.HE lifiG: UMAHA, THUK5DAT, FEBRUARY 7, 1318.
BOLSHEVIKI SEPARATE CHURCH AND STATE
AFFAIRS
RELIGIOUS FREEDOM
IN RUSSIA EFFECTED
BY RED GOVERNMENT
Premier Lenine Signs Decree Confiscating Property;
Church Head May Order Priests to Refuse to Bury
the Dead or to Perform Ceremonies; Monks
Who Attack Guards Shot by Soldiers.
v (By Associate Press.) ,
Petrograu, Feb. 5. The soviet issued a - decree today,
ligned by Nikolai Lenine and other members of the defacto gov
ernment absolutely separating the church and the state, elimU
nating church income from the state and confiscating all church
ealty, furnishings and paraphernalia.
STATIC TAJfF.S TITT.'R. V
The decree stipulates that religious
societies may continue to use the
property exclusively for religious
cervices, although the. title is vested
In the state.
Religious freedom is guaranteed so
long as religious societies do not in
terfere with social order, limit the
rights of individuals or hinder the re
public. No religious scruples are to
exempt persons from their duties as
citizens. The religious oath is can
celed and replaced by promise.
MARRIAGE CIVIL CEREMONY.
Marriage , ceremonies tand birth
registrations are" td be performed, by
the civil authorities. Religious teach
ing is abolished in state schools and
in private schools with a similar cur
riculum. " v ; -
No state assistance will be given to
any church society or religious agent.
No religious society will be permitted
to own any property but will merely
be permitted to borrow .. it from Jthe
state for church services. 1 5
An official statement issued by the
department of public welfare con
cerning a clash over the seizure of
the Alexander NevBky monastery says
the monks' offered forcible resistance
and incited h mob to violence by ring
ing all the bells of the monastery and
summoning the parishioners.
. Monks Attack Guard.
The statement add? that monks at
attacked a red guard with clubs and
that the soldiers were forced to shoot
in self defense. ;, V'
Small parades of prayerful members
of the orthodox church were held to
day in protest against the seizure by
the bolsheviki of church property.
The largest parade centered at the'j
Kazan catnearai piaza. . in mis group
which was typical, of all the others,
bareheaded prelates, in full regalia
and flowing robes, marched along the
Nevsky Prospect carrying crosses and
sacred images, with laymen following
tljerii, chanting,' ; .
Anti-Jewish Feeling. .
None of the paraders was molested.
. The authorities of the Smolny insti
tute had scattered through the streets
proclamations, 'declaring they had no
intention bl disturbing any religious
parade, but previous rumors to the ef
fect that the demonstration would be
dispersed hy force evidently curtailed
their 'size. ' "( '. ,
In the orthodox churches some of
the priests Jaid strong emphasis on
the assertion that they did not object
to the surrendering of church treas
ures t6 save Russia from a foreign
enemy; but urged, the people to. fight
to the last rather than surrender the
holy images to the custody of Jews,
manv of whom, they declared were
holding important posts in the
Smolny government. Protests in this
respect assumed an anti-semitic char
acter. ' .
Reason for Separation. w
London, Feb. 6. The separation of
state and churcrT by the Bolshevik
government is explained ; in a long
statement sent abroad by, the Bolshe
vik official news agency.: ;
From this-it is apparent that all
ecclesiastical, property has been de
clared to belong to the pec-Ale and is
to be used for the common wealth. ,
The Bolshevik commissioners of
publics charity, who have been given
control of the church possessions, an
nounce that it is their opinion, that
this property should be "used solely
'for the alleviation of the lot of the
classes suffering most from exploita
tion by the capitalist society.' '
Accordingly, the expenditures for
the 8Upport-pf the churches and ec
clesiastical ceremonies will be sup
pressed. 4
After March 1 the ' clcry w ill re
ceive no salaries from the govern
ment. However, they will receive
four weeks' salary in advance. Clergy
men who remain in their positions'
and who wish' to continue their func
tions, will be employed by the com
missioners of, (public;; charity in, the
collective demand of the congrega
tions they serve, . ? '
, Ecclesiastical functions and cere
monies may . be-continued on condi
tion that the clergy accept as private
persons remuneration from the local
ity where they officiate. , '. '
Church Loses Control. , ,
Referring to; the action of the Most
Rev Dr. Tikhdn, patriarch of All Rus
sia, in issuing an anathema, the Petro
rad correspondent of the Times says
whe church has lost much of its con
trol over the-people, owing to the
younger generation tending towards
irreligion. For this reason he does
not expect that the patriarch's action
will have much effect.
