9ps aecfst ecfvice y
3
intai)' k xi iu -ansa"- rmtwtm
, .u?ahitnwrtrT
Oil
Sh. V
Serreoy Is closely shadowed by v riioin--r. is so
often allied with nets mankind abhors, that instinctive
ly men shrink from all concealment sni' their own. The
tuore fait that n thing l'iu-i bo hidden, that It must
lie kept In n twilight zone, and Is afraid of sunlight, mid
insiKNtl.nl, presupposes that which in evil u:d shameful.
Yet secret service Is an ancient mid a necessary lnsiltn
tlon. Since Musis siiil twelve liu-n Into Canaan to In
vestigate, condilh ns and to bring him a rep rt eoni-crn-lns
tho hind, Miry govi rnuiont ha made use of the;
service of Infonnus. In war time thu necessity Is rec
ognized. Early In the history of Hip Aumlcan republic Congress
appropriated $:HMMiO Ik he expended for secret service
abroad. This was drawn from tin treasury by the di
rection of the Prosidonl, without any voucher except
the cortlMente of (lit- Secretary of State. During t lu;
Mexican war $.".( . U was appropriated to be sinnt under
the direction of the President. .Much of it was expended
for the "hire of irtorpri tors, uplcs mid guides for the
army." Iu a suspo.Jod account of General Butler's dur
ing Uie civil war an Item for Jf.iO paid for a hand organ
and monkey was disallowed until he explained that they
were purchased to rim hi" a young nfliocr, who wns n
linguist, to work his way into Washington disguised as
an Italian organ grinder.
When tho civil war broke out It found Washington
filled with Southern sympathizers. Among theni were
women of wealth and push ion, who laid various avenues
of access to the plans of the government. Just before
the first battle of Hull K'.'.n one of these, Mrs. Roso
Greenhow, obtained from a 1'nifod States Senator In
formation concerning the strength of the federal troops,
which she sent to general Bfiurog ird. As reward she
received from the Confederate adjutant, the message:
"Our President and ( in- General direct ine to thank you.
We rely upon you for farther information. The Confed
eracy owes you a debt."
' Women haunted the doors of otllelal departments in
the Capitol, stole maps and plans, burned signal lights,
and when captured In ",'iii!cd the otlleers placed in charge.
It became necessary to organize n special detective sys
tem of espionage at Washington for the protection of
the government against disloyalty. The methods of
those wartime detectives led to bitter criticism. Kven
no staunch n Northerner as Senator Sumner wrote a
letter to the President remonstrating against the treat
ment of one of his triends und constituents. Franklin W.
Smith of New York.
Before the employment of these war-time detectives
the government had recognized tbe fact that it must
maintain n corps of trained investigators to cope with
violators of the national laws counterfeiters, smugglers,
moonshiners. In 1st 10 Slo.OtM) wns appropriated for the
suppression of counterfeiting, to he spent under the di
rection of the Secretary of the Treasury. The large
issues of government bills, made necessary by the war,
offered fresh temptation to this especial crime. In July,
lSIVI, the appropriation w; increased to $li)0,(KH. The
Solicitor of the Treasury v:w given the supervision and
direction of the work of ferreting out the counterfeiters,
and so gathered about him a corps of men experienced
in criminal investigation. This led to the establishment
of the work ns a permanent bureau, and though other
depart mt nls of the federal government employ experts
for tho detection of sped lie offenses and though the op
erations of the special agents of the Post Ollice Dopart
luent, of the Internal Kevcnue Bureau and of the In
spectors of Customs are conducted lu recrct, the olllelal
designation "secret service" has been narrowed so that
It Is applied only to that branch or bureau of the Treas
ury Department charged primarily with tbe duty of
protecting good Americans from bad money.
The tvpe of the work covered by the secret service of
tin? Treasury Department gradually enlarged until, as
shown by President Eoosevclt's last annual message, it
covered every form of Inquiry set on foot to reach sus
pected wrongdoers. Soon lifter Its organization as a
bureau secret service operatives were iut rusted with tho
duty of protecting the person of the President. They
have been of use in exposing land frauds, In securing
evidence to abolish lotteries. In preventing smuggling,
In detecting illicit distilling, In excising the cotton report
leak In the Department of Agriculture, in Investigat
ing naval oflicers, nnd, if Dame Humor he not a lying
Jade. In watching Congressmen. Put, for the present, at
least, the obnoxious provision which prohibits detailing
men from the secret Borvlce restricts the work of the bu
reau to the apprehension of counterfeiters and the pro
tection of the chief executive.
