Omaha Daily
Bee
Everybody Roads
th dajrg happendir mrtcf any.
If folks don't r4 yon store
wn cvvry Uy, It' yonr fault.
VOL. XL1V--N0. 1SV
OMAHA MONDAY MORNING, JANUARY 23, 1015.
Ob Trains esd at
Total Mew lUBll. B
SINGLE CO!?! TWO CENTS.
THE WEATHER.
Fair
iL JnLJhtf
AMERICA ISSUES
DEFENSE OF ITS
POSITION IN WAR
United States Government, in a
: Lenjthy Statement, Seeks to
Justify It Interpretaion
of Neutral's Duties.
POSITION. IN MUNITIONS BOW
Request of Canadian Government to
' Ship Fighting Equipment
. : Across Alaska Refused.
MANY. THINGS COME TO LIGHT
WASHINGTON, Jan. !4.-The United
Hlates government Issued today a lengthy
defense of It Interpretation of tha rights
and duties ot a neutral In the European
war. . '' '. ,
A document S.ooo words long, prepared
by President - Wilson, Secretary Bryan
and Councillor Robert Lansing ot the
State department after several day of
consultation, was made public In the
form of a letter from the secretary of
state to Senator Stone of Missouri, chair
man of the eenato committee on foreign
relations. . - . ,
While the letter Is a reply to an In
quiry from Senator Stone for Information
as. a result of complaints made in the
press and in letters from various parts
of the country charging the Washington
government with unfairness to Germany
and .Austria, it also is intended as a
pronouncement of policy on some ques
tions of neutrality previously unexplained,
. Answers Nineteen Chargres.
After answering nineteen separate and
apeclflo charges and calling attention to
mm ikci uh me unuea oiaies ' naa
promptly taken to tssk Great Britain, as
well as Germany, and every government
which in any way has infringed upon the.
rights of this country, the letter con
cludes with the following declaration on
the much-discussed question of exporta
tion of war munitions: ,
"If any American-citizens, partisans of
Germany and Austria-Hungary feel' that
this administration is acting, in-a way
injurious to the cause ot those countries.
this feeling results from the fact that oa
the high seas- the - German and Auetro
Hungarian naval power is thus far in
ferior to the British. It . is the business '
of a belligerent operating on the high
seas, not the duty of a neutral, to pre
vent contraband from reaching the;
enemy. '
' Obligation. Don't Exist. '
"Thoao In this country who sympathize
with Germany and Austria-Hungary ap
pear to assume that come obligation rests
upon this government, in the performance
of Its neutral duty, to prevent all trade
in contraband and, thus to equalise the
difference due to the relative naval
strength i,of .'the- belligerents. No such'
nhll?ktirin4StJr:tii; :tt' mrnuM hm n' un
neutral act. an act ot partiality on the
part of this government, to adopt Such a
policy; if the 'executive; had the 'power
to do so,
' "If Germany and ' Austria-Hungary
cannot Import contraband from this
country, it la not, beoause ot this fact,
the duty of the Unite 1 States, tt close
its' markets to the allies. The markets
of this country , are . open upon . equal
terms to all the world, to every nation,
belligerent or neutral."
Knots Revealed.
During the course of the letters, dis
suasion of the various charges made
the following facts Hitherto undiscussed
were revealed for the first time:
That the Canadian government re
cently asked the United States fur per
mission to ship "war equipment" across
Alaska to the sea and the request was
refused.
That the United States has sent a vigor
. oii Drotest to France, because some
Merman passengers oil an American ship
plying between two ports in Colombia
were forced by a boarding crew from a
French cruiser to sign a promise not to
participate In the war. This procedure
was declared in the American note to
be "an unwarranted exercise of Jurisdic
tion over American vessels In which this
government will not acquiesce.
That sharp representations also were
made to another of the allied govern
ments, because search was conducted on
the high seas on an American ship for
Uorman and Austrian passengers. The
nuu of the vel itr oIlcndluaT govern
ment was not revealed.
That on December li. last, the German
ambassador bv direction of his .govern
ment delivered a memorandum to the
United States government, stating that
"andr the general principles of Inter
rational law, no exception can ne taken
to neutral states letting war material go
to Germany's enemies from or through
n.titrol tamtnru ' . . ..
