THE HKK: OMAHA. VKI.KSl. Y, MAKCtl :, 1!ir.
ARMIGH MILITIA
AND OPERATORS
Act of Colorado National Guard and
Absentee Owners of Minei
Are Condemned.
PEONAGE CHARGE NOT PROVEN
WASHINGTON. March 2. A
scathing arraignment of the Colorado
militia for ita treatment of striking
mtaera and their families is con
tained In a voluminous report suh
mitted to the house today by the
mines and mining subcommittee,
which investigated conditions in the
Colorado coal fields, under a resolu
tion adopted a year ago In January.
While scoring conditions generally
in the coal fields and criticising many.
of the acts of the mine operators, in
cluding alleged violation of state
laws, the committee reports that no
evidence was found of a conspiracy
In restraint of trade to limit the out
put of the mines nor conclusive proof
of the existence of peonage.
The strike waa nettled Ions before the
.committee completed Its work. so no
pcotflo recommendation ars made. The
committee appeal, however, for arbltra
;t1on m uch situations. It declares that
these disturbances are nation-wide In
'their Importance; lhat the federal aovern
trtent is the only power competent to deal
with them.
A barn tee Owaera Repollle.
Jfter referring to the teatlmonr of John
,J5. Rockefeller, Jr.. who disclaimed re
Rpooslblllty for Colorado conditions, the
jfenport adds:
' "Absentee owners or directors by their
absence from the scene of each disturb
ances cannot escape their moral responsi
bility for conditions In and about proper
ties In which they are Interested."
"Liberal extracts from the lVO pages
Of testimony taken by the committee are
I embodied In the report with this com
ment: "Considerable testimony on both sides
f the controversy, we believe, is unre
liable, and no confidence should be placed
In it Colorado has had rood mining laws
and such tbat ought to afford protection
to the miner If they are enforced; yet In
this state the percentage of fatalities Is
larger than any, other, showtng there Is
undoubtedly something wrong In refer
ence to the management of Its coal mines.
It is contended by the miners as one of
their grievances that the operators do not
obey the law, and however good the laws
may be. If not observed, they are of no
protection." .
The testimony of James Delrymple,
state mine Inspector, calls attention to
the many violations of the law by the
Operators, and the miners' claim this aa
one of the causes leadlng,up to the strike.
The report of Mr. Xalrymple also says he
found In some cases the operators had
put In operation new devices and systems
of an advantage to the miners.
Mllltla Side with Operators.
"It seems the mllltla was on the side
of the operators In the controversy," says
jlhe report, after reciting the action of
the governor In calling out the state ml
lltla, "and the evidence seems conclu
sively to prove such to have been the
pass. The sooner men armed In the serv
Ice of the state learn that the men with
iwhom they may deal may be poor and
Ignorant, end even violator of the law,
are still human, the better it will be
for all concerned."
Testimony of present and former county
officials la quoted to show efforts of
mine operators to control elections In
Jt.ss Animas county and Huerfano
counties, and the committee remarks that
the manner of selecting Juries In those
counties, where, according to witnesses
In one case at least, seven out of twelve
jurors were deputy sheriffs, "appears to
be against the provisions of the law." -
Some, of the men brought Into Colorado
by detective agencies, employed to guard
the mines, the committee finds, had been
In the same kind of service in West Vir
ginia and they brought with them the
same machine gun which had been used
in an armored car against strikers in
that stats.
Pesaace Charge Nat Sabstastlatea
concerning me cnarge that the op
erators were guilty of peonage, the com-
clttee reports:
"We did not find It clearly proven that
a condition of peonage exieted in the
coal fields of Colorado, but we found
that during the strike men were brought
in from other states by the car and
tralnloads end were delivered to the min
ing camps under guard would probably
be robbed of whatever they might have
that the mllltla wanted."
The committee denounces John Chase,
adjutant general of the militia of the state
for his refusal to testify except upon eon
dltlon that he would not be questioned
by representatives of the miners and de
clares that he "waa overbearing to all
,who came In contact with him."
Reviewing the testimony of many wit
nessee the report says from the time the
strike waa called until the federal trooDa
were sent Into the field by the president
of the United Btates, there was a series
,of battles which seemed to be fierce while
they bated and a number of people were
uiea and wounded on both sides. It
condemns aa Inexcusable both the attack
on Berwlnd earap by men alleged to h.v.
been strikers, as well aa the assault um
tForbes tent colony by armed guards us
ing a machine gun.
