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JOHN H. REAM, Publisher
DAKOTA CITY.
NEBRASKA
J
MYTERV OF GLASS.
A correspondent recently reported
what ho dcscrlbod as tho "curious
freak" of n blackbird flying against a
parlor window many times at tho
aamo spot. Such on Incident Is not
uncommon. Birds linvo boon known
jtb light for hours at n tlmo, day after
day, with their own Imago reflected in
a pano of glass, pecking and fluttering
against tho pano and qulto exhaust
ing themselves In their fury to de
molish vq supposed rival. It Is anoth
er Instance of how tho arts or our civ
ilization corrupt and confuso the birds
It Is tho same with Ashes. Darwin tells
b story of n pike In an aquarium sep
arated by plate glass from flsh which
were Its proper food. In trying to get
at the flsh tho plko would often dash
with such vlolonco against the glas3
as to bo completely stunned. It did this
for more than three months boforo It
learned caution. Thon when tho glass
was removed the plko would not at
tack thoso particular flshos, but would
devour others freshly Introduced. It
did not nt all understand tho situa
tion, but associated tho punishment it
had received not with tho glass, but
with a particular kind of flsh. Dar
wln'B American monkeys proved them
selves moro "knowing." When they
cut thomsolvoa onco with any sharp
tool they would not touch It again or
clso would handlo It with tho greatest
caution. Thus thoy gave evidence of
tho simpler forms of reason of which
monkoys aro no doubt capable, but
birds aro evidently lacking In reason
ing powers.
Whatever may be sold of tho ex
king of Portugal, hd has a savfng senso
of humor. Incontinently dumped out
of his regal position, ho makes his
homo near London, from which van
tage point ho can watch tho efforts of
thoso who dethroned him. Tlown in his
heart, of course, thoro must bo anger
combined with regrot that ho Is no
longor tho official head of hlB coun
try; but if wo may bcllovo tho reports.
ox-King Manuol Is not eating his henrt
-out on that or any other account. Tho
-most recant International gossip that
itho duko do VIzou haa fallen hoir to
tho rolo of tho Portugueso pretender,
and is endeavoring to so interest an
American woman that she will back
up his efforts with her money (her
daughter is his wife) must amuse tho
i-.ttrrr sir- fc- ri---i rri-.
Of " , WM.MMNMM . ; : - j ;-
Star. Thoso close to him say ho is most
frank in declaring thnt ho has no anx
iety to gnln his throne ngain Just yet
Portugal, according to Rov. Dr, Castor,
who is said to know tho situation,
"will not bo a republic long." But Dr.
Caster believes that if, thot throne Is
regained It will bo for Manuol, not tho
Duko do Vlzou. Mcanwhllo tho young
Bragansa. doing bl8 own thinking,
makco uso of that excellent old' i ay
Ing: "Patlonce and shuiTIo tho cards."
Tho old quostion, "Do lightning
Tods protect?" has boon referred to
Thpraan Ai Edlijpni and Mr, Kdlson ro
plics: "Ono or moro motalllc con
ductors at least ono qunrtor Inch In
diameter of either Iron or coppor,
withput Joints, when connoctcd to a
proper amount of metallic surfaco
connected with a permanently damp
earth, will certainly protect a houso
from boing affected by lightning.
Any metallic surfaco on roofB, otc,
when connected with rods, will In
crease protection." That ought to sot
stle that.
Not long ago a Now York toa drink
er waa reported as saying that, CO
cents' worth of tea would, ranko twico
as many cups of boverago as tho same
value represented in coffee. This has
brought forth a calculation ahowlng
still moro in favor of the economy of
tea, A pound of coffee that coata the
publio 30 cents, it is asserted, will
-sake only 45 cupa of good coffoo, whllo
ft pound of tea, costing CO cents, will
mako 25 to BOO cups of toa. So tea
. .costa irom. ane-fourth to one-third, as
much as coffee.
Statistician tolls us that Edmonton,
Canada, has only two hours of actual
darkness In summer. Bibulous per
sons In that vicinity; cannot uso tho
old excucq about being afraid to so
homo in the dark.
Rov. Mr. llllburn says that Vomatf
considers horsolf tho whlto of tho egg
and clings to tho yolk, which Is man.
Sometimes an egg is found with a
double yolk.
A Washington pastor has given In
somnia us his reason for resigning.
In other words, If bo couldn't sloep
be wasn't going to stand up ovury
Sunday and watch his congregation
lumber.
A horse thief in Pennsylvania was
lerjtcnced to 20 years in prison, und a
white slaver in Now York to two
years and a flnu. Tho comparative
valuations of tho law in tho cases
dted carry their own comment
It may bo that tho awakening of
China is duo to tho Introduction of
American alarm clocks. You never
can tell.
Two Duluth hunters pursued a deer
tato the heart ot tho city and shot
(t in front of an ofllco building,
rials was exciting, but was It sport?
