DAKOTA COUNTY HERALD; DAKOTA CITY, NEBRASKA.
, "
r-
n'
I President Wilson's
FEATURES OF MESSAGE.
1. Effectual prohibition of the inter
locking of directorate of great corpora
tions tnks, railroads, Industrial
commercial and public servlco bodies,
intn nnmtnnm. . i.i 4i. ....,..
to superintend and regulate the Jinan- turbod', nothlnE tor UP bjf, " ot"'
clal operations by which railroads are ,n p.artB nt f8Uor, which can bo
henceforth to bo supplied with the,loft ,n wholesa, combination,
money they need for their proper do- "Fortunately no measures of sweep-
volopmont and Improved transporta- 1"R or novel change are necessary. It
tlon facilities. Tho president made it w111 00 understood that our object Is
clear that tho "prosperity of tho rail- not to unsottlo business or anywhoro
, roads and tho prosperity of tho coun- seriously to break .Its established
try arc Inseparably connected" In this courses athwart. On tho contrary, wo
regard. doslro tho laws wo aro now about to
3. Definition of "tho many hurtful Pa" to bo tho bulwarks and safe
restraints of trade" by explicit legls- Guards qt industry against tho forces
lation supplementary to tho Sherman that hnvo disturbed it. What wo have
law. to do can bo done In a new spirit, In
4. The creation of a commission to thoughtful moderation without revo
aid the courts and to act as a clearing ,ut,on of any untoward kind
house of Information In Helping busl- "Wo aro all agreed thai 'private
ness to conform with tho law. monopoly is Indefensible and lntoler-
5. Provision of penalties and punish- able,' and our program Is founded on
ments to fall on Individuals responsl- that conviction. It will be a compara
ble for unlawful business practices. tlvo, but not a radical or unacceptable
G. Prohibition of holding companies program, and these aro Its Items, tho
and a suggestion that tho voting pow
er of individuals holding shares in nu
merous corporations might bo re
stricted: 7. Giving to private individuals tho
right to found suits for redress on
facta and Judgments proven In govern
ment suits and providing that the stat-
uto of limitations should run only
from the date of conclusion of tho gov
ernment's action.
Washington. President Wilson in
his address to congress on anti-trust , thoso who buy but tho same persons
reform spoke ns follows: trading with one another under dlffer-
"Gentlomen of the Congress In ' ent names and in different combina
my report on 'tho state of the union,' ' uons and those who affect to compote
which I had the pleasure of reading the railroads exposed to many Berlous
to you on the 2d of December last, I
ventured to reservo for discussion at a
later date the subject of additional
legislation regarding tho very difficult ,
and intricate matter of trusts and mo
nopolies. Tho time now seems oppor
tune to turn to that great question,
not only because tho currency legisla
tion, which absorbed your attention
and tho attention of tho country in
December, is now disposed of, but al
'eo becnuse opinion seems to bo clear
ing about us with singular rapidity In
this other great field of action. In
tho matter of the currency it cleared
suddenlv nnd very happily after tho
much debated act was passed: In
sped to the monopolies which have
multiplied about us and In regard to
tho varloui means by which they have
been organized and maintained, it
seems to be coming to a clear and all
but universal agreement In anticlpa
tion of our action, aa if by way of prop
nratlon. making tho way easier to see
j - . . . ...
ana easier to sec out on, wun conn -
dence and without confusion of coun
sel. "Legislation has Its atmosphere like
"ZIIJ ll0' Ahe rSP!!ere
Zri2r.r,.
standing, which wo now breathe with
so much refreshment, Is a matter of
sincere congratulation. It ought to
make our task very much less difficult
I E , "i r 4
been had we been obliged to continue
.,,.. W.U uUD1, ,, vl oub-
,,.v..uu uu u.u.sumB... wrnuii hub o
long made It Impossible to approach
such questions with dlspass onato fair-
ness. Constructive legislation, when
successful, is always the embodiment
of convincing experience and of the
..... u, uu.,u u,m,,oii wu.ui iiimuy
springs out of hat experience. Legls-
lation is a business of interpretation
not of orifiinntlon, and It Is now plain
TV'nflf flirt tnltllrtn fct - urTtlil. m
i ...., """'""" "'UBl-
k.vu fiii-i in una mauer. n is not re-
TIT lllLlT- JilVl'"! lU
, :, " , "-" "' " """" h-nuia-
"". Z V:" .,' V"7..B?:
i mi 41, , . u
battled with It and sought to change
lt. "? n"w 'ranWy nnd honorably who aro chIe(1 responslble for tho act
yielding to It and seeking to conform ua, manaRPnient of the railroads have
"" l,-lluaB L" 1U
"The great business men who organ-
i7Pd nnd nnnced monopoly and thoso
who administered it in actual every
day transactions have year after year,
until now, either denied Its existence
or Justified It as necessary for tho of-
fectivo maintenance and development
of tho vast business processes of the
country, but all tho whllo opinion has
mado head against them. Tho average
business man is convinced that the
ways or iwerty are also tho ways of
peace and thp way of success as well,
and at last tho masters or business on
a great scale have begun to yield their
iireierenco ana purpose, perhaps Judg-
ment also, In honorable surrender.
