Urn HEE: OMAHA, MOXDAY, DECEMBER 21, 1914.
Mysteries of
Science and
Nature
I'r " " -
' I ' I I.I. - I I. ! , , . ...
I " , "
Br GARRETT P. SERVIS8.
"How far from ttje coast does salt water
penetrate the earth? I found salt lr
2.0a feet Mow the surfs ee In the north
central part of Pennsylvania, while drill
ing an oil well.
E. M."
The aalt water
that you found In
Pennsylvanit did
not arrive there -y
n underground
rout from the
ocean, but derived
Ita aallnty from
a o m e deposit of
aalt In a neighbor
Ing part of tba
earth crust
The ocean la not a
gait factory, but
aalt storehouse Tba
salt that It contain!
interlude
Poem
Dy Ella Wheeler Wilcox
By Nell Brinkiey
Copyright 114 Intern'!. Newa Prrvloe.
Pretty Wrap for Service
comes from the land and la w ached down
Into tba aea basins by rain and rivers.
Once In the ocean, H remalna and aocum
vlatea there, because It haa no way to get
out, and new aupplle ar constantly being
added to It The heat of tha eun causes
the surf are water to evaporate and to
form clouds over tha continents, which
clouds finally condense into rain, and
thua return Into tha ocean -as water, car
rylng more aalt along with It
Tha ocean haa been mllllona of years
In collecting tha quantity of salt that it
now contains, which hss been leached
out of millions of square miles of land
by tha action of tba water, sent forth as
clouds from tha' sea and returning as
sediment-laden liquid. The sea is a pocket
for tha salt which la open for Ingress,
but closed for egress. At tha present time
tha oceans contain on an average, say
three and a half par cent of salt If they
were suddenly dried up their basin would
he found covered with a thick deposit of
alt
But there are greater acqu 11 tors of
alt than tha ocean not aa measured by
tha total amount gatheied, but by tha
percentage. Large enclosed lakes, espe
cially if they lie In sunny regions where
evaporation U rapid and continual, often
gather enormous quantities of salt. Thua
tha Great Salt lake of I' tan. having no out
let but several river Inlets, and lying in
a basin-shaped valley, consist of water
greatly exceeding aea -water In aaltness.
The degree of aallnty of tha water haa
varied notably since tha lake was dis
covered by early explorers, tha change
according with tha amount of water flow
ing In during relatively wet or dry period a
Tha percentage of aalt haa varied from
18 up to about U.
Tha famous bead Bea, - in Palestine,
having also no outlet and lying, more
over, below aea level, has accumulated
alt until tha percentage of salinity haa
been reckoned m high aa 38. But the
quality of tha salt and tlie nature of
tha elements entering Into It vary more
or lens In those Inland collections from
that of tha ocean.
- In times past tha surface of tha earth
haa witnessed tha formation and disap
pearance of many lakes and Inlaud seas,
distributed over all . of tha present-day
continents, and when theaa dried up they
left their beds covered with deposits of
aalt - Bubseuuent changes In tba earth's
crust hav burled' tha ancient aea-beds
and lake-bede, which bow eoneUtute
stratified deposits of salt
The most celebrated or tha aalt deposits
In tha eastern United States belong to
what geologists call tha Bollna system.
It was laid down by a shallow inland
aea, which existed In tha later parts of
the Ellurlan age. many millions of years
ago. It extends from Canada through cen
tral New York, Pennsylvania and Mary
land, reaching also westward Into Ohio
Alternating with the salt deposits are
beds containing gypsum and stores of
petroleum dating back to equally ancient
time In the earth's history. In fact tha
first discovery of petroleum In Penn
sylvania was made through artesian wells
filled with brine.(
In tha early hlirtory of this country, be
fore the salt deposits around Syracuse, la
the ancient land of tha Onondagaa, were
known to white roen. the settlers along
the coast had to take their salt from tha
sea. It was obtained by evaporating water
In kettles, and the process waa ao easy
that every considerable family had a
salt-making apparatus. Finally tba great
"salt-licks" of the Indiana, were discov
ered, and tha stats of New York
purchased from tba -Onondaga tribe tha
land underlaid by the aame deposits- '
There are immense stores ef solid aalt
In many parts of tbe earth'a crust left
by Zortaex bodies of water. In Austria
yon may visit enormous covers where
aalt is mined like coat and where roofs.
walls, columns, passages, all consist of
salt whose surfaces gli'.ter in the artificial
light aa tf It were strew a with diamonds,
ro it Is not wonderful in boring for oil
that you should strike aalt water. It la
only a reminder of dead sesa and lakes
that wimpled la the sunlight of an earlier
period of the earth, and, then laid their
dry bones of salt to rest deep In its rock
bosom. " " '
Snap Shot3
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!