Dr. Tikhori; however, it is added,
t ill has a powerful weapon at his
disposal. If he should lay the coun
try unde an., interdict closing the
churches and not permitting the
priests to baptize, marry, and bury
the dead. the. effect on the population
misrht be immediate and fat-reaching,
is it probably would arouse-nvthe'
peasants every superstitious tear. .
' lanuary Was-Record" Month
In Live Stpck Shipments
Nearly 15.000 carloads of Nebraska
'ive stock were shipped to markets
during the month of January, accord-
ing to reports of the United States
Department of Agriculture, bureau of
markets. This is the third largest
shipment made by any state in the
anion. Illinois and Iowa are the only
ttatet which exceed Nebraska.
The shipment included 7,000 -carloads
of cattle, 4,400 cars of hogs,
' 2.589 cars of sheep, 300 cars of horses
and 000 cars oi mixed stock. ' '
Senate Asks Proof
ThatU. S. Can Move
Million to France
' (Continued From Page One.)
the secretary said he had thought was
small rather than too large.
Secretary Baker gave the opinion
that new legislation would be desir
able to jive the president general
powers to transfer and co-ordinate
functions of various departments as
conditions arise.
Possibility that the actual purchas
ing power for the War department
may be largely placed in the hands
of Edward R. Stettinius, surveyor
general, was indicated by Secretary
Baker.
"Mr. Stettinius is relied upon to do
this thing," he said.
On January I. Secretary Baker
said, more troops had been transport
ed to France, including both non
combatant and fighting forces, than
had been planned.
Secretary Baker and Senator Weeks
agreed that it was improper to dis
close the number of American troops
now in France.
TransDortation of fitrhtin? trooos
was temporarily reduced, Secretary
T, I -fi J? i .1.. L!
caxer aaiu in discussing me snipping
situation, by the necessity of sending
larger engineering forces.
He did not have with him detailed
statistics regarding available ships
and promised to supply it.
The shipping board and the War
department, Secretary Baker said, are
in constant contact, exhaustively
studying the shipping situation.
General Bliss, tie said, took the in
formation abroad as a basis of calcu
lation in connection with the shipping
situation.'
About 130,000 tons additional re
cently have been obtained. "
Senator Weeks asked if it were true
that the War department had 791,000
tons of shipping available for trans
porting troopj on February 1.
Secretary iiakcr'dia not know, cut
thought that an underestimate.
In his former Statement that a mil
lion men more probably could be sent
to France this year, Secretary Baker
explained, he did not deoend wholly
on American shipping in his calcula
tions. :
Discuss Roosevelt Editorial
The much discussed editorial in the
Metropolitan Magazine, of which
Colonel Roosevelt was associate edi
tor, which attacked the War depart
ment's preparations to send troops to
France, came up again.
Secretary Baker had replied to the
editorial in his first statement by say
ing, the. War department had done
more than the. magazine contended it
should. ! '! r
rDid the editor have any informa
tion other than an ordinary citizen
might have had at that time?" asked
Senator Weeks. - , '
"Oh. no." said. Mr. Baker, adding
that in August, when the article ap
peared, he had been quite certain that
the department could . do- more' "to
ward training troops than it suggested
and also that there was good prom
ise that more could be done toward
getting them to France than the ar
ticle proposed. v
. Senator Weeks asked if the War de
partment had succeeded in doing as
much as it, naa nopea zor in Oc
tober. .
Ahead of Schedule.
!. "1 can answer that in this way,"
Mr, Baker said.
"On January 1 we had transported
to 1" ranee more troops man our
schedule had called for.
"Both combatant and ' noncombat-
ant troops?" asked Senator Weeks.
"That is the aggregate, - .air. uaKcr
sa'd ' . . . . i . j
Senator Weeks said he had heard
that a military force ran about 40
per cent combatant troops.
