DAKOTA COUNTY HERALD, DAKOTA CITY, NEBRASKA.
CONDENSE! NEWS
OF INTEREST TO ALL.
Scottnbluff Is to havo a now cream
ery Work on tho new Masonic Temple
at Anselmo la progressing rapidly.
Citizens of Ansloy are making an
effort to secure a Carnegie library.
Tho city of Alllanco will hold a
market week October 25 to 30.
Norfolk will hold Its fall festival
September 30, October 1 and 2.
Crop conditions aro reported satis
factory throughout Gago county
Work has begun on Schuyler's
140,000 high school building.
Dr. K. S. Benton Is building a
110,000 residence at Oakland
Tho town of Laurel voted $12,000
for nn electric light plant.
Work on Ansolmo's'new high school
building will commence about Nov. 1.
Work has commenced at Allon on
the erection of a now $3,000 parson
age. Citizens of Gnndy aro laying plans
for a waterworks and electric light
plant.
Tho Central Granaries Co., of Lin
coln, will build a $10,000 elevator at
Uoldredgo.
Joseph Pendhnyn, a Genova aviator,
wan killed whllo making a flight at
Plalnvlew, Texas.
Products from Lincoln county won
more prizes at tho state fair than any
county In that district.
Hunters in Lincoln county report
the prairlo chickens aro fower this
year thnn ever before.
Bert Gibbon of Broken Bow was
severely Injured when his automobllo
turned turtle near Wostorvllle.
Keeping a phonographic record of
voices of the pastors of tho Hastings
churches Is a now innovation in that
city.
A Swedish song festival on tho or
der of the German S,aengerfest, Is to
bo held In Omaha some time next
(June.
Tho enrollment In the Oxford High
school was so largo this year It was
rfound necessary to hire another
teacher.
Omaha was choson as tho next
meeting placo by tho Women's Tern
peranco Union at its convention In
Grand Island.
Nebraska State Fedoratlon of La
bor at Its annual convention In
Omnha, celccted Fremont as tho 1918
meeting place.
By defeating Wlsner In an exciting
ten-Inning ball game recently, Ponder
claims the championship of north
eastern Nebraska. ,
Sixty cars arc counted upon for tho
nuto floral parado during Ak-Sar-Bcn
week In Omaha. Tho pnrado will tako
placo October 5.
Tho Cedar County Stato bank, the
nowly organized bank In Hartlngton,
has opened for business. It is capi
talized nt $35,000.
Tho Fremont city council has plac
ed an order for a tractor englno to
ho used to supplant horses In grad
ing Fremont strcots.
By order of tho city commissioners
Omaha street cars will stop on tlio
far Bide of tho streots. Tho nearsldo
stop proved unpopular.
The "horse diseaso" that caused so
much trouble In Nebraska three years
ago Is said to havo broken out on n
horse ranch near Mullen.
Henry Damkroger, a resident of tho
Dewitt vicinity, recently purchased
the 240-acre farm of Albert Eckel, for
which he paid $30,400,
Tho Minneapolis & Omaha depot
and two freight cars standing on an
adjoining track, togothor with tho en
tire contents, wore destroyed by flro
at Bancroft.
Gcorgo Cumrlno, a well known far
mer, near Grand Island, ran into and
"killed John Peters, tho 22-monthsld
son of Mr, nnd Mrs. Rudolph Peters,
In tho outskirts of that city recently.
Tho Hastings Gas company, now
seeking a now franchise, claims to be
earning but 3 per cent on Its Invest
ment, nnd has Invited tho public to
call and inspect Its books.
Tabernncle meatlngs will bo hold
In Seward commencing early in No
vember. Evangollst Hamilton will
conduct them nnd all churches of tho
city will Join In supporting tho meet
ings. Story O. Kretslngor, son of Judgo
and Mrs. E. O, Krolslngor of Bcatrlco,
will help lay out, grounds In South
Chicago for tho erection of on olova
tor to cost $3,500,000,' and will havo
n capacity of 10,000,000 bushels of
.grain,
Joe Slochor, champion wrestler,
will bo presented with a diamond
ntudded bolt by his admirers In
Dodge October 11. Governor More
head la oxpocted to mako the presen
tation. Citizens of Dodge plan to
mako tho event a homo coming day.