The heiwlquartors of the secret service are lu the
Treasury building In Washington. Here are the prlvnte
nflices of the chief of the division. John E. Wilkle, and
his assistant, William Herman Moran. Mr. Wilkle is on
Illinois man. In February, ISDN, he was upKintrd chief
of the secret service hy Lyman. J. Gage. Almost Immedi
ately he organized n special emergency force of men to
checkmate! Spanish npies during the Spanish-American
war. Through his efforts Spanish emissaries were driven
from this country nnd some of their sides arrested.
The personnel of the secret service must for obvious
reasons be unknown to the public. The United States 1
divided into twenty-eight secret service districts, each
in charge of an operative who has assistants. In addi
tion to the men thus detailed to indicated geographical
divisions there are n number of trained detectives who
operate from the central ollice In Washington nnd who
may be sent to aiiy place at any time. Others are sta
tioned in foreign countries. The chief guides nnd di
rects the work, but the Solicitor of the Treasury must
approve his acts to make them valid. From each oper
ative a daily report covering his work for twenty-four
hours Is required. These reports, coming from all parts
of the country, keep the chief Informed ns to the activi
ties not only of his own men but of those of the under
world. Every large city has n branch office of the secret
service, but every important movement of the work must
be suhmlted to Mr. Wilkle. To his office in Washington
are sent the exhaustive dally reiorts which give him a
view of the country as a whole, nnd all articles taken
hy the agents of the bureau, such as counterfeiters' out
fits, spurious coins, disguises.
In the course of the years a large collection of pho
tographs has developed into n complete rogues' gallery,
which, used In connection with the measurements ob
tained through the Bert 11 Ion system, simplifies Identi
fication of the foolhardy criminals who continue their
practices after a first arrest.
jAJ&ctence
The recent proclamations setting
aside the Ocnla National Forest in
Florida and the Dakota National For
est in North Dakota bring the number
Of states possessing such forests be
longing to the United States up to 20,
If Alaska lie included. Of these for
ests, Arknnsas has two, but all the
others, except the new ones In Florida
and North Dakota, are in the Pocky
Mountain or Pacific const states. It is
er ected that the Ocf.lt, Forest area,
which covers 201,480 acres, will be
come densely covered with the sand
piic. No i.nrt of the area rises more
than 1.10 feet above sea-level. The
Dakota Forest Is in the Pad Lands re
gion, nnd much Is expected from its
Influence, since North Dakota Is the
least forested state in the Union. The
new forest covers 14.0SO ncrcs.
Iu many European cities extensive
use Is being made of high-pressure gas
lamps for street-lighting, nnd to some
extent the lamps are displacing elec
tricity. They are furnished with In
verted mantle burners, nnd In Merlin
the gas is supplied through Mannos
heim steel pipe. In some of the sys
tems the n lr Is compressed, and in one
case pure oxygen is supplied to tho
consumers. In London a type of lamp
celled "self-intensifying" Is employed,
the air being compressed by utilizing
the heat of the products of combustion
to operate a heat engine. In Vienna
arc-lights are used to Illuminate a
park above the trees, r. ml gas-lamp
are employed below. In connection
With these lamps, various automatic
lighting and extinguishing devices are
lu use, and much taste Is displayed In
the forms and arrangement of their
support s.
Commenting on the round-the-world
telegraph experiment recently made by
a newspaper In Copenhagen. I'erdi
nnnd Wagner says in a Merlin paper:
There was nothing wonderful In the
result. Two li'e.-sag.'S were sent hy
the editor to himself at Copenhagen.
One went via Shanghai. New York and
Loudon and (he other via London,
Shanghai nnd New York. The lirsi to
arrive at its destination was the one
Which was sent hy way of ShiMc-dial.
It had to l e r transmitted eight times,
and was rooolvrd at the Copenhn'-eii
oilier In Hive-- hoars and twenty-three
minutes nl'ier it had been sent away.
The time i-oems short to chile Hie
globe, let i' 1 1n various station had
received notice in advance, and if the
trial dispatch had 1 i given J he right
Of way, the time would have Men io
dic i'd ;-!uiost I ' the Shakespearean
limit."
WHAT 13 PEVVTEKP
the first place, are you sure that you
know pewter when you see it? Hun
dreds of pieces of "pewter" have been
shown to me which in reality were
"white metal" or Britannia ware, AH
of the delicately shaped pieces marked
"Dixon & Sons" or "Yickers" and doz
ens of other pieces unmarked and
which are proudly cherished, are not
pewter. Neither Dixon nor Yickers
ever made pewter ; they were makes of
"white ware" and tliousnnds of pieces
of their ware were sent here from
England.