That representations were made ' both
to Japan and Great Britain against the
continued presence of their warships off
American porta . and that the protests
were is each ,caae heeded. .
That since the announcement of the
Washington government's disapproval of
war loans, none has been made by for
eign governments in this country. A dis
tinction is drawn officially for the first
time between loans floated by popular
subscription and large credit transactions
' for the purchase of war suwUes, tho
'.state department revealing that it has
no objection to the latter.
! OUcrtuslnattoa. ,
In a general way the letter 'set forth
that rules of neutrality have been pro-
(Continued ou f age Two, Column Two.) I
The Weather
Trnyerttirei In Omaha Y es tarda y.
I
Hour. Deg.
a. ra 1
0 a. ro 2
7 a. m , 3
a. no.,... "1
a. m 3
10 a. in 2
it a. m t 10
12 m , 14
1 p. m 17
2 p. in it
3 p. m 21
P. tn
' S p. m..:.......,. 22
P. in. 20
T P. m i
Comparative Local Sleoral.
l!t lzll 1S13. 1S12.
Highest yesterday....... 73 23 47 XI
lowest yesterday 1 1.1 22 2
M-u temperature 12 11 34 2S
I'lfclpltutum . .K ,jo ,ou .00
Temperature and precipitation depar
tures from the normal:
Normal lemix-raiure , C-
Ioil lency for the
Total evefws !ri-e March 1... 6tjfi
Nurnil pre aunt ion t2 Inch
I ilici-ncy f,,p tue dv Inch
Total ruiiitali since ilsrvh 1....27 00 inches
1 el K-W-ncy ino Man h 1 3 la inches
1 eiici-Ri y for cor. period, JWi.. 6 in Indies
Dcfick-ncy for cnr. period. 1913.. 4 13 inches
U A. Wr.i.ii, Local Forcvaster. '
IK
MOTOR'S PART IN TIIS WAR Type of giant caterpillar tractor used by the British for
heavy hauling in their operations in Flanders. Also the picture shows good types of the
British soldier. . . .. . . , . i ;
J ' h -f
XT , - ... . . .-.r. . hi t i v-
; r . .
. : - - v. - - .
I "" - 11 ' ' : . J
...
1 .-..,.,.. I I . J
3 -. . - --")( !(
'. - :. ,. -..rr $ yv ,
10'" ' ' , . . ; -- ' "ji
LITTLE CHANGE IN
WESTERJLTHEATER
Germans Assert French Attacks Re
pulsed and Five Hundred Houn.
tain Chasseurs Captured.
FRENCH REPORT SUCCESSES
BERLIN. Jan. M. (By wireless to Lon
don.) -Tha official statement issued to
day by the German army headquarters
aays:
"In the western theater' January 23
passed generally without special Inci
dents.'. Two French attacks were repulsed
in the forest of Argonne without dif fl
culty. ' Wo made progress In the Vosges
mountains, on the summit of Hartmanh's
Weiler, northeast ot Steinbach, taking 6Q0
French mountain chasseurs prisoners.
"No changes took plaoe in East Prussia
or In northern Poland. Our attacks on
the branch of the River Rucha, at Borzi.
mow, were successful. " The enemy's at
tacks we ps repulsed with heavy losses. t$
the- Russians. ; Russian attacks in the
region . northwest of Opoctno, Southern
Poland. faUed." - - '
i - -
French Artillery Kffective.
PARIS, Jan. 24. --The official statement
issued' by the war of floe today aald: -.
"In the region of N leu port and Lorn
baertzyde the enemy by. a violent bom
bardmont of new positions - captured by
us prepared an attack which he has not
been able to oarry out,- Our artillery. In
fact,, dispersed gatherings of infantry
which with fixed bayonets were prepar
ing to make the assault.
"Around Ypres there have been artillery
engagements of varying Intensity.
"Near Rutoire (in tha neighborhood of
Vermlllos) our artillery has compelled the
enemy to evacuate an advanced trench.
"In tha valley of the Aisne our batteries
have reduced to silence or demolished
several of the German guns. They also
compelled the enemy's airships to make
a detour and destroyed entrenchments
near Sou pier arid Heurterblse.
Infantry Advances. ,
"Neat Berry Au Bac.(Hill 108) our In
fantry has taken a trench.