"What wo aro purposing to do,
therefore, Is. happily, not to hamper
or interfore with business as onllght-
ened business men prefer to do It, or
in any sense to put lt under tho ban.
Tho antagonism between business and
government is over. Wo nro now
about to give expression to tho best
business judgment of America, to what
we know to be tho business conscience
and honor of tho land. Tho govern-
ment and business men aro ready to
meet each othor half way In a com-
mon effort to squaro business meth-
ods with both public opinion nnd tho
law. Tho best Informed mon of tho
business world condemn tho methods
and processes and consequences of mo-
nopoly as wo condemn then; and tho
Instlnctivo Judgment of the vast major-
lty of business men everywhere coes
with them. Wo shall now bo their
spokesmen. That Is tho strength of
our position and tho suro prophecy of
what will ensuo when our reasonablo
work is done.
"When sorlous contest ends, when
men unite In opinion and purpose,
thoso who aro to cnango their ways of
Shepherdlno Healthy Occupation.
Shephords enjoy extraordinarily
good henlth. It is not simply a mat
ter of the open air, tho farmers do not
show n bill of health nearly nB clean.
Doctors have suggested that the rea
son Ilea In tho fact that the strong
odor of tho sheep has an antiseptic
Influence and kills off stray gernio.
Tho odor Is supposed to bo particu
larly good for whooping cough, and in
n sheep rearing district mothers of
ten send alllnc children to play among
the sheep when whooping cough Is
bout.
Plan for Dealing
business Joining with those who nsk
for the change, it Is possible to effect
It In the wny hi which prudent anil
thoughtful and patriotic men would
wish to sco It brought about, with ns
few, as slight, as easy and slinplo bus
iness readjustments ns posstblo In the
circumstances, nothing essential dlB
changes which opinion deliberately
sanctions and for. which business
waits:
"It waits with acquiescence In tho
nrst nlnno for laws which will effect-
ually prohibit and prevent such inter-
lockings of tho personnol of tho dl
rectorates of great corporations
banks and railroads, industrial, com
merclal and public service bodies as
In effect result In making those who
borrow and thoso 'who lend practically
ono and the same, those who sell and
whole field of business. Slfflclent time
should be allowed, of course, In which
to effect these changes of organlza-
un without inconvenience or confu
slon.
"Such a prohibition will work much
more than a mere negative good by
correcting the serious ovlls which have
arisen because, for example, the men
who have been the directing spirits of
tho great lnve'tment banks have
usurped tho place which belongs to in
dependent industrial management
working In its own behoof.
"It will bring now men, new ener
gies, a now spirit of Initiative, new
re-ib,ood' ,nto the management of our
great business enterprises. It will open
the field of Industrial development and
origination to scores of men who have
been obliged to Bervo when their abil
ities entitled them to direct It will
Immensely hearten the young men
coming on and will greatly enrich tho
business activities of tho whole coun
trv-
1 '
in mo second piaco Dusiness mon
as well as those who direct public af-
' '"" """ ."'"'"; "' ?"" ' """"
ana .notice whlcl . ta. been done to
n,any. If not all, of the great railroad
systems of the country by tho way In
which they have been financed and
.,,, , i,ottnnt.a insra.ia a..w..
nated to te lnterests ot the men who
financed them and of other business
enterpriaes whIch thos0 mon wished
to promotei Tho country j8 roady,
theroforo. to accept, and accept with
rolIef ag W6 a8 approvali a ,aw whlch
w, confer on tho lnter8tato com.
merco oornm,ssion tho power to BU.
