Nebraska Newspapers

    DAKOTA COUNTY HERALD: DAKOTA CITY, NEBRASKA.
WILSON'S MESSA
TO THE CQNGRE
Senate and House in Joint Ses
sion Hear Address of .
the President.
HE HAKES FEW SUGGESTIONS
f Further Legislation for Settlement and
1 Regulation of Railway Labor DIs-
putcc Held Imperatively Neces
sary by the chief Magistrate.
Washington, Doc. G. The senate
and house met In Joint session today
and heard President Wilson's message,
which was as follows t
Gentlemen of the Congress:
In fulfilling at this time the duty lnld
upou me by the Constitution of com
municating to you from time to tlmo
Information of tho state of tho Union
and recommending to your considera
tion such legislative measures as may
ho judged necessary and expedient I
shull continue tho practice, which I
hope has been acceptable to you, of
leaving to the reports of tho several
heads of the executive departments tho
elaboration of tho detailed needs of
the public sen Ice and confine myself
to those matters of more general pub
lic policy with which It seems neces
sary und feasible to deal at the pres
ent session of the congress.
I realize the limitations of time un
der which you will necessarily act at
this session and shall make my sug
gestions as few as possible; but there
were some things left undone at the
last session . which there will now be
time to complete and which It seems
necessary in tho Interest of the public
to do at once.
In the first place, It seems to me Im
peratively necessary that tho earliest
possible consideration and nctlou
should be nccorded the remaining
measures of the program of settle
ment and regulation which I had occa
sion to recommend to you at tho close
of your last session In view of the pub
lic dangers disclosed by the unaccom
modated difficulties which then existed,
and which still unhappily continue to
exist, between the railroads of the
country and their locomotive engineers,
conductors, and trainmen.
Railway Troubles First.
I then recommended:
First, Immediate provision for the
enlargement and administrative reor
ganization of tho Interstate commerce
commission along the lines embodied
In tho bill recently passed by the house
of representatives and now nwalting
action by the senate; In order that tho
commission may be enabled to deal
with the many great and vnrious duties
now devolving upon it with a prompt
ness and thoroughness which are, with
Its present constitution nnd means of
action, practically Impossible.
Second, tho establishment of nn
1 eight-hour day as the legal basis alike
of work and of wages In the employ
ment of all railway employees who arc
actually engaged in the wojk of oper
ating trains In Interstate transporta
tion. Third, the authorization of the ap
pointment by the president of n small
body of men to observe tho nctual re
sults In experience of the adoption of
the eight-hour day In railway trans
portation nllko for tho men nnd for
tho railroads.
Fourth, explicit approval by tho con
gress of the consideration by the In
terstate commerce commission of an
Increase of freight rntes to meet such
additional expenditures by the rail
roads as may have been rendered nec
essary by the ndoptlon of the eight
hour day nnd which have not been off
set by administrative readjustments
nd economies, should the facts dis
closed justify tho Increase.
Fifth, an amendment of tho existing
federal stntuto which provides for the
mediation, conciliation, nud arbitration
of such controversies as the present
by adding to It a provision that, In case
the methods of accommodation now
provided for should fail, a full public
Investigation of tho merits of every
such dispute shall be Instituted and
completed before a strike or lockout
may lawfully be attempted.
And, sixth, the lodgment In the
hands of the executive of the power,
In case of military necessity, to take
control of such portions nnd such roll
ing stock of tho railroads of the coun
try us may bo required for military
uxi and to operate them for military
purposes, with authority to draft Into
the military service of the United
States such train crews and adminis
trative ofilcluls as tho circumstances
require for their snfe and efficient use.
Renews His Recommeroationo.
The second and third of these rec
ommendations the congress Immediate
ly acted on: It established tho eight
hour day us tho legal basis of work,
and wages In train service and It au
thorized the appointment of a com
mission to observe and report upon the
practical results, deeming these the
measures most immediately needed;
Unusual Experience.
"Man," remarked Sandy, ""I did a
thing Inst nicht what I've no dune this
twenty year. I went to inn bed palrr
fectly sober, but I'm rlcht thankful to
say I got up this mornln' none the
wnur !"
Few Beggars In Panama.
Although the city of Panama Is n
most cosmopolitan place, practically
every race being represented In Its 60,
000 Inhabitants, there nre no beggars,
except n few blind men.
but it postponed action upon tho other
suggestions until nn opportunity should
bo offered for n more deliberate con
sideration of them. Tho fourth rec
ommendation I do not deem It neces
sary to renew. The power of the In
terstate commerce commission to grant
nn Increase of rates on the ground re
ferred to is Indisputably clear and n
recommendation by the congress with
regnrd to such a matter might seem to
draw In question the scope of the com
mission's authority or its Inclination to
do justlco when there Is no renson to
doubt either.
