TJJK BEE: OMAHA, WEDNESDAY, DEUKM15EK 8, 1!H5.
Increase in Army and Navy-Urged as Viiai
4
President Wilson Addresses Congress on
National Defense and Other Timely Matters
Importance of Preparedness is Em
phasized and Need for Additional
Revenue is Plainly Pointed Out
Merchant Marine Also Urged as
Necessary to Proper Defense Pro
gram. WASHINGTON, Deo. 7. President Wilson addressed the
senate and house of representatives in joint session at noon to
day. He said:
"Gentlemen of the congress: Sine I
last had ths privilege ef sddresslng you
on lh stats of the union the war of
notion on the other aide of the sea,
which had then only begun trt disclose
It portentous proportion, haa extended
Its threatening and sinister scope until It
has" swept within Its flame some portion
of every quarter of the (lobe, not except
ing our own hemisphere, haa altered the
whole fact of International affairs, and
row presents a prospect of reorganisa
tion and reconstruction such aa states
men and peoplos have never been called
upon to attempt before.
"We have stood apart, studiously neu
tral. It was our manifest duty to do so.
Not only did we have no part or interest
In the policies which seem to have
brought the conflict on: Jt waa necessary,
If a universal catastrophe ass ta be
avoided, that a limit should he act to the
sweep of destructive war and that some
I art of the great family of natlona should
keep the processes of peace alive. If only
to prevent collective economic ruin and
the breakdown throughout the world of
the industries by which its populations
are fed and austalned. It waa mani
festly the duty of the self-governed na
tions of this hemisphere to redress, If pos
sible, the balam-o of economic losa and
confusion In the other. If they could do
nothing more. la the day of readjust
ment and recuperation we earnestly hope
and believe that they can be of Infinite
service.
"In this neutrality. In which they were
bidden not only by their separate life
and their habitual detachment from the
political of Europe but also by a clear
perception of International duty, the
statea of America have become conscious
of a new and more vital community of
Interest and moral partnership In affairs,
more clearly conscious of the many com
mon sympathies and Interests and duties
which bid them atand together.
t.enesle af Mssrss Doe trine.
"There waa a time In the early daya of
our own great nation and of the republics
fighting their way to Independence In
Central and South America, when the
government of the United Btatea looked
upon itself as in aome sort the guardian
of the republics to the south of It as
against any encroachments or efforts at
political control from the other side of
the water; felt It ita duty to play the
part even without Invitation from them;
and I think that we can claim that the
task waa undertaken with a trua and dis
interested enthusiasm for the freedom of
the Americas and the unmolested self
government of ita Independent peoples.
Hut it waa always difficult to maintain
such a -ole without offense to the pride
of the peoplea whose freedom of action
we sought to protect, and without pro
voking serious misconceptions of our mo
tives, and every thoughtful man of af
fairs must welcome the altered circum
stances of the new day in whose light
we now stand, when there la no claim
of guardianship or thought of wards, but.
instead, a full and honorable association
aa of partners between oursolves and our
neighbors. In the Interest of all America,
north and south. Our concern for the in
dependence end prosperity of the statea
of Central and South America la not al
tered. We retain unabated the spirit that
haa Inspired us throughout the whole life
of our government and which waa so
frankly put Into word by President Mon
roe. We still mean always to make a
common cause of national independence
and of political liberty In America. - But
that purpose is now better understood so
far as it concerns ourselves. It is known
not to be a selfish purpose. It la known
to have In it no thought of taking ad
vantage of any government In this hemi
sphere or playing Its political fortunes
for our own benefit. All the governments
of America atand, so far as we are con
National Defense Most Important
Topic Now Before American People
"Titers is, I venture to point out, an
especial significance Just now attaching
to the whole matter ot drawing tha
Americas together la bonds of honorable
,.k,i uiu. wup and mutual advantage be
cause of the economic readjuatmenta
which the world must Invariably witness
w'iMn the next generation, when peace
shall have at last resumed Its health
ful tanka. In. the performance ot these
teaks I believe the Americas to be de
ntinel to play their parta together. 1
am Interested to fix your attention en
this proepect now because unless you
take it within your view and permit the
full significance of It to command your
thought 1 cannot find the right light In
which to set forth the particular matter
that lie at the very front of my whole
thought aa I address you today. I mean
national defense.