"From' the Aisne to the Argonne, in tha
sectors of -Prunay. Souraln, Perthes,
Beausejour and Mamasalges, and to the
north of Villa Sur Tourbe, the firing of
our artillery continued, and was effective
against the enemy's works. . ' j
"In the 'Argonne, in the region of St.
Hubert and Fontaine Madame, an In
fantry engagement continued tn a portion
of ah advance trench which had been
taken, lost and retaken several times dur
lg forty-eight hours.
"Between the Meuse and the Vosges'a
thick fog.baa prevented operations; .
"In the Alsace, in the region of Hart
mana'a Wellerkopf, , we have, in spite of
tha extreme difficulty of tha ground,
mad progress on our right. Near Stein
bach an attack ot the enemy directed
from TJffholx and prepared for by a vio
lent bombardment made him for a short
time roaster of one of our - advance
trenches, which .has .been retaken by a
vigorous counter attack.' ' .
Joint Funerals of .
'Martyrs of Gunman .
Of Capitalism' Held
ROOhKVKLT. N. J., Jan. 24 -TI"e Joint
funeral of Desederic Alesandro and Car
man Patty, the victims of the shooting
Tuesday, was held this afternoon Re
ligious services were conducted ( at ' the
church of their faith nd afterwards the
bodies were taken to the union hall.. Long
before the arrival of the bodies every
Inch of apace in the building "ees occu
pied. The chairs were removed, and all
those present stood durinw the na'.f-hour
services.
Tha coffins were covered with llowers.
A large wreath of red rosea with a rib
bon. Inscribed. "Sacrificed to the Gun
men of Capitalism," was conspicuous.
Officials of the union made short ad
dresses, during which the dead men were
termed. "The Marty ra of an awakening
that will result in the driving of gunmen
from the state of New Jersey. "Tli men
at the meeting were admonished to con
tinue peaceful measuroi: in fheir conduct
of the strike.
Two hearsts beariii( the bodies were
followed to the. cemeUTy, three miles
distant, by a crowd of several Ituntlred
men. women and ctiiKircn, inarching
through mud and ml a U the music of
a band.
Belief Expedition
to Hunt Stefansson
NEW TORK, Jan. 24.-Th Aero Club of
America tonight announced Its Intention
of co-operating lit the plan of Burt M. Mc
Connell. Canadian meteorologist and sur
ivivor of the Arctic expedition of Vllhla
mur fitefansaon, to send a relief expedi
tion equipped with hydro-aeroplanea In
search of Stefansson and ten' others of
his party, ; who have been missing for
about a year. It was stated that Rear
Admiral Robert F. Peary, V. B. N., re
tired, chairman of the committee on thet
aeronautic map of tha world, approved of
this use of the machines. '
SHIP BILL MADE PARTY ONE
Democratic Caucus in Senate De
cides that It Should Be
,' -Majority Measure.
HITCHCOck DOES . NOT VOTE
I ; WASHINGTON. Jan. St-43enat derao-
ment on- the admlplstratlon ship pur
chase bllli and adopted resolution malt
ing It a party measure. Three democrats
voted against the resolution, but It was
later mad unanimous on motion of Sen
ator Bankhead, who had originally voted
against It. ' .' '
"Wa shall keep the bill before the sen
ate until It la passed,", said Senator Kern,
chairman of the caucus. ' "There is no
disposition to displace it with any ap
propriation legislation." ; . .. . .
The. principal difference of opinion In
caucus arose on Hoke Smith's proposal
that with the restoration of normal con
ditions at the end of the European war
the government! lease ships purchased to!
private corporations for operation ' In
stead of operating them through a government-controlled
corporation. This
amendment was defeated.
Senator Kern said that two-third of
the democrats .had voted to make the
blB a party measure. Several demo
crate, however, were not present when
this action was taken. Among thoso ab
sent were Senators Cardaman, . Hard
wick, Camden and O'Oorman.. Fpme ot
their colleagues, said' they believed that
these senators, with possibly one excep
tion, would vote for the bill. "
Senator , Hitchcock, who attended the
caucus, but; was , not present wnen tne
binding resolution was adopted, said he
hoped to have an opportunity .to vote tor
seme amendments to the .bill In the sen-
Conditions in Serb ; ,
Hospitals -Terrible; .
