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About Dakota County herald. (Dakota City, Neb.) 1891-1965 | View Entire Issue (Aug. 16, 1917)
DAKOTA COUNTY HERALD; DAKOTA CITY, NEBRASKA. J tat i 2 ( WW ye PLM mm c uwm Dean Shatter Mathews of Chicago University shows how the Kaiser and his militarist gang pounced on democratic world like a wolf pack HflMir Besides being an author, editor, clergyman, and caucHtor, Doeiu, Mathews is a member of the National Security lenBU'n committee orga nised to spread throughout the United Suites information on the oauses of our war with Germany. The committee was formed because of a prev alent belief that many Americans were unfamiliar with the extent of our grievances and the reasons why war could not bo avoided. Doctor Mathews Is known as a student of international politics. In 1916 he and Dr. 8. Ix Qullck went to Japan as representatives of the churches of the United States. 4 (From New York Times Magazine.) AMERICA needs to bo told why it is nt wnr, Its ignorance is to its credit. A nation that has tried to live like n gentleman nmong nntlons has naturally found it difficult to believe that all nations are not moved by respect for tho customs nnd the laws which codify gentlemanly relations between nations. We have at times overpraised our virtues nnd pur poses, and In consequonco for tho Inst generation wo have listened with a rather amused tolerance to suc cessive proclamations of the kaiser nnd the laudation of Germany by subsidized mouthpieces. After wnr broke out in 1014 for two years wo struggled to treat Germuny nnd Its agents as we expected other nations to treat ourselves. Our attitude might have characterized tho Good Samaritan if ho hnd come upon the robbers holding up tho traveler, and schooled himself to hoiiovi. Mmt tho whole affair was exaggerated. We simply could not realize the German attitude of mind. Accustomed ns many of us had been to Interpret the finer ideal llfo of Germnny, we could not believe that men llko Bucken, Harnnck, Herrmann, nnd DIcssmann could freely and without reserve lend themselves to the defense of that which was un worthy of their words ns wo hnd understood them. Against our will wo hnve been disillusioned. We have not gone Into war, wo have had war thrust upon us. A chnln of circumstances over which wo hnve had no control has brought . homo to the Americans, anxious to malntnln their faith In Germany, the conviction thnt America's uovcrolgnty was being outraged, Its people killed, Its Inner pence deliberately attacked, and Its Insti tutions, founded In sacrifice and offered to tho world, not only despised but In danger of destruc tion. Germany has forced America, ns It has forced almost tho entire world, to defend Itself by nrms. Nobody but those suffering from myopic Idealism sympathies can sec anything else. Some of us have suffered when tho scales bavo fallen cut away by facts. At last wo see clearly. We hnve not been drawn Into the wnr by capitalism, or by commercialism, or by national policy. For months wo have been living In a state of war, deliberately planned by a nation whoso leaders for ten years have been preparing some day to fight America nnd who have counted our good nnture as cow ardice, our unpreparedness as a lack of nntlonal self-respect. Hero are tho facts: Wo are fighting this war, In the first place, be cause Germany mado war upon us. For years she has sought to build up in Amor- mmm m t 7 M&&:&izr ftA JILL iMI HMWM5 fj)-i Is lea a community more loynl to herself than to tho United States. Money hns been lnvlshly spent In Gormnnistlc societies, alliances, nnd associations to win tho admiration and loyalty of American citizens. Our universities have been llnttered, our professors hnvo been honored for this rea son. Praise of the kaiser has been Inserted even In the spoiling books of our public school system. Spies have been everywhere. When the war came In 1014 German officials, many of them In high diplomatic positions, treat ed tho United States, a neutral nation, as If It were an enemy. Pro-Gcnnnn publications wero founded and subsidized, strikes were orgnnlzed, manufacturing plants wero blown up, plots against nations with whom wo hnd treaty rela tions were formed within our borders, bombs were placed on ships in our