Nebraska Newspapers

    DAKOTA COUNTY HERALD: DAKOTA CITY. NEBRASKA.
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TWO POPULAR NOBLEWOMEN IN PARIS
Vr" jjClfW'k lk aW.
The two most popular women of tho aristocracy In Paris are the Baronne
do Pollakoff (left), wife of tho czar's ltd visor In French affairs, and tho
Countess do Montobollo (right). Both aro lavish entertainers of members
of the "smart sots" of Amorlca and Great Britain and aro noted for their
charm and beauty.
DISCOVERY THAT GRAVITATION IS
CAUSED BY ELECTRICITY, ANNOUNCED
Prof. T. J. J. See, Government Astronomer at Mare Island, Upsets
Newton's Law, He Claims, and Shows Gravitation Is Trans
mitted With the Velocity of Light, 186,000 Miles Per
SecondHas Worked on Problem for Thirty Years.
San Francisco. Prof. T. J. J. Seo,
government astronomer at Maro
island, announced bis discovery that
gravitation Is caused by electricity.
He has upset Nowton's law, ho said,
and shows that gravitation is trans
mitted with tho velocity of light, 186.
000 miles per second.
For 30 years Professor Sob has
worked on tho problems of light and
gravitation. Able, impartial and ex
perienced men of science, he said, as
Euro him that tho way is now opened
for'moro important developments than
any which have occurred in tho phys
ical Bdonces for two conturles. If he
lives tho work will occupy his atten
tion for at least ten years to como.
So opoch-mnklrig doos ho consider
his discoveries that he sent long cable
grams on the subject to Lord Raleigh,
head of tho Royal society of London,
on April 7 and April 14. Ho also tojo
graphed his discoveries to the navy
department In Washington for trans
mission to ProsIdent'WilBon.
Tho discoveries are mado ' public
coincident with tho discussion of tho
jiaturo of gravitation beforo tho Ameri
can Philosophical eocloty at tho an
nual general meeting In Philadelphia.
The law of universal gravitation was
.established by Sir Isaac Nowton In
1C80, and has been tho basis of our
knowledge of tho henvonly motions for
ovor two centurios. Nowton himself
repeatedly declared during his life
time that while ho had formulated the
law of attraction and explained Its ap
plication to the sun and planets, tho
earth and tho moon, ho did not know
the cause of gravitation. "Hitherto I
have not boon able 'to discover tho
cause of gravitation from phenomena,
and I framo no bypotheaco," said New
ton; and ho added, "but for us It Is
enough that gravitation doos really
exist, and acts according to the laws
we have explained, and abundantly
serves to account for tho motions of
tho heavenly bodies and of our sea,"
Professor Bog's announcement la
that Nowton's law of attraction is not
strictly correct, except for bodies re
volving in circular orbits, and thus
experiencing no rolatlyo change of dis
tance; but that tho true law of nature
is what la known aB Webor's olectro
dynamlo law, which will apply to
bodies revolving In orbits of any shape.
Gravitation comes to the earth from
tho sun in about eight minutes.
Hitherto astronomer have not un
derstood tho nature of gravitation and
nothing has been known about its ve
locity of propagation. Laplaco tried
to investigate the velocity of trans
mission over a century ago, and
reached tho conclusion that velocity
was at least fifty million times greator
than that of light. On account of tho
high authority of Laplaco in as
tronomy, it was a long timo before
anyone attempted to further investi
gate tho nature and velocity of gravi
tation. But for porno years it has
been known that method of calculation
employed by Laplaco was faulty; and
a good many would bavo bollovod the
velocity of gravitation similar to that
of light, If they could have discov
ered any mechanical baBla for such a
theory.
Recently Professor See was able to
show that all electric currenta carry
Bolld matter with tho electricity; In
fact electricity cannot bo separated
from matter, and an electric current
as it runs along a wire curls oround
It In corkscrew fashion, and In this
helical motion throws off at every step
millions of particles of eolld matter
moving with tho velocity of light.