I Meanwhile that Chinese revolution
Miitlauea as persistently as a dog
abasing a rabbit.
PRESIDENT SAYS
ES
Chief Executive Urges Downward
Revision of Schedule K.
MESSAGE SENT TO CONGRESS
Document Upholds Protective Princi
ple But at the Same Time Most
Ardently Supports Recommen
dations of Tariff Board.
Washington. President Tnft trans
mitted to congress tho report of tho
tariff board on schedule K. Accom
panying tho report, tho chief oxecu
Uvo sent to tho national loKlslnturo
tho following mo'ssago:
To tho Senate nnd House of Renreiiinta
Uveas In my annual messaRo to concrete, Do
cembcr, 1909, I stated that under suction
3 of tho net of August 6, 1909, I had ap
pointed a tariff board of three members
to co-operate with tho state department
in tho administration of tho maximum
and minimum clause of that act, to make
a glossary or encyclopedia of the existing-
tnrlff so aa to render Its terms Intel
ligible to tho ordinary reader, and then
to investigate Industrial condition nnd
costs of production at home and abroad,
with ft view to detormlnlnjr to what ex
tent oxhtlng tariff rates actually exem
plify the protective principle, viz: That
duties should bo made adequate, and only
adequate, to equalize the difference In cost
of pioductlon nt homo and abroad.
I further stated that I believed these In
vestigations would bo of great valuo ai a
basis for nccurato legislation, and that I
should from tlmo to tlmo recommend to
congTPss tho revision of certain sched
ules in accordance with the findings of
tho board.
In the last cession of tho Hlxty-flrat con
gress a bill creating a pcrmunent tariff
board of flvo members, of whom not
moro than three should bo of tho name
political party, passed each houso, but
failed of enactment because of Blight dif
ferences on which HKifcfcment was not
reached before adjournment. An appro
priation act provided that tho permnnont
'tariff board, If crented by statute, should
report to congress on schodulo K In De
cember, MIL
Presidential Appointments.
t
Therefore, to carry out so far ns lay
within my power the purposes of this
bill for a permanent tariff board, I ap
pointed In March, 1911, a board of flvo.
adding two members of such party afflll
.atlnn as would havo fulfilled tho statu
tory requirements, and directed them to
mako n report to mo on schedulo K of
'tho tariff net In Deccmbor of this year.
Jn my messago of August 17, 1911, ac
Tcompnnylug Ihe CW ,Of the wool bill, I
sold that, In my Judgment, schedulo K
'should bo revised and tho rates reduced.
.My veto was based on tho ground that,
since tho tarlrt board would make, In
JDecombor, a detailed report on wool nnd
'wool manufactures, with special refer
ence to tho relation of tho exlutlng rates
of duties to relative costs here and
,afcrc:ul. sac!!" jniinv nnd a fair regard
to tho Interests of tho producers and the
manufacturers on tho one .hand and of
tho consumers on tho othor demanded
thnt legislation should not bo hastily en
acted In the absonce ot suoh information:
that I was not myself posiessod at that
tlmo of adaquato knowledgo nt tho facts
to detennlno whether or not tho proposed
act was in accord with my pledge to
support a fair and reasonable protective
policy; that such legislation might prove
only temporary and Inflict upon a great
.Industry tho evils ot continued uncer
tainty. Advocates Reduction of Rates.
I now herowlth' submit a roport of tho
tariff board on schedule K. The board Is
'unanimous In tut findings. On the basis
of theso findings I now recommend that
tho congress proaeed to a consideration
of this schedulo with a vlow to its revi
sion und a, general reduction of Its rates.
The report shows that the proBont
method ot assessing tho duty on raw
wool this Is, by tho specific rnto on the
grease pound, 1. o unscourod Operates to
exclude wools of high shrinkage In
scouring, but flno quality, from tho
American market and thereby lessens tho
rnngo ot wools available to tho domostlo
manufacturer; that tho duty on unsecured
wool ot 33 cents per pound Is prohibitory
and operates tp oxcludc the Importation
of clean, low-priced foreign wools of In
ferior grades, which aro nevertheless vnl
uablo material for manufacturing, nnd
which cannot bo Imported In the grease
because ot their heavy shrinkage. SUch
wools. It Imported, might ha used to dls
placo the cheap substitutes now In use,
To make the preceding paragraph n lit
tlo plainer, tnku the Instance of a hun
dred pounds of ttrst-clana wool Imported
under tlm pitwdnt duty, which is 11 "nt
a pound. That would make the duty on
the hundred pounds $11. The merchan
dise part of the wool thus Imported Is
tho weigh! of tha wool of this hundred
pounds after scouring. It the wool
nhrlnkn SO per cont., aa soma wool does,
then tho duty In such a cosa would
amount to $11 on 0 pounds of scoured
wool. This, of courso, would bo prohibi
tory. If the wool shrinks only DO per
cent, It would bo $11 on CO pounds ot
wool, nnd this Is near to tho average of
the great bulk of wools that are Imported
from Australia, which Is the principal
scare? of n,,r litiMiitj wool.