700,000 Homeless
NEW TORK, Jan. 24. Madame Slavke
Groultch, wifei of the 'permanent under
secretary for- foreign kffalr Of Serbia,
arrived from England -on"; board ' the
steamship Lusitania today' to 'seek Amer
ican aid ' tor' 700,000 fie'rbians who. - she
said, were' driven from tfielr homes - by
the war and- mo'st of whom are now; In
concentration' camps in southern and cen
tral Serbia. ' Many are living ' In caves,
subsisting on, root. ' " ' - "
The, Serblsn ' government. ' Madame
Groultch said, cannot re-cstabllslr these
refugees on their farms 'until after the
war. 'Consequently ' the " Serbian" agri
cultural department, she said, had sept
her to America to obtain (unds to pro
vide the peasant with "live stock, farm
ing Implements and seed and grain to be
planted in March and April.. ' ' " ..
Madame Groultch was formerly Miss
Mabel Dunlap ef West. Virginia.
Conditions , in the : ferbian. ,hqi)tUIr
crowded with the wounded after tho bat
tles. Were described by Mudmne Grotiitch
ac appalling, .owing to. the great lack of
anaesthetlcM, all kinds ot medical sup
plies and trained nurses. y ,
"I served In one. hospital In Kraguye
vats where there were but. ten trained
nurses and 1,300 wounded men," she said.
UNITED STATES CONSULAR
AGENT IN FRANCE INJURED
...
PARIS. Jen. 21. Benjamin . Morel,
United tttatea consular agent at Dunkirk,
France, was injured when the American
consulate was damaged by a bomb during
the German air raid Friday, according to
the Dunkirk correspondent of the Figaro
The. correspondent . adds that . the con
sulates of Uruguay and Norway, also
were damaged.
Hi
JUDGE IIOLLENBECK
IS LAIDAT REST
Funeral Services for Chief Justice
. of Nebraska Held in Fremont
' Court Room. ,
HOLD GRAND ARMY RITUAL
FREMONT, Neb., Jan. . (Special Tel
egram.) The -funeral of Chief Justice
Conrad Hotlcnbeck was held from tha dis
trict court room this afternoon. At 10
o'clock the casket was escorted from the
residence to the court house by a delegar
tton from the bar association and the
Elks' lodge, and placed tn front of tha bar.
Until tha time ot the funeral many peo
ple passed by tha body of the man they
had honored,' with' tha position of chief
Justloe. , '
Dr. F. M. Slsson of the Methodist Epis
copal church conducted tha services, which
Were brief. He spoke eloquently of tha
deceased chief Justice as a soldier, .cltlten,
and especially as a Jurist.
- Mcl'hernon post of the Grand Army ot
tha Republic, the Charity club peopla
from out 'of. the , city, and lawyers ,wera
seated Inside the bar. Among those from
out' of the city were Judges I lamer, Let
ton, Fawcett and Barnes of the supreme
court, " Judge 3. 3. Bulllvan of Omaha,
Judge Thomas ot . Columbus, W, H.
Thompson of Grand Island and attorneys
from every county In the Judicial district
The committee of the state senate beaded
by Senator Wallace Wilson and from the
house headed y Henry C. Richmond Were
also present.
The only Immediate relatives present
were Frank Hollenbecic and family ot
Forsyth, -Mont., and two -brother of the
Judge,. Amos a.nd John Hollenbeck of
Sallda, Colo.. The Intermeht was at Ridge
cemetery,' where the . full .burial . service
of. the Grand Army of the Republic ritual
was carried out.
The court room was hot able to hold
more' than half of the people who came
to attend the services.
' "
Only Three of Crews
Of American Ships
Are Held at Bremen
BERLIN, Jan. 24.-(Vla London.)-WillT
lam T. Fee, American consul at Bremen,
replying today tp a telegraphic Inquiry
regarding the arrest by German authori
ties of, American sailors composing the
crews of the American steamships Green
Brier and Carolyn, after the vessels bad
carried cotton cargoes to Bremen, ealdr
"Only three' men from the Green Brier
and three men from the. Carolyn were
held here, owing to their doubtful na
tionality.. Than., before the departure ot
the steamers, the men were released. ,
: BREMKN (Via London), .Jan.- 24. Five
sailors of the. American steamer Green
ttrtcr c and L aruiyn, . two joI . whom are
Flnlanders, two. Swedes and one a former
British: subject, who; were: arrested ''after
the- arrival :'of the steamers here, have
been allowed to resail with their Teasel.