rtnn, n,i ,Dint ti, flnnn.toi
oporatio9 by which tho railroads are
hencoforth to bo supplied with the
m u nced for thoIr 0 ro.
nilit ,, ,. ..
crease(1 and improved facilities of
transportation. We can not postpone
n i n,tc win,t ii
nnohen very plainly and very earnest
i,an(1icap8 nnd hazards; and the pro3'
P"y of tho railroads and tho pros-
perity of tho country aro Inseparably
.., tt ,i ..04i ..,;.
daunts or discourages It like the neces-
Jy, with a purposo wo ought to be
quick to accept. It will be one stop,
nnd a very important one, toward the
necessary separation ot tho business
of production from the business of
transportation. i
"The business of the country awaits
also, has lone waited and has suffered
because it could not obtain, further
and moro explicit legislative definition
of tho pollcv and mearlne: of tho exist-
Ing anti-trust law. Nothing hampers
business liko uncortnlntv. Nnthintr
daunts or discourages lt like the neces
sity to take chances, to run tho rislt of
falling under the condemnation of tho
law before lt ran make sure Just what
the law Is. Surely wo aro sufficiently
familiar with the actual processes and
methods of mononoly and of tho many
hurtful restraints of trade to make
definition possible, at any rate up to
the limits ofghat experience has dls-
closed. These practices, being now
abundantly disclospd. ran bo oxpllcltlly
nnd Item by Horn forbidden bv statute
In such terms ns will practically ellml-
nnte uncertainty, the law Itself and tho
penalty being mado equally plain,
"And tho business men of the coun-
try desire something more than that
the menace of legal process In these
matters bo made oxllclt and lntelll-
gible. Thoy desire tho ndvlco. the dof-
inito guidance nmi information which
can bo supplied by nn administrative
body, an Interstate trado commission,
"Tho opinion of tho countrv would
instantly npprove of such a commis-
slon. It would not wish to sco lt em-
powered to mnko terms with monop-
oly or In any sort to nssumo control
of business as If tho government mndo
Itself responsible. It demands such a
commission only ns an indlspensablo
Instrument of Information and publlc-
With Some Parties.
"Pa, what does it mean when they
say a man Is "tho life of tho party?"
"Tho lifo of n party, my boy, is a
man who buys Svhilo tho other follows
are hanging back trying to remember
whoso turn it is." Detroit Free
Press.
Eay Money for Planters.
Guatemala is about as largo as Lou
isiana. The planters aro tho most In
fluential element and they sell their
products for gold and pay their labor
In depredated currency.
with the Trusts
ty, as a clearing house for tho facts
by wulch both the public mind nnd tho
mnnngers of great business undertak
ings should bo guided, and ns nn In
strumentality for doing Justlco to busi
ness where tho processes of tho courts
or tho natural forces ot correction out-
stdo tho courts are Inadequate to ad
just tho remedy to tho wrong In a way
that will meet all tho equities and cir
cumstances of tho cn8e. '
"Producing Industries, for example,
which havo passed tho point up to
which combination may bo consistent
with tho public Interest nnd tho free
dom of trade, can not always be dls
soctod to their component units as
readily as railroad companies or sim
ilar organizations can be. Their dis
solution by ordinary legal process may
oftontlmes involve financial conso
quences likely to overwhelm tho se
curity market and bring on lt break
down nnd confusion. Tnore ought to
be an administrative commission capa
ble of directing nnd shaping such cor
rective processes, not only In aid of
tho courts, but nlsd by Independent
suggestion. If necessnry.
"In as much as our object and tho
spirit of our action In thoso matters Is
to meet business halt way In its pro
cesses of solf correction and disturb
Its legitimate course as Httlo as possi
ble, wo ought to encourage it, and tho
Judgment of practical and sagacious
men of nffalrs everywhere would ap
plaud us if wo did see to it that penal
ties and punishments should fall, not
on business Itself, to Its confusion and
Interruption, but on tho Individuals
who use tho Instrumentalities of busi
ness io do things which public policy
and sound business practlco condomn.
Every act of business Is dono at tho
command or on the initiative of some
ascertainable person or group of per
sons. These should bo held individual
ly responsible and the punishment
should fall on them, not on tho busi
ness organization of which they havo
made illegal use. It should bo ono of
tho main objecta of our legislation to
divest such persons of their corporato
cloak and deal with them as with
thoso who do not represent their cor
porations, but merely by deliberate in
tention vlolato the law. Business men
tho country through would, I am suro,
applaud us if wo were to take effect
ual steps to see that the officers and
directors of great buslness'bodies were
prevented from bringing them and tho
business of tho country into disrepute
apd danger.