Then discriminations could be over
born by assessing a duty In art valorom
terms, but this method Is open to the ob
Jectlon. first, that It Increases administra
tive difficulties and tends to decrease
revenuo through undervaluation; und.
second, that as prices ndvance, the nd
valorem rnto Increases the duty per pound
at the tlmo when the consumer most
needs rcliof nnd the producer can best
stand LotninilUIon, while If priori de
cline tho duty Is decreased nt tho time
when the consumer Is least burdened by
the prion and the producer most needs
protection.
Method That Meets Difficulty.
Another method of meeting the diffi
culty of taxing the grease pound Is to as
cess ii specific duty on grease wool In
terms of Its scoured contont. This obvi
ates tho chief ovll of the present system,
namely, tho discrimination duo to differ
ent shrinkages, and thereby tends great
ly to equaltzo tha duty. The board re
ports that this method Is feasible In prac
tice and could bo administered without
great oxpensjv
Tho roport shows In detail tho difficul
ties Involved In attempting to statu In
categorical tonus tho cost ot wool pro
duction and tho great differences In cost
as between dlfforont regions and different
types of wool. It Is found, however, that,
taking all varieties In account, the aver
ago cost of production for the whole
American clip Is higher than tha cost In
1)io chief competing country by an
amount somewhat less thnn tho present
duty.
jim rupun snows mat mo nuues on
noils, wool wastes, and shoddy, which aro
Tno roport shows thnt tho duties on
Exploded Fiction.
Tho long proyalent bcllof that the
ourfaco of tho planot Mara is covered
with a net ot Interesting straight linos,
commonly referred to aa canals, is now
abandoned. Tho 'lines' aro rows of
upota." Atlanta Qoorglan.
Depends Somewhat.
A doctor suys it Is easy to tell a
woman's ago by fooling bor pulso. But
wouldn't thero always ho danger that
the man might fall in lovo beforo he
could count a hundred? Exchango.
I
100 HIGH
adjusted to the rata of 33 cent on
scoured wool, ore prohibitory In the same
measure that the duty on scoured wool
is prohibitory. In general, they ore as
sessed at rates as high as, or higher
than, tho duties paid on tho clean content
of wools actually Imported. They nkould
bo reduced and so adjusted to tho rate
on wool as to bear their proper proportion
to the real tale levied on tho actual wool
Imports.
8ome Duties Prohibitory.
The duties on many classes of wool
manufacture are prohibitory and greatly
In excess of the difference In cost of pro
duction hero Jtnd abroad. This Is true of
jops, of yarns (with tho exception of
worsted yarns of a very high grade), and
of low und medium grade cloth of heavy
weight.
On tops up to 62 cents a pound In value,
and on ynrns of C5 centn In value, the
rate Is 100 per cont., with correspondingly
higher rates for lower values. On cheap
and medium gradu cloths, tho existing
rates frequently run to ISO per cent, and
on some cheap goods to over 200 per
cont
On tho other hand, tho findings show
thm tlm dutiKH whluh run to sues hizh nn'l i
tho goods are not Imported, but that tho
prices of domefltlc fabrics are not raised ,
by the full amount of duty. On u set of i
ono yarH samples of 16 English fabrics,
which are completely excluded by tho
present tariff rates, It was found that tho
total foreign valuo was $41.S4; the duties i
which would have been assessed had thesa I
fnbrlcn been Imported, $76.90; tho foreign
value plus thc amount of the duty, $118.74; I
or a nominal duty of 183 per cent. In fact, I
however, practically Identical fabrics of
domestic make sold nt tho same time at
5C3.75, showing an enhanced price over the I
foreign market value of but 67 per cent 1
Would Reduce Duties. !
Although theso duties do not Increase
prices of domestic goods by anything llko
their full nmount, it Is none the less true
thnt such prohibitive dutcs eliminate the
possibility of foreign competition, even In
tlmo of scarcity, so thnt they form a temp
tnton to monopoly and conspiracy to con
trol domestic prices; that they are much
In excess of the difference In cost of pro
duction hero nnd abroad, nnd that thoy
fchould bo reduced to a point which ac
cords with the principle.
The findings of tho bonrd show thnt In
this Industry tha nctunl manufacturing
cost, aside from tho question of tho prlco
of materials, Is much higher In thts coun
try than It Is abroad: that In tho making
of yarn and cloth the domestic woolon
and worsted manufacturer has In general
no ndvnntngo In tho form of superior ma
chinery or more efficient labor to offset
tho higher wages paid In thla country.