It Is pointed out,- however, that In the
interests ot military secrecy all, sailors,
who are subject of hostile countries em
ployed on American ships, reaching Ger
man ports, will be placed under arrest,
but, will, be held only during the stay of
the vetisel in port, , and will be nut aboard
their ship just prior to its departure.
4 Thousand Jewish :. .
: ;;Ref ugees . Stranded
'JCBvV 'YORK.", iian.' 'l3'7-tite ' following
telegram was recefved by, Louis 'Mar
shal! from William Jennings Pryan, sec
retary of state: ' '
"Americana brought from Palestine to
fVlrxandrla being provided with trans
portation. But Consul Alexandria tele
graph about S.OuO foreign Jewish refu
gee . arrived from Palestine, per cent.
71 Russian, 20 French and S mixed. 4.000
destitute. I,ocal Jewish community with
slight assistance, except that French
Russian and British consulates are pro
viding food and government and muni
cipality housing. . Consul states Urge
numbers are still expueeted and that
funds for relief will be urgently needed.'
Accordingly .the committee has taken
steps to relieve the situation. It also
appropriated and sent :',0U0 additional
for Russia, and li.OOO additional for
Austria-Hungary.
GERMANY TELLS
RODMANIA ACT
THATJF ENEMY
Berlin Warns Balkan State Its Mo
bilization Measures and In
trigues in Transylvania
Are Hostile.
, , , . . n, , -LLT T.wTit
ttU UUiUUUaA-.lUJM UX AX,rUtt
Fightinp; in Western Europe Grow
ing Fierce at Many Points
Along Line.
TEUTONS RENEWING ATTACKS
PARIS. Jan. IM.-No official confirma
tion Is obtainable here of a report from
Vctroprad tlnt trmany hs ptotoa.cl
to Roumanla because of the latter'j atti
tude tovrd Austria. It is suld In of
ficial circles hero, moreover, tut a"lt
protest ordinarily would be nnie by
Austria, under the circumstances, rnthor
than ny Uermany. i
(lermany Warns Rnnmnnla.
LONDON. Jan. 23. The Paris Tomps
prints the following from Petrogrnd:
"Germany, In a note to Roumanla. de
clares that the measures undertaken by
the latter country, which are tantamount
to mobilization oriers, and Its encourage-;
ment of a revolutionary propaganda In
Transylvania, are hostile acti:."
Although official descriptions of fluht
ing on the western front ntinue to be
brief, there is evidence that It it grow
ing fiercer at many point. Tho Germans
are showing renewed activity in the
neighborhood of 7pi-s and i. avy bom
bardments of thr i't wing of tha allies
are almost inccssnnt
Where Flgfatln Merest.
It la rrom the centor eastward, however,
that the battle au- most bitter. In the
Argonno, around Verdun, and tn Alsace
heavy engagements are In progress, ap
parently without any ,-decision having
been made. But them are merely local
affair compared to what is expected
when the ground becomes mora suitable
for .moving troops.
Along the Belgian coast every move of
the Germans Is tha signal for a renewed
bombardment by tha British ships while
the aviators of both forces are continu
ally dropping bomb behind tha i.asUle
lines
Dunkirk has been singled out for Ger
man air attack, doubtless because 'It Is
believed it 1 being used by the British
as a base of supplies from England,
while Ostend, Bruges and Zeebrugg are
raoelvlng attention from the allies for
a similar . reason. There Is no confirma
tion from official, sources of tha reported
vtrl of the allies' airmen to Essen and
. ' Situation In Poland.' -
Dusseldorf ertg. In tha. weok. : ,Li
A remarkable situation baa arisen tn
Poland. Tha Russian troops north of the
lower Vistula ace now fifty miles farther
west than' the Germans In tha direction
of Warsaw! so that a cuceessful cross
ing of tha. Vistula would make atflank
attack by , either army possible. Tho
Germans are keeping very- careful guard
over a possible passage of the river h.kv
Plock, evidently for the reason that the
Russian objective appears to lie tof the
north rather than to the south.' On the
whole, however, the Austro-Germane for
political reasons must divert their atten
tion to the southeast, where the Russians
are pressing through the mountains
toward Transylvania.
