u.
n
ti
c
r"
r
i'TAW
40
STOPPER FOR WATER BOTTLE
Hlng Attached to Bottom Prevents It
From Being Lost No Obstacle
to Filling Bag.
Water bottle stoppers, like collar
buttons, liavo a mania for getting
;OBt, nnd without a stopper tho hot
,Ue Is about as much uso as It would
1)0 without water. It took tho com
jblncd Intellects' of n Now York man
land a Now Jersey man to Invent some
thing that would keep tho stopper
Hvhare It belonged and tho result Is
shown here. Attachod to tho bottom
'of tho stopper by a chain several
Inches long Is a ring that Is Just too
long to pass through tho neck of tho
Water Bottle Stopper.
bottle. How tho ring got there Is an
other chapter, unless It may bo nB
Burned that tho bottlo was built around
It. Tho chain Is long enough to per
mit tho stopper being taken entirely
out of tho neck of tho llask nnd of
course tho ring presents no obBtaclo
Glthsr to tho filling or emptying 0
tho roccptaclo. This may bo a little,
thing, but It is big enough to save
many peoplo tho prlco of a new wa
ter bottlo, which Is what tho loss of
the old stopper meuns.
WHAT INVENTION HAS DONE
mong Other Things In Manufacture
of Agricultural Implements Much
Manual Labor Is Saved.
In lenther manufacture modern
methods have, reduced tho necessary
nutnbor of workers from flvo to fifty
tier cent.
A carpet measuring and brushing
machine with one oporator will do t'te
work of flftoen men bjr tho old moth
'oda. In tho manufacture of flour modern
Improvements savo 75 por cent', of tho
manual labor that onco was neces
sary. In making tin cans one man and a
boy, with modern nppllancos, can do
!tho work of ten workers by tho old
process.
Ono boy, by machinery, In turning
wood work and materials for musical
Instruments, porfprms tho work of
twonty-flvo men by tho old methods,
Tn itln . ft .ill t n ntlt.A n !..... .. . . I
u mu iiifwiiMfiiiwi it ii uiMHft HUM V
snoos tno won: or goo operatives is
now dono by 100, a displacement of
wngo earners of 80 per cent, by aid of
machinery.
In the manufacture of agricultural
implements 00 operatives, with ma
chinery, Including nlghjoon classes of
wago earners, do tho work of 2,145
wngo earners without machinery, dis
placing 1,545 workers.
LATEST IN FLYING MACHINES
South Dakota Man Invents Apparatus
With Plurality of Wings, to
Propel and Ralso It.
In describing n flying machine, In
vented by M. M. Ilonstcr of Gettys
burg. 3. D., the Sclentillc American
' eays: "
An object of this iuvontor Is to pro
vide a flying machlnn with a plural
ity of wings adupted to be swung
through tho air, to simultaneously
raise and prool the machine. A
still further object is to provldo a
)& ?V I
.,rr
fcFH
Flying Machine.
machine with propolllng means, and
"with liieohaiilbm roi dilvlngtho smug.
tho mechanism having uu auxiliary
driving connection whereby an nccl
dental breakago may happen with
out destroying tho flight of tho aero
. jilano. Tho machlno Is shown hero
wlth In a front end view In clovatlon.
Comets Discovered.
Statistics collected by Ilorrelly, tho
French astronomer, show that nlnco
tho 10th century 37G cornels havo
beon discovered, or which 10C were
periodic 19 havo been seen at moro
than ono return, and 50 have beon
vlslblo to tho naked oyo, with 7 that
could bo seen In full daylight. Near
ly two-thirds of tho discoveries ap
pear to havo been mado In morning
beforo bunrlso, moro than half In tho
uecond half of the year. Tho Fronch
observatories bayp led In discoveries,
04 of tho comets having beon first do
' tected at Marseilles and 45 at ParlB,
.but only 16 at Geneva, which haii tho
.next highest rocord, 15 at Florence,
and 14 nt the Lick observatory.
Italian Aerial Malls.
Italy la experimenting with aerial
tnaUs, an aviator recently carrying a
feaok of letters 101 miles In 88 mln
sites. Prehlstorlo Cave.
In German East Africa has boon
discovered a huge cavo in a chalk
mountain, containing prehlstorlo, ro-
tnalns and antiquities of great value.
SO
fcIN
N I IUIM
1i 17 7
fAjr" '
fcg-- - I't-Ijj1
REAL ORIGIN OF THE PEARL
Most of Them Due to Parasites That
Live In Oyster's Shell Poello
' Fancy Shattered.
(Hy DIl. IH'OII M. SMITH, In the Na
tional Geographic Magazine)
For many centuries, even uiitl com
paratively rpcent times, It was the
common belief that pearls were drops
of dow that gained entrance Into tho
shell of an oyster, and woro there
transformed Into lustrous gems. Arab
and Indian divers still believe that at
certain seasons oystnrs come to tho
mirfaco and suck In tho rain-drops
that later bJconi pearls. Scloncc.
however, haB rudely shattered this
poetic fancy, nnd discovered tho real
origin to be a worm.