ports. Hatred of America was systematically disseminated through Germany nnd efforts were made to Involvo us in trouble with Japan and Mexico. In reply to our repented protests against these and other nets of Germany, to bo mentioned pres ently, we huvo received promises and explana tions which were little less than Insults. Tho treaty thnt had existed almost the entire life of tho American republic was sot at naught and efforts wero mado to coerce us Into favorable modifications of Its terms. The right of trade wltii belligerents, which Ger many had always claimed, even to the benefit of our enemy In the war with Spnln nnd which nt Germany's own Insistence Is universally recog nized In international law, was treated as tho violation of our neutrality and alliance with her enemies. And, finally, tho proclamation of unre stricted destruction of neutral ships upon tho high seas was a notification to the United States that It was no longer a sovereign people, but that if it would sail tho seas In snfety it must conform to conditions sot by n powor that defied International law, humanity, and elemental mor- ty. In tho second placu we are defending ourselves against Germany because tho German state has entered upon a program which means tho destruc tion of democratic institutions. The Prusslnnizntlon of Germany means that the policy of Prussia to carry on economic nnd po litical expansion by war Is to bo extended throughout the entire world. We recognize thnt there were once, nnd wo dare believe even now that there nre, two Ger innnys, one liberal and the other nn autocracy based on militarism. The struggle between these two forces since 1815 has been a steady subjuga tion of liberalism In Prussia and tho other Ger man states to tho will of a Prussian feudal no bility. Representative and responsible govern ment In any true sense of the word has been, fought by Prussian leaders relentlessly. Educa tion has been made a creuturo of autocracy and n source of international hatred. Tho same fate has met every land Prusslnnlsm hns touched. Austria was beaten Into submission In 1800, and all tho other German states wero made practically subject to the will of the Hohen zollerns between thnt date and 1870. France was robbed nnd humiliated. Tho Bnlkan states wero kept In perennial war in the interests of German expansion. Bohemln nnd Poland hnve been trent ed with tho same disregard of populnr rights as hns been Alsace-Lorraine. Turkey beenmo n vas sal of the kaiser. A great militaristic, nntl flomocintle .state like .southern Germany, sub 8m 1. t in Trunin, has been started nnd nil but built from tllr IlnUlp tn flin IWolnn mit Grent Britain was mnligncd nnd threatened with destruction. South America was In part colon ized by Germans, and the Monroo doctrine was repeatedly threatened. The highest nuthorltles In Jnpan hnve repeat edly said that German Intrigues were endeavor ing to bring nbout misunderstanding, If not war, between Jnpan nnd tho United States. As far back as 1003 representative Germans frankly snld that Germany would hnvo to fight America because It wns Gcrmnny's commercial rival. In Samoa and tho Philippines German In terference twic at lenst brought us to the verge of war. Had It not been for Great Britain, which has alwnys recognized American policy In the Western Hemisphere nnd submitted disputes to arbitration, German nrrognnce nnd nmbltlon would have years ago brought on the crisis. With the commercial expansion of Europenn nntlons, tho United States has no quarrel. If, however, such expansion Is based, guarded, and enforced by the threat of war, tho United States enn see the mnchlnntions of men who are dlslr ous of expansion nt the expense of tho rights of othor nations. Since the outbrenk of the European wnr, the ruthlessness of this German hostility to other nn tlons, nnd particularly to those that have regard for International law and really representative government, Is apparent. We hnvo seen treaties disregarded whenever they stood in the wny of Gernmn militaristic plans. We hnvo seen con quered states treated with a brutality worthy of Assyria. We have seen a policy of terrorism np plled systematically In tho nbuso of prisoners, tho mnssnering and deportntlon of civilian popula tions, the Indescribable abuso of