The other suggestions the Increase
In tho Interstate commerce commis
sion's membership nnd In Its fncllltles
for performing Us manifold duties, the
provision for full public Investigation
nnd assessment of industrial disputes,
nnd tho grant to the executive of tho
power to control nnd operate the rail
ways when necessary in tlmo of war
or other like public necessity I now
very earnestly renew.
The necessity for such legislation Is
manifest and pressing. Those who have
lutrimtcd us with tho responsibility
and duty of serving nnil safeguarding
them In such matters would find It
hard, I believe, to excuse a failure to
act upon there grave matters or any
unnecessary postponement of notion
upon them.
Not only does the Interstate com
merce coinndsston now find it practi
cally Impossible, with Its present mem
bership and organization, to perform
Its grent functions promptly and thor
oughly, but it Is not unlikely that it
may presently bo found advisable to
add to its duties still others equally
heavy and exacting. It must first bo
perfected as an administrative instru
ment. The country cannot and should not
consent to remain any longer exposed
to profound industrial disturbances for
lack of additional means of arbitra
tion and conciliation which tho con
gress can easily and promptly supply.
And nil will agree that there must be
no doubt as to the power of the execu
tive to make immediate and uninter
rupted use of the railroads for the con
centration of the military forces of the
nation wherever they are needed and
whenever they nre needed.
This Is a program of regulation, pre
vention and administrative efficiency
which nrgues its own case In tlfe mere
statement of It. With regard to one
of It Items, tho Increase In the effi
ciency of the interstate commerce com
mission, the houso of representatives
has already acted ; its action needs
only the concurrence of the sennte.
For Control and Operation.
I would hesitate to recommend, and
I dare sny the congress would hesitate
to act upon the suggestion shoiild I
make It, that any man In any occupa
tion should bo obliged by law to con
tinue In nn employment which he de
sired to leave. To pass u law which
forbade or prevented tho individual
workman to leave his work before re
ceiving the npprovnl of society In do
ing so would bo to adopt a new prin
ciple Into our jurisprudence which I
take it for granted we nre not prepared
to Introduce. But the proposul that
the operation of the railways of the
country shall not be stopped or Inter
rupted by the concerted action of or
ganized bodies of men until a public
Investigation shall have been Instituted
which shall make the whole question
nt Issue plain for the judgment of the
opinion of tho nntlon Is not to propose
any such principle. It Is based upon
the very different principle that tho con
certed action of powerful bodies of men
shall not bo permitted to stop the In
dustrial processes of the nntlon, nt any
rate before the nation shnll have had
nn opportunity to acquaint Itself with
tho merits of the case as between em
ployee and employer, tlmo to form Its
opinion upon an Impartial statement
of the merits, nnd opportunity to con
sider nil practicable menus of concilia
tion or arbitration.
I can see nothing in that proposition
but the justifiable safeguarding by so
ciety of the necessnry processes of
Its very life. There is 'nothing arbi
trary or unjust In it unless It be arbi
trarily and unjustly done. It can and
should bo done with a full and scrupu
lous regard for tho Interests and liber
ties of all concerned ns well as for the
permanent Interests of society Itself.
Other Legislation Urged!
Three matters of capital importance
await tho action of the senate which
have already been acted upon by the
house of representatives: tho bill
which seeks to extend greater freedom
of combination to those engaged In pro
moting the foreign commerce of tho
country than Is now thought by some
to be legnl under the terms of tho laws
against monopoly; tho Mil nmeudlng
the present organic law of Porto Rico ;
and the bill proposing a more thor
ough and systematic regulation of tho
expenditure of money In elections, com
monly called tho Corrupt Practices Act.
I need not lnbor my advlco that these
measures be enucted Into law. Their
urgency lies in tho manifest clrcum
stances which render their adoption nt
this time not only opportune but neces
sary. Even delny would seriously
jeopard the Interests of the countrj
and of tho government.
Immediate passage of tho bill to rcg-
Most Fishermen Have Done It.
"Simple pinion went n-flshing in his
mother's pail." "Not so simple, nt
that," declared tho amateur sportsman.
"I've spent time and money getting
to n place where the likelihood of
catching fish was no whit greater."
Nothing New.