'"Na on who really comprehends the
ni'lrll of the great people for whom w
u. appointed to speak can tail to per-et-lvs
that their paaaion. ia for peace,
thitr genius best displayed in the practice
of the art of. peace. Great democracies
are not belligerent. They do not seek
i,r dexlre war.. Their thought IS of in
dividual liberty and of the fie labor
that support life and the uncenaored
thousht that ult keiis It- Conquest and
dominion are not in our reckoning, or
agreeable to our principle. But just be
cause we demand unmolested develop
ment and the undloturocd govrnment of
uur una lite uir.ni uur own principle
nf light and liberty, w resent, from
whatever quarter It may coin, the ag
gression w ourt-). will not pracUo.
We 11U.IM ui.un security In prosecuting
our i 1 f c hoeen lima of nullumd devel
opment. We do mure than that. V de
ji.anrj li tUu fir others. Wt tiu i.ot tut,-
cerned, upon a footing of genuine equality
and unquestioned independence.
Well Tested In Mrs ton.
"Wt have' been put to the test In the
case of Mexico, and we have stood the
test. Whether we have benefited Mexico
by the course we have pursued remains
to be seen. Her fortunes are In her own
hands. But we have at least proved that
we will not take advantage of her In her
distress and undertake to Itnpoae upon
her an order and government of our own
choosing. Liberty Is often a fierce and In
tractable thing, to which no bound ran
be set. and to which no bounds of a few
men's choosing ought ever to be set.
Every American who haa drunk at the
true fountalne of principle and tradition
must subscribe without reservation to
the high doctrine of the Virginia BUI of
Rights, which in the great dsys In which
our government was set up was every
where amongit us accepted as tha creed
of free men. That doctrine la. That gov
ernment Is, or ought to be, instituted for
the common benefit, protection and secur
ity of the people, nation or community;'
thst 'of all the various modes and forms
of government, that la the best which is
capable of producing the greatest degree
of happiness and safety, and ia moat ef
fectually secured against t) dsnger of
maladministration; and that, when any
government shall be found Inadequate or
contrary to these purposes, a majority
of ths community hath an Indubitable,
Inalienable and Indefeasible right to re
form, alter cr abolish It, In such manner
aa shall be Judged most conducive to the
public weal.' We have unhesitatingly ap
plied that heroic principle to the case of
Mexico, and now hopefully await the re
birth of the troubled republic, which had
so much of whlcji to purge Itself and so
little sympathy from any outside quarter
In the radical but necessary process. We
will aid and befriend Mexico, but we
will not coerce her: and our course with
regard to her ought to be sufficient proof
to all America that we seek no political
suserainty or selfish control.
No Lesser Hostile' HI rata. ( '
"The moral la, that the states of Amer
ica are not hostile rivals but co-operating
friends, and that their growing sense of
community of li.treet, alike In matters
political and In matters economic, is likely
to give them a new significance as factors
in International affairs and in ths politi
cal history of the world. It presents them
as In a very deep and true sense a unit
In world affairs, spiritual partners,
standing together because thinking to
gether, quick with common sympathies
and common Idnala. Separated they are
subject to, all M cross currents of the
confused politics of a world of hostile
rivalries; united In spirit and purpose
they cannot be disappointed ot their
peaceful destiny.
"This la ran-Amerlcanlara. It has
none of the spirit of empire In It It is
the embodiment, thr effectual embodi
ment, of the spirit of law and Inde
pendence and liberty and mutual aervlce.
"A very notable body of men recently
met hi the city of Washington, at the
Invitation and as the guests of this gov
ernment, whose deliberation are likely
to be looked back to as marking a
memorable turning point. In tha history
of America. They 'were representative
spokesmen of the several Independent
atatea of this hemisphere and were as
sembled to discus the financial and
commercial relatione of ths republics of
the two continents which nature and po
litical fortune have so Intimately linked
together. I earnestly recommend to your
peruaal the reports of their proceedings
and of the actions of their committees.