These solid particles are charged with
, eloctrjclty, and go right through tho
PLAY HOAX ON THE KAISER?
Constant "Discoveries" Revive the
Story of Planted Relics to
Fool the Emperor.
Berlin.' Considerable amusement
has been caused here by the dally
bulletins of tho archaeological activ
ities of the kaiser at Corfu.
Every time nn ancient relic la din
covered by the excavators, working
under the emperor's cyo, extinctive
Kccounts aro circulated In tho German
Jr
Insulation of tho wlro, tho clothing and
bodies of men and animals, as In case
of tho emission of tho X-ray npparatus.
Tho particles of metal carried away,
as tho current revolves round tho wire,
have mass, and when expelled and
driven away into spaco with tho ve
locity of light there is an equal re
action of '"kick back," and often tlmoe
tho "kick back" is so strong as to
twist up tho wlro. Eloctrlclans do not
seem to havo understood elthor the
twisting of a wire by an escaping cur
rent, or why it Is so destructive to
life, and so powerful mechanically.
After a careful examination of tho
problem Professor See claims that it
Is all pocmno of tho small amount of
solid matter carried in tho current,
with tho enormous velocity of light
tho energy being as tho Bqunro of tho
velocity, and thus enormous oven for
vory small masses.
In dealing comprehensively with the
wave theory of light, Profossor See
discovered that light is not really due
to waves In tho so-called Aothor, but ta
really caused by electrically charged
particles shaped llko eggs, revolving
about tho shorter axis, and giving by
tholr revolution nn impression of wave
motion which docolved many eminent
philosophers of ho past contury. Thus
by penetrating into tho nature of light
Professor Seo was able to restoro Now
ton's theory largely, at tho sumo time
rotalnlng tho advantugea of tho Aether
wave theory, without Its manifest and
admitted disadvantages, and fantastic
and violent assumptions. By this dat
ing and skilful Innovation ho puts tho
wbolo theory of light on a now baBls,
and In lino with modern knowledge of
electricity.
Tho particles of light aro similar to
tho particles carrlod awey In olectrlc
currents, but much smaller In lzo;
and tho whole theory of Aothor Is
abandoned ae having no real existence.
This elimination of the lumlnlferous
Aether represents a mlleatono In mod
ern progress, and Is Btiro to awaken
lively discussions in tho aclentlflo cir
cles of Europo and America, In April,
1911, qulto a discussion was carried
on at tho annual mooting of the Ameri
can Philosophical noclety in Phlladol
phla, and It was then agreed, by nu
merous physicists in attendance, that
tho doctrine of the Aether waa essen
tially wrong, but no ono was ablo to
substltuto a better explanation.
Qomlng to a popular exposition of
the cauBo of gravitation, Profosaor
Seo said It was rpally only an appar
ent attraction between bodlos, duo to
ropulslon from them In all -directions
of minute particles moving nt tho
Bpeed of 180,000 miles a second, and
thus driving them togothor. Owing to
mo fact that each bodv nets na n
screen to tho other, more of those rap
idly moving particles come from with
out than from tho direction of tho
other body, and thus tho bodies aro
forced together, and tho planets re
tained In tholr orblta round tho sun.
It had been recoenlzed bv nhlloso.
phers, ho said, that if such rapidly
moving partlcleB could bo shown to
exist, they would explain gravitation;
but It waB only when he got rid of
the hypothetical Aether, and proved
that light Is duo to electrically chargod
corpuscles of solid matter In lino with
othosr modern electrical discoveries,
that a truo mechanical baels for gravi
tation had been discovered and this
forco shown to be transmitted with
tho velocity of light.
Tho ropulslon of minute particles
from tho earth and sun forco them to
gether, by reaction, Just as would hap
pen If two parallel moving battleships
each had six guns dlrocted outwardly,
press by tho faithful official telegraph
agency.