women nnd chil dren, the destruction of noblest works of nrt, tho devastation of abandoned regions, the wholesale execution of Poles, Bohemlnns, and Serbians; the Incitement of Mohnmmednns to n holy wnr, and the permission of nn nttompted extermination of the Chrlstlnn peoplo of Armenia. We have seen hospital ships sunk, unfortified towns bombed nnd bombarded. We hnve seen n modal struck In honor of tho sinking of tho Lusl tanln. Up to the date In which wo flnnlly recog nized thnt Germany wns waging war upon us wo hnd seen 220 Amerlcnn citizens, nmong them ninny women nnd children, killed by Gorman subma rines. Altogether, on the first of April, 1017, wo DRIED EGGS TO U. S. FROM CHINA Imports of eggs products this year havo amount ed to nbout 10,000,000 pounds, vnlued on the nver ago nt about 15 cents a pound. These products nre Imported chiefly from Jnpun and Chtnn nnd Include eggs thnt hnvo been dried, frozen or pow dered. They are used In .this country prlncipnlly by bakers In the mnnufucturo of various kinds of pastry. The consumption of Asiatic egg products in this country has greatly Increased In recent years, and therefore tho conditions under which they nro prepared become of greater interest to tho public. The operation of n model plant nt Shanghnl Is de scribed as follows: "Tho eggs are received nt the door of tho fac tory In baskets containing approximately 1,000 e-gs, and us the factory offers better prices for choice eggs It Is securing the highest class of egg produced within n clrclo of probably a 100-mlle radius. Tho eggs aro brought into tho examining room, where the contents of tho baskets arc gono over nnd nil cracked or otherwise damaged eggs are separated. Tho eggs are then cnndled by Chinese, who pnss .them before tho cnndllng lamps at the rate of 500 an hour. The hnndllng rooms nre kept In n temperature not exceeding 50 degrees Fahrenheit, the range of temperature In the build ing, used both for freezing and for drying eggs, being from zero to upward of 100 degrees Fahren heit in the freezing nnd drying rooms, respectively. "From tho candling rooms tho fresh eggs with unbroken shells nro taken to tho brenklng room, which In point of sanltnry appliances nnd atten tion to details of personal hygiene scarcely Is sur passed by the operating room of a hospltnl. In fact, the general effect of tho room, nsldo from its low temperature, Is that of n well-ordered hos pital, but with ten white-capped and aproned nurses where the ordinary hospital would have but one. The fnctory now employs 100 girls, ench of whom Is expected to break i nIBepnrnte from 1,500 hnd seen no fewer than 003 neutral ships sunk by submnrlno wnrfnre. We saw Germnny prcclpltntlng this world wnr, in which she hns used poison and fire, ns n pnrt of her official policy at a moment when In the opinion of her leaders sfie Judged tho rest of tho world to be unready to defend itself ngnlnst an nttnek for which Germany had been preparing for 40 years. The plain catalogue of facts mnkes It plain why Amerlcn Is fighting to defend Itself nnd democ racy. Wo havo entered the wnr primarily In self defense. To hnve done nnythlng less would havo been to surrender our sovereignty nnd to hnvo waited passively until the Germnn program hnd been so far carried out nnd tho truly modern nn tlons of Europe so wenkened thnt we In our1 unpreparedness would hnve been forced to fight n rnpnclous, conscienceless mllltnry nutocrncy, whoso ends In war are avowedly Indemnities, ag grandizement, nnd the control of tho world. Our alignment lnevltnbly wns with nnd for democracy. , An epoch of clvlllzntion hangs In tho balnnce. Not to hnve cO-operated with n world thnt Is en denvorlng to protect Itself nnd Its futuro from Germnny with Its militaristic autocracy, Its ter rorism, and Its dlsregnrd of international law, that noblest product of civilization, would havo been n bid for suicide. We do not fight for nggrnndlzement, o' Indem nity, or tho forcible imposition of our Institutions upon any country; wo light for self-protection. We do not fight to further British nmbltions or French 'schemes of colonization. We nre fighting . for the Institutions which with vnrylng degrees have spread from Amerlcn all over the world ex cept Germnny, Austrln-Hungnry, Turkey, nnd Bulgaria. bur