You will get from them, I think, a fresh
conception of the ease and Intelligence
and advantage with which Americana ot
both continents may draw together in
practical co-operation and of what the
material foundations of this hopeful part
nership of interests must consist, of how
we should build them and of how neces
sary it la that we should hasten their
building.
tine our enthusiasm for Individual liberty
and' free national development to the In
cidents and movements of affaire which
affect only ourselves. Ws feel It wher
ever there Is a people that triea to walk
In these difficult paths of Independence
snd right. From the first we have rttade
common cause with all part Wans of lib
erty on this side the sea. and have
deemed It a important that our neigh
bors should be free from all outside
domination as that we ourselves should
be; have set America aside a a whole
for the uses of Independent natlona and
political freemen.
Oar View ef War.
"Out of such thoughts grew all ouri
policies. We
regaro war merely as a
m
mean of asserting tha rights of a people
against aggression.' And ' we are ar
fiercely Joalou of coercive or dictatorial
power within our own nation as of ar-
grasioa from without We will notj
maintain a atandlng army exo.pt for !
uses which are a. necessary In Ut.
or peace as in times or war: snd we shall . rrulaere three scout cruisers, fifteen
always see to it thst our military peace ,MW 'fV, fleet submarines, twtn
establlahment Is no larger than Is. actually ; ty.nv cot submarines, two gunbosts.
aad continuously needed' for the uses' an4
one hospital ship, the second year,
of days In which no snemles move, (w0 battleships, one scout cruiser, ten
against us. But we do betlee In a body "; troy.rs. four fleet submarines, fifteen
of free cltlsens ready and aufflclent com submarines one gunboat and ons
take ears of themselves and of the gov I fuel oil ship: the third year, two bat
emmenta which thoy have set up to serve ' ti, .1,1 pa, one battle cruiser, two scout
them. In our constitution themselves we ' cruisers, five destroyers, two fleet Sub
have commanded that the right of the 1 marlnee and fifteen coast submarines;
paopls to keep and bear arms shall not ths fourth year, two batt'eshlps. two
be tcfringsd.' and our confidence ha battle cruisers, two scout crulssrs, tan
been that our safety In times of danger destroyers, two tluet submarines, fifteen
would lie In the rising of the nation to ' coast submarines, ons am rtuntlcn ship
Uke rare of Itself, as the farmera rose j and one fuel oil ship; and tne fifth year.
at Lexington.
"But r bis sever bten unc inattcr
of men and gun. It Is a thing of dis
ciplined might. If our cltlsens are ever
to fight effectively upon a sudden sum
mons, they must know how modern
fighting Is done, and what to do when
the summons comes to render themselves
Immediately available and Immediately
effective. And the government must be
their servant in this matter, must supply
them with the training they need to tk
care of themselves and of It. The mill'
tary arm of their government, which
they will not allow to direct them, they
may properly use to serve them and
make their Independence secure and not
their own Independence merely but the
rights also of those with whom they
have made common cause, should they
also be put in Jeopardy. They must be
fitted to play the great role In the world,
snd particularly In this hemisphere, for
which they are qualified by principle and
by chastened ambition to play.
"It I with these Meals in mind that
the plans of the Department of War for
more adequate national defense were
conceived which will be laid before you.
and which I urge you fo sanction and
put Into effect a aoon as thoy can lie
properly scmtln led and dlacuaed. They
seem to me the essential first steps, and
they eee.m to me for the present suffi
cient Increase la Poree Desired.
"They contemplate an Increase of the
standing force of the regular army from
Its present strength of b.021 officers and
102.98 enlisted men of all service to a
strength of T.U9 officers and IM.TW en
listed tnen, or 141,843, all told, all services,
rank and file, by the addition of fifty
two companies of Coast artillery, fifteen
companies of engineers, ten regiments of
infantry, four regiments of field srllltery,
and four aero squadrons, besides 75) of
ficers required for a great Varioty of
extra service, especially ths all Important
duty of training the cltlxen force of whl ih
I shall presently spesk, 702 nonoommls- j
sioned officers for service In drill, . re
, oruitlng and the like, and tha necessary
quota of enlisted men for the quarter
master corps, ths hospital corps, the
ordnsnce department, mil other rlmllar
auxiliary sen Ices.. These are the addi
tions necessary to render the army
adequate for Its present dutlrs which it
has to perform not only upon our own
continental coasts snd borders and at our
Interior army posts, but also In ths
Philippines, In the Hawaiian lalands. at
tli lithmua, and In Porto Rico.