Roland von Berlin, the society
weokly, repeats a Btory, first pub
lished a year or two ago, that the
relics aro carefully planted at Corfu
that they may bo discovered by tho
kalsor.
Roland nuotea a romark. said to
hao hoen made at tho Potsdam Mili
tary fuslno by Crown Prince George
of Qreece. In a convivial moment lust
jeur
"Pooplo aro busy at Corfu the whole
but only ono towards each other; the
four extra guns on each ship throwing
sheila away from tho other are not
counterbalanced by any projectilei
thrown In tho direction of tho other
ship, and thus the two vessels, undor
tho action of incessant firing, will
gradually approach. The reaction
drives the ships towards each other,
and a similar reaction Is Incessantly
at work among tho heavenly bodies
when an inflnlto number of particles
of fine dust Is expelled from them
with tho velocity of light and totally
iuiporceptlblo to our souses. Thus
gravitation Is duo to tho action of re
pulelvo forces In nature, and Is really
not an attraction aftor all.
A similar explanation to that made
for gravitation Is given of magnets,
and tho magnetism of the earth, which
has puzzled philosophers for ovor
threo centuries, since Gilbert pub
lished his first) work on magnetB In
tho year 1600. The magnets aro re
ceiving and transmitting outwardly
streamB of mlnuto corpuscles moving
with tho velocity of light, and tho re
action thus arising gives riso to ap
parent attraction, tho Intensity being
greatly augmented ovor that of gravi
tation because the molecular groups
aro so arranged as to direct tho repul
sion of tho particles uniformly along
cortaln lines, wherena In gravitation
thero Is a haphazard arrangement of
tho molecular groups, and tho reac
tions largely destroy each other, leav
ing only a feeble rcslduo of attraction
equal In nil directions.
,In tho caso of tho earth, undor tho
incessant orbital revolution of tho sun,
electrifying our globo for hundreds of
millions of years, tho streams of elec
trically chargod particles containing
Iron and other substances running
through it with almost the velocity of
light, has converted our planot into a
groat magnot, thus confirming tho old
idea of Gilbert In confirmation of
this vlow, Professor Seo points out
that tho magnetic poles of tho earth
aro essentially perpondlcular to the
ecliptic In which tho sun revolves,
showing a fundamental dependence.
An lntlmato connection between tho
oarth'8 magnotlc storms and tho sun
spot disturbances has been known for
three-quarters of a century; but tho
significance of tho observations of
John Allen Droun about 1845 that
thero is a magnotlc tido In tho earth
depending on tho moon and varying
according to exactly tho samo law as
tho tides of tho sea, has not been pre
viously appreciated. This magnotlo
tide le direct observational proof that
Weber's olectro-dynamlc law governs
tho universe, instead of the Nowtonlan
law.
In conclusion Professor See pointed
out that tho electro-dynamic law of
Weber accounts for all the known at
tractive phenomena of tho heavens
fold tho earth, and bo thereforo cabled
Lord Raleigh that It Is the fundamen
tal law of nature, oporatlng uniformly
throughout tho sidereal universe
Previous Investigators could not seo
any mechanical baslB for Webor's law;
and even Weber himself (1804-1891) a
contemporary and friend of Gaueo at
Gottlngen, did not understand the
basis of his law.
COMMUTES ACROSS THE SEA
Son of Vlscomtesso Sombreull Lovei
Paris, Daughter America, Forcing
Mother to Travel to See Them.
Now York. Vlscomtesso De Vllle
lumo Sombreull, who arrived herd
aboard the stoamshlp Oceanic, has
two children, a son nnd a daughter
Tho son loves Paris more than any i
other city on tho map, and Eglo, the
daughtor, thinks thero Is no 'such
plnco as America. Tho "son will not
Vlscomtesso De Vlllelume Sombreull.
leave Paris, and tho daughter wlllnof
leave America; so, tho mother is com
pollod to commuto across the ocean
In order that she may bo with, ono or
tho other of hor children for a cer
tain period. Tho mother waa Joyous
ly greotcd by tho daughter when tho
former urrlvod at tho pier.