Reports from tho registrar's offlco
of tho Doono collego at Creto placo
tho enrollment of freshmon In tho arts
and science department nlono at fifty-
five TblB brings tho enrollment of
the fresbmnn class in advauco of any
previous enrollment In tho history of
tho schopl.
St Paul cinched tho 1915 champion,
ship of tho Sherman-Howard lcaguo
by blanking St. Llbory, 11 to 0. This
makes Tour successive seasons this
leaguu has run.
5,000 peoplo were caught in a ten
rifle rain storm whllo attending tho
Platto county fair at Columbus. Many
were unablo to find shelter and wero
drenched to tho skin.
h, P. Scoflold, formerly editor of
the Nellgh Register, has started a new
paper In that town, known as tho Ne
llgh Semi-Weekly News. This makes
threo papers In tho town.
Tho construction of tho now Carne
gie library In Hartlngton is rapidly
nearlng completion and tho building
will soon bo oponed to tno public
At a meeting of tho Jacksonlan club
In Omaha, attended by a full member
ship, plans wero takon up for tho
bringing of the democratic national
convention to Omaha inx19IC.
Flro destroyed tho Sltz flouring
mill at Sccttsbluff, entailing a loss
of about $20,000. Tho loss will ho
n. sovore blow tp the community, an It
will be necessary to ,flilp tlio. largo
wheat crop to 'other points.
FISHES
oftfve
DEEP SEA
6 L HUS5AKOF
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AMERICAN MU5EUM JOURNAL
x
V TO tho tlmo of tho "Challenger"
expedition, very llttlo was known re
garding tho fish life of tho abyssal
depths of tho sea. Only about 30
spocle3 wero known. But tho won
derful collections brought back by tho
"Challenger" from her four-year
crulso (1873-187G) mado known tho
vast diversity, tho strangeness and
oven wolrdnoss of this fish fauna.
Several hundred kinds of deep-sea fishes had
been collected somo of them dredged from a
dopth of moro than a mile and It required a
huge quarto to descrlbo and plcturo thorn. From
this volumo dotes our real knowlodgo of tho
fishes of tho abyssal doop. Tho "Challenger"
expedition was, lndod, a "Columbus voyage" In
Ichthyology; It oponed a now chapter In tho his
tory of tho sclonco.
Since that tlmo many deep-sea oxplorlng ex
peditions havo been sent out by tho various na
tions, nnd hosts of othor fishes havo boon
brought up from tho oceans In all parts of tho
world. Moro than a thousand species aro now
known, and wo can npproclato at Its full valuo
tho richness and strangeness of this fauna.
Moreovor, not only do wo know tho fishes them
selves, but, nB a result of tho scientific Investi
gations carried on by tho various expeditions,
wo now know a good deal of tho physical con
ditions undor which they llvo, so that wo can, In
a moasuro at least, explain tho why nnd where
foro of their extraordinary characteristics.
Whon wo think of Hto In tho doop-sca, there
comes to mind, first of all, tho ortormous pres
sure which theso crcaturcB must withstand.
This pressure becomes tho greater tho dospor wo
go down, and In tho profoundost depths It equals
thousandfl of pounds to tho square Inch. Tho
result of this pressure is that tho tissues of theso
fishes aro tender and loosely knitted togothor.
Whon they aro brought up out of tho dark
dopths, and tho groat pressure undor which they
llvo Is removed, tho explosion of tho gases with
in them bulges out tho eyes, and often blows out
tho viscora through tho mouth, whllo tno mus
cleB collapse, leaving thorn soft and flabby like
moist rags, Most deop-soa fishes aro vory small
nlso, usually only a fow Inches In length, and it
Is probable that this reduction in slzo has come
about, to somo extent at least, from tho great
prossuro undor which thoy llvo.