According to Russian statements strong
Austrian forces already have been en
countered and there Is a suggestion that
the Russians are expected to meet serious i
opposition before long. The attacks In
front of Warsaw1 have grown lees fre
quent and apparently are not being
pushed with the same determination as
previously. In the Carpathians the Aus
trian are snowbound.
Pence Move In If angary.
There are reports of a peace move
ment In Hungary. Dispatches from Rome
say 300 peace meetings which were ar
ranged for Sunday, have been prohibited,
while another report from the same
source declares the resignation of tha
Austrian nremlee. Pniint ffrt 3f Htlh
is expected and that he will be succeeded
bv Here Vdh Bllinskl. the Austen-Hun'" B,nc8 1 arrived 'ee we navs
Syrian minister f fin.nr-
Th nresono. of th. An.tH.n t,..,
Archduke Charles Francis, and Baron
Burlan, the Austro-Hungarian minister
f foreign affairs .at German head -
quarters, has also led to talk of dll
sension among the German allies, but thl
is not seriously considered. In LloVds,
however, "peace risk" Insurance, written
by the underwriter Is being differ
entiated for the first time as between
Germany and Austria. The Insurance
rate on peace between Germany ' and
Great Britain before July 25 I 75 guineas
per cent, , while fer the same "risk"
respecting Austria it Is CS guineas per
cent. "
Carranza Demands ,
Release of Brother
SAN ANTONIO, Teg., Jan. 24.-A mes
sage from Nuevo Laredo says General
Venustiano Carranxa has taken a prison
ers in Jatepa,' Vera Crux, the father,
mother, wife arid three children of Gen-
that un"rM hl7 t'other? Jestu ' CArran"Z
Is released Immedlatnlyy the fkmliy of Six
will Ire executed. " Jesua ( arrnnm Wss
taken, prisoner on December SO at Ban
Geronlmo and.lteld a a hostage after
bis staff was put to death.
Emmanuel Turns Over
Palace to Refugees
ROME, Jan. 24. King Victor Emmanuel
has placed the royal palace at Caserta
at the disposal of earthquake refugees
and wounded. Notwithstanding the ex
ceedingly stormy weather, snow and
freexlng rain falling, the king today
motored to Avezzano, Balsorano, lsolu.
Belllrl and rlora. Inspecting the wholo
district and seeing that the work of bous
ing the shelterless population was pro
ceeding rapidly despite the bad weather.
BELGIAN STOICISM
HID ES BEEP HATE
Feople Never Laugh Nor Complain,
but Underneath Calm Mighty
Fury Burns.
THEIR SUFFERINGS TERRIBLE
I.ONlniN, Jan. :4. The lmprrfslon 1
tnM aay from I.legn are) of wonder
tl.sl a people- ran snffor so much In al-
I'l anu vi aaniireuon ior ii'c umvr;
Kvl.ich enables them to do It." ,
This stateinent was made today by Pr.
P. II. Williams of New York, who - at
the suggestion of the Rockefeller founda
tion volunteered his services to direct
the operations of the American Commis
sion for Relief bt Belgium at IJege and
Is now returning to America. ', Continu
(fig. he said:
"The people of Belgium never com
plain, but they never laugh. Their stoic
ism, for that Is the only word which de-
si-rllies their attitude, would mislead even
trained ' observers Into believing that
everything whs going on as . usual. Vn-
drr the surtare. however, they feel Im
placable hatred because of their untold
mlHfortuues and suffering. ,
f hlld's Letter.
"A little girl at Liege who had been
lucky enotiRh to get a . warm petticoat
among the Christmas presents distributed
by the commission wrote tp the A merl
in nn child who sent It, 'My country has
been devastated by the sword, our desr
cure Is dead, our burgomaster, who wa
doctor and gave all hi time to the
poor, ha been hot; my father, wa shot
and I am now living with nun, eating
bread sent from America.'