Wo know that nlmost any foreign
body a grain of sand, a bit of mud
or shell, a piece of ragweed or a small
animal may by Its Irritation causo
tho mollusk to cover It with nacro
and make It tho nucleus of a pearl;
but tho largest part of tho annual
pearl crop of tho world is due to para
sites thot normnlly pass a part of
their llfecyclo within tho sholl of tho
pearl-oyster.
Minute spherical Inrvne of marlno
worms known ns centodes becomo em
bedded In tho soft tissues, ns mnny
as forty having been found In ono
Ceylon oyster. As the result of Irri
tation, tho oyster forms a protecting
sac about tho Intruder, and then If tho
larva dies, Its body Is gradually con
verted Into carbonate of lime, nnd tho
pearly mass proceeds to grow with
tho shell.
If tho larva lives, It may pasB Into
the body of the strong-Jawed trigger-fishes
which proy on tho pearl
oysters, thoro undergoing fiirthor do
volopment. Ultimately It reaches tho
body of tho great rays which In turn
eat thd trlggcr-flshes. In tho rays tho
worms attain full development, nnd
produce larvae that aro cast Into the
sea and And lodgment In the pearl
oysters. Thus the cycle Is begun once
more.
Wo may literally accept tho saying
of a colobrated French Investigator,
that "111" most nontiHful pearl Is In
reality only tho brilliant sarcophagus
of a worm."
TO PREVENT WATER COOLING
Device for Keeping Water In Auto
mobile Radiator From Freezing
During 8cvere Weather.
A slmplo device Intended to pre
vent the cooling water of an automo-bllo-englne
radiator from freezing
when the car la In an unhcatcd pri
vate garage during tho cold winter
months, has been- placed on tho mar
ket by a Philadelphia concern, says
tho Popular Mochanlcs. Tho device
consists of a small gas hontor, nnd
Radiator Wnter-Heater.
an Inlot and outlet water pipe con
nected, respectively, with the drain
cock and filling cap of tho cur's radia
tor. Tho heat generated by tho gas
burner sots up an automatic circula
tion of tho wntor through tho radia
tor and cooling ByBtom of tho englno,
thus keeping It above the freezing
point
NOTES OF
SCIENCE
AND
NVENTIO
A pocket typewriter has boon in
vented. It Is not much larger than a
watch.
In Iceland ii biond Is made by
boating the flesh of dried cod Huh to
a powder
Tho per capttit euiiHiuupllon of pota
toes In this country at tho last cen
sus was four bushels.
Moving pictures of uulmals form
tnrgets In an English I'itln gnllory. tho
shots being automatically tocordod.
A patent hnB been granted for a
pnrachuto Mpuolulij doslgnod to help
a porson oscapo from a burning build
ing. A tablet weighing four ounros com
prises nn entiro menl In lliu United
States army's newest umorgency ra
tion. An Ohio Inventor's flying machlno
Is propelled by wlngH driven up and
dowu by shafts connected to Its on
Rluo. Tho Argentina govuruiiioul plans lo
placo ono of the most powerful tele
scopes In tho world In Its National
observatory.
Food and iIIbIicb may bo wormed up
on n steam radiator by iBlng a rack
for tho purpose patented by a Massa
chusetts man.
"Wo nro not eating moro, but there
aro moro of us eating, which ac
counts for tho Increased domnnd for
food products,
A Jewelry novelty for n womon Is a
chnln to hold a small bouquet, run
ning from a bracolot to a ring on Its
wearer's little linger.
For withdrawing splinters, nn Eng
lishman has patented tweezers so
formed that they press down tho flesh
each side of tho Jaws.
Army medical officers are blaming
automobiles nnd tho dust they ralso
for an Increase In pulmonary dis
eases In tho Philippines.
In this country 14,000 patonta
havo beon IsBUod covering Uio manu
facture of Bhoos and lonthor goods,
and about halt of thorn aro now In
force
In tho congested area of a town a
common fly can harbor from 800,000
to 600,000,000 bactorla, whllo In tho
suburbs It carries only upward of
20,000.
That animals havo been distributed
over tho world by tho oscillation of
Us axis, which has ohangod tho cli
mate of various lands, is a theory
advanced by a Gorman scIouUbL
mif2 I
PRESIDENT SENDS
Tells Congress About the
and Judicial Affairs of
Panama Canal and
Washington, Dec. . Congress today re
eelved from President Taft tho second of
his messages to the, short session. It
deals with nscal, military, Insular and
Judicial affairs and In part Is as follows:
Tho condition of ttin country with ref
erence to business could hardly bn Wlter.
While tho four years of the administra
tion now drawing to a clone have not de
veloped src.it speculative expansion or a
wide field of new Investment, the recov
ery and progress made from the depress
ing conditions following the panic of 1W7
have been steady and the Improvement
has been rlear and easily traced In the
statistics. Tho business of tho country Is
now on a solid basis. Credits aro not
unduly extended and every phase of the
situation seems In a state of prepared
ness for a period of unexampled prosper
ity. Manufacturing concerns nro running
at their full capacity and rtfo demand for
labor was never so constant and growing.