Pr,T Gnaras C'oadesaard.
- uara system may be
thought necessary," the committee here
comments, "but wherever It exists, sooner
or later trouble will occur ed proper of-
wh in w ,h0Uld ub"tuted.
7-?" ,n nta.ning
r aavs viUQTi
bers or the m luia i- .... .
. ...r - , r: " ""r Jument was
a mietake. ainc tenie aB,mo,u had
guards and the miners and It was difficult
h !7k" lmpo-m" tor miner, to feel
, k neuiraj conservators
I i 1 of the W'l'tUmon
seised tlte opportunity while clothed with
the authority of the state to engage In
. .u uv iwieas acts.
Mmmy Acts eCratallty.
"In thmr In.)..: ' ... ...
. iuk acts were or an
... .uu .nu or sum natures as to
be unfit for publication In this report
There were acts of brutality testified to
before the committee nhi.ii n,ii., i...
enumerated; men on slight provocation
were thrown Into Jail and kept there
without the opportunity of proving their
innocence. There were many good men
in the militia, both officers and privates,
and the strikers testifying said lhat cer
tain companies were composed rSt kind
jnt a and If iheir houws were to be
TWO GERMAN SOLDIERS riding into an East Prussian town with two burros they
have commandeered. The animals will be used to transport supplies, and will be wel
comed, as a burro can carry a pack bigger than himself.
f I N? Jf-V f "WITH
1 I A I rvV 1 CAPTURED I
.Sa V' ',;'. ,NV w
NAY- :-7'
HI V.
searched they asked that members of
these companies might be sent; but if
others were sent to do the searching they
would be subjected to Indignities and un
der guard of the mllltlu, many of them
being foreigners and unacquainted with
the work of mining coal. We do not bo
11 eve It was proven that the operators
forcibly kept men In camp until their
debts were paid, but that they rather
endeavored to hold those who already
were in camp before the strike and to pre
vent those who had been taken in as
strikebreakers from going outside."
Declaring that mine troubles are nation
wide in scope, the committee reaches this
conclusion: -
It should be the duty of the govern
ment to assist any states In settling a dis
pute that Is nation-wide In Its scope; and
If any federal law can be enacted that
will help not only Colorado, but any other
state that may be similarly situated, It is
the duty of congress to epeedly put upon
the statute books the necessary laws so
that such Industrial disturbances may
forever cease."
The committee criticizes the state
authorities for falling to prevent the sale
of fire arms to the confndlng forces.
The mine owners shipped four machine
guns from West Virginia for use during
the strll-.e," the report slated. "The evlr
dence conclusively shows the miners
bought arms and ammunition in quanti
ties, though the amount we do not know,
and It seems strange to your committee
that In these counties where the strike
waa then In existence and where acta of
violence were constantly occurring, the
authorities of the state should not have
taken some precaution to control the sale
of fire arms."
Criticism Is directed also at conditions
in incorporated towns "where the com
panies are pcnnTTtwd to put up a sign
private property' and exclude all' ex
cept those whom they see fit to permit
to enter, all the officials of the city, the
mayor and the school board, being of
ficials of the mining companies.
Only one store is permitted within the
close camp." the report continues, "and
this is almost Invariably owned and
operated by the mining company. Places
of recreation and amusefent are scarcely
known. The miner must go to the saloon
a a place of amusement."
Rockefeller la Censured. '
The committee declares that John D.
Rockefeller. Jr.. did nothing to Improve
the condition of the employes of the com
pany In which b is stock holder and
director. -
"Mr. Rockefeller," says the report, "a
large stock holder of the most powerful
company In the state, has done a great
deal for the uplift of people in other
parts of the country and in foreign
lands, spending millions of dollars in this
work, yet he baa not tndeavored to Im
prove the condition of the more than
,000 employes In the company in wbien
be is connected and has not visited the
state for more than ten years.