"By way of making the country ready
to assert some part of Its real power
promptly and on a larger scale, should
occasion arise, the plan also contemplates
supplementing tha army by a force of
four hundred thoussnd disciplined cltl
sens, raised In Increments of ona hundred
and thirty-three thousand ' a year
throughout a period of three yeara.
This It is proposed to do by a process
ot enlistment under which the serviceable
men ot the country would be asked to
bind themselves to serve with the color
for purposes of training for short periods
throughout three yesrs, and to come to
the colors at call at any time through
out an additional "furlough", period of
thres years. This force of four hundred
thousand men would be provided with
personal accoutrements ss fast aa enlisted
and their equipment for the field made
ready to be supplied at any time. They
would be assembled for training at stated
Intervals at convenient place In asso
ciation with suitable units ot the regular
army. Their period' of annual training
would not neceasarily exceed two montha
in the year. ' '' (
Depeads Oa Patriot to 1 at pals.
"It would depend upon the patriotic
feeling of the younger snen of the coun
try whether they responded to such a call
to service or not It would depend upon
ths patriotic spirit of ths employers of
the country whether they made It possible
for ths younger- men in their employ to
respond under favorable conditions or
not I. for on, do not doubt ths patriotic
devotion either, of our young men or of
thoss who give them smploymenf-those
for whose benefit and protection they
would In fact enlist I would look for
ward to the success of such an experi
ment with entire confidence,
"At Jeaat so much by way of prepar
ation for defense seems to ma to be ab
solutely Imperative now, .We cannot do
less.
Ths program 1 which will be laid be
fore you by the secretary ot the navy
ia similarly conoelved. It "Involves only
a shortening ot ths time within which
plans long matured shall be carried out;
but it does make definite and explicit a
Drosram which has heretofore been only
Implicit, held in ths minds ot ths com
mittees on naval affairs and aisciosea
In the debates of ths two houses but
nowhere formulated or formally adopted.
It seems to me very clear that It will
be to ths advantage ,et the country for
the congress to adopt a oomprehenslve
plan for putting ths navy upon a final
footing of strength and efficiency and
to prees that plan to completion within
the next five years. We have always
looked to ths nsvy ot ths country as our
first and chief line of defense; we hsvs
alwaya seen it to be our manifest course
of prudence to bs strong on ths seas.
Tear by year we have been creating a
navy which now ranks very high Indeed
among the navies of ths marltlros na
tions. Ws should now definitely deter
mine how we shall complete what ws
have begun, and how soon. .
Btreaa-ta Newer Kavy.
Th. orogram to be laid before you
contemplates the construction within flvs
six' csttie
i vanra lis svia aa a-
, ,MP. fif.- desire.
i QTUlswayi w, iu ta sjvw" - " ' w
i era, fifteen fleet submsrlnes. elgnt-fivs
coast submarines, four gunboats, ons
hospital ahlp, two ammunition shlpa, two
' ru.t ti ahlDS. and ons repair ship. It
i. KUnAi utti or inia aumuer " -
.wVftret year provide tor the con
' of ,wo b,Ue ships, two bat
two battleshlia. ons battle cruiser, tws
svout cruisers, ten deitroreie. two fleet
submarines, fifteen coast submarines,
one gunboat, one ammunition ship and
one repair ahlp.
"The aecretary of the navy Is ssklng
also for tha immediate addition to thv
personnel of the navy of 7.500 sailors,
1.600 apprentice seamen and l.VO marines.
This Increase would be sufficient to car
for the ships which sre to be completed
within the fiscal year, 1917 and also for
the number of men which must be put
In trslning to man the ships which will
be completed early In 1918. It la slco
necessary thst the number of midshipmen
at the Naval academy at Annapolis
should be Increased by at least T0, In
order that the force of officers should
be more rapidly added to; and authority
,la asked to appoint, for engineering
duties only, approved graduatea of en
gineering colleges, and for service in the
aviation corps a certain number of men
taken from civil life.