Secretary Baker said he did not
have the figures, but thought the
forces in France might snow tnat ra
tio. He agreed to' furnish Senator
Weeks confidentially with exact fig
ures as to the number of men shipped
and, the proportion of fighting
troops. ,
Senator Weeks asked if the depart
ment figured on net, gross or dead
weight tonnage. ... , , - .
He said that he had heard that the
German statements of tonnage. de
struction by submarine were based
on dead weight calculation and the
English on net tonnage, which made
the apparently divergent figures given
by each side very close together, in
fact.
Mr. Baker could not enlighten tire
senator on the point. ?
Before General Bliss went to Eu
rope, Mr. Baker said, an exhaustive
study of the shipping situation was
made. ..-..' . .
It was reviewed before Bliss went
back the second time to attend the
sessions of the supreme war council.
Senators In Argument.,
Much of the tonnage originally
available for men and supplies had
beemiiverted to the harbor and arse
nal projects abroad, he said, and the
purchase of artillery abroad had
served to relieve shipping somewhat,
although the necessity of transporting
raw materials for the guns had fig
ured in the final result
Examination of Secretary Baker
was interrupted while senators dis
cussed going into executive session
to permit the secretary, to -furniSh
confidential information. v
The discussion was precipitated by
Senator Reed, who thought the com
mittee was entitled to exact informa-
French Agree to Furnish U. S.
Troops With
i Paris, Feb. 6. An agreement has
been concluded between the French
and American governments by which
the canned fruit and vegetables re-
?iuired by the American expeditionary
orces will be supplied by France.
'This action was taken after a joint
investigation by experts of the United
States army purchasing board and
French authorities showed that the
normal fruit and vegetable -crop in
France was sufficient to supply both
armies as well as all domestic needs.
1 Will Import Tin.
'The Americans will be required
only to import sugar for preserving
the fruit and tin plate for thetmanu
facture of cans.
. These materials will be sold to the
French government, which will ap
portion thera among private manu
facturers. The American army purchasing
board expects that by purchasing
canned goods in France there will be
tion of the number of men now in
France and on oth en subjects.
Chairman Chamberlainas well as
Senators Hitchcock and McKellar, fa
vored an open session and to let the
secretary indicate what question he
would rather answer in private.
As Secretary Baker's statement on
which he is being cross-examined was
made at an open hearing, Senator
Hitchcock said the committe would
make a mistake in not examining him
at a similar hearing.
"I think the committee and the pub
lic are entitled to know where he
proposes to get the tonnage to supply
the men abroad," continued he Ne
braska senator.
"I think the secretary ought to be
able to put these figures before us to
back up his statement that he ex
pects to have a million men over there
this year."
May Move Troops.
Secretary Baker said he had not de
termined whether troops wpuld be
kept in the southern camps next sum
mer. If the summer weather was as
extreme as this winter has been, he
said, some would have to be moved.
American tonnage losses. Secretary
Bakei1 said, have been ".exceedingly
light. 1
"The service the navy has rendered
in the protection of the army," he
said, "has been unexampled."
"I think the whole question of ships
ought to be discussed in an executive
session," said Secretary Baker in re
ply to Chairman ; Chamberlain, who
asked his views. . i
The tonnage matter, Mr. Baker
added, involved international arrange
ments and he suggested that he be
permitted to prepare a statement, to
show the present status.
Baker Will Give Facts.
. Secretary Baker aarreed that the
committee should have every avail
able fact, including the confidential
information.
Senator Weeks said be wanted to
develop just what couftt be done in
getting men, munitions and other
products abroad, without disclosing
confidential matter.
iThe Massachusetts senator said,
however," he thought 'tthere was i a
good deal of camouflage about keep
ing info'mation from the enehiy
which is published in annifal reports
and otherwise." " i vt .
Senator Hitchcock asked if the sec
retary would object to giving the
committee the basis for his opinion
that he expected a million men would
be in France before fall. ;
"Not in the least," said Mr. Kaker.
"I, could have the committee go into
the adjoining room and give it to you
in three seconds." . '
Senator Hitchcock thought 'he In
formation should her given the same
publicity as his first, statement ,
Hitchcock Heckles Baker.