Tim foiitlxu trade of tho country for this
year will exceed Jt,O0O,0O0,00O, whllo the
balance In our favor that of the excess
of exports over Imports will exceed $500,
000,000. More than half our exports aro
manufactures or partly manufactured
material, whllo our exports- of farm pro
duclH do not show tho same Increase of
domestic consumption. Tt Is a year of
bumper crops: tho total money value of
farm products will exceed JJ.500.O00.0CO. It
Is n year when the bushel or unit prlco
of agricultural produrtH has gradually
fallen, and yet tbo total value of tho en
tire crop Is greater by over $1,000,000,000
than wo havo known In our history.
Condition of the Treasury.
Tho condition of the treasury Is very
satisfactory. Tho total Interest-bearing
debt Is 5313,777.770, of which J13I.G3U9S0 con
Mlulo tho Panama canal loan The non-Interest-beartng
debt Is M78,311,2S,00, In
cluding WI1.C71.0lfi of greenbacks. Wo have
In tho treasury JlM.000,000 In gold coin aa
a reserve ngalnst the outstanding green
backs, and In addition .vo have a cash
balanco In tho treasury as a general fund
of J1C7 1D2.478.W, or an Increnso of $20,975,
K2 over tho general fund last year,
Receipts and Expenditures.
For three years tho expenditure"! of the
povernnidnt havo decreased under the In
fluence of nn effort-to economize. This
year presents an apparent exception Tho
estimate by the secretary of tho treasury
of the ordinary receipts, exclusive of pos
tal revenues, for the year ending June
til. 11H. Indlrates that they will amount
to $170,000,000. The sum of tha estimates
of tho expenditures for that samo year,
exclusive of Panama canal disbursements
nnd postal disbursements payable from
postal revenues Is $732,000,000, Indicating a
deficit of $22,000,000. For the year ending
June 30, 1913, similarly estimated receipts
were $087,000,000, while tho total corre
sponding estlmnte of expenditures for that
year, mibmltted through the secretary of
(lie treasury to congress, amounted to
$Vi6,000 000. This shows an Increase of
7C,0U0,KK) In tho estimates for 1914 over
the total estimates of 1913. This la duo to
nn Increase of $25,000,000 In tho catlmato
for rivers and harbors for tho next year
on projects and surveys authorized by
congress: to nn Increase under the now
pension bill of $?.2,M0,O00; and to an In
crease In the estimates for expenses of
the navy department of $24,000,000. Tho
estimate for the navy department for tha
year 191S' Included two batt'eshlps. Con
gTess mado provision for only ono battle
ship, and therefore the navy department
has deemed It necessary and proper to
make an estlmnte which Includes the first
year's expenditure for three battleships
In addition to the amount required for
work on the uncompleted ships now under
construction. In addition to tha natural
Increase In tho expenditures for tho un
completed ships, and tho additional bat
tleship estimated for, tho other Increases
nro due to tho pay required foe 4,000 or
moro additional enlisted men In tho navy,
and to this must be added the additional
cost of construction Imposed by tho
change In the eight-hour law which
makes It applicable to ships built In pri
vate shipyards.
The president then explnlncd at somo
ItniKlli the national reserve association
system recommended by the monetary
commission and urged congrois to ex
amine tho plan Impartially from all
ntnndpolnts nnd then to adopt some
plan which will secure the benefits de
sired. Concerning tho tariff ho had llttlo to
nay In vlow pf tho fact that a, new con
gress has been elected on a platform
of tariff for rovenue only.
Army Reorganization.
Our small army now consists of 83,809
men, excluding tho 5,000 Philippine scouts.
Leaving out of consideration tho coast
rtrtlllory force, whoso position Is fixed In
our various seacoast defenses, and tho
prosent garrisons of our various Insular
possessions, we havo today within tho
continental United States a mobile army
of only about S5.U00 men. This little force
must bo still further drawn upon to sup
ply the new Harrisons for tlm great naval
bnso which Is being established at Pearl
Harbor, In the Hawaiian Islands, and to
protect the locks now rapidly approaching
completion nt Panama Th foioes r
malnltig In tho United States are now
scattered in nearly fifty posts, situated
for variety of historical reasons In
twenty-four states. These posts cnntnln
only fractions of regiments, averaging
less than "00 men each. In tlmo of poaco
It has been our historical policy to ad
minister these units separately by n geo-
Rtaphlciu organization. In other words,
our nriny In tlmu of pcoco has never been
ft Itnltfl orgnnisMlioti lint imihIv wh.
ten-il groups of companies, battalions and
rt'Clmentf, nd thn (lotl tiiHk In limn of
war has been to rreatn out of tboso scat
tered units an army fit for effective team
work, and co-operation,
To the task of meeting these patent
defects, tho war department has been ad
dressing Itself during the past year. A
comprehensive plan of reorganization was
prepared by tho war college division of
tho goncral Btaff. This plan was thor
oughly discussed last summer at a series
of open conferences held by tho secretary
of war nnd attended by reproxentatlves
from all branches of tho army and from
congrt-ss. In printed form It has been
distributed td members of congress nnd
throughout the army and tho national
guard, and widely through Institutions of
learning and elsewhere In tho Unltod
States, In It. for tho first time, we have
a tentative chnrt for futuro progress.