"It this full program should be
carried out we should have built or build
ing In 1921. according to the estimates
of survival and standarda of ' classifi
cation followed by the Oeneral Board ol
Department, an effective navy' conalstlng
of twenty-seven battlshlps, of the firs.,
line, six battle cruisers, twenty-five bat
tleships of the second line, ten armoied
cruisers, thirteen scout cruisers, five first
class cruisers, three second class cruisers,
ten third class crulaers, 1W deatrover.
eighteen fleet submarines. 157 coast sub
marlnea, six monitors, twenty gunbosts,
four supply ships, fifteen fuel ships, four
trsnsporta, three tenders to torpedo ves
sels, eight vessels of special types snd
two ammunition ahlps. This would be
a navy fitted to our needa and worthy
ot our traditions.
Mtrrhasl Marine la Needed.
"But armies and Instruments cf war are
only part of what has to be considered If
we are to consider the supreme matter
of national self-sufficiency and security
in all Its aspects. There are other great
natters which will bb thrust upon our
attention whether we will or not. There
Is. for example, a very pressing question
of trade and shipping Involved In thin
great problem of national adequacy. It
Is necessary for many weighty reason
of national efficiency and development
that we should have a great merchant
marine. The great merchant fleet we
once used to make us rich, that great
body of sturdy sailors who tised to carry
our flag Into every sea, and who wera
the pride and often the bulwark of the
nation, we have almost driven out of
existence by Inexcusable neglect and In
difference and by a hopelessly blind and
provincial policy of so-called economic
protection. It is high time we repaired
our mistake and resumed our commer
cial independence on the seas.
s "For It la a question of Independence.
If other natlona go to war or seek to
hamper each other's commerce, our mer
chants. It seems, are at their mercy, to
do with a they please. We must use
their ships, and use them as they de
termine. We have not ships enough of
our own. We cannot handle our own
commerce on 'the seas- Our Independence
Is provincial, and Is only on land and
within our own borders. We sre not
Ilkly to be permitted to use even the
ships of other nations In rivalry of their
own trade, and are without means to ex
tend our commerce even where the doors
are wide open and our goods desired.
Puch a situation is not to be endured.
It is of capital Importance not only that
the United Statea should be Its own
terrier on the seas and enjoy tho :
economic Independence which only an
adequate merchant marina would give It
but also that the American hemisphere
aa a whole should enjoy a like Inde
pendence and self-sufficiency. If It Is not
to bo drawn into the tangle of European
affaire. Without such independence the
whole question of our political unity and
self-determination la very seriously
clouded and complicated indeed.
"Moreover, we can develop no true or
effective American policy without ships
of our own not ships ot war, but ahlps
of peace, carrying goods and carrying
much more; creating friendships and
rendering Indispensable services to alt ln
'tereets on this side ths water. They
must move constantly back and forth be
tween Americas. They are the only
shuttles that can weave the delicate
fabric of sympathy, comprehension,
confidence, and mutual dependence In
which we wish to cloths our policy of
America for Americans.
Mast H-lp Private Capital.
"Ths task of building up an adequate
merchant marine for America private
capital must ultimately undertake and
achieve, aa it haa undertaken and
achieved every other like task amongst
us In ths past, with admirable enterprise.
Intelligence, and vigor; and It seems to
me a manifest dictate of wisdom that
we ahould promptly remove every legal
obstacle that may stand In the way ot
thla much to be desired revival of our
old independence and should facilitate In
every possible way the building, pur
chase and American registration ot ships.
But capital cannot accomplish this great '
task of a sudden. It must embark upon I
It by degrees, as' the opportunities of '
trade develop. Something must be done I
at once; done to open routes and develop I
opportunities where they are as yet un
developed; done to open the arteries of j
trade where the currents have not yet
learned to run especially between the '
two American, continents, where they
are, singularly enough, yet to be created,
BRIGHTER CHILDREN
Children are probably brighterto-day
than a generation ago but are they
stronger i That's a grave question.
So many pinched' faces, dulled eyes
and languid feelings' make us wonder
if they will ever grow into robust,
healthy men aid women.