Northwestern Co-Ed Under Restraint.
Chicago,-Northwestern co-eds havo
boon forbidden to give chafing dish
parties nnd make fudge for lingering'
young swnlnfl in tho dormitories at
midnight .
Deer Wrecks a Kitchen,
Cold Bprlnge, N. Y. Frightened by
doga, a deor bounded Into Albert
Spangler'a kitchen, wrecked tho place
and eBcapcd.
wlntor putting old trash Into the
propor plnco."
Boys Deat Girls at Biscuit Making.
Nowport, R. I. Two boys out of a
class of eight, won a biscuit making
contest against a class of 16 girls at
Rogora high school.
Cruelty Charged to Husband,
Atlantic City, N. J Mrs. Thomas
Damod charged that her husband tied
her to a chair unil mado their daugh
ter hurl knives at her.
&WtUllIliTOT18r
Making Tomorrow's
World
By WJILTEJl WILLIAMS, LL.D.
iDtan of the School of Jeamalttm oflht Untttnlly aMlstoarf) '
SOCIALISM
Melbourne, Aus
tralia. On tho
first pages of tho
morning newspa
pers In Mel
bourne which
newspapers fol
low the conserva
tive British cus
tom of excluding
nows from first
pages may bo
Been an adver
tisement with
this opening sen
tence: "Wo will re
liovo you of tho
worries of man
aging your own
affalrB."
It Is not, as
might bo expect
od, an advertisement of the policy and
practise of an Australian government
nor even of the advanced socialistic
element in the Labor party. It is tho
business announcement of a company
which acta as trustee, attorney and
agont. It does represent, however,
tho drift of Australian political
thought, na shown In vote, pnrty plat
form and legislative enactment. For
Australia is seeking to relievo tho In
dividual from tho worries of manag
ing his own affairs and turn this man
agement over to the state or com
monwealth government That govern
ment, apparently, 1b regarded best
which governs most
Paternalism of the State.
To enumerate the enterprises in
which tho government of tho com
monwealth or of one or more of the
Australian states has engaged, would
bo to supply a long catalogue. Pri
vate contract between employer and
employo has been abolished as far
as It afTects a minimum wage. Arbi
tration of Industrial differences has
beon made compulsory. Collective
bargaining by labor has been estab
lished by statute. Tho trades union
has boon given preference. The right
of society as a wholo to Interfere In
private business has boon recognized
in tho fundamental law.
Engaged In Many Enterprises.
In another direction, the right of
tho state, representing society as a
whole, to engage in business of any
kind Is unquestioned. Tho railways
aro nationalized. Excepting a few
miles of private lines run to coal
mines or factories, all the Australian
railways are owned and operated by
tho" stato. Tho same Is true of many
of the tramenr or street railway sys
tems. Tho state of Now South Wales,
for example, owns and operates the
Reaping Oats
street car system of Sydney, Its chief
city. If tho state of jllssourl owned
and operated tho street car system of
St. Louis or tho stato of Illlnola tho
street car system of Chicago, tho caso
would bo a parallel one. Tho tele
graph and telephone llnea aro state;
owned and atato operated. Tho state
lenda money to farmers who wish to
buy land or stock farms. It builds
houses for worklngmen to purchase
on easy terms or rent It nlda minora
In prospecting for aud developing
mlnoralproportles. It gives bounties
and subsidies to manufacturers. It
oporates nurseries which supply trees
and shrubs without cost. It owns and
operates Irrigation works, brlck-mak-Ing
plants, abattoirs, meat-freezing
works and engages In mnny other en
terprises ordinarily left to tho Initia
tive of private Interests, Tho Aus
tralian may borrow money from tho
stato to buy a farm nnd stock It with
sheep or cattle, ho may ship hla prod
uce to tho stato markot over a Btate
railway, havp It slaughtered by state
butchors, direct Its salo by state tele
graph, leprn tho results through a
atato telephone, as ho sits In a state
concert hall listening to an organ re
cital by n state organist. And tho
end la not yet.
tow Telegraph and Telephone Rates.