Tho finds show that the cost of turning
wool into y in ii In this country Is about
double that In tho leading competing
country, and that the cost of turning yarn
Into cloth Is somewhat moro thnn double.
Under tho protectlvo policy a grcnt Indus
try, Involving tho welfnro of hundreds ot
thousands of peoplo has been established
despite these handicap v
In recommending revision and reduc
tion I therefore urge that action bo tn
ken with these facts In mind, to the end
that an Important and established Indus
try mny not bo Jeopardized.
The tnrlff board reports that no equltn
blo method has been found to levy, purely
specific duties on woolon and worsted fab
rics, and that, excepting for n compensa
tory duty, the rate must be ad valorem
on such manufactures. It Is Important to
realize, however, that no Hat ad valorem
rato on such fabrics can bo mado to work
fairly und effectively. Any single rate
whlah la high enough to equalize tho dlf
forenco in manufacturing cost nt homo
and abroad on highly finished goods In
volving Buch lnbor would bn prohibitory
on cheaper goods. In which tho labor cost
l smaller prcpsrtlon n "tni value.
Conversely, a rate only adoquato to equal
ize thin difference on cheaper goods would
remove protection from tho fine goods
manufacture, tho Increase In which haa
boon ono of tho striking features of tho
trade development In recent years. I
therefore recommend that In nny rovtslon
the Importance ot a graduated scale of ad
valorem dutlps on cloths bo carefully con
sidered nnd nppllod.
Pralces Work of Committee.
I venture to sny that no legislative
body has over had present eil to It a more
complete nnd exhuutiUVe leport than this
on so difficult nnd complicated a Bubjcct
as tho rclatlvo costs of wool and woolens
the world over. It Is a monument to tho
thoroughness, Industry, Impartiality and
accuracy ot tho mon engaged In Its ma
king. They were chosen from both polit
ical partlcB, but have allowed no partisan
spirit to prompt or control their Inquiries
They aro unanimous In their findings. I
feel nuro that after the report has been
printed nnd studied tho value of such u
compendium of exact knowledgo In re
spect to thts schedulo of the tariff will
convince all ot the wisdom of making
such u board permanent. In order thnt
It mny treat each schedule ot the tariff
as It hu8 treated this, and thon keep Its
bureau ot Information up to dato with
current chungea In tho economic world.
It Is no part of tho function of the tar
iff board to proposo rates ot duty. Their
function Is merely to present findings of
fact on which rates ot duty may bo fairly
determined In the light of adoquato
knowledge In accordance with tho eco
nomic policy to bo followed. This Is what
the pr3ont report does.
Tho findings of fact by the board show
amplo reason for the revision downward
of Bchedulo K, lriuccuid with tho pro-"
tcctlvo principle, and present the data
as to relative costs and prices from which
muy bo dotormlnod what rates will fairly
equallzo the difference In production costs.
I recommend that such revision bo pro
ceeded with ut once.
(Signed) WILL.IAM II. TAKT.
Tho Whlto House, Deo. 20, 1911.
Napoleon's Model Library.
In view Of tho recent talk about
limiting tho slzo of libraries by de
stroying tho ruhhiah, it la Interesting
to romctnbor that Nnpoloou oncu tiled
to mnko a list ot all tho books in tho
world which wore worth preserving.
Ho bollovod when ho sat down to his
tnsk that u thousand volumes would
sufllce; but tho list grow under his
hniuls nnd ultimately included throo
thousand volumes. Evon so, however,
thcro were oiulbblona of which Lord
HoBtiber;' nnd Mn Edmund Gosso, as '
well as tho general render, would hnvo
boon llkoly to complain. When tho (
omporor ennio to look over his first j
list, ho found that ho had unaccount
ably loft out tho Olblo. In his second i
list ho forgot to mention not only
Virgil nud Shnkespcaro but very
curiously Molloro.
Nothing the Matter.
Canvasser -Aro you single
Man at tho Door Y03.
"Why, tho pooplo next door told mo
you wore married,"
"So I am."
"You told mo Just now you wero
single."
"Yea; so I did."
"Well, what is tho matter with
you?"
"Nothtnc. clr. Mv namo la Slncln.
i ;; , V ---
I and I'm mnrrled. Good day, sir."
Imposed Upon.
Several employes received tholr mall
at tho ofllco of the firm, Ono woman
wan Interestedly rending a postal card
from tho morning bntch. Finally uho
turned it over to tho address sldo.
"Hub," she said in a disappointed tono,
"This la for mo." Success,
Seems Foolish to Him.
Tho man In an automobllu finds it
difficult to understand why peopUj
should grumblo bocauso thc walking U
poor,
Jl OLDER
Tho Lid Down Tight on Young Egypt
Great Britain, Following Roose
velt's Advice, Pursues Sterner Meas
ures With Egyptian Nationalists.
Cy WILLIAM T. ELLIS.
