ft A HIE OMAHA Sl'XDAY NKK: AUGUST 1. 1915. p rw m .wmixi wbmi.wwx?jr g.. i u,. imm mm um t I'I'III'IIII kfi!kluiii!il!lilli.!!iJ i! bilillii llllliliiliiliilliiteta lil'lililliH lillilK llllllli mil;: 1 I7!'i 1 c Mnii:fiiir'i:r I'H iiiii'iiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiniiL'uniiih'iiniiniiiiinii:!!! ',. '1,1 iin Nil 1 1 mm a !ifi '!!IFfii!'l!l! II 'Hi! fl lini! fR! i ! ni!!! Iflff," !il!f ijil'ij .... 5 - jTV; y "l YEAE OF WAR IS OVER TODAY; NO END YETIN SIGHT (Continued from Psge On.) at iOO.Oua Along th battlefkrlda from Arras, In northwestern yrance, to tha Belgian coast, whole fit Ida hava been covered with oorpef. and at tha time of th German attempt to reach tha Eng lish channel, the Tser canal waa choked With the dead. According to official Brit ish statistic, tha British army alnna haa been losing of lata, In killed, wounded and BiUnlng. 2,000 a dajr. On June Premier Aaqutth announced that British casual ttea since tha beginning of tha war (ex cluding naval losses of U,M up to May 81) amounted to ZAMO, or which the total of killed was 60. JO. Later, however, on July 27, Mr. Asqulth issued a statement aaylng that the naval casualties up to July 30 were V.IM. Apparently Mr. As qulth's first statement waa based on mis information, which h haa subsequently corrected. The losses of Germany, Franca tad Russia, by reason of their larger armies', havo been far greater. TIi Heer nnd Polltlk of Berlin early In June estimated that more than 6,000.000 soldiers of tha countries at war with Germany and lis all Ins hava been killed, wounded or cap tured. Halletre BeUoo, tha English military writer, said that Germany's potential manhood for actual fighting probably had diminished from all cause by nearly one-half In the first year of tha war, and asserted a conservative estimate waa that Germany had much nearer 4.000,000 than 1,000,000 men permanently out of the field. Estimate of tha total casualties run from e.OOO.OOO to 1,000,000, with the former figure probably conservative. Coat of War la Mosey.' The cost In money runs to a similarly huge total. Great Britain la now spend irnt about ltS.A0o.O0O a day on the war, according to Premier Asqulth. Albert Muiln. general budget reporter of the French Chamber of Deputies, calculates the war Is costing France UO.OOO a min ute, or $14,400,000 a day. William Mlohaa Us reoently estimated the daily cost to Germany at $S,a6o,0Oi, saying forty days of this war cut as much as the whole Frnnco-Prusstan war of W0-TU In March Dr. Karl Helfferleh. -secretary of the imperial treasury of Oermany, said, the war waa coating all belllgurenU lT,i. 000,000 a week. On the basis of Dr. Helfferlch's esti mate, tha first year of tha war coat tha stupendous sum of IU.600,000,000. Mr. Mluhaells puts tha figure at 114,000,000,000, ' not Including Italy's expenditures, a sum mora than M par cent greater than tha gold production of tha world during tha last 00 years, other eatlmatea run atill higher, to $20,000,000,000 or mora. Mack Property Destroyed. In addition to the money expended directly on tha war, tha loas In destruc tion of property on land and sea haa run high into tha millions. Great losses are being occasioned by the cessation or our tallment of many form of productive In dustry. The energies of Lbs world bar been largely diverted to making war. Factories of all sorts hava been turned over to tha making of war munitions, men taken from mill and field, to be replaced by women, old men and chil dren. Boo now UU assert that for genera tions to com the world will feel the af fect of the hug losses, in tha burden of taxation and otherwise, and sociologists make conflicting predlotlona as to it moral, physical and psychological effuot on generations Bring and to coat. Neutral as well as belligerents bav been affected. Th financial stringency which followed th outbreak of th war was world-wide. Th United Wales, in common with other neutrals, has been confronted with th threatened abridge ment of it rights, particularly at aea, and ha sent Dote of remonstrance to England and Germany, th complication with th latter country following th Inking of th LaisUania. giving especial twnosrn, lw I'aaaaal Fealarea. Tha war ha been attended with many unexpected features, on of which I lu protraction. It had been believed that aucn a atrugj-l would ba of compara tively short duration, on account of the cost