Tho comiKisltlon of pewter in F.ng
land, the best quality, which usually
Is marked with a double X, was ar
ranged by law, and contained 100 parts
tin, eight parts of antimony and four
parts of copper. In America there
was no standard to which the quality
of pewter had to conform, so that our
makers took advantage and put iu as
much lend ns they could, in many di
stances the pro)ortion being one-fifth
lead to four-fifths English block tin
for their best quality, and more lend
and less tin In their poorer wares.
There are many opinions as to the
best method of cleaning pewter, but
only one as to the perfect folly of
having it "buffed." If you like every
tiling to shine, then treat your pewter
as follows :
Take a piece of fine woolen clot!:,
upon this put as much sweet oil as
will prevent Its rubbing dry; with this
rub them well In every part ; then
wipe them smartly with a soft, dry
linrn rag, and then rub them off with
n soft wash leather and whiting. N.
M. If convenient, wash them in boil
ing water and soap Just before they
are rubbed with wash leather and
whiting. This would take off the ol!
more effectually nnd make the engrav
ing look brighter.
FLOWERS AND CETTEBPIECE3.
GULF WATERS OF GAY HUE.
DARK DOINGS.
It OHHMisllltill Kciilllutt-ll ill I'.liu
Imid Hut ii-r In Aiin-rlcu.
You will often hear enthusiasts de
clare that this Jug or Hue Jug Is of
"old L'ngll-h pewter." Of course, this
may be true, hut it Is a fact that large
quantities of pcwlcr ware were mad"
In this oouutiy and It vim not until
about 1Mi thai ll making practically
cattbvd, uii) the Cl.c'c nii'gnzlue. In
llie Iteamiii Hue Wmnnii It IHauuiK'tl
vlt li the citliiKT I'roiioMitiun.
When any one asked little Mrs.
Pratt her opinion on the question of
equal suffrage she had her answer
ready. "I don't want to hear anything
about It." che would say pleasantly,
hut firmly, "and I'd Just as soon tell
you why. It's because there's got to
be a concealment and mystery about
voting, and I like tilings open end
alio, choard. It's the way I was
brouglu up and the way 1 shall always
feel It' 1 live to he a hundred.
"I've hint one experience, ami that's
all 1 want. A friend of mine talked
and talked to me about voting on the
educational qu":lou till at la-M I scfd
I would, liee.ui-e I was brought up to
think a ."real ilcil of ethical ion, and I
always shall. So I gave tip an engage,
incut to go to the polls and register
laud the dress was almost spoiled on
account of my mlsng that t.-ving on.
too, hi cause she dldli''. wail to see
whet her 1; tilted or not, but sili-hed
ti e seams right upl. and then I took
the greatest pains to go and vote just
as they'd told ine to, and what do yon
suppose Henry Pratt told me after
ward'.' My vote was thrown out be
cause I had the frankness to write my
full name and address on It !
"I told Henry that nothing would
surprise me nfter that nothing."
Aid Is never satisfactory. The best
waj U not to need It
Streaks of Illoe nml t.rcen Half a.
Mile Wide I.litht V Ship at Mftrht.
A most remarkable marine plicnum
na was observed by the steamshiD lc
ver, Capt. Yon A. Carlson, as that Tea
sel steamed to Tumpa from Mobl'i-.
When at a point thirty-live mtics lioai
Mobile light at 7 o'clock ou the: ei i Ina
of the 24th the ship ran suddenly In a
streak of light coming from the wu'er
which alternated blue and green, the
colors being so brilliant that fie es?el
was lighted up as if she was covered
with arc lights with colored globes,
says the Tampa Times.
A half mile streuk of dark water,
and a blackness thnt settled like, i pa'.l
over the ship followed and a feoeond
streak of the same brilliant hued
waters was enconntered. The second
streak was about as wide ns tho tirt
one, nnd when the ship ran out of it
the same black waters and a night of
exceptional blackness was also cnuinn
tered. A. D. Montmolllan, traveling
freight agent of the line, was on board
the vessel, and he and Chief 10ii,l
neer T. J. Cole fully substandard
(.apt. Carlson's statement regarding the
phenomena.