The National Guard.
Under existing law tho national uard
constitutes, nfter tho regular army, the
first lino of national defense. Its or
ganization, dlsclpltuu, training, nnd equip
ment, under recent legislation, havo bi-en
assimilated, ns far as possible, to those
of tho tegulnr army, and Its practical
efficiency, under the effect of thin train
ing, has very greatly Increased. Our citi
zen soldleri under present conditions
havo reached a stugo of development (be
yonrt which thoy cannot reasonably bo
asked to go without further direct as
slstanco In tho form of pay from tho fed
eral government. On thn other hand, such
pay from the national treasury would not
bo Justified unless it produced a propor
iqulvalent In additional efflclonoy on Uia
SLEEPWALKER FALLS; DYING
Man Drops Frpm New York Hotel
Window Clad Only In Hit
Pajamas.
Now York. Claronco Caberry, a
shipping clerk of Williamsburg, Is dy
ing In the Knstorn District hospital,
as tho result of a plunge from his
bedroom window in tho Pock Slip ho
tel, nroadwny and Kent avenuo.
Known to have beon occasionally
.beset with sonambullsm, tho young
ANOTHER MESSA8I
Fiscal, Military, Insular
the Nation, Including
Tolls Established.
. part of tha national guard, The organized
militia today cannot be ordered outside of
the limits of the Unltod States, and thus
cannot lawfully be used for general mili
tary purposes. The officers and men aro
ambitious and eager to make themselves
thus available and to become an efficient
national reserve of citizen soldiery. Tlfey
are the only force of trained men, other
than the regular army, upon which wo
can rely. The so-called military pay bill,
In tho form agreed on between tho au
thorities of the war department and tho
representatives of the national guard, In
my opinion adequately meets theso con
ditions and offers a proper roturn for the
pay which It Is proposed to glvo to tho
national guard. I believe that Its enact
ment Into law would be a very long step
toward providing this nation with a first
linn of citizen soldiery, upon which Its
main reliance must depend In ense of any
notional emergency. Plans for the or
ganization of the national guard Into tac
tical divisions, on the same lines as those
adopted for the regular army, aro being
formulated by tho war collcgo division
of the general staff.
Porto Itlco, Mr. Taft says, continues
to show notablo progress and he urges
the senate to pass tho bill granting the
Porto means American citizenship.
Philippines.
A bill Is pending In congress, con
tinues the message, which revolution-1
Ires the carefully worked out scheme
of government under which the rhlllp
plno Islands aro now govorned and
which proposes to render them virtu
ally autonomous at onco and absolutely
Independent In eight years. Such a
proposal can only bo founded on tho
assutnptlon that we havo now dis
charged our trusteeship to tho Flllplnp
peoplo and our responsibility for thorn
to tho world, and that they aro now
prepared for self-government ns well
as national sovereignty, A thorough
and unbliiHuil knowledge of the facts
clearly shows that these assumptions
are absolutely with Justification. As
to this, I believe that thero Is no sub
stantial difference of opinion among
any of those who havp had tho respon
sibility of facing Philippine problems
In tho administration of tho Islands,
and I bollovo that no one to whom the
futuro of this peoplo Is a responsible
concern can countennnce a. policy
fraught with the direst consequences
to those on whose behalf It Is osten
sibly urged.
Our true course Is to pursue steadily
and courageously tho path wo havo thus
far followed; to guide the Filipinos Into
Belf-sustatning pursuits; to continue the
cultivation of sound political habits
through education nnd political practice;
to encourage the diversification of Indus
tries, and to realize tho advantages of
their Industrial education by conserva
tively approved co-operative methods, nt
once, checking the dangers of concentrat
ed wealth and building up a sturdy. Inde
pendent citizenship,
Regulation of Water Power.