Cairo, Egypt. Thanks to Theodoro
Itoosevelt tho nttcntlon of tho whole
world, oven of tho man of tho street,
lias been directed to tho interesting
ftn-t dm' th fomnnlonro of centuries
i,i, ..... . . ., ,
broken, nnd thnt unrest, self-conBcIous
unu actively directed, Is tho present
outstanding characteristic of the pollt
Seal life of this oldest of living na
tions. Ttathcr strangely, this very in
terest on tho part of a visiting Ameri
can did moro to quell tho unrest thnn
nny other factor, for Mr. Roosevelt's
famous advice to tho Dritlsh to deal
moro vigorously with tho agitators
was straightway followed by a policy
of sternness thnt has not since been
relaxed,
The result 1b that all tho Dritlsh
(and especially thoso who hold "Egyp
tlan shares) aro enthusiastically
grateful to Mr Roosevelt, while tho
Egyptian nationalists hato him with
an Oriental intensity such as none of
his political enemies at homo aro ca
pable of feeling. Mcanwhllo tho situ
otlon continues well in hand. Sir Ed
win Gornt announced, shortly after
tho distinguished American visitor
had gone, that his former policy or
leniency had been a mistake, and that
henceforth severer measures would
be tho rule. Now tho lid Ih down
tight. Tho nationalists can no longor
wrlto nnd spenk as thoy please. Meet
ings are held only under restrictions
nnd Piirvolllnnco. Somo of tho leaders
have been sent to Jail for their sedi
tious utterances. Demonstrations can
no longer bo held at tho pleasure of
tho agitators. Complalnto aro very
bitter that tho latter cannot get their
grievances before the. public.
British Rule Threatened.
Interested observers statesmen,
stock brokers, missionaries do
claro that prior to tho stiffening
up of tho government's backbone by
Mr Itoosevelt tho rule of Great Brit
ain was really in peril. Assassinations
piul riots wr both growing alarm
ingly frequent. Moro than onco tho
army of occupation had to bo paraded
in order to overawe tho turbulent pop
ulace. Residents felt apprehensive of
a fanatical outburst of tho notoriously
inflnmmablo Cairo mobs, who cared
less for nationalist principles than for
disorder and loot These fears were
In largo measuro removed by Sir Ed
win Gorst'B surrender of his policy
of tolerance and conciliation, nnd by
his firmer measures.
I Theoretically tho Egyptian natlonal
ista have the best of cases. Their plea
) is tho old American ono for tho right
oi seu-goverumenu xney want relief
from a government which they say,
truly, Is only a usurper. Great Brit
tin's control Is only by right of might
nnd possession. Tho country is nomi
nally under tho ouzernlnty of Turkey.
The British occupation Is, by Brit
ish avowal, only temporary. But it
will bo many'a long day beforo Great
Britain moves out. When she nnd
Franco stormed Alexandria, and it
uccamo necessary for somo strong
power to remedy tho prevailing condi
tion!; of anarchy, tho task devolved
upon Great Britain, acting In bohalf
of tho causo of International order.
Her answer to tho othor nations, and
to tho Young Egypt party, Is that tho
country is not yet ready to resume
tho taBk of governing itself. Now tho
government frankly Is assuming an
enlarged degreo of authority and re
sponsibility and diminishing tho pow
er in tho hands of nntlves. This, of
courso, is in tho faco of sedition in
Egypt proper and in vlow of rnthor
alarming rumors of sedition among
tho native troops in tho Sudan. When
Lord Kitchener recently visited Egypt
and tho Sudan, ostensibly for sport.
It Is known that ho called together
nil tho resident officers who had over
sorved under him and went over tho
situation in tho Sudan with them.
Somo British Blunders.
In all tho accusations thnt were
made against tho British by tho na
tionalist leaders w,hom I interviewed I
dotfctetl a note of personal resent
ment, or oneuuud atiiiblbintk-s, Appar
ently tho most fundamental of tho
British mistakes and I count it really
serious is that tho dominant power
has not been conBldorato of tho feel-'
Ings of tho natives of tho land. With
characteristic British tactlessness, tho
i authorities hnvo sought to help
the
Make Bread
French Machlna Transforms the
Wheat Directly Into Dough
Loaves Are Filled With Holes.
In Franco bread has boon mndo
without Hour in a machine that trans
forms tho whoat directly Into dough.
This mnchlno shows a largo scrow
turning loosely in a caso on tho Inner
surfaco of which is a screw thread
running In an opposlto direction.
Between the main threads on tho
cylinder are smallor threads and tho
depths of tho groovo becomes progres
sively smaller from ono ond to tho
other, so that It will hold tho entire
wheat grain as It enters tho machine,
nt tho snmo tlmo accommodating only
tho pulverized wheat at tho oxlL
Tho whoat is prepared by a thor
ough washing, nftor which oporatlon,
says Harper's Wookly, about a pint of
tepid wator to a pound of grain is
added, tho wholo mixture being nl
lowed to stand somo six hours. Then
tho grains of whoat hvo swollen to
twico tholr ordinary slzo.