"I have sailed the high seas for
twenty-two years," declared Capt. Can
son, "and have seen Interesting phe
nomena, both meteorological ai d e'her
wise. In the waters of every kno "n
ocejui, but I never' saw anything that
approached this blue and green Mgi.t
from the water pheiionieuc.. The iig t
was dark, but clear, and we ran Into
tin- streaks without any seead ig .-.inning.
1 was lu the pilot house wli- n vi
struck it. and 1 ran on deck, thinking
that something was on fro.
'The crew tumbled n ! to w!lu. ss It,
also, and lr was in iid'h-e'it. it was
so light that It was remarked by the
chief engineer lhaf it could he r .id hy,
and to make sure 1 grabbed a pap-r
and the lines; print that I ccih: li.ul
was easily discernible. We ran out of
the si real; into a si real; of lilaclc
water, and the darkness of the night
seemed to Increase as we did so.
'From the streak of blackness c
ran Into the second streak of lighted
waters. L.ieh of tue sirenks an I t'l-:
intermediate .streak of black watoi' v1 as
aho::: half a mile wide. The wind at
the 1 hue was a light liorl'iuest. The
sea was smooth and we were bearl ig
southeast by cast half oast, thlr y 11, e
n.iles from Mo! lie Ih.'ht."
It is tiionchl that perhaps a phos
phorescent condition of the w.iliis on
the h f en of the sea at that peed Mi'e
doicy iiihi-.'ling may have tunned ,i or.
dilion v. hh'h brought about the Hgiiij
in q iethui.
(reel lletlulou"! t'liNtom.
'I her.- hi a i ruel cnloni prevailing In
iiuinv parts of the Telugii country iu
India in online t ion with the worship
of the village deilh.-. At the end of
a Kaeriliee a small cart, with four, live
or i it 1 1 pointed sink's standing up
right at the coiners and sides !s
broaglit to the Inaige. Pigs, lambs and
fowls nre then impaled alive upon
these stakes. The cart is dragged In
a procession to the boundary of the
village. The iinlinals die iu agony tm
tho way .and are taken off the stakes
when the curt reaches its detstiuallon.
none, rlnUn, 1 l!-t ftn.l I. lino Cot
Table Dc;irnllon,
The centerpiece nnd Hie (lowers,
more than any other feature of tbe ta
ble decorations, give epportiinily fir
rich and delicate color cocci s and nov
elty In ornamentation. A himlsorie
silver platter as the central base for a
silver loving cup. of for u vase or bowl
filed with roses; n silver or porcci,i'.n
Jardeiilcre filled wilh growing tiin.i; n
p'-wter 1mw 1 of Held daish s or four
slender crystal vnf of graceful inni.i
lions nre the couv et:t l ucil decovatioei
for the home table.
Flowers and cav.dlesthks should
match or harmonize, (iood Housekeep
ing says. Flower and vase shon.ii u
s fleeted In their rcj.ilion to the lish i
it i.y the environments of the room. A
rensitive woman once remarked. "I
shivered through n whole' meal where
blue plates swore at a raw gr 'en v.i'i
holding purple asters." The de.lci'e
beauty of a spray of roses in n small
gi ny-creen Wedgewood vase; of thln.l
p'uk oarnullons iu n gray-blue Wedg
wood plrclier: of sprays of cyclnuicu
nnd maidenhair fern in a green iicl
white steuillke vase and lite effect of
putting orchids and stevla together in
contrast with I he tlamlug mass of scar
let geranium la n copper bow', an- all
artistic posslhllliies. Aiitirnn foliage,
frrlts and (lowers make a suitable cioo
hination In season and rustl" stinpitcily
is artistically ohtalned by the c mu n
asparagus fern rising from n birch bark
cylinder. Flowers which have a .teavy
tropical fragrance ih inld not be tuod
the Jasmine, oranae b'ossntn, hya
cinth and tuberose, but rose, pinks,
violets nnd lilacs are always suitable
and delightful.
SHORT HETEB, SERMONS.
MPBlwt of Tnlent.
One of the greatest misfortunes Is to
have a talent nnd not use it, but allow
It to slip away. Pev. Frank Kector,
Methodist. Pawluekct. it. I.
n.-nlli.
Death Is a necessity if the race shall
continue to multiply, and only our
thought surrounds it with horror. L'ev.
T. E. Marr, People's Pulpit. Milwaukee.
Common l.evrl.
There Is not one way marked out for
the millionaire and another for tho
pauiM-r; nil nre on a common level.
Uev. G. Woodvine, Baptist, Etion. N. T.
The fircntext Hook.