There are pending beforo congress a
large number of bills proposing to grant
privileges of erecting dams for the pur
pose of creating water power In our navi
gable rivers, The pendency of theso bill
has brought out an Important defoct In
the existing general dam act. That act
does not, in "my opinion, grant sufficient
power to tho federal government In deal
ing with tho construction of such dams to
exact protective conditions In the Interest
of navigation. It does not permit tho
federal government, as a condition of Its
permit, to require that a part of 'the
value thus created shall be applied to the
further general Improvement and protec
tion of the stream. I believe this to b
one of the most Important matters of
Internal Improvement now confronting
the governmont. Most of tho navigable
rivers of this country are comparatively
long and shallow. In order that they
may be mado fully useful for navigation
thcro hai como Into vogue a method of
Improvement known as canalization, or
tho slack-water method, which consists
In building a series of dams and locks,
each of which will create a long pool of
deep navigable water. At each of thepc
dams thero Is usually created u long pool
of deep navigable water. At each of these
dams there Is usually created also wnter
powci of commercial valuo. If the water
power thus created can be made available
for tho further Improvement of naviga
tion In tho stream, It is manifest that tho
Improvement will bo much mora quickly
effected on tho ono hand, nnd on the
other, that tho burden on the general tax
payers of tho country will bo very much
reduced. Private Interests seeking per
mits to building wnterpower dams In
navlgablo streams usually urge, that they
thus Improve navigation, nnd that If they
do not Impair navigation they should be
allowed to take for themselves tho en
tire profits of the water-power develop
ment. Whatever they may do by way of
rellovlng tho government of tho expense of
improving navigation should he given due
consideration, but It must be apparent
that thero may bo a prollt beyond a rea
sonably liberal return upon the private
Investment which Is a potential nyset of
the government In carrying out n cum
.prehenslvo policy of waterway develop,
ment. It Is no objection to the retention
and use of such nn asset by the govern
ment that a comprehensive waterway
policy will Include tho protection and de
velopment of the other public uses of
water, which cannot and should not be
Ignored In making and executing plans
for tho protection and development of
navigation, It Is n1 equally ol-nr tlmt
Inasmuch ns the wnter power thus ere
nteii is or may be nn Incident of a gen
ernl scheme of waterway Improvement
within tho constitutional Jurisdiction of
the federal government, the regulation of
tmch water power lies also within that
Jurisdiction. In my opinion constructive
statesmanship requires that legislation
should be enacted which will permit the
development of navigation In these grent
rlver to go hand In hand with tha util
ization of this by-projuot of wnter pow
er, created In tho course of tho samo Im
provement, and that the genet nl dam act
should be so amended as to mako this pos.
stble. I deem It highly Important that
the nation should adopt a consistent nnd
harmonious treatment of these water
power projects, which will preserve for
this purposo their valuo to the govern
ment, whose right It is to grant tho per
mit. Any other policy Is equivalent to
throwing away a most valuable national
asset.
The Panama Canal.
During tho past year tho work of con
struction upon the canal has progressed
most satisfactorily About S7 per cent of
the execavatton work has. been completed,
nnd more thai) 93 per cent, of tho con
crete for all tho locks Is In place. In
view of tho great Interest which has been
manifested ns to some slides In the Culo
bra Cut, I nm glad to say that the report
of Cot, Ooethals should allay any ap
prehension on this point. It Is Gratifying
to note that nonu of the slides which oc
curred during this year would have In
terfered with the passage of tho ships
had the canal. In fact, been In operation,
aud when the 1op pressures will bj
shipping clerk Is bollovcd to have
walked through his open window
whllo tn his sleep,
Carberry occasionally mentioned
his tendency to sleop-walklng to tho
attendants at tho hotel and said that
ho took precautions against harming
hlniBolf whllo undor tho strange In
fluence of subconsciousness.
Charles llabson, night porter, hoard
a heavy thud on the Kent avenuo side
of tho hotel nt 3 o'clock and ran out
to lnvestlgato. Ho found Carberry in
his pajamas lying op, the sldowalk.
been finally adjusted and the growth of
vegetation will minimis erosion In ths
banks of the cut the slide problem will
be practically solved and an ample sta
bility assured for the Cillebra Cut.
Although the official dale of tho open
ing tins been set for January 1, 1916, the
canal will, In fact, from present Indica
tions, be opened for shipping during the
latter half of 1313. Nn nxed date can as
yet be set, but shipping Interests will be
advised ns soon as assurances can be
given that vessels can pass through with
out unnecessary delay.
Recognizing the administrative problem
In the management of the canal, con
gress In the act of August 24, 1912, has
made admirable provision for executive
responsibility In the control of the canal
and tho government of the Canal Zone.
Tho problem of most efficient organiza
tion la receiving careful consideration, so
that a scherno of organization ojid con
trol best adapted to the conditions of the
canal may be formulated and put in op
eration as expedltlouily as possible. Act
ing under .the authority conferred on me
by congress, I have, by executive procla
mation, promulgated the following schnd
uel of tolls for ships passing through the
canal, based upon the thorough report
of Emory It. Johnson, special commis
sioner on traffic and totls: -s
1. On merchant vessels carrying pas
sengers or cargo, $1.89 per net vessel
ton each 100 cubic feet of actual capac
ity 2. On vessels In ballast without pas
sengers or cargo, 40 per cent, less than
the rate of tolls for vessels with passen
gers or cargo.
3. Upon naval vessels, other than trans
ports, colliers, hospital ships, and supply
ships, 60 cents per displacement ton.
4. Upon army and navy transports, col
liers, hospital ships, and supply ships,
$1.20 per net ton, the vessels to be meas
used by the same rulen as aro employed
in determining the net tonnage of mer
chant vessels.