"Other questions remnln which will
nced very thoughtful and practical
treatment. Enterprises In these mod
ern days of great individual fortunes
are aftentlmes interlocked, not by bo
Ing under tho control of tho same di
rectors, but by the fact that th'o great
er pnrt of tho corporate stock Is owned
by a single person or group of persons
who aro In some way Intimately re
lated In Interest. Wo aro agreed, I
take it, that holding companies should
me prohibited, but what of the con
trolling private ownership of individ
uals or actually co-operative groups of
Individuals? Shall the private owners
of capital stock bo suffered to bo
themselves in effect holding compa
nies? I do not propose to 'prohibit tho
purchase of stocks by any person who
pleases to buy them in such quantities
as he can afford, or In any way arbitra
rily to limit the sale of stocks to bona
fine purchasers. Shall we require the
owners of stock, when their voting
power In several companies which
ought to be independent of ono anoth
er would constitute actual control, to
make election in which of them they
will exorcise their right to vote? This
question I venture for your consider.-!:
tlon,
"TheroIs another matter in which
imperative considerations of Justice
and fair play suggest thoughtful reme
dial action. Not only do mnny of tho
combinations effected, or sought to be
effected In tho Industrial world, work
an. injustice on the public In general;
they also directly and seriously Injure
the Individuals who are put opt of
business in ono unfair way or another
by tho many dislodging nnd extermi
nating forces of combinations, T bono
thnt wo shall agreo in giving privatt
individuals who'claim to have been in
jured by thoso processes tho right to
found tneir suits for redress on tho
facts and judgments proved nnd en
tered in suits by tho government
whoro tho government has on Its own
initiative sued tho combinations com
plnined of and won its suit, and that
the statuto or limitations shall bo suf
fered to run against such litigants only
from the date of the conclusion of tho
government's notion. It is not fair
that tho prlvato litigant should bo
obliged to get up and establish again
tho facts which tho government has
proved. He can not afford, he has not
the power, to make use of such pro
cesses of Inquiry ns tho government
has command of. Thus shall Individual
Justlco bo dono while the processes of
business aro rectified and squared with
tho general conscience.
"I havo laid tho case before you, no
doubt, as it lies In your own mind, aa
it lies in the thought, of tho country.
What must every candid man say of
tho suggestions I havo laid before you,
of the plain obligations of which I ro
mind you, That thoso aro now things
for which tho country Is not prepared?
No, but that thoy aro old things, now
familiar, and miist of course bo under
taken If wo aro to squaro our laws
with tho thought and doslro of tho
country. Until these things nro dono
conscientious business men tho coun
try over will bo unsatisfied. Thoy nro
In theso things our mentors and col
leagues. Wo aro now nbout to wrlto
the additional articles ot our constitu
tion of peace, tho peace that Is honor
and freodom and prosperity."
In Search of Her.
"Glvo mo tho girl who knits her
stockings and not her brows, curls hor
hair but not her lip, and threads her
needle and not the strees!" exclaim
ed the old fogy phllosophor, who
seemed to think ho was going to havo
trouble in finding somebody who could
glvo him one of that sort. Browning's
Magazine,
Immense Demand for Pianos.
Moro than 400,00 pianos aro built
In this country annually. They aro
valued at .nearly $70,000,000.
Making Tomorrow's
World
By WALTER WILLIAMS, LL.D.
Dn f Of SJtoal tjjoamalltm Jtt UntnnHu fMtuoatO
THE NEW ECONOMIC IRELAND'
Bray, Ireland.
Tho plowed
field takes tho
plnco of tho graz
ing ranch. Land
lordlsm dies,
though by slow
degrees nnd pain
1 fully, "Its last
thought being ot
a bargain to bo
made." Progres
sive agriculture,
including co-op-o
r a t lo n , rural
credit, UBablo
t r nnsporta
tlon ways, small
local industries
and wcll-dirocted
education with
out which there
can bo no pro
gressive agriculture ot tho best kind
comes In Ireland. Tho singing and
dancing Gaelic loaguo, with Its re
vival ot tho old nnd happy Irish lan
guage, breathes life and stirs laugh
ter. All theso are making for tho
new Ireland.
Land Situation Improving.