I! your children catch colds easily,
are tired when rising, lack healthy
color, or find studies difficult, give
them Scott's Emulsion for one month
to enrich their blood and restore the
body-forces to healthy action.
Scott's Emulsion is used in private
schools. It is not a "patent medicine",
simply a highly concentrated oil-food f
wiinout alcohol or harmful drugs.' . It
cannot harm; it improves blood; it bene
ms lungs sua atxengtnens the system,
1 oor druggist has it refuse substitutes.
land quickened; and It Is evident that
I only the government can undetake such
beginnings and assume the Initial finan
cial rlaka. When the risk has passed
and private capital begins to find Its
wsy In sufficient abundance Into these
new channels, the government may with
draw. But It cannot omit to begin. It
should tske the first steps, and should
take them at once. Our goods must not
lie piled up at our ports and stored upon
side tracks In freight cars, which are
daily needed on the roads; must not be
left without means of transport to any
foreign quarter. We must not await the
permission of foreign ahlp owners and
foreign governments to send them where
we will.
Presses fMa Parehase Plan.
"With a view to meeting these press
ing necessities of our commerce and
availing ourselves at the earliest possible
moment of the present unparalleled op
portunity of linking the two Americas
together In bonds of mutual Interest and
service, an opportunity which may never
return again If we miss It now, pro
Duy your piano or
350
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Sale Price S175
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Former . .' : .-,. .. v:t
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HQEHE
24th
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posal will be made to the present con-
gress for the purchase or construction
of ships to be owned and directed by
the government similar to those made
to the last congress, but modified In some
essential particulars. I recommend
these proposals to yon for your prompt
acceptance with the more confidence, be
cause every month that has elapsed since
the former proposals were made has made
the necessity for such action more and
more manifestly Imperative. That need
was then foreseen: it is now acutely
felt and everyhere realised by those for
whorri trade is waiting, but who can
find no conveyance for their goods. I
am not so much ' interested In the par
ticulars of the program as I am In tax
ing Immediate advantage of the great
opportunity which awaits us If we will
but act In this emergency. In this mat
ter, as In all others, a spirit of common
counsel should prevail, and out of it
should come an early solution of this
pressing problem.
"There la another matter which seems
nnr n
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Price.
18
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200
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$ 300 Segerstrom, upright
$ 375 Mueller, upright . . .
I 225 Erbe, upright ......
$ 600 Weber, upright
$ 650 Stelnway.
! 1,000 Chlckerlng ft Sons, grand
1,100 Stelnway. grand $395
! 450 Schubert Player Piano Sl95
600 Autonelle Player Piano 8300
udlngr Bteinway, Steck, Wheelock, Stroud, Stuy-
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High Grade Rugs
S075 S8 Bewnteas Si IOO 13Amin-
. O Velvet Rugs...71T- strr Rus
SPECIAL VALUES IN SMALL EUGS
FURWITURE
and L Sts.y South Omaha
.HIGH PRICES LOW
i to me to be very Intimately associated
with the question of national safety and
preparation for defense. That Is our
policy towards the Philippines and the
people of Porto Rico. Our treatment of
them and their attitude towards us are
manifestly of the first consequence In
the development of our duties In the
world and in getting a free hand to per
form those duties. We must be free from '
every unnecessary burden or embarrass
ment; snd there is no better way to be
clear of embarrassment than to fulfil our
promises and promote the Interests of
those dependent on us to the utmost
Bills for the alteration and reform of
the government of the Philippines and
for rendering fuller political Justice to
the people of Porto Rico were aubmltted
to the Sixty-third congress. They will
be submitted also to you. I need not
particularise their details. Tou are most
of you already familiar with them. But
I do recommend them to your early adop
tion with the sincere conviction that there
(Continued on rage Five, Column One.)
paying in January
IffGir
PAY $5 A MONTH
FREE STOOL. FREE SCARF. FREE LIVE
INSURANCE. A 5-year guarantee wltk
every Instrument gold.
i
New Player Piano
Sale Price $350
for CHRISTMAS
Sals
Price.
;i2s
5128
SlOO
upright
instrument marked in plain tig.
1311-13 Farnam.
Or1AHA.
SI7OO
1 3.
ifill
tttjUtlH tkioajfirlil. M.J. iA