As to some ontorprUes In which
tho Australian stato has engnged thero
1b little or no difference of opinion.
Tho telephone nnd telegraph sorvlco
aro regarded us properly In the hands
of tho government Tho choapnosa of
this Borvlce, Its comprehensiveness
and excellence havo commanded It.
Ono may sond, for a shilling (24
cents), 1G words by telegraph as far
as from Now York to San Francisco,
whllo for a ponny (2 conta) ono may
talk flvo minutes through a public
tolophone from tho street corners In
tho larger cities within tho radlua
of the city, or suburban service. Few
would chango tho tolograph or tolo
phone to prlvato monopoly. Govern
ment aid to tho settlement of land,
to Immigration, to tho development of
the "back blocks" or now country Is
generally approved by loadors of all
parties
Aa to tho wisdom of completo na-
tc. sj&i. ."S'.sssk-' - Mm&m wiumi i h
IV ?.;&D m&.- jinmrfflmmmm&&&
'-:7s&-,3,fe ---- iigfriiijnffWTffiXfflfflriT'W' -"
1
IN OUR TIME
tlonallzatlon of railways there Is con
siderable dispute, though the oppo
nents of nationalization are apparently"
In a small minority. Thero are sug
gestions that prlvato capital bo en
couraged by grants of land or other
bonuses to build lines of railway In
tho vnst Interior of Australia where
tho states havo as yet been unwilling
or unablo to do so. Another sugges
tion Is made that the stato owned
railways bo, as In India, leased, under
sultablo restrictions, for operation to
prlvato companies. But neither sug
gestion has uny considerable political
support. Tho railway service Is crude,
Its finances are muddled and It has
followed In the development of the
country, rather than, as In the United
States, preceded and brought nboul
this development. Tho "back blocks"
have not as many votes aB the su
burbs of Sydney, Brisbane and Mel
bourne or tho city wards. An ap
parent improvement is noticeable In
tho railway service and the general
management shows betterment Tho
politician, through the pressure of nn
enlightened public oplnloivls coming,
though slowly,' to regard tho railway
systems aB non-political enterprises.
Tho evils of the system havo boon
largely due to hot-house politics.
Socialism Partially In Force.
"Socialists and Anti-Socialists In
Australia," Bald W. M. Hughes, labor
member of parliament and former at
torney goncral, "havo tho most ex
traordinary Ideas of what socialism
really is. It 1b not something to bo
brought about by 'act of parliament
or by vote. It Is a growth just as a
boy grows Into a man. Socialism will
come In Australia but by slow growth.
Complete collectivism, when we get
thnt far, will appear tho moat ordinary,
natural and Inevitable thing In the
world for those who live under It.
Many will think It a perfect system
and others will object to It, but by nil
It will bo regarded as perfectly
natural. Socialism, which, as I under
stand It, means tho substitution of
co-operation for competition, will re
placo Individualism gradually but
surely because It is the fittest to sur
vive. The belief that socialism can
be achlevod by any coup, violent or
peaceful, can only be entertained by
those who fall utterly to understand
not only whnt socialism Is but what
those factors which make for change
aro. The Lambeth conference com
mittee wisely concluded that 'any sys
tem of social reconstruction may bo
called socialism, which alms at unit
ing labor and the instruments of la
bor (land and capital) whether by
means of tho state or the co-operation
of tho poor.' Modern socialism Is
In Australia.
hore; less robust, less complex, less
comprehensive, than it will be In the
years to come, but It is here. Just as
a boy Is less robust than a man, and,
In the sense that n boy Is not a .man,
socialism la not here now and, In tho
aenso that a boy Is a man, socialism
Is here In Australia now."