The spado Is ever mightier than tho
sword. Impnssloned oratory In Sack
vlllo street is futllo compared with
the uso of fertilizer In tho field. Ire
land 1b pre-eminently agricultural and
tho chief emphasis In the island's re
naissance has rightly been upon the
uso ot tho land. Progress has been
mado toward tho transfer of owner
ship of land from tho absentco land
lord to tho resident peasant. Prog
ress has been mado in tho establish
ment for all Irolnnd of the Ulster cus
tom of free sale, fixity ot tcnuro and
fair rent. Considerable progress has
been mnde In blotting out the plnguo
to which Western Ireland has given a
name which is also a plcturo, rural
"congested districts." These things
havo been accomplished by the Irish
Agricultural Organization society, led
J)y that disinterested patriot, Sir Hor
ace Plunkett, by tho government de
partment ot agriculture and by other
agencies.
Two-Thirds of People Farmers.
Land 1b Ireland's chief source of
rovenue. In a population of four mil
lions tho rural classes, tenants and
farm laborers and their families, are
8lr Horace
two-thirds. This population depends
directly for its dally lifo upon tho
profit from fifteen million acres of
cultivable land. In continental Eu
rope tho peasant, driven by poverty
from the land, goes to tho factory in
tho town. Excepting In Belfast, -with
Its linen, and in Dublin, with Its beer,
and soma smaller places along eastern
Ireland, there aro no Irish factories
of consequence Tho Irish peasant
who can not pick' up a living in tho
fields goes not to a factory in tho
town but to America.
A century ago one-third of tho
population ot the United Kingdom of
Great Britain and Ireland was in Ire
land, today only ton per cent. Within
sixty years one-half tho population of
Ireland has emigrated to tho United
States. In tho last ten years the evil
of overmuch emigration has slightly
abatod, thanks to many good Influ
ences. It Is n curlouB fact that whllo
tho proportion of British emigrants
from Great Britain to countries with
in tho British emplro was 80 per cent
during tho last twelvo months, barely
27 per cent of tho emigrants from
Ireland remalnod under the British
flag.
Sir Horace Plunkett's Crusade,
Improvement In tho land situation,
besides checking emigration, has pro
moted the economic and soclnl wel
fare ot tho pooplo. Wlso uso of self
help and cooperation, under tho
statesmanlike leadership of Sir Hor
ace Plunkett, is making a new Ireland,
agriculturally. Returning from ranch
lite in the United States in 1888, in
stead of entering politics as tho most
useful sphero ot activity, this Kreat
Irishman devoted himself to the social
mmB
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m0mmmmum n isniin i imiisnnr MJiMMfT - ' 'se5asxw
SaBISWBWSMSBMBBaaMMMMMWMWBiaMBMMBi iy ii i ill
and economic regeneration of rural
Ireland. Around him gathered men
of nil creeds and every party. Cath
olic blBhops and Presbyterian preach
ers, Unionists and Nationalists, land
lords and tenants, noon onllsted in tho
work. It was difficult, if not Impossi
ble, to make a theological or oven a
political controversy about bettor ba
con and moro eggs.
Self-Help and Cooperation Winning.
Self-help wbb first In tho pro
gramme Education must proccdo
self-help. "You can not havo a na
tion without tho elements of a na
tion," said another great Irishman,
Thomas Davis, "and ono of tho first
eloments ot a nation is an educated
domocracy." As everywhere educa
tion was slow and difficult. Tho Irish
man, not dlffcront from othors, pro
forrod to bo flattered rathor than to
bo betterod. Gradually, however, solf
holp doctrlneB had thoIr fruitage In
bettor agricultural methods, In larger
crop yields and in moro doslrnblo ru
ral life.
Tho Irish Agricultural Organization
society was formed to teach self-help
and aid In tho second step toward
rural regeneration, real cooperatlou,
"Cooperation," said its promoters to
the peasants, "will help you to reduce
your general expenses, to dispense
with middlemen, to bo your own bank
ers and your own Insurers. Isolated,
you aro powerless against competition,
banded together, you will bo, if not
all-powerful, at least bettor armed for
tho struggle." Apathy among tho
peasants, hatred of Innovations, preju
dice, party rancor, delayed progress.
In splto of all obstacles and objec
tions, however, tho society went on
nnd Ireland profits thereby. If trag
edy Is only waste, as a famous Shakos
pcrlan critic haB salll, tho tragedy
which wo call rural Ireland Is bolng
transformed by this Bocloty and 'other
agencies, for wnsto Is giving plnco to
thrift and land-abandonment to land
reconstruction.