Advice id Lovelorn : ''r
Copyright, 1914, by Star Company,
Th days grow shorter,
The night grow longer;
Tha headstones thicken along
tha way;
And life grows gadder, but love
v growe stronger,
For those who talk with us day
i by dfcy.
V
The tear comes quicker, the laugh
comes slower; -'
The courage la lesser to do and
. dare; ,
And the tide of Joy In the heart
falls lower
And seldom covers the reefs of
.care ,
But all true things In the world
seem truer.
And the better things of earth
eem beet,
And friends are dearer as friends
are fewer,
And love is all m our sun dips
.west, .
Then, let us clasp hands as we
walk .together, '
And let us speak softly In love's
sweet toner"
For no man knows on the morrow
whether
We two pass on or but -one
alone. '
Why My Husband it xvlt
i . c
How to Catch a. Bean.
Dear MIm Fairfax: Would : like youV
advice how a girl of 25 an win a fellow.'
Have had several felTowa ' when I; were
younger: I am rather qui,-, but not' of
a Jealous dleposlliorV I." attend parties,
but do not -seem to Iif-noticed byboys.
Have two younger etstera In the same
position. Thanking you . for . advice.
' . - ' EMMA.
No royal rule for "catching . a ' beau"' Is
known. If 'you are riot ' actually unat
tractive, -you should " not worry. ' Keep
your . heart light . your . conduct . circum
spect and In good season you will be
Bought out . by the - right man. . who . is
really the ' one . you are ". waiting for.
. Dnafaesa Not Bar. '-'
and am deeply In- love with a girl one
year my .luntor. . She Is deeply in love
with me, too. i But I cannot hear. 8he
csn learn how to spell easily.' Do you
mins tnai it is a runt thing for me to
Set her. . BEE READER.
No good reason is anDarent whv vou
should not be happy .toegther. It the' girl
is willing to wed with you knowing your
physical affliction. As a rule murm-tnn
tends to' deepen love ) and sympathy,
By DOROTHY DIX.
"I lost my husband," said the' ninth
who waa moral, sober, industrious; . a
man any woman might have been glad to
take as H waa a ml th.nl c.,A . wB-
woman, "through trying to cut him over kneea for what aha w. getting. Never
according to my own little perforated theleaa. the curse of my sex for altering
pattern of what a man should be and thlnas waa udoo me. and I iti.tinoti.
J rail that even in the days of our be
trothal I used to enjpy myself by thinking
that as soon aa I was married to Sidney
I would change the way he had his hair
By ANN I ISLE.
niva me a heart syrette! ,
Yet, L4fe, not coldly so,
Let ioMihg thua tha thirst to know,
And miueiiig all dlr to stow, ,
Trie tHle ot life In ebb and flow,
Bup by mm, wriiii Cuuipls-rntly
1 r'X and say, "life's good to roe;
W hy should I soil my soft white palmsT
I will irrn.Ua aioof and be
Proud in I lie cokl aerenlty
That auks not and that sives not alma.1
irant tarn aa eager heart!
Thiil Is afire to strive;
Though bitter pain may sear and shrive
SS ilh tears tha Lui; that survive,
t-'ia kt like le.-l amliitlon's drive. S
lirartl urn the Mia apathy
Taut coldly sas. "l.Ue's sood to me,
And struggle la mmutt and far."
.Nayevery rtUM mat wins or dies
so .re Inr apart la thoas far skiea
V tiers huii or riacs my own star!
The prouder and most Independent
orai ia the world will accept order
front the right man but he bas to be her
"bom" in bualneas or her master In love.