All Parties Socialistic.
Ab to the progress toward a larger
socialism, "It is our policy," said the
secretary of the Sydney labor coun
cil, "to hold what we possess nnd
strive for more. What the Sydney
working people, for example, want
Just now Is house room at a moderate
rental and this can bo secured only
by tho government building cottages
wherever tho 'workman may wish."
And A. W Poarse, editor of tho Pas
toral Review, able nntl-BocIallst, said,
a few minutes afterward: "Tho Btato
should assist rural laborers to procure
small areas In rural districts, where
they can marry and rear families
closo to their dally work. They would
soon loso their socialistic inclina
tions." And tho liberal prima minister
of the commonwealth, Joseph Cook,
romarkod: "The pictures drawn of
soctnllsm would be beaut'ful If It wore
not for tho black blotches on them.
Against that kind of socialism the
liberals are united." Theso expres
sions of opinion from persons of wldo
ly divergent political beliefs nhow the
existence of socialistic sentiment In
all parties In Australia. Between them
It Ib moroly n question of degreo.
It Is a curious paradox thnt tho so
called antl-soclullsts of the liberal
party have enacted as much socialis
tic legislation, laws directly opposed
to individualism, as the avowedly so
cialistic Boction of tho Labor party
when In control. Names do not
frighten tho Australian. He Is rather
concerned as to results.
Individual Initiative tags.
And what aro the results? General
ization Is dangerous, Cortaln results,
however, nro apparent. The working
day of long hours Is passing nway.
Thero Is less work and more play In
Australia than In any other civilized
country Prlvato capltnl which finds
better returns elsewhere does not rush
to tho Island-continent. Individual
lnltlativo 1b not so keen. The avorago
Australian leans against tho wall or
tho fence or the lamp post In ma
terial affairs ho leans on tho govern
ment The chief end of llfo to him
Is not buBlness, but tho chief ond of
business Is llfo. Governments nro In
stituted among men, according to his
view, not to proscrvo order nnd per
mit individual effort but to give high
rates of wages and establish holidays.
Thoro Is much Idealism In tho grow
ing socialism of Australia but more
materialism. It alms at larger leisure
and greater ploasuro.
Play First, Then Work.
"Will you describe tho Australian
as developing under your moderato so
cialism?" I asked a distinguished co
lonial author. "In what respect does
ho differ from his conservative Brit
ish ancestors?"
"I will not do that," was tho reply,
"but I will tell you a Btory. An Eng
lishman, discussing Australia, told of
a young official In his business houso
who was efficient and ambitious. This
ofllclal aspired to be the head of tho
firm ono day and allowed no other
Idea to engago his thoughts. It
chanced that ho was sent to Sydney
Australia, to a position of responsi
bility for his firm. He returned after
five years. His outlook on life had
entirely changed. As regards work
ho was as offlclont, as quick, as rcr
liable. But his chief Ideal now was to
enjoy llfo; tho headship of tho firm
took second place to that Ho had
acquired the Australian viewpoint"
Tho story Illustrates tho Aus
tralian's attitude toward work and
play play first And, undbr even
moderato socialism, the tendency
among Australians Is to let tho gov
ernment do all tho work we'll go
play. Ho seeks socialism In our timo
with tho hope nnd fond expectation
that It will .relieve from the worry and
work of managing his own affnlrs. The
nntl-soclallsts Insist that with social
ism In full measure attalnod In Aus
tralia, the Australian commonwealth
and citizen will havo no affairs to
manage.
(Copyright, 1914, bv Joseph B. Bowles.)
SHARE FARMING IN AUSTRALIA
Plan That 8eems Worth Copying la
Especially Successful With Big
Wheat Crops.