Rules for tho determination of the ton
nage upon which toll rharges are based
nro now In course of preparation and
will be promulgated In due season.
Panama Canal Treaty.
The proclamation which I have Issued
in respect to the Panama Canal tolls Is
In accord with the Panama Canal act
passed by this congress August 24, 1312.
Wo hav been ndvibed that tho British
government hns prepared a protest
against the act and Its enforcement In so
far as It relieves from the payment of
tolls American ships engaged In the Amer
ican coastwise trade on the ground that
It violates British rights under tho Ilay
Pauncfot trnty concerning the Panama
Canal. When the protest Is presented, It
will bo promptly considered and an ef
fort made to roach a satisfactory adjust
ment of any differences there may bo be
tween tho two governments.
Promotion for Col. Goethals.
As the completion of the canal grows
nearer, nnd ns tho wonderful executive
work of Col. Ooethals becomes more con
spicuous In the eyes of the country and
of the world. It seems to me wise and
proper to make provision by law for such
reward to him as may be commensurate
with the service that he has rendered to
his country. I suggest that this reward
take the form of an appointment of Col.
Ooethals as a major general In the army
of tho United States, and that the law
authorizing such appointment be accom
panied with a provision permitting his
designation as chief of engineers upon"
the retirement of tho present Incumbent
of that office.
Navy Department.
Tho navy of the United States Is in
a greater state of efficiency and Is
more powerful than It has been be
fore, but In the emulation which ex
ists between different countries In re
npect to the Increase of naval and
military armaments this condition l
not a permanent one. In view of the
many Improvements nnd increases by
foreign governments the slightest halt
on our part In respect to new construc
tion thrown us back and reduces us
from a naval power of the first rank
and places lis among the nations of tha
second rank.
A year ago congress refused to ap
propriate for more than ono battleship.
In this I think a great mlstako ot
policy was made, nnd I urgently rec
ommend that this congress make up
for the mistake of the last session hy
appropriations nuthorlzlnir the enn
rtructlon of three battleships, in ad
dition to destroyers, 'fuel ships, and
the other auxiliary vessels as shown
In tho building progrnm of the general
hoard Wo nro confronted by a condi
tion In respect to the navies of tho
world which requires us, IP we would
maintain our navy as an Inninncc of
pence to nufcment our naal force by
at lenst two battleship1" a year and hy
b-ittle cruisers, gunboats, tprpedo de
stroyers, rnd submarine boats .In a
proper prorotlnn. Wo havo no deilro
for war Wn go as far ns any nation
In the -vorld t" nvold war but we are
a world power. Our population, our
wealth, our definite policies, our re
sponsibilities In the Pacific and the At
lantic, our defense of the Panama ca
nal, together with our enormous world
trade and our missionary outposts on
tho frontiers of civilization, require
us to recognize our position ns one of
the foremost in the famllv of nations,
nnd to clollm ourselves with sufficient
naval power to give force to our rea
sonable demands, and to trlve weight
to our Influence In thOBe directions of
progress that a powerful Christian na
tion should advocate.
Department of Justice.
This department has been very nrtlve
in tho enforcement ot tho law. It has
heen better organized and with ft
larger force than ever beforo In- th
history of tho government. The prose
cutions which lmv- been successfully
concluded nnd which nre now pending
testify to the nfToctlvcncss of the de
partment work
The prosecution of trusts under the
Sherman nntl-trust law has gone on
without restraint or diminution, and
decreet similar to those entered In the
Stnndard Oil nnd Tobacco cases havo
been cnterf'l I" oil""1" suits, lll;o tho
suits against the powder triml and the
l.tl. tub trust I m verv strongly con
vinced that a steadv consistent course
In this regard, with a continuing of
Supreme court decisions upon tho new
phnses of the trust question not already
finally decided. Is going to offer a
solution of this much-discussed and
troublesome Issue In a quiet, calm and
Judicial way. without any radical leg
islation changing tho governmental
policy In regard to combinations now
denounted by th Khermnn anti-trust
law. I have already recommended as
nn nld In this matter legislation which
would declare unlawful certain well
known phases of unfair competition In
Interstate trade. a.nd I have alao ndvo
catcd voluntary nntlonnt Incorporation
for the larger Industrial enterprises,
with provision for a closer supervision
by tho bureau of corporations, or a
board appointed for the purpose, so as
to mako certain compliance with the
nntl-trust law on the one hand nnd to
glvo greater security lo the etock
holders against possible prosecutions
on tho other I believe' however that
tho orderly course of litigation In the
courts nnd tho regular prosecution of
trusts charged with the violation of the
nntl-trust law is producing among
business men a clearer nnd . clearer
perception of tho lino of distinction be
tween business that Ib to be encour
aged and business thnt Is to be con
demned, and that In this quiet way the
question ot trusts can be settled and
competition retained ns nn economic
force to secure reasonableness In
prices nnd freedom and Independence
'a trade. WlLUAM II. TAFT.