"In the province of Liege alone nearly
S00.009 out ot a population of M0.000 are
absolutely destitute and entirely de
pendent upon the commission for food to
keep them alive,. In the principal towns,
Liege, Vervler and fipa, distress Is most
acute because the Iron mills, gun works,
rubber tire factories, sine mines and
other Industries are closed. Practically
the only, exception la found In the coal
mines, 'which are being worked three'
day a week to obtain fuel to keep the
people from freezing. '
Covered with liurn,
"During the month t wa in Liege It
snowed or rained every day and when I
left the province was covered with a
thick blanket ot snow. ' I
("At Louvaln and other places Belgian
communal authorities are laying out!
boulevards and other municipal improve
ments planned long ago, simply to pro-
vldo work for the people. They can keep
this work going only three days a week
and In paymont men are given paper
bonds, which are not negotiable outside
the community In which they live, al
though with them they can buy their
rations of bread and soup. ' '
' "In smaller towns which have ,been de
stroyed men are being employed under
the same system to pile up bricks which
t 111- inter -the streets and tell of bom
bardments the world almost has forgot
ten. All these operations are tn the
hands ot relief committees. . ,
Line I's One a Day,
"At least 90,000 pcoplo tine up once
day for bread and souo at twelve can
teens established by the commission In
Lloge. You see no young men; there are
only old women, children and crlpplos.
the distribution starts at I SO o'clock in
,mornlnc M no finished until
pound loaves n net bags and old men
wrap theirs In banJsnnt handkerchiefs.
which they hide unJr their coats. Then
they go to another canteen to get their
allowance of soup.
"Rich and poor all lieve to send for
bread and all get th same supply.
'Rich' is a term of Irory, but I use it
comparatively to distinguish between the
distressed and destitute. Think of steel
magnates, university professors and well
to do. women accustomed to living luxur
iously oa Investments, which now bring
In no Income, being obliged to stand In
a bread line.
Noon Distinctions Gene,
Within a few months there will be no
distinction to make, because practically
every person In Belgium will be depend
ent on. the canteens. Kvery one's pri
vate means wilt have disappeared.
"Iiufore the commission got Into opera-
M. score, of small towns had no bread
not failed once to bu able to supply
rations for the people of the province.
but we have had several close shaves.
No one " trvln "" but lh r-eople
! " '""" "w " strain
I they are under In being kept alive on so
smau a ration, ineir laces iook or awn
and they naturally fall easy victim to
any Infection.
Work of Physicians. .
"Belgian physicians are doing splendid
work, both In relieving distress and In
attending prisoners and wounded. The
communal authorities have the sanitary
sltuatloh well In hand and thanks to
them there has been no really serious
epidemics. In this, a In other matters,
ho Germans do not Interfere. , in this
connection I would llxe to say that so
far as 1 know not one morsel of the food
so generously supplied to Belgium Is be
ing taken by the Germans. It W only
fair to say the Germans have given us
every assistance not only In the distri
bution of relief supplies, but In blearing
the canals . of broken bridge so our
barge can reach towns and village
whose people otherwise would starve."
fBlaSt ShalCCS GrOUnd
So Buildings Slide
Into River; 3 Die
VANCOUVER, B. C, Jan. 24. Three
engineers were killed and five olhera In
jured at the British Columbia transport
company's quarry, Pitt River, twenty
miles from here, Saturday night. A blast
so shook the four acres of. ground of the
company's wharf office and machinery
stood that they slid off tho banks tuto
the river. More than a score ot men
were caught In the lanslide. Three still
are missing and are believed to have
been drowned. Where the companies' of
ficers were formerly, Is now more than
thirty feet of water. The dead are:
J. CHISHOLM.
T. I.OWNK.
T. KVANH. .
Uhcy were unmarried, -
GERMAN CRUISER
SUNK BY BRITISH
II1TIIE1I0RTIISEA
Armored - Warship Bluecher De.
. itroyed and Two Other Craft
Damaged in Battle with
British Fleet
VICTIM WAS A NEW VESSEL
Teuton Squadron Sighted Whilo
Apparently Making for the
' ' Coast of Albion.
ISLANDERS LOSE NO BOATS
' LONDON, Jan. 21. Th German
armored cruiser Dleucher of 15,650
ton displacement was gunk In ta
engagement with DrlUsh warships to
day In the North tea. Two. other
teasels' of tho German fleet were
seriously damaged. , , .
W si A'ew easel.