success will mnke It possible, wo believe, not only for our children and our children's chil dren to enjpy pence, but for Germnn liberalism to master the forces which for nearly a century hnve been Its oppressor. The American Revolution preserved In America nnd In Englnnd the liberty thnt goes with Inde pendence. Our Civil wnr nssured the futuro of democratic Institutions In our united nation. Tho present wnr Is not born of our Independence, bur of our Interdependence nmong those nations who havo dedicated themselves to the tnsk of seeing thnt government of the people, by tho people, nnd for the people shnll not perish from the earth. to 2,000 eggs n dny of 12 hours, pwlng to the fnn tory paying higher wages than other similar plants nnd working only six dnys n week Instead of seven, which is tho rule of the cotton mills nnd silk ma tures of Shanghai, It enn pick nnd chooso In Its lnbor, so-thnt the typo of girl employed In the egg hrenklng room is far above the standard of any other Chinese fnctory, nnd n composite picture of them nil probably would come nenrer tho Chinese Iden of femlnlno benuty thnn nny other 100 girls that can bo found In Shnnghnl. As the workers enter In tho morning they nro dressed In freshly sterilized clothing furnished by tho factory, and after their nnlls are manicured they aro allowed to proceed to the workroom. Tho brenklng room Is solid concrete nnd Is sterilized ench dny as carefully as'the operating room of n hospital. The girls are seated on metal stools nt low zinc tnbles. Before eac'i of them Is n curious appliance which mechanically separates the white of the egg from the yolk. The girl tnkes nn egg from tho can, Into which they hnvo been counted by the candlcrs, and with tho right hnnd cracks It on tho bnr of the separating machine. Tho breaking Is then finished by a dexterous move ment of the fingers, which permits tho egg to drop Into n shnllow cup, where the yolk Is caught nnd tho white nllowed to drain off tho sides. Tho drying room Is described ns embodying nil the latest features In tho sanltnry handling of thN product. The nlr used In the drying process is thoroughly filtered, being forced through tho dry ing apparatus under heavy steam pressure. Tho egg yolks or whites come out of the dryer In flakes, which aro allowed to cool to a temperature sllghtlj above tho freezing point. Then the product goes to the. packing room, whero It is plnced In boxes lined with wnxed pnper, which are stenciled nnd mnde ready for shipment. 4 For the freezing of eggs the separation nnd straining uro curried out Just as for the manufac ture of dry yolks, only nfter the straining the largo cans nro tnken to tho freezing chambers. Here tho temperature Is kept close to zero, Fahrenheit, nnd the separate whites nnd yolks nr& poured Into cans standing on racks that line tho walls of Un freezing chamber. RAVAGES OF PESTS Wireworms Work Underground and Arc Very Difficult to Control. ENEMIESOFCORNAHDCOTTIN Much May Bo uone to Lessen Injury by Careful Tillage, Drainage and Rotation Eggs Usually Laid In Sod Lands. (Prepared by the United States Depart ment of Agriculture.) Although wireworms work entirely underground, nnd nre, therefore, among tho most difficult to control of nil tho Insect foes of corn nnd cotton, much may bo done, to lessen their ravages by careful tillage, drnlnnge, and proper rotation of crops. These pests aro tho young of the common snapplng-bectles or click-beetles. They nro yellowish or brownish, highly polished nnd slippery to tho touch, nnd move nctlvely nnd dlsnppenr rapidly when brought to tho Burfaco by the plow or spade. The eggs nro laid In the ground, usually In tho sod lnnds, nnd there tho young worms nro hatched. Three years nro required for most kinds of wireworms to get their full growth and becoino beetles. Whero sod land Is to bo planted to corn the following yenr, tho lnnd should bo plowed Immediately after tho number of wireworms In tho son. Land nlrcndy In corn, which Is badly infested, should bo cultivated deeply oven at tho risk of slightly root-pruning tho corn. This should bo continued cs long as tho corn can bo cultivated, and If wheat Is to -follow, tho flold should bo tilled thoroughly as soon as tho corn crop Is removed. In regions whero wheat land Is seed ed down