The Bible Is the greatest of all books,
because Its high, divine nnd spiritual
suggest ions nre the liest in the world.
P.ev. C. F. Wlnblgler, Baptist, Wash
ington. (Joltleu Urn.
The golden era is always before us
and never behind us. Now, iu the dawn
ing of the Twentieth century. It is
brighter and nearer than ever before.
Ilcv. D. (I. Downey, Methodist. Chica
go. Can't.
Th great prevalence of can t
amongst religious people is due to tho
common fallacy thnt religion Is some
thing which can he taught by itself.
Per. A. (. Slngsen, Presbyterian, Prov
idence. Kvll Ilalilt.
An evil habit may not always control
your thoughts, but It is lurking in the
background. Toady at any time to step
forward and assume control. Uev,
Neil fherson, Presbyterian, Indlan
apoli". TiionMThta.
Thoughts are forces rather thnn
things. The power of thought. Judged
by It? control over the forces of nature
and of humanity. Is tho master power
of the, world. Uev. W. W. Fenn, Uni
tarian, Cambridge.
Tho llent Self.
The one thing on which we may nil
agree Is that the best self is the
"Christ" In all of us, that urges us to
lie willing to do whatever can bo shown
ro serve human welfare. Uev. Charles
F. Dole, Methodist. Boston.
(rent I'url" of To-Day.
The great facts of yesterday were
steam, machinery, electricity. But to
day and to-niori'inv we shall talk of
labor, solidarity, socialism. Human in
terest Is to pi:ss from the iunfcrl.il tft
the human, front wealth to wealth pro
ducers, from things to life. Uev. Har
vey D. Brown, Christian Socialist, Mil
waukee. Oil Trunin.
Grave evils nltoinl the improper man
agement of tru Is; they control methods
nnd channels of production of many
oopirnodities ; they discriminate against
F.'i'tlons of the country nnd competi
tion; they corrupt municipalities and
f overnmcii's ; they (rent men ns beasts.
Such corporations carry the seeds of
their own destruction. Uev. W. M.
Taylor. Christian. Now Orleans.
HhIiiic llntiiiy.
S line good people are so Intent upon
the maladies and disorders of social
11 1 (hat they cannot enjoy the enjoy
able. Many of them render thcinsolvotl
piriiaily useless and helpless by nn
over -indulgence lu their sensibilities.
Wo cannot be happy If we s'iid our
lives in the dark shadows. God meant
r. r us nil to be happy. Uev. A. U.
Mchlium. Pi esii; torlan, Cleveland.
V limn ii'n Iv 11 i.w I I'll Kf,
What every woman 'thinks she)
knows: That v. lieu a husband has a
quiet spell nnd rr-.r.i'us from ''alibiing
around she pi. no Ip.c a Gaulo'iial.iu
par iloot hi- N iceOiiating de.illrv and
doesn't love her any in re. What ev
ery wo. 'in ii il'ics'i'l know: Thai toe nor
mal men loathes an a ."':' 'vsivo, mill
t.uo woman more I'mii au I " 1 1 1 . i 1 1
hates the fumes of a hum single.
- - "la re nee L. I 'uile'i.
To Viut.o Tiieol Tender.
1 vt under how many i i.e;s l.i..i,e that
When boiling ii:e;.i - criml I., if, (Milf
oil, lu fact, melt of any kind - a tan "
spoonful of vim ':;r to a large pi e, a
smaller spoon; id to a smaller piece,
placed ill the water v hen lirsi ,iul owr
the file will make it dellcioes'v teinlfi'.
There will be positively no tlavor of
the vinegar in the meat w in n "i,ok"d.
Harper's Bairn r.
Opinions of Great Papers on Important Subjects.'
pNWTTTI .1 ' '.J
DOES OUR FORESTRY PAYP
NT I L discovery of some other material
TT T I stilled to production of paper, spnti-e sufll
i I I clent to supply the annual deinnnd for
I li,, lit Itttlut lut irpnult tt,l tt n w l-n I IaiiiiI
rii'l' ..xi.-t t'v. ,t, ,,, I'llV iiidiit lllllUimi
economists or" wondering whether there is
any real Justlllritlon for reserving from
settlement nn nres of land In the 1'nlted
States that already totals more thnn tho entire Gertnnn
empire. The rapid advance of concrete "lumber" for
everything from railroad ties and fence posts to reser
voirs, hum' factories nnd ollice buildings operates to re
duce consumption of wood. And it is a moot questlou
whether land devoted to forestry might not more profit
ably lie devoted to fruit nnd vegetables.