"I seo some scientific sharp has dis
covered a substitute for bread." "Ho
needn't think he's so much. Our cook
lias been turning that out for
years."
ulate the expendtturo of money In clec
tlons may seem to bo loss necessnry
than tho Immedlnto enactment of tho
other mensuriH to which I refer; be
couso nt least two years will elapso
before another election In which fed
eral otllces are to be filled ; but It would
grently relievo the public mind If this
important mntter were dealt with
while the circumstances nnd the dun
gcrs to the public morals of tho pres
ent method of obtaining and spending
campaign funds stand clear under re
cent observation and tho methods of
expenditure can bo frankly studied In
tho light of present experience; nnd n
delay would have tho further very se
rious disadvantage of postponing ac
tion until another election was at hand
nnd some special object connected with
it might be thought to be In the mind
of those who urged it. Action can bo
taken now with facts for guidance and
without suspicion ofpartlsnn purpose.
I shall not argue nt-length the desir
ability of giving a freer hahdjn tho
matter of combined und concerted ef
fort to those who shall undertnko tho
essential enterprise of building nip our
export trade. That ontcrprlso will
presently, will Immcdlntely assume,
has Indeed already nssutned, n magni
tude unprecedented in our experience.
We have not tho necessary instrumen
talities for Its prosecution; It Is
deemed to bo doubtful whether they
could bo created upon nn adequate
scale under our present laws. Wo
should clear away nil legal obstacles
and create a basis of undoubted law
for It which will give freedom without
permitting unregulated license. Tho
thing must be done now, because tho
.opportunity Is here and may escape us
if wo hesitate or delay.
Porto Rlco'6 Needs.
The argument for the proposed
nmendments of tho organic law of Por
to Ulco Is brief and conclusive. The
present laws governing the Island und
rcgulntlng the lights and privileges of
Its people are not just. We have cre
ated expectations of extended privi
lege which wo have not satisfied.
There Is uneasiness among tho people
of tho Island and even a suspicious
doubt with regard to our Intentions
concerning them which the adoption of
the pending measure would happily re
move. We do not doubt what we wish
to do In any essentinl particular. Wo
ought to do It at once.
There are other matters iiU-endy ad
vanced to the stage of conference be
tween tho two houses of which It Is
not necessnry that I should speak.
Some practicable basis of agreement
concerning them will no doubt be found
nnd action taken upon them.
Inasmuch as this Is, gentlemen, prob
ably the last occasion 1 shall have to
address the Sixty-fourth congress, I
hope that you will permit me to say
with what genuine pleasure and satis
faction I have co-operated with you In
tho many meifsures of constructive pol
icy with which you have enriched tho
legislative nnnalsof the country. It
has been a privilege to lnbor In such
company. I trtke tho liberty of con
gratulating you upon the completion of
n record of rare servlcoableno,ss and
distinction.
Cut Trees by Exploding Dynamite.
Instead of nn nx und saw to remove
the tops of trees that nre to bo used
as masts In logging operations, dyna
mite Is used to shoot off the tops
After tho branches have been removed,
a rigger climbs the tree, with a set of
Irons, to the point where It Is npces
sary to cut off the top. Here the trunk
Is usually about 12 Inches In diame
ter. The rigger ties a string of dyna
mite cartridges, fastened end to end
like sausages, around tho trunk nt this
point, inserts a blasting cap with about
20 feet of fuse In one of those sticks,
lights tho end of the fuse, nnd de
scends beforo tho explosion takes
place. Tho tree top pumps Into tho
air with tho explosion und tho trunk
is left ready for attaching the rigging
for dragging in nnd loudlng the logs.
Engineering Record.
All He Saw of Battle.
Tho bluejacket hud been in the bat
tle off Jutland, nnd In the railway com
purtment every ono addressed him re
spectfully. Incidentally ho was tho
reclpleht of numerous fine cigars, no
conducted himself with becoming dig
nity, and when tho foreign-looking gen
tlemnn who lind kept silent went out
nt a roadside station tho audlenco set
tled down to' hear the yarn. Nodding
his head toward the durk stranger on
the platform, the bluejacket remarked
with a grin, " '13 thinks 'e 'as lost somc
thlnk Vd like to hear, 'e 'as. "Hut hall
HI saw of the bloody batjlo was coal
nothing but coal. Hl'in n stoker, you
see, that's what HI am." London Mull.
Not to Be Thought Of.
"Now, these fushlonnble dames don't
mind talking freely about the efforts
they make to reduce weight."
"That's true."
"Hut they would feel deeply humili
ated If anybody suspected them of try
ing to rcdiico expenses."
Unsatisfactory Remedy.
Ilelny A doctor tells mo that if a
man works steadily ho never worries.
