Near View of the Great Pyramid. i Prepared by the National Geographic So ciety. Washington, D. C.) Stanley journeyed thousands of miles to lay hare the secrets of Africa to the world; hut In the northeastern corner of the same continent even more thrilling exploration has been In progress during the pnst few decades through a relatively few feet of sand. The excavators who with pick and shovel have been bringing to light the details of Egypt’s ancient civilization and the everyday life of her people, where before only the barest outline of the nation’s history was available, are as truly discoverers of unknown civilizations as far-faring Marco Polos or Plzarros. For a long time Egypt was to the rest of the world little more than a sea of sand with a few dominant mon uments—the pyramids, the Sphinx, the colossi of “Memnon”—to point to her past greatness. Relics of various dy nasties existed shle hy side, their re lations often unknown. The names of many kings and some of their noblest exploits were known, hut there was general Ignorance In re gard to the less exalted Egyptians, to the activities that made up the life of this mysterious nation beside the Nile four and perhaps five and six or mora thousands of years ago. (Irave rob bers, whose activities extend hack Into the days long before the Ptolomles, had rifled many tombs and so made mnch of the early scientific excava tions bnrren of results. And the early excavation of Egyptologists wa« lfsplf a careless procedure aiming at the big gOHls and destroying and hnrvlng many small objects of Incalculable value In the Indications they might have given of manners and customs. Recent exploration In Egypt has lieen a vastly different matter. Modern efficleney methods have been adapted to the delving for the hurled secrets of the ancients, and now every cubic foot of sand about a promising site Is combed or actually sifted that no broken fragment of pottery, scrap of papyrus, or jeweled bauble may es cape detection. In early days the most eomwion method of disposing of the removed sand and debris was hy means of hnsket brigades which dumped their loads nearby. Now light tramways are used and care Is taken to haul the discarded material to a point where It Is definitely known that nothing of value will he covered. Where formerly a “find” was a “find” and was assembled with all others, now any object partially uncovered Is photographed In place frequently as the sand Is removed, so that no pos sible significance of Its position or re lation to other objects will he over looked : and before It Is stored It Is carefully tagged, numbered and card indexed. Getting Real Picture of Ancient Life. These painstaking methods have fully Justified themselves. Instead of having a confused mass of facts, many of them most Interesting in them selves. hut often perplexing, we are getting by degrees a complete, Intel ligible picture of Egyptian life over a period of thousands of years. Seem ingly unimportant things help greatly to fill In the picture. One would hard ly make the mistake of picturing the old Egyptians scratching matches to light the kitchen fire, but there was for long no true picture to take the place of fancy. None of the discovered hieroglyphics showed the making of fire, and It appeared to be entirely without religious significance. In re cent years, however, one of the new school of excavators sffted from the sand a well-preserved flre-how and drill and even a board with burnt holes, and the problem was solved. Temporary towns besides the sites of great engineering projects are no new thing In the world. Cities for la borers were constructed for use while some of the pyramids were undtsr construction. One such town has been completely uncovered and gives a cross-section of life under such condi tions more than 4.1)00 years ago. The town was congested and hud section* like the slums of today with the crowded dwellings opening on narrow alleys. There were some separate dwellings and some barrack-like struc tures presumably for unmarried work ers. But even in the most humble houses evidences were found that their occupants lived on a higher plane than might have been supposed. Various manuscripts were found including a medical treatise and several wills. And In the separate dwellings were found such toys as tops and dolls and tiny boats to show that the pastimes of children of that remote time were not vastly different from those of today. At the very border line between the pre-historic and the historic in Egypt, civilization, It has been found, had reached a considerable degree of de velopment. The tombs of the first Egyptian kings, who lived anywhere from 5.000 to 7,000 years ago, are such as no barbarians could have erected—a fact which pushes the be ginning of Egyptian civilization Into a a very dim