8 A
THE OMAHA SUNDAY BEE: APRIL 22, 1917.
END OF THE WAR ,
IS M IN SIGHT
Senor Gimeno, Spanish Min
, ister, Unable to Believe
This Achieved.
ALLIED SECRETARY
Commander-in-Chief and Division
Commanders of the Atlantic Fleet
ENGLAND PLANS
BLAMES GERMANY
TO PAY OFF DEBT
MGCQ
HANDLES U. S. INTERESTS
IC'orreKpondvnc. of The Associated Press.)
Madrid, March 31. According to
some of llie advices reaching Spain,
the end of the European war is not
likely to occur this year.
His excellency, Senor Amalio Gim
eno, Spanish minister for foreign af
fairs, expressed this view to a repre
sentative of The Associated Press in
the course of a conversation held at
the ministry of slate.
Spain occupies a unique position as
the representative of most of the na
tions at war and as such it is in a posi
tion to gauge the currents of informa
tion which flow in from all the quar
ters directly connected with the con
flict. It protected the interests of
some of these countries from the first.
and has recently taken up most of the
others laid down bv the United States
on the severance of relations with
Germany. Already it had been vague
ly conjectured that the end of the
war was a good way off, but this was
the first expression from one in au
thority, based on the unusual oppor.
ttinities of the central mediating new
ftal to judge the real conditions and
outlook.
End Is in. Doubt.
"We have all hoped that this ter
rible conflict could be brought to a
close this vear." the minister went on
"perhaps in the early months of the
fall and certainly by the end of the
year. But I am sorry to say some
of the information now reaching me
is contrary to these hopes, although I
am unanie to mane any positive siaic
ment, the end may come next year,
but even that is a matter of doubt.
To be sure, there is always the possi
bility of a sudden and more favorable
turn of affairs which may bring a
crisis and an unexpected termination
of hostilities. But, generally speaking,
jet are obliged to accept the evidences
k of the present.
Change in Consulates.
This change of personnel in the
Spanish consulates of Germany which
Senor Gimeno announces will over
come a situation which had been
pointed out by some of the American
consuls passing through here from
Germany on .their way home. They
stated that at Cologne and some other
points the Spanish consul now in
charge of American interests was a
local German resident. This same
condition prevails in the American
and British consular service, where
local residents are often employed in
consulates not of sufficient importance
to warrant sending a native-horn
American or British consul. Spain is
seeing that such a situation does not
apply to the care of American inter
cuts in Germany,
"It is Spain which has accepted the
representation of the United Slates,"
said the minister, "and I am seeing to
it that Spanish subjects only shall be
in charge of these interests. All our
preparations have been made for tak
ing up the relief of Belgium and in
vaded trance, begun by the American
Relief commission, if the necessity
arises."
Senor Gimeno was asked what
measures Spain had adopted to pro
tect its food supplies becouse of the
world shortage resulting from the
war.
Protect Food Supplies.
"We have prohibited the exporta
tion! of practically all the essential
articles of food," he said. "This does
not mean an embargo on all exports,
but only on those affecting alimenta
tion and nourishment. This is a meas
ure of self-protection for our stock of
food supplies. It is the same measure
of protection which other countriesin
Europe are taking. The others have
suffered much more than we in Spain,
but we pre taking no chances on hav
ing our food resources drained off by
the fiRhling nations. The cost of liv
ing has increased considerably in
Spain because of the war, but nothing
like the increase in other countries.
"Because of this precaution, we
have prohibited the export of wheat,
fU.ur, potatoes, beans, vegetables of
alt sorts, meat, poultry, eggs, milk,
hotter and the whole range of daily
household requirements, But this does
not interfere with the exportation of
our products of iron, olive oil, fruit
and other articles not essential to the
food requirements of our people."
When asked if these restrictions on
export trade were due to the dangers
of transport through the submarine
Tones, Senor Gimeno said"
"Not at all. The submarine question
has nothing to do with our prohibition
cf exports. , It is merely a matter of
self-protection against possible want
among our people should the increas
ing demand for foodstuffs become
acute later, in case of short crops
'among the nations which are giving
Sill their energies to fighting instead
of producing tQod."
Senor Gimeno had a closing word
to say on the good relations between
Spain and the United States, and his
belief that out of the war would arise
an even greater community of inter
tst between Spain and America,
North and South, a community which
he will seek to encourage and develop
commercially, politically, and in every
branch of international intercourse.
More Fever Just Like
Gold Fever in Days of '49
Maastricht, Netherlands, March 30.
What gold was to the Californian
"Forty-Niners," limestone marl is, on
a smaller scale, t the inhabitants of
southern Limburg. Claims are being
slaked, deals in "rights" are plentiful
on the "marl exchange" and everyone
who owns a few square yards of land
is busy working his little marl mine, if
he has nothing more to do it with
than a pickaxe, a spade and a hand
barrow. In short, every South Lim
burger has caught the marl fever and
talks about nothing else.
