—
Had the “Slingsby case” been tried
in lesd stirring times it certainly would
have attracted a greater share of pub
lic attention, particularly from those
who are interested in the inheritance
of physical characters. Mr. Justice
Hargrave Dean recognized a close de
gree of resemblance between the boy
defendant and his father, Mr. Charles
Slingsby, particularly in the case of
the lower jaw; Sir George Frampton
detected a likeness between the ears
of the boy and his mother. On the
day on which the learned judge gave
his judgment a well-known anthro
pologist, an anatomist famous for his
accuracy, descended in a lift with two
men and a boy, all three of whom
stared stolidly at the advertisement on
the wall. One of the men was short
and dark, the other fair and of
medium height. The expert at once
assigned the little boy as the son of
the fair man from their close resem
blance. As the lift gates swung open
the boy took tlvo—dark man by the
hand, called him “dad,” while the fair
man went his own separate way. In
telling us his experience he adds:
“Another case of mis-identification
came under my notice on the evening
of the same day. An intelligent and
experienced lady called on a friend
who took her up to the nursery to
see the latest bom. The visitor four.d
two nurses and two babies, and ex
claimed, ‘Well I need not ask which
it is; this one is your image.’ She
then selected the wrong child.” From
such cases one must conclude that
general resemblances may prove mis
leading. But it is otherwise with par
ticular features, such as the Haps
burg lip. Medical men are well aware
of such features; a nose, an eye, or
an ear may have such a pronounced
shape that a family identification may
be made with certainty. Individua's
with pronounced features are in the
minority. There is no question that
such features may be and are inher
ited. In many instances the charac
teristic form is not apparent in the
young; it becomes fully developed af
ter adolescence, and this is especially
true in the case of the nose, and it
also the case with the lower jaw. The
boy defendant is four years of age;
in the next sixteen years his jaw will
be remodelled over and over again to
make room for the permanent molar
teeth, the teeth which will replace his
milk set, and to fit the growth of the
upper jaw; it would be at maturity
we should expect a real, not an ap
parent, resemblance of the paternal
form of jaw to appear. The ear offer,,
a more certain means of identification
of likeness, but very few men have
studied this complex structure so
closely as to be in a position to offer
an expert opinion as to degree of like
ness. In the photographs which have
been published of the parties in the
Slingsby case an expert has little dif
ficulty in recognizing what was ap
parently regarded as a striking feat
ure of the “Slingsby” ear. The re
semblance lies in the degree to which
the hinder border of the ear is folded
over so as to form a welt. It is well
known that the folding of ear margin
is a result of retrogression; the more
the border is folded over, the greater
is the degree of developmental retro
gression. There is no folding of the
border of the ear in the more primitive
apes; in some of the higher apes, es
pecially in the orang, there is a high
degree of infolding, for the ear of
the orang is more retrograde than
that of most human races. A con
siderable degree of infolding of the
ear is so common that an anthropolo
gist would give it only a slight value
in working out resemblances. Sir
George Frampton’s method of obser
vation we do not know, but we must
admit that sculptors have certainly
a right to express an opinion. It was
Thomas Woolner who drew Darwin’s
attention to the presence of a nodule
on the welt of the human ear which
the great evolutionist recognized as a
remnant of the ancient pointed tip.
! That all parties concerned in the
Slingsby case should show a trace of
the ancient tip is not a matter for sur
prise; the ear is exceptional which
shows no sign of this ancient mark.
—Scientific American Supplement.
MOLASSES ROADS.
Molasses is now a building material.
Several tests have proved its value
for this purpose. The molasses re
ferred to is not the edible kind, but
the residue left after boiling it out.
This has been found to supply a
powerful binder for crushed stone and
gravel used as a foundation for con
! crete in both building and roadmak
! ing.
The molasses which has been used
for the tests is of the Cuban variety,
a coarse by-product of sugar which
was formerly dumped into the river.
For several years it has been im
ported into this country for various
purposes. It has been used, for ex
ample, to supply the fat-producing
element in several kinds of manufac
tured stock food. Its value in road
building has been tested in Alabama
and several other southern states.
—Washington Post.
NATIONAL ASSOCIATION
HOLDS ANNUAL MEETING.
(Continued from first page.)_
the association will be under the same
officers. Oswald Garrison Villard,
first vice president and treasurer, is
compelled to give up the treasurer
ship because of his continued absence
in Washington. The secretary, Miss
Mary Childs Nemcy, retires to accept
a position elsewhere. Other officers
will remain.
American mills use 5,000,000 bales
of cotton yearly. Negro labor is the
chief factor in the production of cot
ton.
“NATURE ANI) SOME SOCIOLOGISTS.”
(Continued from first page.)
the “seeds of time” are, we do not know; but we take it that this statement
is made to heighten and strengthen the “harrier” referred to in the first state
ment.
What is the barrier to which Mr. Lindley makes such oracular reference?
Does he mean that there is an immutable law of nature which forbids white
and black people living in the same block? If that were true it would be en
tirely unnecessary to enact city ordinances on the subject; it requires no legis
lative acts to keep terrapins from living up in the trees with the squirrels.
Does he mean that there is a barrier fixed by nature which bars the black man
from participating in the higher cultural life? The general progress of the
whole race toward all that culture means, the marked advancement of so many
thousands, and the possession of the highest culture by so many individuals
absolutely disproves any such theory. Or does Mr. Lindley mean that there
Is a barrier fixed by nature between whites and blacks, such as there is be
tween a higher and lower order of animals, which stands in the way of physi
cal union between the races? Then we should like to have him account for
the presence of the three or four million people of mixed blood in this country.
Perhaps, our sociological friend’s theory is that physical union between the
races is possible, but is a violation of the laws of nature; in fact, a sort of
crime of bestiality. This is a common theory and much preached by a certain
class of “students of sociology.” If this were true, the offsprings of such a
union would be monstrosities or degenerates. This we know is not so. Even
the milder and quite familiar charge that the product of such a union is phy
sically, mentally and morally inferior to both parent races will not stand the
most cursory study of the condition of people of mixed blood; to say nothing
of the mention of such names as Dumas, Pushkin, Frederick Douglas and
Booker T. Washington.
Now, the point we are driving at lies beyond the question of either seg
regation or amalgamation considered within their ordinary limits. We are
driving at these pseudo-scientific theories which darkly hint at the existence
of some mysterious, eternal bar-sinister which shuts the Negro off from the
rest of humanity; a thing which no anatomist or chemist or psychologist has
yet been able to find. It has been demonstrated and is continually being dem
onstrated that a normal black man, given the same environment and oppor
tunities, will develop physically, mentally and ethically the same as any
other man. It has also been demonstrated and is continually being demon
strated that there is no natural physical aversion between the Negro and
other races; In fact, just the opposite is true. And this is true not only of
mere animal attraction, but also of the higher and purer affections. Many a
white child has loved the broad boso n of its black mammy better than it
did the arms of its own mother. Where, then, is this aversion established by
nature and sanctioned by God? Prejudice against the Negro is a matter of
Gaining and education.
Still, in spite of their absurdity, such theories as the one set forth by Mr.
Lindley find many believers. Such a belief works a subtle injury to us which
is more damaging than lynchings or other violent insults of prejudice, because
its effect is to put us outside the human pale, to assign us to a place some
where just this side of the most advanced apes.
Finally, let us say to Mr. Lindley and other such “students of sociology”
that if colored people live together in the same sections or districts, they
should do so for social or economic reasons or on account of their own prefer
ence, and not because they are forced by some legislative enactment. Espe
ially they object to being herded off in compliance with any law of nature
faking which attempts to rule them out of the human race.”
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