Big Proportion of People Enlisted.
Tho society differs from most agri
cultural societies elsewhere. Its aim
Is to ameliorate the condition of tho
Irish peasant by instruction in self
help and In tho principles and meth
ods of cooperation. Of itself, wo nro
told, it has created nothing; lt merely
Plunket.
organizes, advises, controls. It sends
out organizers, who undortako cam
paigns In one district after another
and endeavor to establish cooperative
associations by explaining their alms,
methods and advantages. The par
ent society watches over local organ
izers, tenches good business habits,
tho application of cooperative rules
In n word, undertakes tneir economic
education, In fifteen years nearly
one-fourth of tho population ot Irelnnd
has been enrolled In somo fonn of
cooperative society.
Buying and Selling Done Jointly.
The most genoral form of coopera
tion is tho dnlry socloty. Of theHo
soclotlos there aro now more than
four hundred. Next In number aro
tho rural banks, which nunibor moro
than two hundred. Other cooperative
organizations make Joint purchases for
farmers, breed cattlo, promoto local In
dustries, particularly lace-muklng, sell
poultry nnd eggs, grow boos and mar
ket honey, bpII butter nnd transact
wholesalo business for the country so
cieties, Tho central socloty and somo
others aro aided financially by tho
government department of ngrlculturo,
agricultural commlttcos and county
councils.
Cooperation Stopping Emigration.
Tho result shows in economic hot
torment und in a moro wholesomo
rural life. A single instance of tho
first result is that the yield of butter
per gallon of milk has constantly In
creased during the last ten years and
that Irish butter now soils readily in
London in competition with Its great
rival, butter from Denmark. From
certain countloa where tho cooperative
societies have done their best work
emigration has almost ceuued. Much
has been dono townrd Ilnprovliig the
condition of the cottages and by es
tablishing libraries, sano ninUBcm'ents
nnd helpful recreation in tho villages.
Tho Gaelic loaguo has dono good serv
lco hero. "Bettor bo qunrrollng than
be lonesome," runs tho Irish proverb.
Tho now village conditions would ban
ish quarreling without substituting
solitude, accomplishing thlB result by
discouraging drunkenness and pre
venting emigration, tho two giant evils
of tho Ireland of yesterday.
Anothor happy result Is tho moral
dlsclpllno already making Itself felt
This has strengthened Individual en
orgy and tho wlso uso of cooporatlon
haB stimulated Individual effort, devel
oping a tastd for work by increasing
tho produco of labor. However groat
tho material advantages of coopora
tlon, particularly tho cooperative
credit system by which monoy is
lent at low rates for reproductive
work the educational results aro yet
moro Important.
Technical Education Bearing Fruit.
Closo akin to tho efforts of tho
cooperative soclotlos has been tho pro
motion of technical education by tho
state This work, carried on by tho
govornmont'B Department of Agricul
ture and Technical Instruction for Ire
land, is, in n way, similar to tho work
of tho American AgrlculturaPcollegcs
and Experiment BtaUons, except that
it is broader, not confining itself to
"ngrlculturo and tho mechanic arts."
It teaches tho farmer and laborer, it
trains in Its schools for business, com
morco, agriculture and tochnlcal pur
suits, It goes further and BookB nn
Industrial rovlval by oncouragement
of now local factories. Tho depart
ment's work, also beaut by difficulties,
shows considerable progross. Com
mercial enterprises and an Industrial
spirit nro appearing In tho smallor
towns ns well as developing in the
larger centers, Dublin, Belfast nnd
Cork. Tho manufacture of bacon, of
woolen goods, of laces, has begun In
villages whoro ten yonrs ago eurplus
labor, unemployed was driven to for
eign lands.
Dear Transportation Heavy Handicap.
With created or revived local Indus
tries comes consideration of better
transportation. Farm produco and In
dustrial products pay throo per cent of
their valuo to reach a market In Can
ada and fifteen per cent In Ireland. It
coBts four dollars a ton to get eggs
from Frnnco to London, six dollnrs a
ton from Denmark, and twonty-flvo
dollars a ton from Galway, Ireland.
This condition an Irish parliament
may bo expected to seek to romedy.
Just now it blocks economic develop
ment. "Ireland Is thinking now In terms of
woolens and linens, poultry nnd fat
cattle, eggs and butter, banks and rail
ways," said tho brilliant T. M. Kcttlo.
professor of economics In tho now
National university at Dublin.