Another Important condition is tho dimness of
light, or oven darknoss In tho profound depths
of tho sea. It wo iraaglno oursolvos descend
ing into tho doop ocean, wo see tho light grow
dimmer nnd dimmer as wo go down, until finally
a I070I is reached boyond which no light pene
trates at all. Tho entire vast dopth below It, Is
in otcrnal darkness. Now tho flshos living in
this dim light, or In total darkness, havo boon
profoundly modified by it. In somo forms tho
eyes havo become vory small, and In somo ensca
havo entirely disappeared. Thoro are oven fishes
In which tho skin nnd scales of tho body havo
grown ovor tho placo whoro tho oyos should
bo, so that theso fishes aro, as has boon aptly
snld, "blind boyond rodomptlon." Othor forms,
on tho othor hand, havo been nffoctcd In an
entirely dlfforont way. Tho eyes, Instead of
growing smaller, havo grown largor, as If In nn
attempt to catch overy Hooting ray of light. In
some fishes thla has been carried so far that tho
oyos havo become llko enormous goggles.
Most doop-sca fishes havo luminous organs of
ono kind or another, so that thoy carry their
own light about with thorn. In somo tho entire
body glimmers, tho coating of slime which
oxudes from tho pores and lateral cnnals, omit
ting a. soft silvery glow. In others rows of ml
auto, luminous organs run along tho sides of tho
bodv. or thoro are flashing light-spots on tho
howl or faco. What a wondorful sight would bo
to us a small blacX fish flitting through tho si
lenco and darknoan of tho deep with Its head
lights and row of pores gloaming through tho
darknoss llko' somo small ship pas3l.no: through
tho 'night with Its portholos all aglowi Somo
deep-sea fishes havo a luminous organ at tho
ond of a fooler on tho head.
A pertlnont question may bo asked: How do
wo know theso fishes glow nnd glimmer, slnco
no human cyo has ovor behold them In tholr
abyssal homo? Wo know this partly from anal
ogy and partly from actual observation. When
ono Is In a boat in tho tropics, on ono of those
Bultry nights when everything Is a dead calm,
and tho black clouds hong so low that sky and
sea form ono continuous blackness, then ono
may sco tho glimmorlng flshos darting out of tho
path of tho boat, tholr forms, Bllvory nnd ghost
llko, outlined for ono moment against tho black
ness of tho sea. This effect Is chiefly duo to
tho oxidizing of tho slimy socrotlon covering
tholr bodies. Why shall wo not bollovo, then,
that In deep-Bca fishes a similar phenomenon
takos place, particularly as In many of thorn
wi $9 r MASS&nSw'1 "$ W$w will
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Nick Kirsch, Prop.
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throughout. The very best of
accommodations offered to the
traveling public and Commer
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or week. You are Welcome.
NEBRASKA
tho sllmo pores and canals are greatly dovclopcd
and must exudo largo quantities of sllmo? Thon
too, on doop-sca oxpcdlttons, on favorablo occa
sions, ns for lnstanco, a dark calm night, fishes
that havo been brought to the surface and placed
In water wore soon to flash light from tho ends
of tho tentacles or tho phosphorescent poros,
proclsoly as wo should havo expected from a
study of theso organs. Major Alcock, in his
Interesting volumo, "A Naturalist In Indian
Seas," mentions a specimen brought up from a
profound depth which "glimmered llko a ghost
ns It lay dead at tho bottom of tho pall of tur
bid soawater." So that by lnforonco, as well as
by actual observation, wo must bollovo that what
we call luminous organB In deep-sea fishes, emit
light into tho daikneso about them. In tho caso
of fishes totally blind, tho absonco of light is
compensated for by tho development of enor
mous nntennaollko foolers, modified from fin
rays, so that theso Ashes can feel their way,
as It were, through tho darkness.