South Limburg js rich in limestone
marl, a mixture of calcium carbonate
and clay, which occurs in the form of
rock marl, ordinary marl loose marl.
Up to the outbreak of the war onlv
the rock marl was used, being quar-
iicb ior uuuuing material, since the
beginning of the war it has been
found that the loose marl is valuable
as a fertilizer and useful in the card
board industry, the manufacture f
glass, and in the sugar and cement
industries. Then the hitherto despised
potential gold, and its exploitation
soon assumed large proportions.
Baron Denys-Cochin Says Teu
tons First Started Mine
Laying.
TWO METHODS COMPARED
(Corre;,,cnilence of The Associated Press.)
Paris, March 31. Baron Denys
Cochin, under secretary of the for
cign office in charge of blockade ques
tions, in a talk with American corre
spondents on the entente blockade
policy against Germany, said:
"Dr. von Bethmann-Hollweg, the
German chancellor, and Dr. Alfred
Zimmcrmann, the German foreign
secretary, in their recent declarations
sought to throw upon the entente the
responsibility for a continuance of
bloodshed. They talked of a blockade
which, it was asserted, was causing
the death of women and children. The
entente is not at all responsible for a
situation which it did not create and
which grows out of the most un
qualified aggression. The blockade,
such as the Germans understand it,
does not resemble in any way that
which we have organized and which
we are pursuing.
Zimmermann's (View,
"Xf. Zimmermann complains of
the inhuman extension Great Britain
is making in the North Sea war zone
that is to say, the laying of mines to
bar the way of the submarines. But
who ts it that started to lay mines?
It was not the allies, but Germany.
England, before the war, notably in
1907 at the Hague, showed itself hos
tile to the use of submarine mines.
Germany demanded the right to use
mines, in terms, furthermore, which
would hardly permit one to foresee
the use which it would make of them.
From the early days of the war Ger
many spread mines in the North Sea
and elsewhere around the English
coasts in order to intercept the com
mercial routes. The allied admiralties
hrst announced the fact in order to
warn peaceful navigation and then
gave notice of retaliatory measures
which they regretfully announced
they, would have to take. The laying
of mines in open sea assuredly is
destructive to the liberty of the sea.
It affects the innocent as much as the
neutrals.
"M. Zimmermann attributes to
the entente the oroiect of waffinor a
war of extermination, not only against
ine armies ot tne central empires, but
also against women and children. The
entente powers have never had such
black designs. ThW want to obtain
reparation for the past, guarantees for
the future. They desire to obtain
them with the least loss and suffering
possible. They asked only to main
tain peace attacked, thev were
obliged to struggle to conquer that
peace. They hope to accomplish it
at the lowest possible cost; they wish
to compel their adversaries to yield.
They have no desire to exterminate
tnem. ihey do not profess, as does
the German manual of instructions to
officers, that 'humanitarian consider,
ations such as those respecting the
care of persons and their property
can only come into question if the
nature and aim of the war permits of
it and that the only real humanity
rests frequently in the employment of
severity.'
Example of Paris.
"France does not believe that it is
required to renounce the use of nres-
sure and constraint, the legitimacy of
which has been admitted by all states
and notably by Germany. M. Zim
mermann complains that the women
and children surfer from the obstacles
placed by the allies to the feeding of
Germany. Bismarck, did he not re
fuse an armistice in 1870 asked for by
Jules Favre because he did not wish
to allow Paris to be reprovisioned,
which would prolong 'the time neces-
Ar? to r?duce the ci,y y famine!'
And the citv of Paris, was it imf im
pelled by famine only to capitulate in
1871? Is not a blockade which stops
all communication by sea recognized
inproceedure of war as lawful?
"M, Zimmerman renroanirs th -
tente for injuring indirectly women
and children who suffer from the
dearth of food, who would not suffer
nr more n uermany would resign it
self to yield as Paris did in 1871. But
Zimmermann, has he ever reproached
Germany for havinsr ouite Hirrrftu in.
jured women and children of France
and Belgium, massacred bv German
troops at the beginning of the war.
or for having them put in front of
uib armies to serve as a shield? Has
he protested against the deportations
which have caused the revival of slav
ery in a country occupied by the Ger
man armies?
Ai to the Blockade.
"As to this German submarine cam.
pugn, it is quite wrongfully that one
claims to give it the name of a block
ade. Tna expression is base on an
ambiguity. There is nothing in com
mon between a blockade regulated by
international law and the measures
taken by Germany. Germany destroys
systematically the vessels and their
cargoes without regard for the lives
ot the passengers and crews. In case
of error the crime is irreparable. The
entente operates quite the contrary,
-t limits itself to confiscating or stop-
i ;B w.iviiaiiuie coming trom tr
going to Germany. There i in n
cases the guaranty of the jurisdiction
'Germany defends t1, n,ln'j. ,.c
the liberty of the sea in sending to
ttte bottom of the seas neutral as well
as enemy merchant ships. The entente
tries amid difficulties to prevent the
provisioning of the enemy and to
maintain respect for inoffensive navi
gation. However rigorous may ap
pear its solutions at times, those rig-
in view al ,east none but
material objects; they stop before
persons and incline before the
Cies of humanity.