and loss of Ufa it would entail. At the outset it waa commonly aaid that within 'ms tha a a year tha nation In volved would b compelled to seek peace through financial exhaustion, if for no other reason. While each, aide haa won its viotorles, no fituU result have been reached la any of th oampalgna with a few minor exceptions of th lesser operations In distant oulonlea. Over th greater part of tha FraacoBelglan front the opposing millions) are facing each other la th sams position a last Bap Umber. Movement on th astern front ham bean wider, but with no algn of am approaanlng decision. Tha Oerman plan I generally assumed to hare been to deal first with Fraaoa. la th early weeks of th war before th Kieaiao army, slower to mobilise, H able to present a serious manaoa, and then to turn oa Russia. Th fu-oe raslat ano eg Belgium and th unexpectedly quick moUluuuioa of both th French and Russian annlea, prevented the full fruition of this plan. Nevertheless Ger many ha been abl to hold Its own a twth th eastern and western front. la reality th atruggl of th eleven na tion Is AlvldMl Uto a number of separata wara, rahued t each ocfaar la only a eucraj Whjr. The whole fk-id of military I " I operation may be summarised a fol lows: In Franc and Belgium Oertnany Is hi ti tling with Oreat Britain. Franc a Blglum. In August Oermany Invaded """"" u rrnnco, pushing southward i almost to the gate of Paris. Following the battle of th Mama, perhapa tha most important contest of the war thus nr. uie uermar wer compelled to re treat and have since held an entrenched line from the Belgian coast to Alsace, retaining possession of northeastern rra? ""1 nost of Beljrlum. In this theater the war has been so even that the capture of a group of houaes or a fow yard of irenehe ha been con sidered a victory worthy of mention In the official report The German attempt to break through to fie English channel; the British victory at Neuve Chapjxtlle: jthe Oerman triumph at Solssons, whllo ! calling forth supremo nfforts. did not I materially change th relative position i . . ... . " snu-goum aiong the rront of nearly auo mile. Oa th Rasters Front. On the enstnrn front Kuaila faces Ger many and .AiiwtrU-Hjurary. Rumlan armle Invaded Gallcla and Bukowlna, capturing most of the former province! but loot th rrester part of this territory M a result of Field Marshal von. Mack ensen" groat drive from Cracow. Tho German invaded Ruanlan Poland, and their attempts to rapture Warsaw led to om of th deadliest fighting of the war. In time tha struggle hero settled down to trench warfare, much a In the wost, with Oermany retalnlns- a lam r- rj , Russian Poland. Russian Invasion of , East Prussia resulted In disastrous de I feats. Further north, the German wpt into th Baltio provincaa of Russia, cap I turing Mbau, on th sea. Th tirpre ' cedonted extension of battle line which ( thl war has witnessed reached it moat , remarkable exemplification in thl cm. palgn, in which th front ha bean drawn out more man ooo miles, from th Baltio to fcukowlna Italy Makes Little Prosnreee. Italy, after ten month of uncertainty, began war with Auatria-HUngary, In May, oud haa occupied a frlng of Au. tiian territory in th mountalnoua resrion to th north. Trent and Tr lest are th objectives of tha Italian campaign. Ow ing to th difficult nature of th ground neither of the . antagonists ha mad much head w i y. On th Oalltpoll peninsula. In tha Dar dsnailea and In th BoaDhorua Turkev. aided by It TVutonlo aillea, 1 at war with Franca, Great Britain and Russia, with poaaesalon of Constantinople as th Treat stake. Following th failure of th naval assault on th Dardanelles by an Anglo-French fleet, troop war landed at th peninsula. Few detail of thl campaign are available, and little I known beyond th fact that the fighting ha been particularly severe, and that tha allies have occupied and retained th tip of th peninsula. Serbia and Montenegro, tha former as sisted by British troops. ra at war with Austria-Hungary. Th Austrian Invasion of Serbia ended in failure. On tho Mbn Unegrin front there haa been only desultory fighting. Both Berbia and Montenegro bav recently Invaded Al. banla, with th object of obtaining port on th sea, la Asia and Africa. On Aslatlo oll Russia I at war with Turkey la th Black sea region. Neither Id has employed larg numbers of troop In this campaign. There ha been fighting In