"The secretary conveyed to the
country," said Senator Hitchcock, "in
formation, that I ithink was very un
fortunate. Did you. consider shipping
an important factor?"
"Very important controlling," Mr.
Baker replied. "1 was not relying
wholly ,on- the supply (of.. American
shipping." - v .
. Senator Hitchcock .said he did not
wish to be' misunderstood, but only
desired to find the basis oi Mr; Ba
ker's "assurance to the country" that
a million men could be transported to
France during 1918.
"You said you expected to have
1,000,000 men in France in 1918. Now,
how would you supply them?" he
continued. i
Prospect Is Promising. .
Mr. Baker read from his original
statement that he had said a million
and a half troops would be available
for shipment in 1918 and that the
prospect of forwarding thera "was
not unpromising."
, "Why do you think it is not un
promising?" insisted Senator Hitch
cock. . -
Secretary Baker replied that esti
mates made as to available tonnage
indicated the possibility, v
When he had made the statement,
Secretary Baker added, there was in
his mind the conclusions of the ship
ping board as to what tonnage it
could produce in 1918.
"I am asking you for the basis of
your assurance to the country that
the prospect was not unpromising,
that we would have a million men in
France in' 1918," persisted Senator
Hitchcock.
, "I am anxio-s to- tell you what is
in my mind," answered Secretary
Baker, asking again that he be permit
ted to explain his statement as far
as possible without disclosing military
information. ,
- Drop Shipping . Question.
Before General Blis? went to
Europe, he said, the subject was dis
cussed with members of the shipping
board and others as to the "extent to
which the Emergency Fleet corpora
tion would supplement ithe existing
tonnage and the extent lhat tonnage
then available to America would need
to be supplemented by international
arrangement in order to jcarry out the
allied program." ,; " ' ' "
Secretary Baker said he did hot per
sonally determine the question, but
that it was done by General Bliss and
others.
Upon Senator Weeks' suggestion
the committee dropped the shipping
question until the secretary could get
information from his department to
properly answer the questions.
. This will le furnished to the com
mittee in executive session.
Senator Weeks then, asked Secre
tary Baker if he knew how many
pairs of shoes were required per man
All Canned Goods
saving of 70 per cent on the tonnage
required for canned goods.
The monthly canned food require
ments for 25,000 men is estimated at
350 tons. Fifty tons of this represents
sugar and tin plate, which w ill be im
ported, thus saving 300 tons of ship
ping space.
Big Monthly Saving.
: For an army of 500,000 men, the
saving would amount to' 6,000 tons
monthly. Products for canning will
be purchased at reasonable prices to
be fixed by the French government.
The quantity of canned tomatoes
consumed by the American soldiers
greatly exceeds the proportionate
amount used by the other allied arm
ies and . the French civilian popula
tion. .
; It may be necessary, therefore, to
import some tomatoes from Italy, ihe
fruits and vegetables for the Amen
can army will be picked and canned
by female labor.
in the British and French armies.
Mrr Baker did not. But, he said,
he would obtain the information. The
senator said he wanted to know in
order to "determine if we ste buying
moreshoes than are necessary.
Senator Weeks said he had re
ceived a letter in which it was charged
that many men in the army are of
German sympathy and that manyN of
ficers and men in conversations ex
pressed pro-German sentiment."
The writer of the letter, he said,
cited an instance of an American of
ficer being sent home from trance by
General Pershing for that reason.
The senator said he had also heard
of a chaplain who had been dismissed
for similar reasons.
Secretary Baker said he had re
ceived no information of such condi
tions, but would make an inquiry.
Make Example of Someone.
"I don't doubt that something of
that sort exists," said the Massa
chusetts senator, "and I think we
ought to make an example of some
one.". SenatQr Reed said it was unfair to
question the secretary in a large audi
torium filled with spectators and im
pugning that tho army was reeking
with treason. 1
"Why should the question be asked
at all? he demanded.
"I'm not responsible for calling
the secretary into a larger auditor
ium," Senator Weeks broke in.
"I think this examination should
have been held as all others in the
committee's own "room. I have no
desire to exploit anything in public."
Put Cards on Table.