Widow Has 03 Doqs.
San Francslco. Included In the
baggago of Mrs. N. Brambor, a
wealthy widow who arrived from At
lantic City, were 63 dogs, ono horse,
16 trunks, flvo bundles ot golf sticks,
five gross canine food and photograph
and tennis equipment.
Married Women Live Longer.
Denver, Colo. Figures compiled bj
John H. Upton, stato actuary, show
(hat married womon far outlive spin
stere.
WAKING FOR HEALTH
SYSTEMATIC DAILY EXERCISE A
NECESSITY OF LIFE.
Future Health of Children Depends
Largely Upon the First Years of
Their Upbuilding Fresh Air
the Vital Point.
It k really pathetic to see young
girls and women who for the want of
a little systematic dally exorclso aro
thin, pallid nud weakly. Many women
are really not what they make them
selves believe they aro. At the slight
ost exertion they say they aro fatigued
all fagged out, unablo to do anything
else for tho rest of the day. This
feeling 1b really Just a hnblt that they
have acquired and should get rid of
as soon as possible. If you want to
llvo long nnd bo healthy get the no
tion out of your head that every lit
tle thing tires you all out, and that
It is impossible to do more than n few
regular, necessary little duties every
day.
Unless a woman la bodily 111 or crip
pled there is no reason why she can
not send tho blood bounding through
all her veins In such a manner as to
stamp tho glow of health upon her en
tire body. Mothers of large families
with a household to superintend have
not much time, I know, but It Is their
duty to seo that their children take
somo form of exercise dally aside
from tho regular routine. Their fu
ture health and life depend upon It.
Dozens and dozens of sickly and con
sumptive children are being saved
yearly by hygienic habits, fresh air,
sunshlno and exercise.
It is not necessary to adopt exer
cises which take up a great deal of
tlmo unless one wishes to and hns
tho time to give, nor is it necessary
to havo all sorts of apparatus to ob
tain the best results In exorcising.
Ono of tho best built women I over
6aw told me the other day that she
exercised over since she could re
member, and never had any bought
Instruments for her work. Everything
waB home-mado. To their use and to
sunshine and pure, fresh air, she owes
nil that she Is today.
It Is an easy tiling to ndd a slmplo
exercise to one's regular toilet work
in the morning and again a little at
night before retiring. It may be just
learning to breatho properly. Yet this
alone can save you from a cold or per
haps something more serious.
In tho morning when you awake, if
possible havo comcono come into
your room beforo you rise and throw
wide your windows if they havo not
been fully open throughout tho night.
Lie limp in bed. Inhale through the
nose. Fill your lungs to tholr fullest
capacity and then slowly exhale. Do
this at least four times or six if you
wish. Just beforo retiring at night,
and without any restrictive clothing,
stand at an open window with hands
on hips, thumbs pointed backward and
while Inhaling rise slowly upon the
toes; hold the breath while counting
three, and slowly, while exhaling,
drop back upon the feet. Repeat a
half dozen times. Six minutes night
and morning is all that is necessary.
The true value of that twelve minutes
ot exercise every daT, if continued
for flvo or six months, will bo so fully
apparent that If It required twice he
amount of time you could not be
tempted to glvo It lip
If tho coming generation Is to be
strong und healthy tho present one
'must pave tho way, and to do this pa
Irents and children alike must take
sonle active exercise.
IN VELVET AND VELVETEEN
Gorgeous Wraps Are to Be a Feature
of Styles That Will Mark
the Coming Season.
Velvet and velveloen aro to be
,used again this winter in tho coinpo
sltlon of comfortable and handsome
outer wraps. Theso have many points
of usefulness, which fully ncounted
for tholr great popularity last year
'and In tho spring. They aro, how
ever, only suitable for wearing over
short skirts which do not need hold
ing up, nnd oven so they are apt to
be in tho way on muddy days, for it
is very difficult to cleanse mud Btalns
from velvet.
On the other hand, they frequently
save the troublo of changing the
dress, slnco they lend a sufllciontly
afternoon appearance to tho figure
even when they aro wotn over com
paratively plain costumes. They also
form an admirable background for
furs, with a glimpse of lace at tho
throat.
A smart model has a turned-back
collar of snllor shape not extended In
long revers to tho waist, which forms
a pleasant change On tho waist lino
it is fastened by a motif of folded
black velvet nnd braid, nnd to this
fastening it is drawn blightly up In
fullness from tho right to tho left
side. This gives It a very up-to-date
air for anybody who has tho patience
to bo eternally brushing.
Face of Serge.
If any who aro puzzled to determine
wiilch is tho right sido of serge will
follow this rule, given me somo years
ago by n workor In cloth, tho difficulty
will vanish, says n contributor to
Needlecrnft. Whenever thero nro dl
ngonnl linos In tho weavo, as In serge,
or In the pattern, as in some suitings,
these lines run from tho upper right
hand corner to tho lower loft-hnnd, on
tho right side. In many materials oth
or than serge, these diagonal lines
may be seen, such as merino, cash
mere, and even broadcloth, though not
so evident In the latter.