Tho ralxturo la then troatod with
yeast nnd Bait and Is poured Into tho
mnchlno. It falls betweon the threads
of tho moving scrow nnd ot tho flxod
contrary scrow, which simultaneously
crush tho envelope and body of thn
grain, making ot them r. homogeifeous
people, without at all trying to please
them. When a measure was doomed
for tho nation's welfare it was adopt
ed, often in a way thai ran roughshod
over tho people's sensibilities. In a
word, the British havo very often dlo
played bad mannors in dealing with
the Egyptians. As ono adviser, or
nsslstant to a minister, put It to mo,
"My minister upstairs Is qulto a do
cent fellow" no attempt being made
to conceal tho fact that tho Britisher
was tho real power behind tho throne,
and thnt his superior officer was only
"my minister."
There is n great deal of "tho public
bo dimmed" attitudo about thc British
official In colonial service, nnd small
attention Is paid to explaining a
courso or conciliating tho publio.
When men misunderstand and protest,
tho British havo tiB much as said, "Let
them howl." If tho authorities had
yielded oftcnor on minor points, con
ceding many rnHy trivial demands of
tho nationalists, and explaining pa
tiently tho present impracticability of
others, the ominous nationalist move
ment, so far as it is bona flde, would
have had scarcely a leg to stand upon.
Tho bull-doggy attitudo of tho admin
istration is not necessary to real firm
ness. The Donkeys Favor British Rule.
Tho substantial and manifest advan
tages of British rulo aro better lllus-
W',ry
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A Mosquo Near
trated than explained at length. Tho
donkeys of Egjpt, for instance, would
vote unanimously for the present re
glmo if tho suffrage wero extended to
them. The simple reason is that it is
now against tho law for a man to uso
a beast with a sore back. Tho police
man may stop nny donkey, camel or
horso on tho highway, remove its load,
and If Its back is raw arrest the
drlvor.' Thero aro even policemen
for thlB special purpose. Tho great
significance of this instance lies In the
fact that tho Moslem seems to delight
in ill-treating and half-starving his
animals, and any European or Ameri
can travelers through iBlamlc coun
tries is in a constant state of indig
nation over the soro backs of most of
tho beasts. Now In Egypt tho Brit
ish havo replaced these usages with
tho standards of civilization.
Another straw a wholo haystack ot
ptrawB, in fact which shows tho
trend of tho new times is tho fact
that the natives aro no longer allowed
to torment travelers for backsheesh.
Egypt without Its swarm of beggars
and psoudo guides, crying "back
sheesh," Is almost Inconceivablo to
the travelers who know only the
Egypt of a few years ago. This ralr
uclo haB been wrought. Signs have
been posted in trains, hotels, on ships
and at the principal sltos, urging trav
elers to do their part in saving the
peoplo from this pauperization. In the
snmo category might bo mentioned
tho dispensaries to deliver tho land
from tho curse of soro eyes nnd con
sequent blindness.
Tho Bedouins hnvo been made tract
able, tho safety of tho wholo rountry
haa been assured, and tho wclfaro and
prosperity of tho people sought in ev
ery concelvablo way. Tho Nile dams
and Improved irrijvitlon, which havo
enabled tho fellah to mako a good liv
ing, in tho possession of which com
petence tho government safeguards
him, aro Jn themselves sufficient Jus
tification for tho British occupation.
Old residents of tho east have called
my attention to tho fact that 25 years
Without Flour
w
mixture thnt forms n smooth paste.
Bread mado by th!c process con
tuins a succession of holes' whoso sizo
increasos as they appronch tho crust,
which Is thin. The odor given off Is
snld to especially agreeable.
Who Owns Orkneys and Shetland?
It is not porhnps genernlly known
that an opinion oxprossed, half humor
ously, by Lord Salveson at tho open
ing of tho Norso gallery in tho Scot
tish exhibition in Glnsgow with regard
to tho ownership of tho Orkney nnd
Shetland islands is fortified by very
high authority. His lordship, "speak
ing as a lawyer," Is not suro whether
tho Islands do not bnlong to Norway
still, and thinks that legally tho crown
of Norway, if prepared to pay tho
money for which thoy wore pledged,
with Interest "for 300 years," would
bo entitled to redeem them. As n mat
ter of fact, plenipotentiaries assem
bled at Breda hi 1GCS (a couplo ot
centuries after ttto islands had como
Into tho possession of tho Scottish
crown) decided not only that tho
right of rcdoptlon had not then been
barred by tho lnpso of time, but that
it was lmprcscribablo. Tho islnndi
wero pledged in 146S, so that interest
Ib duo for nearly four and a half cen
turies Westminster Gazette
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ago Syria was n model of prosperity,
whllo Egypt was bankrupt, and In tho
grip ot all that goes with Oriental des
potism. Today Egypt's prosperity la
far ahead of anything Syria has over
known, and educated young Syrian
men by tho hundreds And employment
In Egypt nnd tho Sudan. All this la
clear testimony to tho beneficence of
British rule.