The. Oflrfhin armored cruiser Bluecher
was a comparatively new Vessel. It was
built at the Klol yards In 1909 at a cost
of s.fiOO.OOO and three years later most of
Its guns' were replaced. The Bluecher
wan 4R8 fnet Ions-. K'rt hoam mnt n .
complement consisted of 47 officer, and
men. . : ..- ' ' '
The Bluecher carried twelve S.i-lnch
guns, eight (Mitch guns and sixteen 84
poundera. It also was equipped with threa
torpndo tubes. Tha Bluecher wa capable,
of traveling a little more than' twenty
six knots an hour.
Is Officially Assetsres.
The text of tha official pres bureau
statement follows:
."Early this morning a British patrolling
squadron of battle cruisers and light
cntlsera, under Vic Admiral Sir David
Beatty, with a destroyer flotilla, under
Commodore Tyrwhltt. sikhtnd four- Oer-
IV. u. k.t.l. ...... I .. A . . . .
. ww.uu vruuoia inn aeverai iignc
cruisers and a number of destroyers
steaming westward, and apparently mak
ing for the English coast.
"The enemy at bnce made for home at
top speed. They wire at once pursued
and at about t.30 a. m. action was joined
between the battle cruisers Lion, Princess
Royal. New KeaJand and Indomitable on
the one hand and the Derfllnger, 8yd.
llts, Moltke and Bluecher on the other.
A well contested running flaht enauud.
Shortly after 1 o'clock th Bluecher, which
had previously fallen out' of line, cap
sized and sank. .
"Admiral Beatty reports that two other
battle cruiser were seriously damaged.
They were, however, able to continue
their flight,, and reached an area where
dangere from . German submarines and;
mine prevented further pursuit
o Hrtttah Ships Lost. .
"No British ships, have beta lost and
casual I Ins In personnel as at present re
ported are alight; the Lion, which led the
line, having only eleven wounded and no
killed.
"One hundred and twenty-three sur
vivor have been rescued from the
Bluecher'a crew of .MS and It Is possible
that others have been saved by some of
our destroyers. ! No reports of any -destroyer
or light cruiser fighting have yet
been received at the admiralty, though
some has apparently taken place,
"Their - lordships hsve- expressed their
satisfaction to Vice Admiral Sir David
Beatty.'' ' '
Filipino Insurgent
Chief Killing Friend
At Cockfight to Die
MANILA, P. I., Jan. 24. Governor Gen
eral Francis Burton Harrlion, In an or
der today, directed that General Noriel,
the Insurgent leader, who Is one of the
most prominent natives of the province'
of Cavite, be put to death on January 37.
The execution originally was set for Jan
uary ii, diii ua evma, a native
Jurist, Issued a stay.
Noriel was found guilty' of murder for
the killing ot a native with whom he had
Quarreled at a cock ftrht-
Influential Filipinos exerted every ef
fort on behalf of General Noriel, but
Governor Harrison overruled Judge
Revllla's order staying the execution and
directed that the death sentence be car
ried, out. The pending measure abolish
ing capital punishment offers the only
bona for the general.
Noriej had no connection with tr.a
abortive native uprising In Manila and
its environs last December. Noriel .was
a prominent supporter of General Emilio
Aguinaidd, the leader of the revolt
against the United Htates In 1901, and he
commanded the Cavite Insurgent forcea
in the attack on Manila In that rebellion.
Pensions for Needy
Widowers in Arizona
PHOENIX, Artx.. Jan. 24.-Wldowers
over to years old with children and un
able to earn a livelihood, will- get a pen
slon of 1 15 a month for themselves and
IS for each child, under the terms ot a
mothers' pension bill passed by the Ari
zona legislature.
This bill rails for the repeal of a prev
ious mothers' pension tot as an inltatlva
measure at the November election, in
sdILa of the fact that the ixtoDla at th
same time alto passed a law prohibiting
the legislature from repealing or amend
ing any Initiated measure. The voters
did not have tho question of providing
for 'widowers put up to them.
Austrians Report
Russ Thrown Back
VIENNA (Via London). Jan. 24.-Corre-spondent
of the Vienna papera telegraph
rrom tne rroni titat tne ituititti attempt
to outflank the Austrian right wing in
southern Bukowina has been frtiatroted
and that the Russians have been thrown
back, near Kirlibaba. The AtistrUna, ac
cording to these dispatches, Jtiave cap
tured a number ot prisoner ant a.
quantity of war matwial.