Window Basket.
A beautiful yet Inoxponslvo hanging
basket can bo mado by cutting off n
good-sized carrot about four inchea
from the top; hollow out tho cut ond
to form a sort of cup; put a small
stick through the carrot and hang
top down In a sunny window. Koep
the carrot filled with wnter and In a
short time the beautiful fern-llko
leaves will appear and grow up over
tho carrot, says tho Ladles' World.
Try this now and havo an attractlvo
bit of green In your window next winter.
SoaalTocm
Jilericiwwcrti
A Budget of Queries.
Will you pleaso tell mo if it is nec
essary to thank or express your pleaa
uro to a young gentleman each tlmo
after ho has taken you to a placo ot
amusement providing you havo been
going with him steady?
Also, Is It proper for a girl of eigh
teen to allow a young man to klsB
her E'nd night If she has been going
with him stendy for only four months?
Shot ' ,i gentlemnn ask to call on
a plri h tlmo ho wishes to seo her,
or it a girl's privilege to ask him
to vomo and soo her. E. S. II. and
P. J. H.
It is always polite to thank a per
son who has shown you any attention,
even If that porson bo a well-known
friend. I consider It decidedly Im
proper ,to kiss a man good night, and
ungentlcmanly In him to ask It. Ho
has no right to yjour kisses and will
respect you much moro If you hold
yourself In reserve. It Is not neces
sary to ask permission to call every
time, for among good friends It Is un
derstood that thoy aro welcome.
Questions From "Brcwn Eyes."
I am very much Interested in your
corner of tho paper and would llko
to aBk you a few questions.
' My birthday 1b In December, on the
15th. I would like to Invite a fow
of my girl friends In tho afternoon
and oomo of my boy friends in the
evening. I will bo sixteen and will
havo them come on either Saturday
or Monday.
How should I word tho Invitations?
What shall I havo for refreshments
for tho girls and boys after supper?
How should I ontertaln them.?
For this party I think I would ask
tho guests, tell the glrlB you want
them to como in tho aftomoon and
tho boys In tho evening for tho ico
cream and birthday cake.
After all have arrived why not have
charades, acting out the words, coffee
(cough fee), dramatic (drain-attic),
sinecure (sin o cure). You will And
this makes good fun.
A Suitable Toast.
Pleaso glvo me a good toast to give
at a Christian Endeavor society gath
ering. X. Y. Z.
Try this, seems to mo it ought to
do very nicely:
To those who have passed me on the
highway and gavo greeting,
To the possible friends who havo come
my way whose eyes lingered as
they fell on mine,
May they ever bo eager with yputh,
and strong with fellowship
May they never miss a welcome or
want a comrade. McGee.
Engaging the Minister.
Have read your valuablo Informa
tion in answor to questions and I
want to ask you a fow questions my
solf. When both parties concerned
In a marriage attend tho same church,
which should engage the minister to
perform tho ceremony? A. M. II.
In tho Instance mentioned, where
both go to tho samo church, I think
it would be best for the two to call
together, or the "man In tho case"
may go alone, or tho arrangements
could bo mado by a letter to the min
ister from tho bridegroom-elect.
Luncheon Menu.
I would bo most grateful If you
would outlino for mo a simple but cor
rect luncheon menu. Janet.
Bullion. Hrcndsticks.
Chicken Croquettes. Green Peas.
Creamed Potatoes. Finger Holla
Waldorf Salad.
Wafers. Neufchatel Cheese.
Ico Cream. Claret Sauco.
Small Angel Cakes.
Coffee.
Guest Book Verses.
Kindly giyc me through your column
verses sultablo for a guest book. A
Dally Header.
I think either of these quotation
suitable:
"Dear Lord, I thank thee for my
friends."
"Glvo to tho world tho best you
have, and the best will come buck to
you."
To Use Advertisements.
Will you kindly tell me how to usa
advertisements at a party as a con
test? Hy using a picturo, should thoy
know tho manufacturer? J. A.
Uso just tho picturo with tho narao
of manufacturer left off. It Is aston
ishing how much wo do not know
whon it comes to guessing '"ads," al
though thoy may bo seen every" day
and all are familiar.
MADA.MH MEIWU.
Large Flowers Worn.
In tho spring wo wero all wearing
tiny bunches of flowers. Now, with,
a graceful incongruity, we aro pin-!
ning larger bunches on our tailored!
coats and among our furs. Whoni
ovor possible these breast bouquets aro
of real flowors a cluster of carna
tions or roses. Even chrysanthc-i
mums and astors havo been worn.
though these are generally used to
adorn tho muff rather than tho per
son of the woarsr. A very pretty anct
delightfully unseasonable posy waii
mado up from brown panslea. It lj
an odd notion to woar artificial flow-i
ora In surarnor and real In winter, but!
fashion has its whims and this to
rather a charming ono. J
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