The absonco of light, howovor, entails another
Important consequence. As Is woll known, no
plant Hfo can exist In darkness. Thoro is there
fore no vegetation of any kind In tho profound
dopths of tho sen. Tho deep-sea fishes aro, in
consoquence, all carnivorous, tho moro poworful
ones seizing and devouring tho weaker ones. It
Is a cold black world whoro might reigns su
premo. Many havo enormous mouths, nnd for
midable tooth to lnsuro holding tho proy. In
somo forms tho tocth are so largo that tho mouth
cannot bo shut!
Tho tomporaturo of tho water In tho profound
dopths of tho soa, la always low and near tho
froozlng point. This la truo everywhere, oven
at tho oquator. Undoubtedly this has an oftect
upon tho fishes, although It Is not yet known
what It is. Tho amount of oxygon dissolved In
tho wator also, Is much loss than in water nearer
tho surface Tho breathing apparatus of tho
doop-sea fishes is modified to suit their peculiar
conditions. Tho gill filaments have become much
roducod In slzo, and in a numbor of instances
somo of tho gill arches bear no gill filaments at
all. Tho flshCB aro apparently adapted to a
much smallor oxygen supply than thoso .living
in vlvors or In tho Bhallow sen.
When wo think of tho vnst diversity among
thoso fishes, tho question arises: Aro thoy all
representatives of a alnglo family or group that
has bocomo specially adaptod to Hfo in tho doop
sea; or do thoy belong to dlfforont families or
groups? Ono nood hardly bo an Ichthyologist
to answer this question. Evon a cursory exam
ination of tho plates in a work on deep-sea
fishes will show that different types are repre
sented. In fact, a groat many families aro in
cluded In tho deep-sea fauna. Thoro aro sharks
and rays; salmonolds, herrings, perches, eels,
and roprcsontntlvos of many other families. Wo
can explain this heterogeneity among thorn in
this way. Wo may Imaglno that llshcs of many
different kinds In tholr search, so to speak, for
tho unoccupied cornors of tho soa, found a haven
In theso deopor wators whoro thoy wore froo
from pursuit by "Iholr onomlos. In tho courso of
tlmo thoy migrated farther and farther Into tho
doop, a chango In habits tailing placo pari passu
with tho changes In structure Having started
out with dlfforont organizations, and posseting
dlfforont degrees of variability, thoy bccani6 dif
ferentiated in diverse directions, so that whllo
somo dovcloped enormous mouths, poworful
teeth, or phosphorescent organs, others bocamo
bottom-living nnd partly or completely lost their
oyos. Still others developed long feeloro for
groping tholr way through tho darkness. Now
nnd again, howor, fishes of noparato groups
dovelopod similar structures, so that there aro
many striking cases among deep-sea fishes of
what tho biologist calls "convergence," or paral
lelism. Tho museum has rccontly prepared for exhi
bition a number of typical doop-sea fishes ar
ranged In the form of a group. Tho preparation
of this oxhlblt Involved many technical difficul
ties, such as tho modollng of tho fishes in trans
parent or translucent media, to reprosont them
as glimmering or shining with Ut-up "portholos."
Considerable Mporlinautlng was necessary to
wzcffl&iM &mox(y$
accomplish this group, but all tho
difficulties wore overcome, thanks
to tho ingenuity and perseverance
of Mr. F. P. Horter of tho museum's
taxldormlst staff. Tho group, aB it
ta now Installed, represents ten
types of deop-sea fishes. It is not,
of courso, a group in tho senfio of
tho habitat groups displayed In tho
museum; it is not a section, so to
speak, taken from nature and trans
planted to tho museum, in nmuio
so many deop-sea fishes aro not to
bo found In so small a space. What tho group
represents Is a number of fishes which aro In
nature scattered over a vast area and through a
great height of water, hero brought together for
museum purposes into a fow square feet of space.