The Moslem Menace.
A diligent study of conditions In
Egypt leads me to tho conviction, that
tho real root of the whole unrest lies
In tho seemingly ineradicable antipa
thy between Modems nnd Christians.
It Is less becnuso Great Britain is a
foreign power In Egypt than that it 1b
a Christian power which makes it ob
jectionable For thirteen centuries
Egypt has been under a Moslem gov
ernment; now to And herself under
Christinn rulo Ib galling to the faith
ful. Such mon as Sheikh Shawllsh,
tha nationalist lender recently out of
prison with tho halo ot martyrdom on
his brow, frankly avowed to mo that
tho nationalists look forward to Turk
ish sovereignty. Ho said that it was
becauso Great 'Britain was scared by
the success of constitutional govern
ment in Turkey, and tho knowledgo
that Turkey would never bo content
to lot Egypt remain out of her hands,
that tho British stirred up this buga
boo of sedition. He says that. In ter-
4
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Cairo, Egypt.
ror of consequences, tho British havo J
strengthened their forces at tho Gulf
of Akbar, putting only Englishmen In
command, and aro preparing to resist
Turkey's expected attempt to compel
tho return ot Egypt to its rightful su
zerain. All of which is merely an indication
of the allegiance ot Young Egypt to
tho caliph. It is eaid that nil Mos
lems say "my sultan" in npeaking of
tho ruler of Turkey. No Moslem ia
counted a foreigner; no Christian is
counted a brother. Tho pertinent
point Is made I have It from a Cairo
editor that if the nationalists sin
cerely stood for "Egypt for tho Egyp
tians" they would give the Copt a
show, for ho is the slmon-puro Egyp
tian. Aa a matter of fact, the Copta aro
solidly opposed to the plans and
methods of tho nationalists. They say
that it is merely a subtlo form of tho
old pan-Islamic propaganda, and that
what Is really intended is to restoro
tho temporal power of the religion of
tho Prophet; when it would bo good
bye to the liberty and equality which
tho oft-persecuted Copts now enjoy
under British rule. A rather sinister
fact Is pointed out In this connection.
Tho prime minister who wa3 assassi
nated by tho nationalists was u Copt
that Is, an Egyptian of tho ancient lin
eage but tho present pi line minister
is perfectly acceptable becauso he is
a Moslem, though he is a Turk and a
foreigner.
Despite the dreams nnd ceaseless
plottlngs of the pan-Islamlsto, thc now
movement In Egypt will fall. Only
fixo or six per 'cont. of tho people can
bo said to be at all affected by it, tho
nationalist leadors themselves told
mo; and in the faco ot tho spirit of
tho times, tho justice and prosperity
which prevail n th land, ami tho
modern education of a steadily in
creasing number of tho young people,
it is not likely that reaction can pre
vail. Nono the loss, international pub
lic sentiment will demand of Great
Britain here, as In India, a more sym
pathetic and conciliatory method of
dealing with "the peoplo of tho land,
and a readiness to accord th Ti all
tho solf-govcrnment for which fiov
arc prepared Tho tldo of dc-iocr
which is sweeping around thc world
cannot bo stayed.
(Copyright. 1911. by Joseph 13. Bowles.)
Russian Mulberry In Pennsylvania.
A Russian mulborry tree, a rarity in
tho North Tier, on tho farm of A. D.
McElroy, near Antes Forte, Ib being do
prlved of its fruit. The borrles re
semble and tasto like blackberries, ex
cept that thoy are much sweeter. A
canvas sheet is spread under tho
spreading limbs and they nro gently
sunken and give down their wealth of
fruit.
This particular treo will yield, it 'a
estimated, about soven btttrtiela. Tho
slight Jolting proceBS Is repeated dally
to brlns iuwn tho rlpost fruit till tho
crop Is gathorod. Lawrcncevillc Cor
respondence Philadelphia North Amerl
can.
Judicial Humorist.
Judges on tha bench have been as
saulted. A litigant one threw an ecg
at tho late Vlco-Chancollor Mallns t'n
an English court. -The judge had the
presence of mind to duck his bead,
and at tho samo tlmo lie established
a reputation as a humorist by remark
ing that tho present must havo been
Intended for his brother Bacon, tho
vice-chancellor, who was sitting in an
adjoining court
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Offi1
HeteT
I I I Till II I iw Illll HIIIWsJtM ! IIIIIWIWI II
MAKING THE CITY BEAUTIFUL
SomG New Ideas That Have, Beenfl
Adopted by the Municipalities
of Europe.