This Is the only country In which the doctrine thnt
the forests Insure n water supply Is generally accepted,
and even here many expert engineers who differ very
radically from the Pint-hot dictum maintain thnt water
causes forests and not the forests water. The recent
fxhlhl'lon In Chicago demonstrated conclusively that
perfection of steel reinforced concrete eliminates tho
necessity of wood for building purioses. Steel furniture
Is lighter, stronger nnd more sanitary than wooden. Ex
cept ns fuel Bcanvly a purpose served by wood cannot
bo lvett?r served by Mool nnd stone. Treea nre always
beautiful. A denuded landscape Is unpleasant But
when the advancement of knowledge eliminates wood
as a necessity the question will nnturnlly arise, "Does
our forestry pay Chicago Journal.
THE LATEST SPASM OF SPELLING.
I""'' '" ' " 11 H self -appointed simplified spelling bonrd
D fif I goes on reforming tho spelling: of Enirllsh
words by platoons, regardless of the fate
of previous detachments. The plan of these,
reformers Is to change the spelling of n
certain number of words every year till
they e:it their way grndunlly through the
whole dictionary. They would have deformed several
hundred words by this time if any but a few freak news
papers pnhi the least attention to them.
The Ho-enlleu third list of deformities hns just beeu
misprinted. It contains an indefinitely Inrgo number of
words, since, it lays down a general rule instead of se
lecting particular words for mutilation. Moreover, it
makes the boldest application yet of tho phonetic princi
ple, spelling exactly like a lazy schoolboy who has lenrn
od his letters and doesn't propose to take any more
trouble.
The combination ea is to be abolished wherever it Is
pronounced like the short c or like broad a. Wheu helth
falls us we nre to fear doth and hopo for heven, say
ing farewell to the family harth with as stout a hart
as we can command. There is something familiar about
tho next tlass of deformities, which drop the e In past
tenses and participles. He who lias klld is to be fild
with the tired of being hnngd.
Probably It recalls dimly it former injunction to put
a t for tho cd In other past tenses. Another new rul
to drop the final e after lv or rv is akin to half-forgotten
former rules. We nre to resolv to enrv onr mother
tongue Into mincemeat Finally tho terminal Ice la to
become Is, when tho accent does not fall on It Upott
servls of subponnn we are to repair to the edlfls where
Justls is administered.
These persons are neither lunatics nor Jokers. They
actually think they arc carrying on a great reform In th
art of litters. They go on writing their own hHtera la
Jargon like a piper inarching and playing alone abeaj
of a trnpp that Hits on the ground and laughs at him.
Whnt would be their emotions if they looked bnck over
a path wlthe-nt a single follower cannot be guessed. But
reformers never look back. Minneapolis Tribune
MURDER AJfD THE DEATH PENALTY.
JJ"""" HAT Is to be done with those who commit
A murder? The laws of most countries reply
Xfy thut they should be put to death. On th
. other hand, tliera la a atrnner Qfirl v!Ia-
BrTftiI spread sentiment that, no matter hovr
L'jJ heinous a man's crime, the State la never
Justified lu deliberately taking bis life,
Tlds sentiment has found expression In the laws of sev
eral American States and of two or three European coun
tries, where murder is punished by life imprlsoument
In some States where the death pennlty was abolished,
so great an increase In murder followed that capital pun
ishment wns restored. t
France has passed through ft similar experience. Al
though the law was net repealed, the President always
commuted the death sentenco to life Imprisonment A
little mere than two years ago a parliamentary commis
sion recommended the repeal of the capital punishment
law. But tho number of murders was growing so rap
idly that the natlenal sentiment changed, and the pro
posed law was not passed. President Fallleres has rec
ognized tho present publle opinion, and. In conformity
with It, signed four death warrants early In January.
For the first time In years' the guillotine was nscd.
I icath was once the ordinary penalty for felonies.
Blackstone cites 100 offenses thus punished, raoglng from
the unauthorized felling of a tree to high treason. Now
only four crimes are so punished In Great Britain, In
cluding, besides murder, violent piracy, treason, and de
struction of public arsenals and dockyards. In the Unit
ed States the list of capital crimes Is practically the
same.
But he who sheds ninn's blood has his own blood de
manded of him less frequently in the United States than
in any other civilized country. There are no trustworthy
statistics, to be sure, but it is a well-known and lament
able fact that In a great number of cases the murderer
is not detected; In some parts of the country, although
the perpetrator of the crime is known, he Is not arrested ;
In States where the laws are better enforced tho prose
cution fails to couvict; and finally, the convict frequently
evades the gallows or the electric chair. Youth's Com-
pHllloll.