for hay, any treatment of In fested fields Is precluded. Whero tJto -I One of the Corn Wireworms a, Adult, b, Larva; c, LaBt Segment of Larva; d, Pupa All Enlarged. tho first cutting of hny, usually early tn July, nnd should bo cultivated deep ly during the rest of tho summer. When It Is practicable, other crops not severely nttneked by the wireworms, such ns field pens or buckwheat, should bo grown on such lnnd beforo corn. This practice will mnterlnlly reduce Wheat Wlreworm a, Adult; b, Larva; c, Side View of Last Segment of Lar va All Enlarged. wheat Is not followed by seeding to other crops, tho fields should bo plowed ns soon ns tho wheat Is harvested. Plowing kills tho worms by destroying their food supply nnd proventlng them from prepnrlng sultnblo quarters for tho winter. Somo kinds of wireworms live only In lnnd thnt is poorly drained and for this reason tilo draining of lnnd It beneficial, especially whero tho gen eral condition of tho field Is further Improved by applications of lime and by thorough cultivation. Methods of Eradication. In tho Northwest nnd northern Mid dle West tho dry-lnnd wlreworm Is sometimes very Injurious. Tho follow ing methods havo been found to bo vnluablo In tho eradication of this pest: (1) Disk or drag-hnrrow tho summer fallow as soon ns posslblo in tho spring, In order to produce n dost mulch nnd thereby conservo tho.nccu mulntcd winter moisture ; (2) continue tho disking ns often ns Is necessary In order to maintain tho mulch and keep down tho weeds j (3) plow the sununcr fnllow In July or early in August nndl Immediately drag; (4) plow tho stub blo as soon as tho crop Is removed. Farmers' Bulletin 725 contains addi tional Information on wireworms nnd Will be mailed frco of charge on appli cation to tho secretary 6f ngriculturo, Washington, D. O. Dry-Land Wlreworm a, Adult; b, Larva; c, Under Surface of Head of Lar va; d, Side of La6t Segment of Larva a, b, Enlarged; c, d, Moro En NECESSARY FOR CLEAN MILK Most of Bacteria Comes From Dirty Cows, Utensils, Etc. Particu larly So In Summer. Most of tho bacteria which gets in to milk come from tho dirty cow nnd from the utensils, such us cans, palls, Btrnlners, coolers, and separators, which havo not been properly cleaned. Tn winter tho cows aro likely to be come dirty from confinement In tho barn, but In summer they nro easily kept clean so thnt they aro then of lit tle relative Importance In contaminat ing milk. On tho other hnnd, a fur greater number of bacteria get Into milk from dirty utensils in summer than from a dirty cow In winter. FERTILIZER FOR GARDEN USE MARES BRED TO BEST SIRES Best Way to Prepare Hen Manure Is to Crush It and Mix With Equal Amount of Earth. The best wny to prepare hen ma nure lor uso In tho garden Is to thor oughlj crush It nnd mix It with an cqunl amount of dry earth, after which It can be applied quite liberally around tho plnnts. About two hnndfuls well worked Into the soil nround each to mato plant will mnko a good, liberal application. If you wish to put It into the hill before setting tho plant, bo sure to mix it thoroughly with tho soil, other wise it will cause injury to the roots. Practice Should Be More Carefully, Considered This Year Than at Any Previous Time. There hns ncTer been n tlmo when the sires to which inures nro to bo bred should be moro carefully con sidered than tho present year. Taw last flvo years havo seen', a gradually Increasing difference between tho prlco of good and of inferior horses. Dur ing the 'last year those horses and mules which wero good enough to dq somo Jftb well hnvo found ready sale, while others havo been a drug on the market, and havo lost money for tho men who produced them. A good use-' ful draft horse, or a useful horse from among tho lighter breeds, or n useful mule, meets a ready demand, but tho culls nnd Inferior horses and mules dq not. GIVE SKIM MILK TO POULTRr Comparatively Safe Feed for All Kinds of Chickens De Careful With Young Fowls. Skim milk for all kinds of chickens is a comparatively safo feed. Thoy can bo given all they will drink, yet it Is not best to let It stand In drink ing vessels whero young chickens hnvo access to It, ns they are Hablo to got into it nnd mako It unsanltnry. It should bo fed to young chlckon with moro euro than to old hens.