th Caucasus and Persia, with no great aecmpusriment. Further south, in Mesopotamia, there a been sporadic fighting between Turkish and British troop. Turkey sent an army to attack th Mm canal, but th main body of troop failed to reach It objective. In Africa French and British troop oooupted Togolaad and part of th Kama run, Oerman pnaaesaiona A British at tack on Oerman East Africa was d i f eated. I Th Insular possessions of Germany la ' the Paclfle wer captured by Great Brit ' aln and Japan. I Talng-tau, th Oerman fortress in 1 ntilfitt mrmm MMni-J kw ,t. T . . aided by a British contingent. Utile Flghtlag at . On th aea there hare been no great bat lea Oreat Britain' upramaoy, ow ing to the overwhelming si a of it fleet, ha not bean disputed to th ultlmat ls- sua th main German fleet having re mained in hem waters. Two German cruiser which were la th Medttteranean when war began went to the Dardanelles and wer acquired by Turkey. A few Gorman crviser and converted merchant men. Including the famous Enden and tha Kariarub. Xronprtns Wllheim and Prtna E1U1 Fredertch, raided atispptng of th allls for a time, but wer eventually sunk or forced to tnteru la neutral porta, Th Auatro-Hungarlan fleet ha re mained la th Adriatic and th Turkish fleet ha been kept from th Asgaaa. Germany merchant marine has beea wept from tha sea. Thar have been several naval battle of Importance, however, ta th first month of th war Rear Admiral Baatty squadron dashed Into Helgoland bight, near th great Oerman naval station, and sank three Oerman cruiser and two tor pedo boat destroy era In January oo ourred a battl in th North Pea between Britlah warship and a German squadron which presumably waa attempting a raid on th English coast. la thl battl th German cruiser Bluecnar was aunk. Bade la the th Sea. Th Gerroaa far east squadron defeated Vlu Admiral Cradock' British aquadroa off th Chilean ooast oa November t, alnklng tha Good Hop and Monmouth. The Krttish obtained their revenge In December when, oft th Falkland is lands, a powerful British squadrvn de AUGUST by reason of weather conditions, business worry customs and nersonal hahits has nl X JL sidered the vacation month; a period - 1 T".-.l. 1 1- uvei iu pleasures, uui, wnn irue American lore- wear, rne purpose of these pages is to help you do that sight, wo who wish to enjoy August to the utmost, like to planning to make your work even before vacation repre- plan our pleasures beforehand so that we may look forward sent the minimum of effort. to real pleasure, all pleasure and no work, because work or Planning for vacation outings and pleasure trips neces- feated th German, alnklng tha Scharn horat, Gnelaenau, Lelpslg and Nuernberg. Oerman squadron have twto attacked th English coast, causing some loss of lift and damage to property. EngUah towns. Including Ixndon, have also bean attacked by Oerman aircraft, which have made several uccsful trip across th North Boa, raiding point on the east coast Machinery ( Deetraetlon. The first great surprlso of th war was the German 43-centlmoter (lH-lnch) gun, which hurls for some fifteen miles a ehcll weighing almost a ton. Th great fortification which were th bride of Belgium, and believed to b almost Im pregnable, were battered Into ruins by the guns in a comparatively short time. Two of these guns, stationed ten mile from Antwerp, wrecked Its elaborate de fense work. Uege and Namur fell almtl- arly. Tti us of artillery and machine gun. In fact, has been one of Lha nrtnrlneJ feature of th war. Oreat xaoution has been don by th new Krupp 11-lnoh nowitxer. weighing nearly forty tons, with a six-mile radius. The Austrian 13-Inch howitzer also has pro-rod excep tionally efficient Th French 7Vmllll meter gun I regarded as on of the most effective field l4ece. The deadlines of machine guns neces sitated recourse to trenches, for no troop In exposed positions could live within th rang of th rapid flrers. Conse quently trenoh warfare haa developed to an extent never before seen. Whole ar mies moved into underground quarter, with elaborate labyrinth of passage and subterranean living and aleepln quarter. Harvest of abaaevelbles. Almost a consptouou I th develop ment of submarine warfare. The remark able exploits of submarines hare proved France is Fit to Carry on the Conflict Says Count de Montebello, French PARIS, July SI. A year of war find "Frano I fit to continue