Wore the engagement the man talks
nd the woman lutr.na; after the engage
M.nt n.lthrr one talksmui h. Uut after
tne iiiAi iiuke ri hrr the woman talko and
the ;nau I'.nirr. or S thy both talk
toii.1 U.tt ijelol.Lvrs llil-ca."
"
i
think and wear.
The, chief femi
nine vice la the ma
nia we women have
for reforming things.
We never can be
satisfied to attend
to our owa business
and let ether people
manage their affairs
aa thsy Ilka, and
there Isn't a moth
er' a daughter ot us
who doesn't believe
In her secret soul
that If the Almighty
bad consulted her
at the creation of
the world a lot of
blunders could have
been avoided.
"Above all every woman holds to the
faith that If her husband would only be
come as clay is her hands shs could
fashion him Into a thing of beauty and
wonder that would astonish the world.
Je mailer bow much a woman admires
a man, or looks up to him, or loves him,
she wants 'to change him. It's the same
spirit that makes her shift around t..e
furniture la her house to suit her own
taste after she's paid a professional dec
orator to arrange It for ber.
People often marvel that an otherwise
sensible woman will marry a drunkard
or a rake and they wonder why she does
It. Tha answer la plain. The drunkard or
tha rake offers such gorgeous and llin
ideas reformation opportunliim to her
that she ran t rest! the temptation.
"I married aa admirable young man
cut and the style ot collars he wore, and
buy all his neckties myself.
"No sooner had we returned from our
honeymoon tha I proceeded to put my
amiable theories Into practice. I over
hauled his wardrobe and threw away all
of hla clothes that did not ault my taste,
although In doing ao I discarded en old
coat or two and a pair of well worn slip
pers upon which ha placed a ridiculous'
yalue. I also put a strict taboo on free
and easy dressing at home, and forced
hlrn to make an elaborate toilet for din
ner every night
"If I was good enough to drees up for
before we were married. I am good
enough to drees up for after we are mer
it to be my mission In life to elevate him.
and to drag him to see plays that were
improving Instead of the Cay musical
comedies that he liked, and, to put
final touch to - my folly, I even tried to
polish up bis manner according to my
standards of elegance.
"In a word 1 became nothing but
crltlo on the hearth. I was a perpetual
reminder to my husband of his faults.
I was the thorn In the. aids of hla vanity,
and I was blind 1 and stupid enough to
expect a man to go on loving the only
human being in the world that continu
ally reminded him . of what a poor weak
creature he waa, and to think that I
made home attractive by making it the
only place where he heard the bitter,
subbing truth' about himself.
"I did not have sense enough to know
waa for htsSthat by the time a man la grown up hla
tastes and habits are formed and that a
ried." I would say, which waa an unim
peachable sentiment, but resulted in his
staying downtown Tor dinner on the days
when he was especially tired or rushed
wtlh.work.
"Kidney was a roan of nearly 40 yeare
when I married him. For twenty years
he had lived about in hotels and clubs,
and ha was by way of being a bit of an
epK-ure. - II liked dainty food, highly
seasoned, and elaborate sauces, and had
eaten them with no-perceptible harm to
his digestion. I had been reared on the
plainest of cooking, and I conceived it
my duty at once to reform my husband's
taste In eating, and after we Were mar
ried he never drank a glass of wine tu
my presence without having to listen to
a temperance sermon, or ate a morsel of
food that he really relished without my
warning him how bad it
stomach. ' .
"I also rottoelved It to be my duty to woman Interferes with these at her peril,
correct Ms grammar and his pronuncia- I was not world wise enough to know that
tlon, and to set hlra right when ha made
any statement that I did not consider
historically accurate. Worse, atlll. I felt
Science for Workers
By EMiAK JAV1EX LAB KIN.
Q. "The popular belief that aa auto
mobile Is one of the safest places during
a severe thunderstorm eeena te . be a
fallacy. The idea that tbe rubber tires
will art aa aa effectual bar to the
tasage of the electrical discharge may
be explodej by any one by standing be-
Ue a car and placing one flnser Upon
the top of a spark plug when the motor
1 runnlng."-Tli))lng sent by Tnk
O'Neil, 1. nlu Park. Cel.
A. Tlif.i Is 'no tft of the avtior, of
Ukutning. One of the safeat places possi
ble when lightning Is piaylag between
the clouds and earth Is In an automobile.