Mr. Rockefeller is a long distance
director, not having attended a meeting
of the stockholders or directors of the
company in ten years. It seems to have
been hia practice to select such men as
he thought best for him, and then look
only to them for the management with
out any personal knowledge of the condi
tions. It is true that he did spend a
large part of his profits coming from
the Colorado Industrial company, a part
of the Colorado Fuel and Iron company,
in the bettering of conditions In other
parts of the country, but what of that
when the money is gained In such way
nd at such expense to tho state and its
people?
Wages Lower Thaa ta Wyomlna.
"Many of tlio miners. It is true, make
good w ages, yet tha seals of prices Is not
as high in Colorado as it is in the ad
Joining state of Wyoming. , The con
stant oppression and neglect and ar
bitrary conduct of the officials of these
Ouch! Lame feack.
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:-":-
,;;.y
companies were prolific causes of the
dissatisfaction which lesulted In this
disturbance and the consequent destruc
tion of life and property.
Two Minority Reports.
Minority reports were submitted by two
members of the sub-committee by Repre
sentatives Byrnes of South Carolina,
democrat, and Austin of Tennessee, re
publican. Mr. Byrnes holds that the resolution
ordering the investigation did not author
ise a report of the relations between
capital and labor, the causes of Industrial
unrest and allied subjects. The conditions
complained of, if they exist, he declared,
can bo remedied by Colorado and not by
the federal government, and that the
majority report falls to disclose either a
federal question or a remedy. lie re
ports the evidence showed no interfer
ence with postal facilities, no violation of
the immigration laws, no agreements
contrary to federal law to control pro
duction, sale and transportation of the
coal and that there was no testimony
proving that persons had been arrested,
fined or convicted in violation of federal
laws.
WILL ASKALLIES
TO EXPLAIN NOTE
CLOSING PORTS
, . (Continued from Page One.) .
owner ot vessel and cargo in legal pro
ceedings.
The minister from The Netherlands in
quired . at . the State department what
reply the United. States intended to
make. lie desired .to send word to his
government and the opinion , was. ex
pressed that the Netherlands along with
other neutrals would . send representa
tions similar to those which this country
might make.
Statement ay Brraa.
The Btate department Issued the fol
lowing explanatory note last night:
"The British ambassador has presented
the following instructions from his gov
ernment: .
" 'When presenting Joint Anglo-French
communication you should inform United
States government that communication
received from thorn through' the 47nlted
States ambassador In London respecting
a possible limitation ot use of submarines
and mines and an arrangement for sup
plying food to Germany is being taken
Into consideration by his majesty's gov
ernment in consultation with tfcrlr
allies." "
The text of the British note which waa
the same as the statement In the House
ot commons oy fremier Asquith, was
given out at the State department with
the information that the French note
was practically identical. It follows:
"Germany has declared that the En
glish channel, the north and west coasts
of France and the waters around the
Stomach Upset?
Gas, Sourness
Tou can eat anything your stomach
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Dyspepsia, or that your food will fer
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will take Pape's Dlapepsln occasionally.
I Anything you eat will he digested;
nothing can ferment or turn Into acid,
poison or stomach gas, which causes
Belching, Pizzlncss, a Feeling of Full
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(like a lump of lead In stomach), Bll
llousncsa. Heartburn, Weter, ' Brah, Tain
in Stomach -and Intestines, IVeadaches
front stomach are absolutely unknoan
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FRED KRUG
i
British Isles are a war area and has) offi
cially notified that all energy ships found
In that area will be destroyed and that
neutral vessels may be exposed to dangar.
"This Is In effect a claim to torpedo at
sight without regard to the safety of the
crew or passengers any merchant vessel
under any flag. As It Is not In the power
of the German admiralty to maintain any
surface craft in these waters, this attack
ran only be delivered by submarine
agency.
Un of Nations.
"The law and custom ot nations in re
gard to attacks on commerce have always
presumed that the first duty of the captor
of a merchant vessel Is to bring It before
a prize court where it may be tried, where
the regularity of the shipper may be chal
lenged and where neutrals may recover
their cargoes. The sinking of prises Is in
itself a questionable act, to be resorted
to In only extraordinary circumstances
nd after provision has been made for the
safety of all the crew or pascenger.
"If there are passengers on board, the
responsibility for discriminating between
neutral and enemy vessels and between
neutral and enemy cargoes obviously rents
with the attacking skipper, whose duty it
Is to verify the status and character of
the vessel and csrgo and to preserve all
papers before sinking or even capturing It.
