientific side of furthering the development of aeronau tics. But they necessarily had to finance companies, fight patent suits and con duct the business of estab lishing a now Industry. Wilbur Wright died five years ago, and in 1015 Or ville Wright was able to dis pose of his- business Inter cuts and devote himself to the scientific work where his heart has always been. In his well-equipped laboratory In Dayton he Is now conducting two lines of work which will bo of Immediate value In tho great aircraft program planned by tho government. One Is tho measure ment of the air resistance of curved surfaces ; the other Uie development of a stabilizer to make tho control of tho airplane moro nearly automatic. Other aeronautical laboratories the world over huvo made these measurements of air resistance, but tho figures have sometimes been as far as 100 or 200 per cent apart. Tho. results obtained by tho Wright method fourteen years ugo proved sub stantially accurate, and now Orville Wright Is taking up tho work where he left It off. "I hope to proldo the proper measurements for n largo variety of planes," ho said, ."so that in building different sorts wo shall not hnve to de pend on cut -nnd try." The stabilizer Is an Intricate device by which the action of a rovolvlng fan holds tho airplane steady. "We can set the stabilizer," tho Inventor ex plained, "In such a way, for Instance, as to keep the plane moving In a circle, leaving tho pilot freo to use his hands for making photographs." The stabilizer has boon tried out successfully, but needs' fuither refinements so ns to do away with the need of dally adjustment before, Mr. Wright Is willing to put It Into service. He Is on lntlmnte terms with members of tho govern ment's aircraft production board, and nil ids re sults nro nt the disposal of the government for the prosecution of the war. llo hns great expectations of the development of aircraft In practical liso after tho war, when thousands of trained llyers shnll return to civil life, nnd when we shull have enormous fnctory cnpnclty for turning out tho best machines In tho world. But that, again, Is another story. The Joy and Chivalry of Air Fighting. Flying has become ns much n mutter of routine In wnr ns marching on land or srcnmlng on tho sea, and men nro ordered to fly, nt fixed hours und for stnted periods, ns though flying were a naturnl act, and not the organized miracle that It really Is. A correspondent of tho London Times writes In terestingly ubout It, saying: Out in France tho last chivalries, tho last beau ties of battle have taken refugo In the air. From tho labors, butcheries, miseries, horrors und nsh plt desolation of the earth, the lighting romanco of war hns tnken wings and climbed sunwnrds. Thero nlouc combat Is Individual, visual, decisive. There alone has the combatant to rely solely on himself. There alone Is tho battle decided not through veils of distance, between Impersonnl nnd unknown hosts, but wing to wing nnd fnco to fnce. There alone nro the rare courtesies of warfare still possible; it wns n British squndron thnt suggested, nnd n British nlr mnn who executed, tho dropping of n funeral wreath over the German lines ns n tribute to tho air-warrior Immelmnnn. And there nlonc can In dividual skill nnd courage have their swift reward. For one flash, between a dip and n climb of his swallow flight, tho fighting airman may catch the glint of his opponent's eye, and, If the momentnry burst of fire be truly directed, see him crumple up In his seat and tho noso of his muchlne dip nnd begin Its fatal spinning dive, while tho victor soars up again to snfety nnd solitude. And whnt a solitude Is his I From tho moment In tho nlrplano when the mechnnlc hns given his Inst heave, und tho Inst curt verbnl exchnngc, '"Contact, sir 'Contnct, " hns been given, nnd the engine sets up Its mighty droning song, tho nlrmnn Is alone, submerged In that roaring music, , deaf and dumb. For perhnps a minute ho sits thero testing his engine, fingering his levers, as suring himself that all Is well; and then, as tho drono sinks to n hum, ho makes his last communication tho characteristic quick outwnrd wavo of tho hands and arms. Tho chocks are pulled away, tho hum rises to a drone, breaks Into a roar, nnd ho Is off, bump ing over tho uneven enroll until his speed gives his wings their life, tho rough ground is shed nwny from benenth his feet, nnd he rises into tho sudden pence of tho air. The "peace of the air" may seem like a con tradiction In terms In wnr time; but it Is tho supremo sensntlon of fnlr-weather flying, apart from flying nnd fighting. Once you hnve got your height, whether It be a thousund or ten thousand feet, you seem to be absolutely at rest at rest In sunshine and n strong gale. The dim carpet or map beneath you hardly moves ; and although the trembling fingers of the little clocks nnd dials before you witness to the fluidity of your element and tho tenderness of your hold on It, yet tho only things thnt do not seem to movo nro tho wings and stays of your machine which surround you, a rigid cage from which you look forth upon tho slow-turning earth or the rushing clouds. It is not until the engine has been shut off, and you begin to plnne In mighty circles toward the earth ngan, that you get, In that de licious