Omar Pshaw! It's working stead
ily that gets my goat.
, Remain the Same.
Progress Is observublo In most di
rections, but wo havo tho same cheap,
vulgar and disgusting old forms of
profanity that tho English-speaking
peoples always have had. Houston"
Post.
A Certainty.
There Is nothing Certain In the
world, except that when you start in
saving money for ono thing vu aie
going to spend it for something eho.
Fort Worth Stur-Telegrum.
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fPil TLRRVTOR.V DOMINATED PV Prccc
fl" TtRtUTOrVf OOMlNATeDk TtMMJMmPlc5!i
I mJ BV ZAPKTA and DiAt. s
CONGRESSIONAL
J 'U' '"" ' l
Senator Newiands sprang a surprise at the opening session of the joint committee of cqngress appointed tc
consider conditions relating to Interstate nnd foreign commerco when ho declared that tho whole railroad wage
question will bo Investigated by tho committee, as wjll n tho advisability of government ownership lu plnco ol
government control, the rights of shippers nnd n numb1!' of other lines of Inquiry. Representative Adamson
(seated at left) is chairman of the houso committee, while Senator Newiands (seated at the right) Is chairman
of tho senate committee. Tho other members (standing, left to right) aro: Senator Cummins, Representatives
Hamilton and Sims, Senntors Underwood, Robinson and IJtandegeo and Representative Esch.
NEW ROYAL- FAMILY
jj $5?fe, ""5sV Bfet. v 4aBt ai6fa'xK i L fB SSSMKuttwmlvltKM
limiles Fiuncla Joseph, .lie new emperor of Austria-Hungary, with tho
Empress Zltu and their son nud daughter.
Wounds Left UnbandageJ.
In the new o.ono treating of nuunds,
bandages aro dispensed wVtli, nwl tho
looso layer of lint which) forms tho
only covering used Is rcmo7cd fre
quently for subjecting tho lnjued flesh
to u stream of oxidized oxygen. Tho
painful removing and replacing of
bandages Is made unncccssaryv Much
suffering li prevented In this way, and
the healing effects of the ozoim baths
'iro doscrjbodt as quite remarVublo.
The ozone Is generated by means of
in electrical apparatus.
HOW MEXICO IS TORN BY REVOLUTIONS
Tho map shows In n general wny
ow tho vnrious revolutionary forces
ontrol vast areas of Mexico outside
f tho Carrnnza Influence. General
COMMITTEE TAKES UP
OF AUSTRIA-HUNGARY
War as a Wonder-Worker.
War Is a rare wonder-worker. Less
than ten years ago tho proposal to es
tablish a municipal milk supply for
London was simported only by the
more daring progressive candidates.
All tho rest shrank from It In horror
and all over the metropolis moderates
denounced It as rank Socialism. Now
with considerable additions It Is
coolly nnd unanimously put forward
by a commission on which all political
parties aro represented and no (mo
Beetna horrlflyd. London Chronicle.
i
Pershing's column still holds Its posi
tions In northern Chihuahua, and Its
general location, wilh Its headquar
ters nt Colonln Duhlnn, Is shown by
No. 1.
No. 2 shows where Villa bandits
looted Mexican Central train nt La
guna station and executed 29 Carran7ij
guards on October ;. They nre now In
control of a larger part of Chihuahua.
No. .1 shows where Zapata follow
ers aro reported to have massacred 100
women, children nnd Carranza soldiers
In the stnto of Morelos, south of Mex
ico Clly.
No. -1 show where Felix Diaz's
forces captured tho 'city of Tchuante
pec and huve Invested Sullnn Cruz
! and Contzacoalcos, on the Gulf of Mex
ico side of tho Isthmus. , Lcgallstns
also have captured Important towns In
Chiapas nnd Oaxnco,
Tho National Guard and regulars
still tire maintaining tho guard nlong
the border.
RAIL WAGES
WARDS OFF AIRPLANE BOMBS
P
Hero Is tho latest wrinkle In naval
construction, a bomb-proof shelter on
'lighting masts of tho U. S. S. Arizona
Tho steel awnings will protect tho men
lu the fighting top from bombs dropped
from airplanes.
MRS. VANDERBILT IN MARBLE
?ZZ?.
O. S. Pie! jo hits completed a lnarblo
bust of Mrs. Alfred awynno Vnnder
bllt, considered ono of thu most beau
tiful women lu America. Art critic
pronounce tho bust uu tho best mur
blo portrait work IMetro hna tfouai
-jfer.
EZinmQQCarjnxz
I
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