"I! . .'.L. . .. . .
i , , "-vi ine notion ot tne old
blockade, that which the allies' block
ade approaches the most, can if not
be admitted that it is nearly effective?
i here is not one ship in fifty that suc
ceeds in avoiding the vigilance of our
cruisers. ,
The German Blockade.
"AS tO the'nritllr1n rtjr.nr, t,1--l.
adc by submarines, it doesn't stop one
m a nunarea; tne statistics of en
tries into our ports and the ports of
our allies prove that eloquently. The
effect most evident of the so-called
blockade which Germany has pre
tended to establish has been to show,
-AOMIRAZ. KAYO
REAK-AD GlEAVEC
Here are the commanders of the
great Atlantic fleet who in all prob
ability will be the first officers to
lead into action any portion of the
armed forces of the United States.
Admiral Henry T. Mayo is the commander-in-chief
of the fleet, his flag
ship being the mighty super-dreadnought
Pennsylvania, generally cred
ited with being the most powerful
battleship afloat. Vice Admiral De
Witt Coffman has command of the
battleship force of. the fleet, and is
second in command to Admiral
once again, the radical difference of
the principles of the two groups of
belligerents. It is this which cannot
lail immediately to strike the neutrals.
"No one has been surprised to see
President Wilson pledge himself to
the resolute policy of which you are
aware. This policy was one which
could be expected on the part of the
eminent jurist who knew so well how
to characterize and stigmatize the
doctrines and principles of our ene
mies." China Is Considering the '
Rebuilding of Taku Forts
(Correspondenca of Th Associated Press.)
Tien-Tsin, China, March 10. Ad
j
It Will Soon
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Mayo. His flagship is the Wyoming
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liam L. Rodgers is in command of
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such as colliers, supply ships, etc.
miral Cheng Pi-kuang, minister of
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1
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General Distributors.
Empire Resources Development
Committee Is Formed for
This Purpose.
DEVELOP ALL UTILITIES
(Correspondence of The Associated Press.)
Londjun, March 22. A plan to
make the fishing resources of Hudson
Bay, the whale oil of the South Seas
and the jute trade of India help pay
off the huge debt w ith which the Brit
ish empire will find itself burdened at
the close of the war, has been
launched here through the formation
of the Empire Development commit
tee, with Sir Starr Jameson, the or
ganizer of the Jameson raid, as
chairman.
The plan is to put the work in the
hands of captains of industry whose
business would be the development of
potential wealth, i he state would
Lback the enterprise, would enlist the
work ot experts, who would seek out
the most valuable resources of the
empire and exploit them for the bene
fit of the people.
Use for the state after the war of
the fishing fleet now engaged in mine
sweeping, is one of the novel sugges
tions of Alfred Bigland, member of
the House of Commons and a leading
business man who has traveled ex
tensively in the United States.
"We should tap," said Mr. Bigland,
"the fisheries in the Pacific ocean bor
dering on British Columbia;- in the
mouth of the St. Lawrence, and in the
waters around Newfoundland and
Labrador. We could become the pur
veyors of fish in all forms almost to
the whole world. '
"Already Newfoundland is sending
on an average of 300.000 tons of cod
to the Mediterranean- and neutral
countries. There is practically no limit
to the quantity and the Grand Trunk
Pacific railway has already offered us
refrigerating plants to bring fish from
Prince Rupert Island to Liverpool at
2 cents a ton, which would be reduced
still further on government contracts.
Use War Boats.
"After the war, if the government
allowed it, all the vessels now used
in the North Sea for mine sweeping
and other purposes, could be used to
form the nucleus of an empire fishing
fleet.
"Cold storage houses should be
built intowns all over the land and
profits from the sale of fish caught by
the state fleet should go into the
state treasury. The fishermen would
be paid acccording to the size of the
catch, with a guaranteed minimum."
Mr. Bigland said that he believed
that four times as much fish might be
scld in this country as was sold be
fore the war and that the state might
make a gross profit of $180,000,000 a
year.
Must Be Done.
"It may be said." he added, "that
this is socialism run rampant, but it is
coming whether we like it or not."
An additional plan of the commit
tee is that the state provide for the
development of water supplies, rail
ways, harbors, grain elevators or fac
tories ior the handling of agricultural
products in order to "utilize state
owned land for the purpose of meet
ing state liabilities." After such ex
penditure the state should sell the
land to private individuals or corpora
tions. The purpose of the state expendi
ture on facilities would be to attract
settlers, who would be prepared to
pay a higher price for land if facilities
for transport were already provided.
The state would thus not only own
the railways, but would receive large
sums from the sale of land.
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