Each fish Is roproduccd accurately with its phos
phorescont pores nnd tentacles as theso aro
known to exist. With ono or two exceptions
thoy nro enlarged sovcral times, as tho fishes
themselves aro very small. And since It is known
that tho phosphorescent organs do not glow
with n steady light, tho illumination of tho group
has been arranged so as to havo theso luminous
organs Hash intermittently. Furthermore, the
installation is arranged so that ono may view
tho fishes for a fow seconds in full light, as If
in a synoptic exhibit, and then see them, when
tho light goes out, ob thoy aro supposed to appear
In tho darkness of tho profound dopths, lit up
only by tholr own phosphorescent organs.
Near tho top of tho group is soen a fish which
lives on tho border lino botween the region of
dimness and total darkness. Many of tho fishes
living in this region aro not of a uniform somber
huo, but aro brilliantly colored. Neoscopelus la
ono of these. Tho body Is "ono dazzling Bhoen
of purplo and silver and burnished gold, amid
which Is a sparkling constellation of luminous
organs" (Alcock).
Tho glowing fish in tho center is Barathronus
diaphanus, a small fish known from a single
spoclmen, which was dredged In tho Indian
ocean at a dopth of n llttlo ovor four-fifths of a
mile. Tho model of It 1b ono and one-halt times
tho natural slzo. Tho phosphorescent fish with
tho curious long tall (at 'tho right) Is Glgantura
chuni. It, also, is known by only a singlo speci
men. This was brought up from a dopth of four
fifths of a mile In tho Oulf of Guinea, on tho
west coast of Africa. Tho model is twico tho
natural size.
Tho two dark fishes with enormous gaping
mouths (near tho top, at tho right) are Gastros
tomus bairdi. This spocles Is commoner than
somo of tho othors, a number of specimens boing
in soveral museums. Tho models of if in tho
group aro copied llfo-slzo from a specimon In tho
museum. Tho species occurs in tho Atlantic
ocean, near tho American coast, in tho path of
ocean liners. Spocimens havo been dredged from
a depth of nearly threo miles.
Near tho bottom of tho group at tho loft-hand
sldo, Is scon an eelliko fish with a lino of lit-up
poros. This is an enlarged model of Styloph
thalmus paradoxus, a small silvery fish widely
distributed In all tho oceans, whoso young also
aro known. The generic namo it bears was given
it in allusion to tho fact that tho eyes are
porched on long Blender tentacles. The species
ranges from a dopth of a llttlo loss than a mile
to two and ono-half miles. Another form with
tcntadcB Is GIgantactiB vanhooffeni, a spcclos
typical of many deop-sea flshos which havo a
tentacle, terminating in a luminous organ, at
tached to tho head. This tentaclo serves as a
lure for attracting prey. Tho presont species
Is known by only two spocimens which woro
found In tho Indian ocean at a mile and a mllo
and a half from tho surface. Tho creature Is a
vory small fish, tho model being enlarged six
tlmos.
Fields & Slaughter Co.
DEALERS IN
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Fred J. Parker, Manager
Phone No. 4 Dakota City, Nebr.
Westcott's Undertaking;
Parlors
Auto Ambulance
Old Phone, 426
New Phone 2067
Sioux City, lows.
IBBHMinBnBMBBaBaBBBHagBaBBIHHaanBBIMBaMBaBMHBflRSinnBaaiBHiHB
I Ab
I
siracts of Title
A $10,000 Surety Bond Guarantees the accuracy
of every Abstract I make.
J. J. EIMEilS, Bonded Abstractor.
Successor to the DAKOTA COUNTY ABSTRACT CO.
AK-SAR-BEN FESTIVITIES
OMAHA
SEPTEMBER 29th to OCTOBER 9th
Bigger and Better Than Ever, for Ak-Sar-Ben Moves Forever Forward
AUTO FLORAL PARADE, OCT. 5. Every past King and Queen of
Ak-Sar-Ben will take part in this parade.