Senator Reed said he was somewhat
inclined to the view that it would be
better, to put "all our cards on the
table."
"It might bi well," he said, "to say
we have got so many men and so
many guns and so many ships and we
are going to be at your throat at a
certain time; but that is not the way
we are proceeding."
Senator Frelinghuysen interrupted
and Senator Reed yielded.
I want to ask a question which I
hope will pass the censor," said Sen
ator Frelinghuysen, with his eyes
fixed on Senator Reed.
A tilt followed in which Senator
Reed declared he had not been trying
to "censor the meeting."
Protect Men In Camps.
Senator Frelinghuysen turned to
Secretary Baker with the statement
that the committee was not interested
in the punishment of medical officers
found negligent, but in the protection
of the men in the camps.
IlV said Surgeon General Gqrgas
had- stated to the committee that he
lacked authority to draw .the public
health, service into the- camp sanita
tion work.
.' "Has that subject been given any
consideration?" he asked.
Secretary Baker said the recom
mendations of the ' American Public
Health association had been adopted
with the approval of the surgeons
general of the army and navy. ;
?Then you think that you have the
health Of the men well in hand?" said
Senator Frelinghuysen.
!'Ves," , - :
' , Northcliffe Criticizes Plans.
Statements attributed to Lord
Northcliffe saying preparations were
being made in America for raising an
army, but little was being done; to
provide j for its transportation across
the ocean, were read by Senator
Hitchcock. " !
Secretary Baker said he had not
heard of the statement and could not
remember that the . subject had been
discussed in conferences with Lord
Northcliffe.
Declaring that "everybody knows
about half of the men. both officers
and enlisted men, in the camps never
have been trained with artillery or
machine guns," Senator McKellar
asked the secretary if he thought it
wise to send men to France untrained.
Train Officers in France. '
Secretary Baker replied, that many
artillery officers were being trained
in France at a. school turned over by
the French and that it took more time
to, train artillerymen than officers.
ihe plan of the department, the
secretary added, "is to give as much
training in this country as possible
by concentrating artillery supplies in
units likeliest to go first to trance,
but in no case for them to be used
in combat until their training is com
pleted on the other side.
"I therefore do not think it unwise
to send men over who are. not com
pletely trained."
BAKER DEMANDS !
MORE WAR POWER
FOR PRESIDENT
(Continued From Page On.)
counting for Liberty bond payments;
insurance and dependent allowances
also served to hold up pay of whole
regiments as long as a montn at a
time. '
"Is it unwise to send men not train
ed at all, men who have never seen
artillery or machine guns?" asked
Senator McKellar, stating a major
had told hirr that at his camp only
the commandins general had ever
seen a fi-inrh mm "
"Yes, I think it would be right; that j
is, i do not think it would be right ! would meet tne situation.
to send untrained men into combat,! -"They said they thought the War
but I would not hesitate if ihe neces- department plan was an improve
sity should arise, to send raw re- ment," insisted Senator Weeks,
cruits to France to be trained there i With that the committee adjourned
and adequately trained, if General
Pershing thought it the wisest thing
to do. They can be trained m I ranee
as well as here.
Senator McKellar asserted and
Secretary Baker admitted that train
ing abroad would cost more.
Senator Reed suggested that a
shortage of shipping might make it
wise to send men across to Be trained
without holding them m this coun
try for their training.
General Pershing Knows.
"General Pershing," Secretary
Baker explained, "knows exactly
what is needed to make a finished
.soldier for this kind of warfare. He
sends us his priority schedules wheth
er for shipment of artillery, infantry,
signal corps or other arms of the
service. It depends on the length of
time he wants thera to have additional
training."
Senator McKellar said Surgeon
General Gorgas had testified that Sec
retary Baker' had directed that can
tonments . be completed before hos
pitals were finished.
"Why did you do that?" demanded
the senator.
"I never gave any order on that
subject, nor do I recall any diver
gence of opinion between the surgeon
general and myself," replied the sec
retary. Army Men Fear Sabotage.
Senator McKellar then took up the
order forbidding publication or army
contracts. Mr. BakeT explained that
ihe only object was to prevent pub
lication of lists ot plants maicing war
supplies', as military men feared "or
ganized campaigns of sabotage."