th struggle to the end and confident of th out come," says Count Adrian Larwes de Montebello In a review of the first twelve months of hostilities given to th Asso ciated Press. Count de Montebello, a rec ognized authority on military affair, was on of th strongest advocate of th three-year military service law, and It uo-author with th former premier, Loul Barthou. H waa formerly deputy from Rheim and vie president of th com mittee on military affair of th Chamber of Deputies. His grandfather was Mar shal Lannes, at whoa death on th bat tlefield of Esallng Napoleon la said to hav wept, in review of th war follow: "Franoa was not expecting war; and hor preparations, therefore, war lea oomplet than those of It adverser lee. who. knowing their Intentions, had ac cumulated an Immense supply of fight ing material and disposed of their troop In such a manner a to strike th most powerful blow of which they wer capable. "Germany throw against Belgium and Franc fifty-two army corps, or almost Its enUre military fore a mobilised In August. Under th Impact of th German advance the French armies, with their British aillea, suffered Initial reverses and great loase. especially In th battl of Charlarol. While th French armle wer in retreat a national ministry was formed and the civil population of France organised for war. Th French and British arrrtle stood on th Iin of th Marne from a Point near Pm, t,- astern frontier of Frano. They re ceived th shock of more than 1.100,000 Oerman troop, and defeated them with somewhat Inferior force. Th Germans war outled and outfought In a vaat gen eral action over a line of more than 130 mllea "Th French troop wer too sxhausted by their fifteen day of marching and fighting to make their victory decisive. Th Oerman checked their retreat upon th line of th Alan, and had sufficient tlmo to dig la. Th battl of th Alan developed by th Germans adesvorlng to turn our toft and by th simultaneous French effort to turn th Oerman right "This contest resulted In a race for the ea in th obstinate two months' battle along th Tser la October and November. The German again failed and finally gave up that part of their offensive oa aeoount of their terriflo loasea "Simultaneous with the battl of th Marne, though forming no part of the battl front of what ha been called th battl of th Marne, wer th operations In tha Argonn. th W'oevre and th Grand Couronn d Nancy. Th army of th German crown prince, marching on Verdun, and th army of Crow Prlno Ruppreoht of Bavaria, marching on Nancy, both war dsfeated la aoma of th bloodiest agagementa of th entire war. "Th ultimate result of these defeat waa th liberation of that part of th anolent province of Lorraine, left to Frano afUr 1ST from th occupation of th Oermaa army. Th Oerman force had penetrated fifteen or eighteen mile Thy wee not only driven out before th first of November, but alno than th French hav Invaded Upper Alaaoa. of which they now hold a oonaldarabt part This country, taken from Fraao In the war of UTO-71. ha bean reorganise and ke under control of a civil government which restored th sohool and Judicial system of Franoa, From tha battl of Charleroi to th end of th first year of th war, th k their efficiency so thoroughly that al ready th supremacy of the battleship ba been challenged. Germany, compelled to rely chiefly on these craft for Its marina activities, has gained the greatest success with them. Their first large achievement waa th torpedoing and sink ing oy one submarine within an hour of th British cruiser Cressy, Abouklr and Hogu in the North Bea in September. Bine that time hundred of vessels, war ships and merchantmen, have been sent to the bottom In the North Bea, the Bal tic, th English Channel, the Adriatic and at th Dardanelles. From all cause more than 600 vessel have been destroyed. England has been the greatest sufferer, by reason of Its predonderanc of ship ping and also on account of the German government's attempt to blockade that country following the declaration of a war tone around the British isles last February. In slse, speed and cruising radius the new type of submarines far exceed the earlier small vessels designed primarily for coast defense. Germany' new sub marl no are as long as a good slsed orulser. Captain Otto Herslng took the U-81 about 4. 