European cities nro discarding tho
checkerboard street plan, says the
New York World. Paris kd tho way
In Napoleon III.'s time when Baron
HauBsmann, prefect of tho Seine,
build groat boulovards and avenues by
the. hundred, Laid out diagonal avenues
between important points ami con
structed engirdling boulevards. The
sum of $240,000,000 was spent In this
work, and last year it was decided to
devote $175,000,000 more thoroto,
London has dono a similar but
smaller work to King's-Wny. The
German cities are following neither
the checkerboard nor tho radial ave
nue, ring boulovnrd plan. Their new
streets wind perceptibly bo as to open
fresh vistas and permit of collateral
effects of parking and statuary.
Instead of locating tholr public
buildings at random, the capitals of
Europo arrange them wJth relation to
each other and to somo park, open
spaco or boulevard, so that they con
tribute to ono central effect. The fin
est Is tho Rlngstraaso of Vionne, and
other notable examples are Berlin's
Untcr den Linden and Lustgartcn,
Moscow's Kremlin, Dresden's Zwin
ger, the Louvre region of Paris and
tho Grande Place of Brussels.
In Dresden citizens havo undertak
en to fnduce every landlord and ten
ant to "decorate yards, buildings and
casements with plants, vines, shrubs
and window boxes. The authorities
have co-operated by decorating muni
cipal buildings, nnd at a small expen
diture tho summer aspect of tho city
has been transformed.
The color sense has been Indulged
in all Russian cities Building ex
teriors aro of plaster to protect tho
brick from the frott nnd every year
these are repaired and repainted", and
red, blue, buff, green, white and gilt
diversified with mosaics aro success
fully employed.
Every important European city has
regulations restricting tho height of
buildings, the width of balconies, the
projection of cornices, tho size of win
dows, and tho character of lamps,
signs, awnings, fences and doorways.
AID IN STUDY OF BOTANY
California Newspaper Pleads for Es
tablishment of Special Garden
for
Tho especial necessity of a botan
ical garden must appeal to us all.
Every ono having a DO or 100-foot lot,
who Is trying to establish a beautiful
home nraong U3, must have wished at
some tlmo to make this homo attrac
tive by planting choice trees and
shrubs about it, and would llko the
plants to be a little different, pohaps
more beautiful, than tho common ones
to be seen around him. Not, however,
having seen more than an occasional
tree In n neighbor's garden that he
partlcularly fancies, and having no
means of learning the correct name,
ho must bo content with what tho
nurseryman ehoses to offer him, and
if it should be some new and rare
variety, ho Is Ignorant as to what slzo
It will attain, whother ho will like the
flowers, what spaco it will require to
fully develop its individual beauty,
and under whnt conditions it will
flourish.
All theso questions would bo an
swered by a visit to n botanical gar
den, which would bo a botanical dic
tionary with the most exquisite and
truthful colored plates, colored by the
hand of nature A lettered board
would glvo tho name, family, species
and native home. Wo would learn
how very few of the thousands of
beautiful things ffe here onjoy. Los;
Angeles Times.
Demand for Good Streets.
With tho general use of the automo
bllocanie tho demand for tho best of
streets and roads, a demand that can
not bo suppressed and will not bo de
nied. Tho moro ono loves nature, tha
more he appreciates that which en
ables him to see the most ami best ot
it. In the nutomobile, on a good street
or road, one Is able to enjoy th h"nu
ties of both garden nnd field, unham
pered by clouds of dust or the rud
jostllngs Incident to travel over
"natural" (?) dirt roads. Wo have to
thank tho automohllo for our present
good roads, and many havo to thnnlc
the good roads for having an automo
bile (Intact).
Uniform Planting.
Tho trees upon each street should
bo of ono kind, equal distances npart
and, If in ordinary parkways, in a
straight lino. When wo got really
sensiblo In street building wo shall
hayo narrow driveways In resldonce
districts, with correspondingly wider
parkways, Then shall wo havo Infor
mal plantings of street troes and
shrubbery masses, with all subjects
enjoying perfect health through belna.
In nearly nntural conditions as regard
air, wator and surrounding vegetation,
grass, etc.
Boosts Oil Roads.
At tho time the old sprinkling sys
tem was first talked of a good many
taxpayers were opposed to It, but It Is
a safo prediction that it would bo hard
to find a man now who wouUl not voto.
for It again. Every street in tho villagoi
has been perfectly free from dust all)
summer end tho cost of oiling the en
tiro vlllngo was not much moro thani
tho few peoplo used to pay for having)
a fow of tho principal stroots sprin
kled every day with water. Palmyra)
Courier.
No Doubt About That.
"Come aloug downtown with me,
Mabel."
"But I have no money wjth mo."
"What's tho dlfferonco? Two can
shop as cheaply as one."
C"H-
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