"1 am oerfectlv willing to con
cede," he said, "that the order has
lost its significance.. We may have
hem oversensitive. I entirely share
your view that the utmost publicity
should be given.
Senator Wadsworth .asked Mr.
Baker to explain the functions of
Edward R. Stettinius. recently ap
pointed surveyor general of War de
partment supply. '
Mr. Baker said he naa toia nr.
Stettinius that his "functions were to
grow," and that the theory was to
brine the needs ot the nve purchasing
bureaus before Mr. Stettinius, so he
might review them and straighten
out conflicting needs.
Will Ask for Legislation.
I won't hesitate to come to con
gress for leeislation as soon as it is
apparent that it is necessary," Secre
tary Baker added.
Have you changed your views re
garding the minister of munitions
bill?" asked Senator Weeks.
"Discussion of a minister of muni
tions is difficult unless we know just
what is meant," the secretary replied.
"I think we have now an agency
that correlates all the purchases of
the War department."
This agency included shipping, he
added, saying he did not think it
would be necessary "to wrench out"
the systems now used, which would
result, should such a measure be
passed.
lhat Daniel WiUard and Bernard
Baruch of the war industries board
had "testified strongly" in favor of
centralized purchasing power, was
cited by Senator McKellar.
Don t vou think it is time we
should listen to these men of experi
ence? he asked
"I think the difficulty of the board
has not been lacking power. Secre
tary Baker replied, "but lack of facili
ties to do all of the things it has been
gradually preparing itself to do.
Changed Mind Constantly.
"So far as I know there is no dif
ference between them and me. All of
us have changed our minds con
stantly. ,
"But," he added,' "nothing could be
more unfortunate than to start all
over again with a centralized pur
chasing agency outside of the. depart
ments." t
; Senator - McKellar and others hur
riedly broke in with statements that
such was not the purpose.
"The purpose is to use all estab
lished agencies not changing them
at alt, but merely putting them all un
der.one central authority," said Sen
ator McKellar.
"Isn't it true that Mr. Stettinius
virtually is a director of munitions
today in the War department?"
asked Senator Frelinghuysen.
"A little' more than that," Secre
tary Baker replied. "Because the mu
nitions director under the English
system does not deal with the variety
of things that Mr. Stettinius does."
' Board a Production Agency.
Secretary Baker added that the war
industries board is not a purchasing
agency, but rather ' a production
agency.
"Why don't you put Mr. Stettinius
hat the head of the Council for Na
tional Defense and the war industries
board and make him, in effect, direc
tor of munitions?" asked Senator
Frelinghuysen.
"There is no occasion for the in-r
tervention of a new body," replied
Mr. Baker. ' . ,
The problem of the war industries
board, Mr. Baker added, was not only
to determine priority between the
government departments but also to
distribute orders so as to dislocate
industry as little as 'possible.
"Should you not have another de
partment to act as a clearing house,
headed by a business man and direct
all purchases?" persisted Senator Fre
linghuysen. . , . ,
"No," insisted Mr.' Baker. "I think
that would be a mistake.?' -
Senator Weeks , asked if J if were
shown that fa majority of business
men called to aid the government
were of the opinion that legislation
for centralizing a munitions director
was necessary, would the secretary
change his attitude.
"But I agree with. them," declared
the secretaryN v . -
"But you are not doing that," said
Senator Weeks. '
"I think we are." said the secretary.
"I can't find a single business man
of any standing who does not agree
that the proposition provided tor in
the munitions director bill should be
adopted," continued Senator Weeks.
"My memory is that these gentle
men did not endorse this. bill." de-i
clared Senator Beckham, democrat of
Kentucky, referring to the testimony
given before th committee by civil
ian members of the various war
boards.- .' f .. ' , '
"They did express the idea - that
there should bi some centralization
of power in purchasing," he added.
"Some tliougnt tnat tne reorgamza-
tion plan of the War department
until an executive session tomorrow
morning, when it will examine Major
General Wheeler on supplies of ex
plosives.
After Secretary Baker submits his
statistics another public hearing may
be arranged.
Guns From France
In Exchange for Raw
Materials FromTI.S,
(Continued From Page One.)
that "no event of wider import has
ever taken place since the beginning
of the war." He continued:
Strength of Numbers.