In view of tho fact that tho estimate
of the present season's wheat crop of
New South Wnlos Is set down at near
ly forty-two million bushels, exceeding
last season's record by nearly nine and
one-half million bushels, It Is proof of
the value of the share farming that a
considerable number of the wheat
farms of New South Wales, and par
ticularly the largo ones, are worked
on what Is known In Australia as the
"shares" Bystem.
Under this Bystem a farmer possess
ing the necessary team and implement
arranges with the land owner to crop
a certain area for a season or for a
number of seasons. The usual form
of agreement provides that the land
owner shall provide land, seed, two
thirds of the manure, where manure Is
used, and bags for his share. Tho
farmer does tho cultivating and har
vesting, using his own plant; provides
one-third of tho manure, and bags for
his share.
Up to a specified yield of the crop
tho owner and farmer toko equal
shares; any excess becomes tho prop
erty of tho farmer as a bonus to en
courage good and thorough farming.
This method of working large areas Is
Invariably a success where tho ar
rangement 1b drawn up on a truly co
operative baslB, and Is one of the most
satisfactory ways of working large es
tates. Share farming enables a settler
with little mony nt his disposal to ac
cumulate enough moans to buy land
of his own.
New Yorker Shoots Polar Bear.
The shooting of the first polar bear
waa delegated to Mr. S. Osgood Pell
of New York, a privilege of no secon
dary kind In a party of rather keen
sporting appetites. It was midnight
the transparent gauze of a half dark
ness. A sailor called our attention to
a blot of white moving cautiously to
ward the ship, and In a few minutes
the ungraceful bulk of a polar bear
was plainly visible, ambling along fas
ter and faster. When within a hun
dred yards ho uttered an angry growl
nnd raced toward us, with the mani
fest intention of clearing tho Neptuno
nnd her passengers off the map of the
Arctic. Mr. Pell's first shot hit him In
the shoulder and tumbled him off the
"pan" info the water. He attempted
to dive, but rifle after rifle took n line
on him nnd landed four or five Bhots
before he gave up tho fight. Wo low
ered a small boat, photographed Mr.
Pell and his bear, and brought tho first
real trophy proudly aboard. Wide
World Magazine.
Gladstone's Persuasive Power.
Stafford houso was the Garlbaldlan
headquarters In London during the
visit of 18C4; and a society pleasantry
of tho time was a proposal to marry
tho hero tx tho old duchess of Suther
land. Sir Mountstuart Grant Duff tells
how some severely practical person
objected that this wns Impossible; be
cause Garibaldi had a wife already.
"Oh!" Bald Abraham Hay ward, "we'll
put up Gladstone to explain her away."
Oldest Power Plant In New York.
The oldest Isolated power plant In
New York City, according to the En
gineering Nows, Is that in tho Mills
Building in Broad street. It was in
stalled in 1883, or only four years aft
er the announcement of Edison's In
'candescent lamp. Hero aro tho fif
teenth and nineteenth Edison dyna
mos, still running with thler original
stonra engines. These havo been run
ning every day for 31 years.
The Way of It
"So the man you dunned for that,
monoy was very angry J Did you man
ago to placate him?"
"No, I tried to, but ho not tho stran
gle hold first."
A Home-Made Remedy,
Ho My dear, see that I am not dis
turbed I havo to write a paper on
the nbatpment of tho smoko nuisance
Sho- That's easy Stop using cigar
ttos.
Home,
JrS?v
Tow
HELP5
MOVE TO ABOLISH FENCES
Pittsburgh Newspaper Regards Idea
With Favor, but Has Doubt of Its
Practicability.
Baltimore comes forward with a
community back yard Idea, already the
subject of practical experiment In
thnt city, remarks tho Pittsburgh Dis
patch. It alms to abolish the unsight
ly back yard and Its rubblsh-hldlng
fences, and to creato instead a neigh
borhood open spaco or park and play
ground that would keep tho chil
dren off tho Btrcets and offer residents
Instead of a little cooped-up and prac
tically useless piece of private domain
a chance to stretch themselves and en
Joy a freedom of movement to bo had
In no other way.