9
aw:
mm
Mont eople uant Just h e for the putr
post of pawning it o.i those who ueJ
tt
"I suppose all the folks are tickled
death?' said the intimate friend. "I
guess they had concluded thnt you
wore going to be n ennlirnn-d old bach
elor." "I don't know whnt they had con
cluded." reipliod the lucky dog, "but I
do know thnt they aren't wildly enthu
siastic about It. Mother Isn't, tho girls
aren't nnd Aunt Seniphlne sniffs when
ever anybody speaks about it. She's
got the most eloquent sulfC you ever
hennl."
"What sc?ius to he the trouble??"
asked the Intimate friend.
"Annabel, chiefly," answered the
lueky dog. "They haven't any objec
tion to my marrying and they'd Just
as soon It would be Annnbel ns any
body else If she were only another klud
of person. They all admit that she
has her ixilnts, but she's so deficient In
so many other respects, according to
their ideas. They're going to try to
like her, but I hey feel It's going to be
n goo' deal of n strain on them. Fun
ny, ii 't It? It came awful easy to
me."
"What's your mother's objection to
her?"
"Mother thinks she Isn't good enough
for me. She had set her heart on some
body altogether different. She thinks
Annabel's extravagant, and she wishes
she was more domestic lu her tastes.
She says matrimony Is a very serious
matter."
"Isn't Annabel domestic?'
'I never asked her," replied tho
lucky dog. "Do you think I should
have done so? Honest, though, I don't
care whether she I.-4 or not. If we
find we can't keep house we can always
board. It's my private opinion thnt
Annabel can do nnythlng she wants to.
I taught her to cast as well as I can
myself in less than a week last sum
mer, rind you ought, to see the game of
billiards she plays. She's a wonder.
Do you mean to tell me n girl like that
couldn't learn to make a measly loaf
of bread If she set out to do so? You
bet your sweet life she can !"
"How nliout oxtravngnni"?"
"That's the way 1 like Yin," said
the lucky log. "What's l'ie use of
making money If you haven't got a on
pable wife to snend lr for yiii? Of
course, I'm a fairly good siii'de-hai tied
spendthrift, hut I'm not lu the same
class us Annabel. My work Is coarse
Sin's an arli-t. I ran get more satis
faction watching her scatter the colli
than I can doing It myself, so I'm go
In;: to let her attend (hat part of the
business."
"What object inn do your sisters
make?" asl.ed the Intimate friend.
"Henrietta says she hasn't any
Ideals high Ideals. Shu doesn't think
Annabel's at all Iiil'lleetual. Annabel
Fays she thinks sl foot one mid n half
Ih high Ideal enough for any u - I
thought lli.it was pretty good -what?
Maud takes mother's view. Aunt Sorn-
phltie thinks Annabel's glibly."
"She may get over li."
"Annabel or Aunt Koran!. ine?' asked
the lueky dog. "1 hope Annabel won't.
If she doc she won't be Annabel, nnd
I think that would he a real nils
fortune. But wouldn't nil thut Jar
you? Here's me! Look at me. You
know Willie. Whnt would I do with a
domestic, Idealistic, metaphysical, eco
nomical, pennlve pasty paragon? What
would she want with me? No, sir, I've
got n mighty odd good-looking girl who
knows how to put clothes on herself
aiid tlirt nnd play tennis and golf. She
can pick a banjo nnd dance and slog
and almost anything is a good enough
Joke to laugh at with her. , She's a
level-headed little wrnriftn, too, when
you get down to cases and don't you
lose sight of that If she Isn't good
enough for me what would you recom
mend?" .
"It certainly Is funny how they are,"
remarked tho Intimate, friend, ambigu
ously. Chicago Daily News.
West Africa Is known to all navi
gators for Us few harbors and Its
heuvy surf, which at curtain seasons
rages llk a battle, defying the white
mnu who would approach Its shores.
The author ef "The Jungle Folk of
Africa," It. n. Milllgnn, tells of a suc
cessful,' and to tho observers an amus
ing, effort to reach shore at a point
vv hero tho surf did not seem to be Im
passable. One day, when the beach seemed
much better than usual, the cajrtaln
nnd the ship's surgeon ventured
ashore. Tho captain afterward narrat
ed the adventure of their landing to a
small but enthusiastic audience. He
said thnt ufter waiting outside the
surf half an hour the head man sud
denly gave tho order, and In a moment
they were In tho breakers, riding ou
tho top of one of them, nnd speeding
toward the shore at the rate of "fteveu
ty miles an hour."