"Social and Moral Uplift."
Nor aro tho Irish at home forgot
ful of tho higher things In life They
are creating a now literature, they aro
developing social life, gracious ub al
ways In tho vorlost villages for your
Irish peasant is born a gentleman
and promoting higher standards of
morality. In all tho constructive
movements in Ireland tho religious
question looms large For religion to
tho real Irishman, Protestant or Cath
olic, is not an argument, but an in
stitution. Quoting again Professor
Kettlo: "It seems to ub as reason
ablo to prepare " children for their
monl life by excluding religion ns to
prepare them for thoIr physical life by
removng tho most lmportnut lobe of
thoIr brains."
Self Help by Mutual Help.
With thlB material and In this wlso la
tho new Irelnnd In tho making. To
tho Englishman "homo" means his own
Independent and comfortablo corner,
to tho Irishman "homo'1 meanB tho
cottnge of IiIb birth, the social order,
tho traditional nnd familiar" environ
ment. This explains tho corner gro
cery In Ireland, but lt nlso explains
tho community or clnn spirit which
Is an nil-powerful aid toward coopora
tlon. And tho first and last principle
of tho npostles of economic regenera
tion In Irelnnd Is "Self-help by mutual
holp." The new Ireland Is to bo mado
of all tho old Ireland, tho Orango Flag
and tho Green Flag In combination
untn all tho Island's good.
(CopyrlRht, J013, by Joacnh B. Bowles.)
Earthquakes and Rainfall.
Although Ferdlnnnd do Montessus
do Bnlloro, nftor a study of tho rain
fall conditions preceding 4.13G earth
quakes, whb unable to find any con
nection, says a writer In Science, Pro
fessor Omorl has found nn apparent
relationship between tho nnnual fre
quency of uarthquakoa at Toklo and
tho amount of rainfall In northwest
orn Jnpnn. Tho periods when earth
quakes were Infrequent but severo
correspond In a striking mnnner with
thoso when rainfall wns deficient at
Nllgata und Aklta on tho Japan sea
coast, whllo In years of maximum
earthquake frequoncy at Toklo the
amount of rnln and snow falling in
tho north waa much nbovo tho aver
age Waistcoat a Monarch's Fad,
Historians, tell us that Charlos II. of
England mado a resolution to clmngo
tho fashion of his dress to ono which
ho would never nltor, and communi
cated this decision to his council In
October, 1GG0, From a diary of that
period wo read: "Thla day tho king
begins to put on his vest, and I did
sco sovoral persona of tho houso of
lords and commons, too, groat cour
tiers who aro In It, being a long cos
Back closo to tho body, of black cloth
and pinked with white silk under It,"
Paint.
Paint Is used on houses, park soteos,
fences nnd faces. It comes In colors.
Red paint Is used on towns by young
collego men and old doncons. Fresh
paint Is UBod by children when they
havo thoIr now clothes on. Paint Is
nlso used on s)gn boards which aro
put up overywhero to Improve tho
scenery. No American sconory is
complete without them. Lifo.
Tearful Wife.
"Ho used to call her tho sunshlno of
his life."
"That's true but sho clouded up
shortly after thoy wero married and
has been raining moro or lesB ever
since"
FIRST DAYS OF' PHOTOGRAPHY
Painters Feared Discovery Would Do"
Away With Demand for Prod- - -ucts
of Their Art,
Perhaps It Is difficult fully to un
ierstand tho panic Into which the fol
lowers of tho art of painting woro
thrown on tho discovery ot photo
graphy, since to us tho plnco of the
two arts Is so thoroughly assured and
io assuredly separate. But wo must
remember that to an unphotographed
ago tho art of painting necessarily
meant something quite different from
what lt means to our own kodakod gen
eration. "Figure to yourself," cries
a writer In shrill excitement in the
Monttcur Univorsel. January 14. 1839.
'Hguro to yourself a mirror which, af
ter receiving your image, presents you
your portrait, as indellblo as a paint
ing and much moro faithful!" And la
rcndorlng tho imago of nature, how
Immensely significant becomes the
languago of tho bill which was intro
duced beforo tho French chambor to
pension M. Daguerre: "To tho travel
er tho apparatus ot M, Dsguerro would
bocomo a continual and indlspensablo
necessity. It will onable them io fix
their impressions without having re
course to tho hand of a Btranger."