"Thus your government with a
clear and courageous view, has given
you the strength of numbers, the first
condition of military power. In April,
1917, you had 9,524 officers and 202,
510, men. You have now 110,000 of
ficers and 1,500,000 men, and the num
ber of your men in France at the
present moment is notably in excess ,
of the establishment of ypur army
nine months ago.
trance, he said, has taken every
necessary measure" so that America
can complete,Jn France, the training
begun here." Regarding aviation,
American developments had been "be
yond all expectation, he declared
He outlined how America had helped
the entente also financially a..d with
shipping, food and fuel aid which he
described as immense and con
elusive."
"However, on special points," he
added, alluding to his association with
officials at Washington, "I believe
that mistakes have been made, I say
it frankly; the heads of the cabinet
or the heads of your departments
know it from their own experience."
"Some people in Europe as well as
here," he said, "have been wondering
why you should not, in that respect,
have done everything by yourselves.
This criticism shows that those peo
ple ignore, firstly, what time means
in war and, secondly, how infinitely
complicated is the industrial war
organization, which from the very
start is required by the extensive pro
duction of ordnance and aviation .
"I have drawn roughly the results
of the military effort of the United
States for a period of less than 10
months. I do not believe that any im
partial man should say that this ef
fort is now completed, but 1 declare
that any impartial man must admit its
wonderful extension and splendid
achievements.
Money was the first aid needed by
the allies, Mr. Tardieu went on, say
ing:
' Money Not Sufficient.
"But lit was not sufficient. Indeed
for lack of a'general organization of
production the United States and the
allies would have competed with each
other in every factory, and sterility
would , have resulted from this an
archy. But in this respect I may state
and no one can be better informed
than the representative of one of the
allied countries that the centralized
organization realized for the allies by
the war industries board and the war
purchasing commission is excellent
in every way.
"During the month -of December
last, the high commission called the
attention of the shipping board to a
crisis affecting very seriously our sup
ply in gasoline and oil for the first
two months of 1918., loday the
measures taken by the board allow
me to state that this imminent peril is
absolutely conjured for those two
months.
Coal to Ships.
"Last January 17. when arriving in
New York, I found 37 ships unable to
sail for France on account of lack
of coal; on. January 18, the restrictiqn
orders for coal were issued by the
fuel administration and when I left
New York on the 22d all our ships
had coal.
"More recently I have found myself
obliged together with my allied col
leagues to draw the, attention of Mr.
McAdoo and Mr. Hoover to the insuf
ficient arrival of cereals in the Ameri
can ports. I am convinced that the
measures which were immediately
studied and decided upon, unani
mously will bring forhe next month
a decisive, improvement. Their exe
cution has already begun." , .
Mr. Tardieu reviewed what France
is doing today. ,
"Officers and soldiers mobilised on
January 1, 1918, not including te na
tive troops from the colonies and the
workmen in the. factories," he said,
"amount to 4,725,000 'men, of whom
nearly 3,000,000 are in th$ army, zone.
"The extent of the western front
is 755 kilbmetersi Belgians hold 25,
English, 165; French. 565. We hold,
therefore, three-quarters of it. We
A Baked
Cereal Food
Different from the usual
run of toasted or steam
cooked cereals,' ,
is baked in giant ovens
baked for nearly twenty
hours under accurate con
ditions of heat, so that the
whole Wheat and malted
barley flours may develop
their full, rich sweetness.
You don't need sugar on
Grape-Nuts.
"There's a Reason
Grape-Ruts
have in front of us 80. German d-v:-sions.
That means two-thirds of the
German first line troops and more
than half of the German reserve divi
sions. The Germans do not entrust
to any one l jtheir divisions a front
larger than six kilometers, ours often
hold nine kilometers each."
Smallpox in Bisbee.
Bisbee, Ariz., Feb. 6. All motion
picture shows and theaters and other
public gathering places in Bisbee and
the Warren district were closed this
afternoon by the county and city
health authorities, in establishing a
rigid quarantine against the further
spread of smallpox. The,re are 12
cases in the district, seven of which
were reported today.