Tho cnptnln was in the liow of the
boat, well braced and cushioned. But
when tho boa Btruck the beach with
tho force of it railway collision, the
doctor was thrown violently over two
thwarts into the captain's bosom, whom
he clasped about the neck with a steel
like grlji.
The next moment another brenker
picked tho bout up and hurled it upon
the bench, throwing both captain and
doctor to n jierfectly safe distance,
where they sprawled upon the sand.
The doctor, still hugging the captaiu'H
nook, and very much frlghtourd, ex
claimed :
"O cnptnln. dear enntaln, Is there
anybody killed but you and me?"
A I'critl.trii t lien.
Ever hear about our little rod hen?
Well. sir. she was ou the set for keeps.
Couldn't keep her off. Old doorknobs,
soda bullies, lamp chimneys, match
safes anything was good i nough for
her. Finally 1 put her on three nitid
turtles. It lxl I hope to die If she didn't
hatch out alligators yes, sir, throe of
'em: Our of them ale her up and
wl en ivo opeintl him the'.' was flic I. en
seltio' on his back teeth, and tTiey'd
swelled up so they choked bliu to
death.
I.ajrliiir t i Treiiaurr.
No ii i a li lays up In-nsuro In hen von
until lie quits dod.'lng taxes on earth.
Dallas News.
After a iniiu has acquired a million
he ei'.n utforj to cjll hlti wulstcoat a
vest .
3 4 4 9 4 $4 -9 9 4 ? 4444
I OLD-TIME BANKING. .
A iNew Jersey merchant who was go-j
ing to San Francisco in the days Im
mediately following the construction ot
tho Northern Pacific route to tho coast,
was desirous of taking with him ona
thousand dollars. As the times were
lawless In the west, he was fearful of
carrying such a large amount of money
on bis person, and went to his hom
bank, the American Bankers' Magazine'
says, for a draft
It happened that the bank, which,
was a small one, did not bavo a cor
respondent in Snn Francisco, and to
purchase a draft from one of the big
New York banks would eat up tho
profits of tho transaction. There wast
too great a risk and expense In attempt
ing to ship the money to the San Fran
cisco bank, and a lnrge possibility of
the merchant reaching the city at the
Oojden Gate ahead of the money. The
banker was deslrons, however, of ac
commodating the merchant nnd making
the profit on the draft, which In thosa
days was large. He finally hit upon an.
expedient
"When are yon going to stnrtf ha
asked tho merchant.
"To-morrow,", was the reply.
"Very well," said tho banker, "Now,
Just before you are ready to start I
want you to call at tho bank, to bco
me."
Then he made ont a one-thousand-dollar
draft on a Snn Francisco bank,
payable to tho merchant and handed It
over.
The next day. Just before starting on
his trip, the merchant went to tho bank
nnd was handed a sealed envelop-,
which ho was requested to deliver to
tho ftnn Francisco banker.
"If you will do me this favor," said
tho banker, "I shall bo greatly obliged.
I would not ask you except that you
can deliver it at any time you call for
your money, nnd I trust that It will
occasion you little trouble."
The merchant expressed pleusure at
being able to oblige the banker and
left. On arriving In San Francisco ha
went to the bnnk on which his draft
wns drawn nnd presented It.
"We cannot cash this," Bald the
cashier. "I do not know this banker.
His hank has no funds here."
"Well!" uld the merchant, naturally
greatly exasperated. "And that draft
cost me a big price !'
Suddenly ho thought of the letter
that had been entrusted to him. Ex
plaining about It, he took it from his
loekot and handed It to the cashier,
who ois'tied It dubiously, to find that
It contained a few words of explana
tion und il oiie-lhousand-dollar bill.
"I tlnd," the cashier snld, graciously,
as he handed the merchant the hill and
took the draft In exchange, "I tlnd that
we i nn cash that draft, after all. Twenty-live
dollars, pleiiM'. That is our
regular charge for cashing a draft of
this kind."
"Well!" said the merchant nguiii.
His only satisfaction wns the thought
that if lie had lost the letter the east
ern banker would have been responsible
for the amount of the draft.
'Years ago boys thought I hoy were
abused, and ran away from home, but
here of I ite Ufa Is made ho much hard
er for tho parent we wonder they
i don't run.