0O0 mlloa from Wilhelms haven past Gibraltar, through the Medi terranean and to the Dardanelles, where it torpedoed the British battleships Tri umph and Majestic and proceeded to Constantinople. The voyage from Wll helmshaven to the Dardanelles required one month. Battling- In the Air. Th aeroplane, almost an unknown quantity at the beginning of the war, so far a its military valu waa concerned, haa provad It practicability so thor oughly that It must be rated with th submarine and th heavy gun a one of th great efaturea of th war. In fact. German achieved no ucceesea on the western battl front save tha slight ad vane at Soissona, during th flood of th river Alan, th advance at Tprea, Partially lost afterward, at the time of the first attack, with th assistance of asphyxiating gas. "Th suocee 0f th aillea since th battl of th Marne, are In th recapmr of Thann. Stelnbaoh, Hartamans-Waller-kopf, MeUeral, La FonUnelle, together with oonslderabl territory, In th Al satian Voages; th captur of an entire German position in th forest of De Pretr. along th wedg th Germans are still holding In th French Una at Bt Mthlel; an advano of a mil along a front of ton mile at Beausejolr. in the Champagn country; th capture of Neuve Chapelle by the Britleh, the cap tur of Notre Dame de Dorette, Carenoy and Neuvllle 6t. Vaast, and an advano RtUw of Gtrmany't Land . , . . un iiuvui sperauont, written by German Expert, will be found on Page S of Editorial Section of thie Number Groy Says that All England is Bound to See War Through LONDON, July II. Sir Edward Grey, th Britlah minister for foreign affairs, has given the following authorised state ment to tb Associated Press: "I hav been asked to send a message to th United State of America at the end of th first year of th war. "Th reason which led Great Britain to deolar war and th ideals for which she I fighting have been frequently set rortn. They ar fully understood in America. I do not feel, therefore, there 1 any need to reoeat them now. I am quite contented to leave the right and wrong or the cause and conduct of th war to the judgment of th American People. "Th United Kingdom and th entire emplr. together with their salient allies. hav never been mor determined than ' they ar today to prosecute this war to a succeaarui conclusion which will result In honorable and end urine naaoa ku on liberty and not burdensom militar ism." Russian Minister of War Says Must Fight to Bitter End PETROGRAD, July tl The following atatemant concerning th eonol union of in nrt year of the war waa prepared for Th Associated Pre by M. Pollvan off, Russian mlnistsr of war: "My opinion In a few wards, after on year' duration f thl war. un precedented In th world' la aa follows: "The enemy u strong and cruel, and that 1 th very reason why Russia and her heroic allies must continue tha warshould It last for several years largely given to get a It haa exercised a dominating Influence over land operations, and to its usa, perhaps, more than any other single fac tor mar be ascribed the deadlock month after month In the principal fields of bat tle. It has rendered priceless service in reconnolterlng, taking the place of cavalry- It has caueed a revision of the tac tics and strategy of war. Aerial observers, flying over the opposing lines, are able to dlsoover movements of any large bodies of troops, rendering that form of strategy bailed on surprise attacks or quick move ments in fore Impossible. Aeroplanes also have been of great valu In locating enemy positions, enabling th artillery to get tho range and fir accurately on the unseen foe. Dirigible balloons also are employed, but to a much less extent, although Oer many still is constructing Zeppelin and has used them effectively for long dis tance raids. They are generally regarded as less valuable than the aeroplanes. ' Machinery of Transportation. Automobile are used to an enormous extent, all private maohlnes being requis itioned in some of th countries at war. In some instances great numbers of auto mobiles have been untllised for rapid transportation of troop. Their main serv ice, however. Is In th handling of food supplies and ammunition. Armored auto mobiles armed with machine gun or light field gun have been utilised. Many new weapons of war have been reMed with varying degrees of success. Poisonous gases, projected front tank in the trenches, are roportsU to hav enabled their users to captur opposing positions in several minor engagements. Steel dart and