A correspondent who directs atten
tion to tho scheme suggests that it
might bo expanded into a factor In
reducing tho cost of living if tho com
munity would devoto part of tho
open spaco to growing fruit or garden
truck.
Admirable as tho Idea may seem In
tho abstract, It may bo questioned
whether neighborhood human naturo
has arrived at tho perfection neces
sary to its succeso. It is not difficult
to Imagine a refractory resident an
gered by some neighbor spoiling tho
wholo plan by restoring his fences.
It may be doubted, too, whether this
could bo avoided by any binding agree
ment being secured In advance. Then,
also, there Is always tho possibility of
an untidy neighbor mussing up tho
community back yard, of clothosllno
fights and dogs and chlckenB and all
the numerous troubles that add spice
If not sweetness to neighborhood ex
istence. GOOD IN GARDEN MOVEMENT
City of Duluth Has Demonstrated
That It Is of Value In Many
Different Ways.
In tho summer of 1913, tho Duluth
Commercial club obtained three vn
cant lots In dlfforent parts of tho
city and put a man In charge of tho
threo tracts. He conducted demon
stration gardening through tho sea
eon; wns always available to help puz
zled gardeners; guided the school chil
dren In their work, and otherwise
stimulated the garden movement In
the city.
From an Importer of garden prod
ucts, Duluth became at least a pro
ducer of its own supplies. Duluth'B
hinterland Is developing agricultural
ly, but the garden movement In tho
city has lost none of Its significance.
It has promoted the ownership of
many homes; It has drawn children
from tho street and made them gar
den enthusiasts; It has induced great
er efficiency among wago earners
through contentment and more health
ful surroundings, and It has made Du
luth a city of gardens beautiful to be
hold. Of greator valuo to Duluth Is tho
moral effect on tho city. The rising
generation Is one of gardeners. Fac
tory workers and office employes not
only raise their own vegetables, but
they have developed their bodies by
tho exercise. The demand for saloons,
gambling houses and similar resorts
is dying out
Camphor Trees for Streets.
A trade Journal quotes a Texas nur
seryman as saying that the camphor
treo Is very popular for street planting
In the southern part of that state;
that It la never troubled by lnaect
pests and that mosquitoes will avoid
It
No treo is exempt from Insect peats,
and camphor trees may bo found with
such a thick Incrustation of the red
scale of tho orange that bark on twigs
may scarcely be seen. Mosquitoes
avoid camphor and its fumes and
therefore will not literally "rooat"
upon tho tree, but they do not avoid
tho general territory In which It
growa. The camphor tree Is a prime
favorito in southern California and
we do not allow fear of Insect pests
to dotor us from planting It wherever
and whenever opportunity presents.
Los Angeles Times.
Encouragement of Thrift
In Chicago thero has been started
an association for tho encouragement
of thrift. Far-seeing mon are behind
tho movement, confronted with the
enormous waste in time, opportunity,
and material which has been a natural
Inheritance from a generation that
found everything to spare at hand.
This condition no longer exists. A
changed economic condition calls for
changed methods of living, to which
the people must bo educated. Ab tho
lasting and formative Influences aro
those belonging to childhood, tho
school garden may be counted upon
to play no small part in bringing about
a better understanding of the elements
of living, all tho way from the mar
ket basket onwnrd to tho best that
goes to mnko happy and prosperous
homes.
Does More Harm Than Good.
Tho charity Is bad which takes from
Independence Its proper pride and
from mendicity Its Balutnry shame.
Southey.
His Own Detective.
In Schenectady, N. Y., a farmer rec
ognized in n leather shop tho green
hldo of a horse which had been stolon
from him but two weeks before. By
means of the hide ho traced the thief
and eventually was putd for the horse.
Thing of Most Importance.
"What matters tho naturo of our
work bo long as It Is well done? We
do not glean happlnoss according to
our station In life, but according to
how well wo adapt ourselves to that
station."
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