past Indeed. This was be fore the days of pyramid building when the tombs were underground structures. Preserved in the Tombs. Tlie furniture of this distant per-iotl was by no means crude as one might assume it would have been. There were ebony chests skillfully inlaid with Ivory, stoels with Ivory legs carved like the legs of hulls, vessels cut from alabaster and ewers of cop per wrought with the cunning that only highly skilled craftsmen could have possessed. Daintily fashioned bracelets on the withered arms of the mummy of Egypt's first known queen add further to the record of the prog ress iti the arts w hich ETgypt hail at tained when we catch our first glimpse of it down the ages. And there is a pretty little picture of tlie family relations of tills ancient society. Besides the tomb of tiie first Egyptian king at Ab.vdos is that of his daughter, and carved on her tomb the pet name by which her father knew her—“Sweetheart." Even at that early date the court was socially highly organized. Womanhood was sincerely respect ed in ancient Egypt and especially was this true of the mothers. What | might he called Egypt’s substitute for the fifth commandment ignored tha father. It was an injunction: “Never forget what thy mother hath done for thee. She hare thee and nourished thee in all manner of ways. If thou forgettest her. she might blame thee; she might lift up her hands to God. and He would hear her complaint.” In many families it was the custom for titles and property to pass not t# the eldest son hut to the son of the eldest daughter. There was no “moth er-in-law Joke" in Egypt. To the mind of the Egyptian It was the natural thing that his wife’s relations should take a deeper interest in his affairs than his blood relations. Much of the ability of those who live today to look into the past of \ Egypt, to see something of its flesh and-blood life, and to understand somewhat of the Joys and sorrows of its people, must be ascribed to the preserving powers of the desert air of that sandy land. The perfect con dition of some of the objects recovered from tombs is marvelous. One of the ; best examples of this was the tomb of the noble parents of the great Queen Tyl. The discoverer of the | large airy chamber that was provided j as a home for these important per sonages declared that It seemed the room might have been shut up only a few weeks before. Beautifully carved and inltild armchairs stood about, on them down-stuffed cushions that could have been sat upon without in jury. In another part of the room were “twin beds” perfectly preserved. The most amazing discovery of all was that of a Jar of honey, 3,300 years old, still a fluid and still having Its recognizable odor. OLD CAPTAIN By SIQNE H. ANDERSON lessssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssl: (0b liiJ, by MoClure Newspaper SyQdbjala "Tramp, tramp, tramp. The boya are marching." These words drifted to the ears of the gruy-beuded old soldier sitting by the open window lost in thought. Muuy long years had gone by since he had first heard those words sung, lie could see "the boys” seated before the camp fire in ’05, reading letters from home or singing to keep up a semblance of cheerfulness; or trumping over miles of rutty roads, and singing to keep 1 their spirits up. For many years, uow, he hud been living with his oldest duughter and her family. Yes, Susie had always been kind and daughterly to him, but, just the same, he didn't want to be constantly reminded Unit lie was get ting old and feelde. It wus "Father, don’t do this," and "Father, don't do that; you are too old,” or "you are not strong enough." Every year previous to this one he had marched with "the boys” on Me morial day, and each year had found the number smaller and smaller, until this year there would lie but five. As “Old Captain," as he was fondly called by the children of the neighborhood, sat there lost in thought, he was rude ly brought back to the present by the voices of his daughter and her hus band. “Father is really too old to try to march tlds Memorial day. We must persuade him that it would lie better for him to sit on file pia/.u and watch the parade," Susie was saying. Persuade him! Indeed! Perhaps this would be the last chance for him; no one knew what might happen be fore another year rolled by. A bit of the old righting spirit was awakened in the aged soldier. He’d show them a thing or two! He laid quite mud" up his mind to march, and murch he would. So each day, while Susie was busy in the kitchen, “Old • ,'aptain” crept softly upstairs to the spare room closet, tucked a bit of his blue uni form under his jacket, us softly crept down again, and sat. apparently lost in thought, in ids favorite chair by the window. By and by .Susie would come in to tell him that she was golug up stairs to