ELECTRICAL PARADE, OCT. 8.
BOSTON SYMPHONY ORCHESTRA, OCT. 7. ThlB great musical
organization will appear at the Auditorium.
CORONATION BALL, OCT. 8. Tbo West's greatest social ovenL
WORTHAM'S COMBINED SHOWS
On the Carnival Grounds every aftornoon and evening. Admittedly
the largest, best and cleanest Carnival Attractions In tho world.
NEBRASKA'S GREATEST EVENT
Ak-Sar-Ben has spread the fame of Omaha nrqund the world.
Samson decrees that YOU enoy tho festivities of 1915.
Si
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HIS STATU ft.
"As a motorist, Is Jinks In tno running?"
, "Is ho? Ho ran up a bill for repairs, ran down
a woman In tho street, ran away from a running
comment of tho crowd and was run in by a policeman."
NATURALLY.
"Tho now Idea of fresh-air games Is working
woll In tho insano asylum, Isn't it?"
"Yes, lndeod. Tho inmates are Just crazy
about it."
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The SAFE boys' magazine
tciitMoibriiBiMdUHiiyjjl a year
All boy for all lion, not a child' ppr Clean
a whittle, lall at picture. i to bi pates eery
month. Manlr, Iniplrloa ttorlwef Intel, odfen.
turn, athletic, hlitotr, chool lite, written by
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PortB. DepartmenU of Mechanic. Elactrloitr,
rotoirraphr. Popular Solenoe.llow to ifake
Things, bump Collecting. Cfclolena, Pete, Gar
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The American Boy, $1.00
The HERALD, - $1.00 K
Both, for - $1.65
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JUST IT.
"That motorist was developing railroad speed
whon tho cop got him."
"I soo. A caso of arrosted dovolopmenL"
SMILE ALWAYS HAS A VALUE
May Bo a Lesson In This for Those
Who Think Life Is Hard
for Them.
Apparently it had boon n bad day
for tho big, pompouB business man,
nnd ho must havo dealt in whout Just
before tho two million bushels con
tract with tho ollloa was cancolod,
for ho Blaramod his office door shut
with n bang and mumblod something
nrofuno concerning tho breaks in tho
market as ho shambled out Into tho
stroot.
Ho might havo kuown that ono of
us would havo to turn out, but ho
expected mo to do it, and I waBn't in
a pleasant frame of mind myself, what
with n trying hendacho all afternoon
nnd a fuss with tho boBS, So I didn't
propose to got out of somobody's way
when 1 was on tho right sldo nnd ho
was wrong. l
Woll, wo couldn't walk through oach
othor, bo wo Just naturally cutnu to
gethcr, while tho big bualuona tunn
proceoded to cubs mo as ho had Just
Unlshod cussing tho market, and I
tried to mako him understand that ho
couldn't walk ovor mo, regardless of
raarkots.
Thon llonny enrao hobbling along;
llonny Paul, who was whlatllns to
boat tho band I His small, frail body
was bent on crutohos and ho was lug
ging a big buiullo of papors that
seemed almost too much for him, but
ho was whistling, Juit tlio samo. Not
a worry nor n care, making tho best
ht today and hoping for the beet from
an uncertain tomorrow. Ho stopped
and Bmllod. "Pnpor, mlstor?" ho
called cheerily.
I oxchongod n sheepish glanco with
the big business man, and ho dug
down in his trousers pocket and said:
"I'll tako who wholo bundle" Then
ho paid Donny for thorn aud gavo
thorn back, and I bought theni and
did tho samo thing, and' wo all whis
tled! St. Paul Pioneer Press.
In tho Indian army all orders aro
glvon In hliiKllsh.
True Economy . . .
mean the wise .-pending of one's money making every dollar do foil doty
and getting in return an article that will utiify you in every way.
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In short you will find the "White reliable anA
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Be sure to see the White dealer who will be gl jd to show you how good a
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