This is because i haa rubber tires and
rubber Is one of the best non-conductors
of electricity known. And Ms Is the
re&soa why this substance, soft and
hard. Is used everywhere In electrical
engineering as an Insulation.
To touch an active spark-plug when
standing on tbe ground la to complete
the circuit to earth and receive a shock.
The earth always receives electricity,
and this is always available In complet
ing a circuit Bhoes with very thick
rubber soles are uael to act aa Insulators,
and rubber tires act as complete ob-1
being reformed Is about as pleasant as
being skinned alive, and that no man
marries te acquire a critic, and so I pre
pared my own doom.
"Every man must have some woman
who admires him. who flatters -him, some
woman before, whose he ran pose as an
eracle. some woman in whose eyes he ia
a little Un god or who makea htm think
that he la. If he doesn't find this woman
at home, he hunts her up elsewhere.
"My husband was no exception te the
rule I kept his vanity sore and bleeding,
and he found another woman who spread
the salve on tbe wounds I dealt him. . 1
tried ta make him ever, the other woman
made bun feel that ha waa perfection as
he was. I criticised and aha jollied, arid
I lost and ahe won.
"Tha story always ends that way. The
woman who attempts to make over her
which .are necessary
marriage. '
happiness
V - - Ask aa Explanation.
Dear Miss Fairfax: About six months
ago I met a youmr man, who, after going
with me for two months, asked me to be
come his wife. I asked him to ask my
parents, which he did.' and they having
given their consent we - were preparing
to "be engaged.- ....
Suddenly my Intended Informed me that
he was in' serious trouble , and that' our
engagement would have to be postponed.
He told me If I had other chances I
should not discard them, as he did not
know how things would turn out
I am heartbroken, as my parents have
asked me to give him up.
On his birthday, one day last week, I
sent him a card. Did I do wrong. He
telephones occasionally. '
HHARTBROKBN.,
Tou must either ' dismiss:-all thoughts
of this young man from your mind or
persuade your father to Interview him
as to .the cause of his peculiar' actions.
Perhaps with tha help of ao-older man
he might be able to extricate himself
from his trouble, -whatever it la.' In any
case you ought to be : Informed . as r to
the cause" of your broken' engagement
5KIT0II Makes It SEITOH ' Cleans the Clothes WithJ
oat Rubbing Cleans Them Better, Doesn't
Hurt ' tha Finest Fabrics, Saves the ; "
Backache, and Saves Soap, '
Jest 4 a K weak as.1
aa a daisyl
UOTCH aB t kaad
. wwAeeee.Su"
h Hutu. nil a Yla va f x llja tSiit nmen kaa.n mb I
. rut-none o a now lo earth. 1 he clip- Uylag , lt Thfc,., t ther, .
Hag is entirely wioug. . aay M ca..- J
BKJTCH to lust wonderful! Think of
not bavins to rub your clotbee on a wash
board. That's what SKITCH does for
jyou. BKITCU ta not a , aoep-powder
.Cwlteh isn't like anything else you ever
! heard ef. Tea lust put three teaspooea
af SKITCH te the -wash-boiler and then
sit aod rest while SitlTCH drives the
dirt right out ef tbe dirtiest garments.
I And It won't hurt, positively k oaa't
hurt the finest fabrle. Why yon oaa eet
SKITCH and It wouldn't hurt you. It'a j
a wonder. Get a at eeat package ef
B STITCH today and Just let It clean your
jtletUae eooe tor you, - Than you'd as soea j
be out of water aa eat of SKITCH.
Ne uee tiring your back over a wasb
board no use of scalding and reddeaiaaa
your hands ta hot sudsno use wearing!
your clothes out with ruhhlng an
wasting soap on the waab-boerd.
SKITCH drive the hard work away from
wash-day. A ten can feck age ta enough
for seven washings. Nearly all grooeral
have BKITCK-tf yours hasn't he can get
it for you f rosi his Jobber. Get SKITCH
and ereuuh your waah-board te pleo
If any grocer won't supply yew with
SKITCH. send dm his name. I'U aead!
you a sample free. -Haas rich leasees,!
Milwaukee. J
t