rush down the hill of air, any sensation of speed; nnd not until, n moment before lnndlng, you skim over the earth at 80 miles an hour, that you realize with what pace you hnve been rushing through the airy vacancy. But these are the sensations of mere Joy-riding Ten or twenty minutes may take the fighting pilot to his stntlon In the air over the enemy's lines. How puny the absurdity of the greatest wnr of all time enn appear Is only known to the nlrmnn ns he sits In the breeze nnd the sun, high nbovo It all; tho danger to him Is not down there, although to uscend into his remote sphere ho has to pass through the zone of anti-aircraft fire; his own pnrtlculor enemy Is tho German fighting ma chine, which may come down to hnrry or destroy the observer, and which he must himself attack the moment It makes Its appenrarice. Between these two he watchfully patrols, and all this time, although a battle may be raging beneath him, ho hears nothing but the strong, rnsplng hum of his engine. He flics nnd fights alone. RAVAGING A WASTED COUNTRY. Tho daring of the Amerlcnn girl of a century ago and the Frenchman's traditional habit of yielding to tho will of "tho ladles" form tho fnbrle of an amusing bit of family record that Mr. William Allen Butler gives In "A Itetrospect of Forty Years." My aunt, Mary Allen, hnvlng spent some tlmo In France, was proficient In her knowledge of tho French language and manners, ho says. On a visit that she paid to Lafayette, who was always exceedingly courteous to Americans, she told him that she had a great favor to ask. Ho Indicated that ho would grant It, and she begged him for n lock of his hair. "Madam," said tho general, "I wear a wig!" But to show his willingness lo meet her wishes, ho proposed to remove the wig nnd let her appro priate any remaining natural hairs that sho could find. Sho nccepted his offer and proved herself to bo a good searcher by getting n few clippings, which sho brought homo, as n great treasure, nnd dl vlded honornbly with my mother. Ench sister carefully preserved her quota of hairs In a rlna W HUNG STATE AND COUNTY COUNCILS CONFER AT LINCOLN. CRISIS OF PLEDGE SUPPORT TO NATION Request Hnller to Resign. Opposo Gorman Teaching and Discuss Numerous Vital Questions. WOMAN'S LIFE Change Safely Passed by Taking Lydia E. Pinkham'a Vegetable Compound. Lincoln, Sept. 11. One hundred representatives of county councils uml oiucers of tho SUito Council of Do fenso met hero during fair week und pledged their utmost support of Ne braska and her citizens to their coun try In tho great world war. Speeches full of enthusiasm, loyal ty und patriotism by tho chairmen of tho county councils, who know condi tions In their territory, and state of ficials who know conditions In statu nnd national affairs, constantly I brought cheers and appreciation from the delegates assembled at the meet ing. Tho sentiment of tho meeting was that Nebraska's resources should bo placed at tho disposal of tho Unit ed States government during tho wnr. Tho meetings, although mnrked by sharp discussion ulong some lines, re vealed that all the members wero working toward tho sumo ends and should concentrate on ono efficient manner to attain the ultimate result. Every county representative pledged tho support and loyalty of his people to tho stato council In its work. All agreed thut only through co-opcrntlon could the results desired bo obtained nnd It was felt that tho meeting will result In n moro general understand ing between tho county nnd stato councils nnd wcrk for tho benefit of both concerned. A resolution domnndlng the resigna tion of Frnnk L. Ilallcr, president of tho board of regents of tho University of Nebraska, was passed by tho con ference nmld loud npprovnl of those present. Tho conference went n step farther. It nsked tho board of regents to depose Mr. Haller, If ho refuses lo resign. The conference commended Itlchnrd L. Mctcnlfc for his courage ous Ioynlty In unmasking Mr. Hnllcr's nllcgcd duplicity. Tho members ex pressed n belief that this will bring Mr. Hnller to take some (Infinite step one way or the other. German text books will bo strictly tnbooed, If the county councils hnvo their wny. They opposo the tenchlng of ntiy foreign lnnguago In grado schools, or tho teaching of tho Ger man language in nny public school. Tho county men feel thnt In passing this resolution they nro speaking tho sentiments of a mnjority of tho pooplo of tho stnte. The fact that many schools have nbollshed the tenchlng of Germnn mny bo nn indlcntlon of the sentiment of these people In Ne braska. Tho Gorman press nlso came In for a round of scoring by tho conference. Claiming that tho German language papers aro using Inslduous methods against tho welfare of tho country, the country cnlls for tho regulation of suppression of the German press nnd demands thnt the United States congress pa laws lo that effect. The conference called upon all fed eral officers to rigidly prosecute nil vlolntlons of existing federal lnws re lating to treason. If existing laws do not denounce ns crlmlnnl stntements derogatory to tho country nnd Its pur pose In time of wnr the council cnlls upon tho congress of tho United Slates (o pass laws to that end. Vice Chairman Couplnnd of the state council of defense spoke In the Interest of tho