Annlo Nathan Meyer, In tho Atlantic.
SCALP TROUBLE FOR YEARS
268 Harrison St, Elyrla, Ohio. "My
case wns a scalp troublo. I first no
ticed small bunches on my scalp which
commenced to itch and I would
scratch thorn and in time they got
larger, forming a scalo or scab with a
llttlo pus, and chunks of hair would
come out when I would scratch them"
off. It caused mo to loso most of my
hair. It became thin and dry and life
less. I was troubled for over ten
years with it until it got so bad I was
ashamed lo go to a barber to ?$ my
hair cut.
"I tried everything I could got hold .
of, nnd , but received no
euro until I commenced using Cuticu
ra Soap and Ointment when tho scale
commenced to disappear. Tho way 1
used tho Cutlcura Soap and Ointment
was to wash my scalp twice a day
with warm water and Cutlcura Soap'
and rub on tho Cutlcura Ointment, I
received benefit in a couplo ot weeks
and was cured in two months."
(Signed) F. J. Busher. Jam 28, 1913.
Cutlcura Soap and Ointment sold,
throughout tho world. Saroplo orjeach
trce.wlth 32-p. Skin Book. Address post-
carJ "Cutlcura, Dept. L, Boston." Adv.
. -." ' '
Quite a Shaver.
"Do you shave yourself?" he asked.
"Sometimes, when I'm not shaving
tho Ice,' replied the man on tho ice
wagon. Ura.Wltialow'a Soothing Sjrup for Cblldrea
teething, softens tlie Riims, reduces Icflatnia
Uon.allays paln.cures wind collcSSc a, IratUaJatt
How tho long hours drag from one
pay day to the next!
WOMAN REFUSES
OPERATION
Tells How She Was Saved '
by Taking Lydia E. Pink
ham's Vegetable
Compound.
Logansport, Ind. "My baby 'ma
over a year old and I bloated till! was
a burden to myself,
I Buffered from fe
malo troublo so t
could not stand oh
my feot and I felt
like millions of
needles were prick
ing mo all over. At
laJt my doctor told
me that all that
would save me w,aa
an operation, but
tlila I refnspiV T
told my husband to get mo a bottle of
Lydla E. Pinkham'a Vegetable Com
pound nnd I would try it before I would
submit to any oporation. He did so and
I improved right along. 1 am now doing
all my work and feeling fine.
"I hope other suffering women will try
your Compound. I will recommend it,
to all I know." Mrs. Daniel D. B.
Davis.HO Franklin St,Logansport,Ind.
Since we guarantee that all testimo
nials which wo publish are genuine, ia it
not fair to supposo that if Lydla E.
Pinkham'a Vegetable Compound lias tha
virtue to help these women it will help
any other woman who is Buffering .hxa
like manner?
If you are ill do not drag along until
an operation is necessary, but at onca
take Lydia E. Pinkbam's Vegetable
Compound.
Wrlto to Jjydin, E. Pinliham
Mcdicino Co., (confidential) Lynn,
Mass. your letter wil bo opened,
rend nnd answered by n woman
and held In strict confidence.
Don't Persecute
Your Bowels
Cut out catlmitlcs and purgatives.
They ere
oruiai, i.aren, unnecessary, li
CARTER'S LITTLE
JVER PILLS
Purely vrcctablc.
iciitlv on the live
lmiinnte bile, and
oothe the delicate
ncmurjncoltn
ioel. Cure,
U'liiijillon.
Biliouinrii,
& ck lltid.
iche tad Indlfesllan, is millions know.
SMALL TILL, SMALL DOSE, SMALL PRICE.
Genuine must bear Signature
rhr?zn
-GANGER SBgW
. KlM,lntereln. f o
tboottherausootGancer,Uo lllwht to rto for imUd.
t!ee4iBK. cdM, etc V (ite lo U totUy, weiulcbiaf UOji v0.
ftlBDTilDIT COSED In a few dya
liUr I UnC without pain or a aar
(leal operation. No pay untU cured, Writ
UU. WHAT, SO Ue Uliig., Ouimh, Neb.
7n
Act juastcm r.r.v-nv
I-" i 3
T.BW9UK t
(imfri&m ehitti r
0If m pills.
ul Aflr?B.-'J i
Bj UMtt'outBTop. Tub Q4. V 'JJj-F-f
latlmfc gold by Drawf. t "a
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