Bo also Is the humane duty of providing
for the safety of the crews of merchant
vessels, whether neutral or enemy, an
obligation upon every belligerent.
Basis of Dlacaaaloa.
"It Is upon this basis that all prevloua
discussions of the law for regulating war
fare at sea have proceeded. A German
submarine, however, fulfills none of
these obligations; It enjoys no local
command of the waters In which it oper
ates; it does not take Ita captures within
the Jurisdiction of a prlxe court; It carries
no priie crow which it can put on board
a prise; It uses no effective means of
discriminating between a neutral end an
enemy vessel; It does not receive on
board for safety the crew and passen
gers of the vessel It sinks; Its methods of
warfare are. therefore, entirely outside
the scope ot any of the international In
struments regulating operations against
commerce In time of war.
"The German declaration substitutes
indiscriminate destruction for regulated
capture. Germany Is adopting these
methods against peaceful traders and non
combatant crews with the avowed object
of preventing commodities of all kinds,
including food for tho civil population,
from reaching or leaving the British
Isles or northern France.
Forced to Action.
"Her opponents are, therefore, driven
to frame retaliatory measures In order in
their turn to prevent commodities of any
kind from reaching or leaving Germany.
These messures will, however, be en
forced by the British and French gov
ernments without risk to neutral ships
or to neutrsl or noncombatant life and
in strict observance of the dictates of
humanity.
"The British and French governments
End Indigestion,
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iwhere Tape's Dlapepain Is used. It
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Get a rkrge fifty-cent case of Pape's
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will, Iherrfoie. hnlii tlipmirl r frrc tn
ariain ana ino inio I'ori snips ran . inn
arxxls of presuirod enemy destlnntlnns,
ownership or oriRin. H Is not liitcndol t-t
confiscate such vessels or reran? unless '
they would otherwise be liable to condom
nation. The treatment of vessels and
(argoea which have sailed before tills
date will not be affected."
Just when the I'ntved states govern
ment will art on the latest note I de
pendent to some extent on when the re
pl.es are received from the allies and
tiermany lo the Informal remmunli allon i
looking to an abolition of submarine war
fare on merchant ships and the shipment
of foodsturfs to the civilian population
of belligerents.
Rent room quick with a Hi-e Want Ad.
Department Orders.
WASHINGTON. March J-iSpeelsl Trl
raritm Postmasters sxplnld: town
t'hiirchvlllc. Warren county, Mrs. Hachci
1.. Foster, vice M. U Melroy, resigned;
Kverlst, Marlon county, t'iiet t Johnson,
vice W. H. Thomnn; Steamboat Hock,
Harding county. Hen F. Morse, vice
Henrv I.ulken, resigned. South lkot
Allen, WashahaiiKh county. Minnie 11.
I.essert. vice Hnmsey Watklns, resluneil;
Keystone, i'enninftton county, Kobert P
Scniton. vice U K. Itoilerick. resigned:
Twin Huttes, Terklns county. Mrs. I.lhble
Miller, vice Addle Oeorae, resinned.
I'ostmnsters reappointed In Iowa: Astor,
Crawford county, die A. illnen: Cotter.
lrfiiilnH count v, G-otge H. Stupp; Punhar.
Marshall county, Osmnn Tweed; Krr
guson, Marshall county, Frank W. Kins::
Ijitty, Pes Moines county, A. M Gardner;
Montetth, Guthrie county, Samuel F.
Clampltt; Hake Wlnnebgn eounfv,
Andrew K Maraan: Mosaic Clay
county. John V. Ilanimes: Superior,
Dickinson county. Janus C. Smith; Vin
cent. Webster county, Mrs. Adda J.
Hlehard. South Pxkotn postnfflce estab
lished: Puck Creek. Perkins county with
Mrs. Alice Isonhoff postmaster; Wam
balee. WashahniiKh count v, with Mrs.
t'sriio M. Pomeroy as poMniHHtrj-.
The comptroller of the currency hns
ftrsntert a charter to the Security Nutlnnnl
bsnk of Cherokee, la., rnpltnl JAn,.
W. Johns, president; George K. Iwuig,
cashier.
MRS. LYON'S
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1 1
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THE OIJAHA BEE
I