Incendiary bomb dropped from aeroplane, and new type of hand gre ade also have bean employed, while In France both side are aaid to hav mado use of apparatus for spraying burning oil. to the Very End Military Authority of two or thre miles along a front about eeen miles north from Arras by th French, and the clearing of th left bank of th Tser of th snemy by th Belgian army. "Nver sine th war pagan ha th rrencn army twen o fit to continue it to a triumphant conclusion a today. TV hav not only carried on th war with success aunng tb year, but we hav accumulated immense reserve of necessity for continuing the war until it caa oeeen won. Our reserve troop In depot and under training are relatively greater man tnos of th German. Th army Is abeolutely confident. The nnm. behind the army to a man. are m 1 1- "The Ijrench people, through no fault or theirs, hav uffered and are auff. ing today, but they are equal to every narosnip, every rrort neceeaary to drlv me war ro a nnai victorious conclusion 110(11 th uamy U completely crushed (Signed) "ALISXLI ANDKttiEVrrCH POLIVAN OFF, MlnUter of fWar." Asquith Says It Is Duty to Fight For Lasting Peace LONDON. July IL-Tha prim minister or oreat Britain, the Right Honorable Herbert H. Asqulth. hag given th Asso- olaled Frees th following authorised statement: "I hav been asked to send a message to the United StaU of America at th and of the first year of the war. . "Th reasons why we ar fighting are known in America. Th world ha Judged, and will Jorge, not our word but our aotlona The question today U not of our hope or our " simulation, but our duties. "Our duty., which we ahall fulfill, l to continue to th end In th course which w hav ohoMn, and 'to do all whloh may aohlev and ohsrish a Just and lasting psaoa.1 " RUSSIAN PRIESTS ARE FEARLESS OF DANGER (Correapondeno of th Aaeoaiated Pre.) a i rtvxi itAD, July X A offloer re turned from th Oalictaa front toll In th Crimean Oaaatt of th atnaalng oool nee of th Russian priest, who ar to b seen, performing their spiritual duties, la th no) exposed and dangvrou spots of th firing Una. "Our own UtU Father used simply t ataggar us with hi nonohalan." write th offlcat "OfUa wa would ojola htm to keep away from th danger oa. away from Shell and ballet fly, Ing In all direction. AU he would say would be, They eaanot touch coa; I am a neutral.' la vain did wa point out to htm that stray bullets d not respect anybody neutrality. "One he waa seen promenading Just by th Austrian tranche. Th Austrian war obviously dumbfounded at th sight of a prteat aalmly walking along their trenches, carrying hi oroaa in hi haa da When some ef them raised their rifle, preparing to shoot, th little Father waa heard ahoutlng. 'On, you Yllllana: Can't you see my cross r And he was allowed to oomplet hi constitutional in Peaor-" mixed with pleasure is not pleasure in its true sense, there, what to take along, what to do, and what to m . - .... EM PRE FIRST HALF THREE LYRES "Tinkling Time that Tickle the Taate." JAMESON DUO Vueens of Harmony" MURPHY & MALOME "TalkoloKista" LLOYD SABIP.E & CO. In "THE THIRD FLOOR FRONT" ' THE GIRL of the GYPSY CAMP" A 3 -Part Drama An Assortment of Short Storlrg IV hen IVifcy Sleeps A Btllle ReeTes Comedy 'Onimy Dud Goes Bear Hunting" Animated Cartoons HEARST-&ELIG Weekly. 11 Oct admission ii (Ojr JLHJJL RESFSvrn srm in fytda JLUJL aaeanragM-rarTrr--aaaaa- mm Wins the boji, the girls and the "grown-ups" as well, because of its constant excellence of quality. Deli da Ice Cream has a better flavor, is more wholesome and nutritious because only the purest, richest ingredients go into it THE REAL FOOD TO EAT DURING THE HOT DAYS OP AUGUST. PURE DELICIOUS WHOLESOME. MAT)K BY FAIRMONT CREAMERY GO. cB August, tho Ideal Month for (r LA R n . i IUU Rent ox Buy a Good Tent and hike to tho woods. Turn yourself loose for a week. Cat a good dose of chiers. It will give you something to talk about. Scott-Omaha Tent & Awning Co. Phone Douglas 882. 11th and llarnTy Sts. LAST HALF PRELLE'SCIRCOS "The llobbery of The Overland MalT COOPER & RICARDO "Something Xow" BATHES BROS. &, GIRLIE "BlogiDg Instrumentalists" FRANK "SLIVERS" OAKLEY In a Pantomimic Comedy "Base Ball" "THE DEAD SOUL" A 8-Ileel Feature Big Program of Single Reels " Tha Hypnotic Monkey" A Ham & Dad Laugh Getter. "SOME DUEL" A Vitlgraph Comedy IIEARST-SEMQ Weekly. R ni n ri ,w m . IT. U U CI WaasUlBiBfiHr