For GRAV HAIR
MO matter how gray, streaked or
faded your hair may be, one to
three applications will make it
light brown, dark brown or black,
whichever shade you desire. It does
not rub off; Is not sticky or greasy
and leaves the hair fluffy.
A $100.00 Gold Bond
Yon need not hesitate to use, Orlex, m a tlOO
Gold Bond cornea in each box guaranteeing
that Orlei Powder does cot contain silver,
leaji sulphur, mercury, aniline, coal-tar
products or their derivatives.
Get a 25c box of Orlex Powders at any
drug store. Di solve it in one ounce of water
and comb it through the hair. Or send ut
the coupon below and get a free trial package.
Free Samplp Coupon
ORLIX MANUMCTURINa 00.
101 L BMkmanatNewYoriN.Y.
iRivsneveroMdOtln. Plmie stod qm Res
Jrial packaga is plain wrapper.
Nun..,
StTMt.,
City....
.Rule.,
RELIABLE METHOD OF HAIR CARE
Hair is by far the most conspicu
ous thing about us and is probably
the most easily damaged by bad or
careless treatment. If, we are very
careful in hair washing, we will have
virtually no hair troubles. An espe
cially fine shampoo for this weather,
one that brings out all the natural
beauty of the hair, that dissolves and
entirely removes all dandruff, excess
oil and dirt, can easily be used at
trifling expense by simply dissolving:
a teaspoonful of Canthrox (which
you can get at any druggists), in a
cup of hot water. This makes a full
cup of shampoo liquid, enough so it
is easy to apply it to all the hair in
stead of just the top of the head.
This chemically dissolves all impuri
ties and creates a soothing, cooling
lather. Rinsing leaves the scalp spot
lessly! clean, soft and pliant, while
the hair takes on the glossy richness
of natural color, also a fluffiness
which makes it seem much heavier
than it is. After Canthrox sham
poo, arranging the hair is a pleas
ure. Advertisement
Bell-ans
Absolutely Removes
Indigestion. Druggists
refund money if it fails. 25c
A neglected cold in a child's head
often leads to chronic catarrh and
catarrhal deafness stunting child
ren's mental growth, making them '
appear stupid.
TiyKondorfs
for ihe
(at no charge to you)
SO, OCA, 000 have ated this 9-rear-oldl
remedy. For chronlo catarrn, sore -newp.
coughs, Co I tig, sneezing, nose,
hlf-ed, etc Write us for complimen
tary can, orbuj tube at druggist's.
It will benefit jon FOOR ti mot more
than it costs, or we par monej back,
for trial cab free write to
mm un- co., Miiiuriui, Mm.
BETTER THAN CALOMEL
Thousands Have Discovered Dr.
Edwards' Olive Tablets are
a Harmless Substitute. -
Dr. Edwards Olive Tablets tiie substi
tute for calomel are a mild but sure
laxative, and their effect on the liver is
almost Instantaneous. They are the result
of Dr. Edwards' determination not to treat
liver and bowel complaints with calomel.
His efforts to banish it brought out these
little olive-colored tablets. .
; These pleasant little tablets do the good
that calomel does, but have no bad .after
i effects. . They don't injure the teethlike
strong liquids or calomel. They take hold
1 of the trouble and quickly correct it Why
cure the Liver at the expense of the teeth?
Calomel sometimes plays havoc with the
gums. Sodo strong liquids. It is best not
to take calomel, but to let Dr. Edwards'
Olive Tablets take its place
1 Most headaches, "dullness" and that
lazy feeling come from constipation and
a disordered liver. Take Dr Edwards
Olive Tablets when you feel "loggy" and
"heavy " Note how they Mcleardouded
brain and how they "perk up" the spirits.
Vjc and 25c a box. All druggists. .
STOP YUUjI UUUliHIfiG
No teed tlet that eoagb oerstat Stoc tha
Irritation and remove tickling and hoerse
oeaa reiievbif the Inflamed throat oitb
r!9 rit!lfW
Utmtmi tan. mnwm UAwn. trj
Mf Cere MutK-ufa-coi.
asj na tamlkt a
Tlx wiH attaa prareont
SET"- 25c
'.Ahiiiiv
3
Glim
i