seed wheat campaign which Is being pushed by tho stnte council. The county councils have boon asked to operate so as to mako tho campaign effective. The county representatives In session showed their Interest and a willingness to co operate with tho seed wheat cam paign by passing a resolution approv ing tho work of tho stato council and tho nppolntmont of G. W. Wattles, na tional food administrator for Nebras ka, and C. T. Nenl, the government wheat buyer, for the territory tri butary lo tho Omaha mnrfcet. The following resolution urging tho united efforts of the county councils and citizens of Nebraskn was offered by the committee and passed by tho conference : "Aftor month of prepnrntlon the firmed forces of tlio Unltod Btntes nro nbout to tnUn their plnre upon tho hnttln lino Our vounu men will won li In tho trenches tt In moro thnn ever necessary thnt they should know thiH hohlnd them I" tho un divided nnl determined spirit of n loynl pconlu to tlm end thnt their imorMcfH mnv Ipo lessened, nnd thnt the victory for whMi they (lKlit muy ho tho sooner nchloved Vwi therefore enll upon nil defense rounrlls of thn ntntn to Increase their pntrlotlo efforts to tlm end thnt every element of streimth mny ho exerted In hnlmlf of n. Just iind righteous rnuso nnd nlso thnt nowhere with in thn confines of Nelirnsks. shnll there ha nnvthlnc hut unquestioned nnd unyMdlntr loyalty to the cnuso of Justlfn nnd of free dom Railroads Kill 10,000 In Year. Washington, D. C, Sept. 10. Ten thousand ono persons wc: killed In railroad accidents during 101G nnd 190,722 were Injured, nccordlng to figtrrcs covering the year, mado pub lic by tho Interstate commerce commission. .ftr J jtKf Probe German Publications. Washington, Sept. 10. Tho govern ment is investigating Germnn Inn. gungo newspapers, socialist piibllofl. tlons and llteraturo of pacifist organ. Uatlons. Prosecutions may follow. Wagoner, Okla. "1 novor got tired of praising Lydia E. Pinkham'a Vego- ibuio Lompouna bocaueo during Chango of Lifo I was In bed two years and had two operations, but all the doctors and op erations did mo no good, and I would havo been In my gravo today had it not been for Lydia E. Pinkham'a Veg etable Comnound which brought mo out of it all right, so -I am now well and do all my housework, besides working in my garden. Several of my neighbors havo got well by tak ing LydiaE. Pinkham'a vcgetablo Com pound." Mra. Viola. Finical, Wagon er, Okla. Such warning symptoms as sense of suffocation, hotilaahcs, headaches, back aches, dread of impending evil, timidity, sounds in tho cars, palpitation of tha heart, sparks boforo tho eyes, irregu larities, constipation, variable appetite, weakness and dizziness should bo needed by middle-aged women. Lydia E. Pink barn's Vcgetablo Convpound hns carried many women Bofely through tho crisis. SAW HIS ERROR TOO LATE Misfortune Convinced Tommy He Had Used Salt Water on Wrong Por tion of His Anatomy. Tommy Tonkins was keen on baseball nnd particularly ambitious to make hi! mark as a cntcher. Any hint, howovei small, was welcomed if It helped on his ndvnnco In tills department of the game. When ho begnu to havo troubh with hlo hands, and somebody suggest cd soaking them in salt water to hard en tho skin, ho quickly followed th( ndvlce. Alus 1 a few days later Tommj had a misfortune. A hit nt tho bot tom of tho garden sent tho ball crash ing through a neighbor's sitting roore window. It wns tho third Tommy had broken slnco tho season began. Mrs. Tonkins nearly wept In nngei when Tommy broko tho news. "Yer father il skin ycr when h comes homo tonight 1" sho said. Poor Tommy went outsldo trembling to reflect. His thoughts traveled to tin punitive strap hanging in tho kltchcc and ho eyed his hands ruefully. "Ah 1" ho muttered, with n sigh. "J make a big mistake. I ought to hav sat in that salt and water." Knew What a Sapling Was. An Amerlcnn umbulnnco driver lntcly returned from tho French front tells of visiting nn instruction camp In Englnnd before snlllng for tha United Stutes. A gunner, he snld, wns leurnlng to shoot nt targets, and the otllcor In charge asked tho novice: "You see that sapling on tho hill side?" "No, sir," replied the gunner nfter n careful look, "I don't sco no snpllng." "What!" yelled the officer, "you seo no sapling? Why, there's ono right In front of you." After another squint the soldier re ported ns before. "Look here," said Jho officer, "do vnu Know what a sapling Is?" "Oh, yes, sir," answered the gun ner, "a young pig." New York Sun. In Same Fix as Our Enemy Aliens. A traveler nt u small hotel In a backward seacoast town of Now Eng land complained to tho clerk of tho Inn concerning the food, the beds, tho rooms In fact, thero was nothing in the house that pleased him. When lie finished, the old, long-benrded pro prietor of tho place drawled: "Young man, did anyono nsk you to come here?" "No, I don't know that they did." "Wal, did anyono ask you to stny here after you came?" "No, I don't know that they did." "Wal, they wun't." Manufacturers Record. Nothing Jolts n woman's sweot, trusting disposition Ilko marrluge. Ho is a lucky man who can stretch the truth without breaking It. -t5g ACK1 Wheat; - , "W1 A m.- fHLLLktaz- A w .y. & ry. s. The wholesome miatritiont of wheat cad barley in most appetizing form