straighten up the bedrooms and to call her if he wanted anything. Of course, lie wasn't able to do any thing for himself! Perhaps she wouldn't he surprised; As soon us he thought she was safely out of hearing, he went to the siied hack of the house and carefully hid that part of his uni form. Each day he did this until every part of his uniform was care fully hidden away. Memorial day arrived, hut nothing had been said to “Old Captain” about not taking part in die pa rude. How ever, the time had come. “Fattier, I don’t believe you had better march this year. Y'ou are not strong enough, and I’m sure it would be too much for you. You can sit on the piazza and watch the parade as it goes by. Of course, you will agree with me and see that l mean It for your o« n good.” Susie paused. "I will point out the different people as they near the house, and it will be just as if you were there yourself. There, I knew you’d understand.” It was just as lie hud thought. He wasn’t even given a chance to remon strate: it was all settled without his “yes" or "no.” “All right. Susie. I’m going for a short walk about the farm," and he pushed back his chair and walked slowly from the room. "I didn’t think he’d take It so easy," Susie remarked to her husband, after her father had left the room. "He didn’t have much to say about it, I must say,” was the answer. Meanwhile “Old Captain" made straight for the wood-shed and with hands trembling with excitement donned his uniform, then made his way "cross lots” to the meeting place on the common. The morning crept on and the time came for the parade to pass the house. “Where can father be?” asked Susie of her husband. “He would feel pret ty bad to miss the parade. I’ve looked everywhere around flip house and have called for him several times." Just then the sound of music could be beard. “Tramp, tramp, tramp. The boy» are marching—1“ “Susie, Susie, come quick. See who la in the parade!” And there was “Old Captain,” with head up and eyes sparkling, marching with the rest. Historic Church Rededicated Historic Old Stone church at Staun ton, Va., was rededleated recently, • new addition having been completed. Old Stone, located at Ft. Defiance, Is the oldest Presbyterian church In Vir ginia, January 22 was the anniver sary ef Its original dedication, which was in 1749. The building was started In 17S8, and sand had to be carried on horse back from the river, several miles away, and men and women of the settlement remaining together and ac companying the trains for safety, the men going armed for protection against the Indians, who were still numerous In the valley. Fuel From Sugar Cane. Because of the high cost of gasoline In South Africa, motor fuels are man ufactured from sugar cane, com and certain classes of cactus, all of which provide a plentiful supply of alcohol. MARRIAGE MADE A BUSINESS — Practice in France That Can Hardly Be Said to Savor Much of Romance. Anyone can marry—anyone, every one!—if they have* a business man ager who knows the business. Since the war. In France, weddings fcave doubled, births increased and | deaths declined in ihe most astonish ing manner. Now, as all know marriage does not necessitate a business manager—-the old helter-skeltw way of falling In love by hazard will undoubtedly con tinue very much in vogue; but If anyone imagines that marriage is not m«*ing with the times and yielding to business organization, they know little of what is happening In France today! >**ver before have girls done such %iarrying in France—with available bridegrooms so reduced in number! What is more, thl- organized promo tion of marriage gives every girl a chance—despite handicaps of unac quuintanee, social disadvantage, plain lofeks. lack of money, luck of family. bi#k of pushing friends to aid the match. Your business muniiger's your push ing friend! Helps girls to marry? Helps men. also. Perhaps even, more so. . . . Foil will object. And romance? "Hut the quality, monsieur, think of tha quality!" sahl mudaine. “Durable solid, the best mark in France! Hefore the young folks an- allowed to meet, both hail been inve stigated, weighed, aempared and balanced by social ex perts and the pairing-off O. K.’d in final conference! Now, there’s a mar riage that will la*r. It’s got goo wear In it 1" PARROT FISH ODD CREATURE Must Have Been Devised When Moth er Nature Was in Unusually Freakish Mood. If some one asl-od you, "Whnt is that which lias a bonk like that of a parrot and cheek pouches like those of a matikey, Hvi in the sea and chews the cud like .1 cow?" you might imagine it was soim kind of catch fid dly. Yet there is a feature which an swers tlii' From Early Mom Until Late at J ’ ;; Night <> ‘Taxi at Your Service" l, '■ NORTH ERR EXPRESS CO. i: I; A. F. ALLEN. 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